00:10One of the most important topics of study by the political science is the of the State.
00:23Our message today will be centered on this topic.
00:30Let's start by asking us a question.
00:35What is the State in terms of contemporary history?
00:39Let's say that it is a legal and political institution
00:44that is integrated by the Ejecutive, the Legislative, the Judicial and Electoral
00:51has a fundamental goal to focus on the general interests.
01:02This is why the State is the most important organization
01:09political organization, the most important institution of society.
01:17Let's start by forgetting this notion of inequity.
01:21This is why it facilita perpetuate absurdly the regime of inequity
01:30that, unfortunately, persiste in Colombia
01:34in accordance with the statistics basic and real
01:39of the most important international organizations
01:44that we take into account of this topic.
01:49Comprender the State of Contemporary
01:51means that we have a very close knowledge of what is happening in Latin America
01:58and what is happening in North America.
02:03What is happening in China, Asia and in the emerging countries?
02:09How is it going to be handled?
02:13How is it going to be handled in these countries?
02:18How is it going to be handled in these countries?
02:18To face problems similar to those that we have in Colombia?
02:22Of course, in our nation it is indispensable to modernize the State.
02:29And for this effect it is indispensable to proceed
02:34to a systematical and deep study
02:40in terms of the decentralization, the regionalization,
02:46the indicative planning and the democratization.
02:50These four dimensions are fundamental
02:56to profundize appropriately
02:59the role that the State should be in a nation like Colombia.
03:07Is there only a valid concept
03:11for the theoretical understanding of what is the State?
03:15No.
03:16Según las orientaciones específicas que le demos al Estado,
03:23estaremos en presencia de sociedades individualistas o solidarias.
03:29Sociedades donde preocupa profundamente lo humano
03:34o donde preocupa solamente lo individual.
03:39En Colombia hay que hacer rectificaciones importantes al respecto.
03:45Y la institución básica para favorecer ese cambio es el Estado.
03:53Complementariamente, existe cierta discusión en torno a
04:01si debemos fortalecer o debilitar el Estado.
04:04Con su aporte en formaciones reales,
04:09en estudios específicos,
04:11sabemos que el Estado en Colombia no debe ser debilitado.
04:15El Estado en Colombia debe ser fortalecido
04:18cambiando, cambiando las cosas que haya que cambiar,
04:21emprendiendo reformas como la que se emprendió en el 68
04:25por el señor expresidente Carlos Guerra Restrepo.
04:30Esta reforma, la más importante, la más integral,
04:35después de la reforma que se adelantó por el viejo López
04:39en el intervalo 34-38,
04:44la reforma del 68 fue fundamental para actualizar a Colombia,
04:49para buscar hacer cambios que favorecieran
04:53los intereses mayoritarios de la población
04:55de acuerdo con los preceptos fundamentales
04:57que se había comprometido el señor presidente Carlos Lleras.
05:07al presidente Carlos Lleras.
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