00:00Hace 65 years, three women were killed by raising the voice.
00:04This is the case of the sisters Mirabal, known as the Mariposas,
00:07who became a global symbol of the defense of human rights and the feminist resistance.
00:13Thanks to its history, the United Nations established the 25th of November
00:16as the International Day of the Elimination of the Women's Violence.
00:20¿Lo sabían? Igualadas, vengan les cuento su historia.
00:22Imagine a country where each coin has the face of the same man,
00:26where in the college is repeated his name almost like a song,
00:29and where nobody can say what thinks.
00:31That was the day of the Dominican Republic,
00:34under the dictadura of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo,
00:36which extended from 1930 to 1961.
00:39In that reality, there were crimes like the massacre of Perejil,
00:43in which the regime ordered assassins of thousands of haitianos
00:46who lived in the border.
00:47The political represalian, the torture and the force of force,
00:50in the head of the military intelligence,
00:52the military police secret that Trujillo created to protect and eliminate their opponents.
00:57The sexual violence also used as a weapon of power
01:00against women who they were ating to resist.
01:02Well, the list is long.
01:04In that country, they grew up Patria Minerva and Maria Teresa Mirabal.
01:07Like many women of their age, they learned to think in the voice of low voice,
01:11until they did one day.
01:13Influenciadas by ideas progressist and latinoamerican movements,
01:16they joined the political group on the 14th of June,
01:19called the expedition of 1959,
01:21which tried to derogate the dictatorship of Trujillo.
01:23They distributed pamphletes clandestinos,
01:25they distributed networks of resistance
01:27and they turned into the visible faces of the opposition.
01:30It was Minerva who adopted the name clandestine of Mariposa
01:33and became a symbol of valentity and struggle,
01:36a name with which he wrote political messages and messages,
01:40and that then extended to his brothers.
01:42Together, their voices were raised in front of the crimes of the regime,
01:44a fact that, of course, he didn't like Trujillo.
01:48However, this was not the only one that left the persecution
01:51against her sisters Mirabal and her family by Trujillo.
01:54The historical records indicate that in 1949,
01:58the dictator tried to murder Minerva during a party
02:01and she rejected it publicly.
02:03That rejection marked her, her sisters and her family,
02:08giving birth to a personal persecution.
02:10During 1960, the three were incarcerated several times
02:14among their spouses.
02:15But nothing left them.
02:16They kept fighting.
02:17They kept fighting.
02:18And the 25th of November of that year,
02:20after visiting their spouses in Puerto Plata,
02:23after visiting their spouses in Puerto Plata,
02:23they were intercepted by agents of the military intelligence service.
02:26They shot, they shot their bodies
02:28and threw their bodies along the vehicle
02:30in which they traveled.
02:31to simulate a supposed accident.
02:34A crime that caused the whole Dominican society.
02:37The country did not believe the official mentira,
02:39the indignation creed
02:40and, although they were murdered,
02:42their voices and their resistances were still alive.
02:45And a few months later, in May of 1961,
02:48the dictatorship of Trujillo fell.
02:49Organizations internationales, like the UNESCO,
02:52reconocen que ellas fueron ejecutadas
02:53por ser mujeres y activistas,
02:56por organizarse políticamente
02:57contra un régimen dictatorial
02:58y alzar la voz.
03:00Porque cuando una mujer se atreve a hablar
03:01frente a una dictadura
03:02o a un sistema injusto,
03:04sucede algo que incomoda
03:05a cualquier poder acostumbrado al silencio.
03:08Se rompe el orden que le conviene al opresor.
03:11Históricamente, cuando una mujer decide
03:12hablar, denunciar, liderar, organizar
03:15o simplemente decir, esto no está bien,
03:17el sistema reacciona violentamente.
03:20Algunas veces a través de la ridiculización,
03:22convirtiendo sus voces en bromas o exageraciones,
03:25otras veces infundiendo miedo social
03:27y muchísimas veces con violencia física directa,
03:30como en el caso de las hermanas Mirabal.
03:32Tres mujeres que no empuñaron armas,
03:34que no contaban con un ejército detrás,
03:37solo utilizaron su voz, organización y convicción
03:40y fueron perseguidas por toda una dictadura.
03:42En contextos autoritarios, desobedecer siendo mujer
03:45tiene un doble peso,
03:46desafías al poder político y al poder patriarcal.
03:49Gracias a la forma en que resistieron
03:51y se opusieron al régimen de Trujillo,
03:53la historia de las hermanas Mirabal
03:54trascendió fronteras
03:55y llegó al primer encuentro
03:57feminista latinoamericano y del Caribe,
03:59celebrado en 1981 en Bogotá,
04:02donde se declaró el 25 de noviembre
04:03como el día de acción
04:05y denuncia contra la violencia hacia las mujeres.
04:07En 1999 la ONU lo oficializó,
04:10otorgándole una dimensión global a una historia
04:12que nació con ellas,
04:14pero que pertenece al mundo entero.
04:16¡Gracias!
04:16¡Gracias!
