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Sveto Kraljevo 2026 - Epizoda 7 - Dokumentarna Igrana Serija
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00:04Kralj Stefan Uroš
00:06Kralj Stefan Uroš vladao je srpskim i pomorskim zemljama gotovo četiri decenije.
00:10Mudrom politikom uspevao je da se izbori sa većinom izazova,
00:14koje mu je donela jedna veoma nemirna epoha.
00:18Ipak, najveća pretnja njegovoj vlasti došla je iz samog kraljevstva
00:23i najuže porodice.
00:59Kralj Stefan Uroš
01:28Kralj Stefan Uroš
01:29ulazi tu u prostoriju u kojoj vlada potpuni mrak.
01:33I od mnoštva stvari koje se u njoj nalaze,
01:35samo su pojedine osvetljene bledunjavom svetlošću.
01:43Tako izgleda proučavanje istorije srednjeg veka.
01:47A zadatak istoričara jeste da tumačeći osvetljene fragmente prošlosti
01:52sastavlja najverovatniju moguću verziju priče o tome šta se zapravo dešavalo.
02:24Kralj Stefan Uroš
02:45I podiže se sina oca u zemlji Ugarskoj.
02:49Mladi kralj protiv staroga kralja.
02:53U metažu tom, gospodar naši kralj Uroš udari na sremsku zemlju,
02:59koja baština veše blagočestive kraljice naše jelene,
03:02ali okrenu se sreća protiv kralja Uroša
03:05i bi potučen i zarobljen u zemlji onoj mačvi.
03:11Povratak vizantijske prestonice iz Nikeje u Carigrad 1261. godine
03:17ozvaničio je obnovu vizantijskog carstva na Balkanu.
03:21U novim geopolitičkim okolnostima kralj Uroš odlučio je da se oslobodi
03:26vazalne zavisnosti od ugarskog kralja Bele,
03:29tako što se umešao u tamošnji dinastički sukob.
03:32U jednom trutku koji se može samo približno odrediti,
03:37nekde oko 1254. godine,
03:39kralj Uroš postaje vazal ugarskog kralja Bele četvrtak.
03:44On je pokušao da se oslobodi u jednom osetljivom trenutku
03:49kada su pitanje unutrašnji odnosi u ugarskom kraljevstvu.
03:52Tade naime je kralj Bela četvrti bio u sukobu sa svojim sinom Stefanom,
03:57koji će kasnije postati ugarski kralj Stefan V.
04:00U tom trenutku nosio je titul vladog kralja.
04:02U tom trenutku su tenzije u ugarskom kraljevstvu bile na vrhuncu,
04:08zato što je kralj Bela, pored mlađeg sina Bele,
04:12koji se venčavao u te 1264. godine,
04:16imao i sina Stefana i Kćeranu.
04:19Međutim, sin Stefan, budući kralj Stefan V,
04:21je bio strašno nezadovoljan svojim položajim
04:23i stalno je napada oca i vodio je rat protiv njega,
04:28da mu ostavi deo teritorije.
04:29Čak i došao do podele ugarske na dva dela,
04:32tako da je Stefan imao samostalne državnički aparat,
04:35znači potpuno je imao svoju oblast kojom je vladao.
04:37Međutim, njegova sestra iz nekog razloga, kraljica Ana,
04:41je 1264. godine u leto povela pohod protiv njega.
04:45U jesen 1264. kralj Uroš prisustoje venčanju
04:50kraljevog mlađeg sina Bele i kuningunde Brandenburške,
04:55a već sledeće godine 1265. Uroš preuzima napad na maču.
05:08Uroš se u taj suptob umešao negdje krajem 1265. početku 1266. godine
05:14na strani Stefana V. računujući zapravo na prava koje je preko svoje supruge,
05:20Jelena Andžio, kraljica Jelene, imao nad teritorijom Srema,
05:26na koju imala baštinsko pravo.
05:29Uglavnom je Uroš napao, maču bio je zarobljen,
05:32a kažu da je njegova zastava odneta u budimi,
05:36da je ove izložena ispred kao sredočanstvo,
05:38da je doživeo veliki poraz.
05:41To je bila brza, kratka akcija.
05:43Završena je tako što je po svoj prilici
05:47sklopljena neka vrsta savezništva i kralj Uroš se povukao.
05:51Sklopljen je ponovo jedan ugovor odgovarajući sa ugorskim kraljem Belom Četvrtim,
05:56čije odredbe na sve nisu poznate,
05:59ali on je svakako uključio obnovu vazelove zavisnosti
06:02i brak Uroševog naslednika, budućeg kralja Stefana Dragutina,
06:08sa čerkom Bele Četvrtog, Katarinom, odnosno Katalinom.
06:13Uroš je, kao što dobro znamo, bio u odnosima ambivalentnim sa ugorskim dvorom
06:21i oženio na kraju svoga prvorođenog sina Stefana Dragutina,
06:26ugorskom princezom Katalinom ili Katarinom,
06:30dobivši nešto za uzvrat u okviru miraza
06:34i preuzevši određene obaveze.
06:36Te obaveze su potpuno prirodno,
06:38išle u pravcu toga da njegov prvorođeni sin Dragutin,
06:43a Zet ugorskog kralja,
06:45bude prestolonaslednik i da nasledi Urošev prestod.
06:50Beritba je, vjerovatno, sklopljena nekoliko godina kasnije,
06:541269. godine približno,
06:56a venčanje je obavljeno po stupanju Stefana V na vlast,
07:01sredinom 1270. godine.
07:03Usvojen je jedan običaj da se ustanovi titula
07:08Mladoga kralja ili Rex junior,
07:11međutim, u Ugrskoj titula Mladog kralja
07:15podrazumevala je i deobu teritorije.
07:18Dragutin dobija titulu Mladoga kralja,
07:21designirani je prestolonaslednik
07:24i očekuje da dobije jedan deo,
07:28kako kaže arhijepiskop Danilo II,
07:31i dužni deo kraljevstva.
07:33Ali on nije tada dobio teritoriju
07:37koju je kao Mladi Kraj trebalo da dobije,
07:40to je bio deo sporazuma Uroša i Bele četvrtog,
07:43koji kralj Uroš nije želeo da isplni.
07:46Neuspeli pohod kralja Uroša na Mačvu
07:48imao je za posledicu još tešnje veze
07:51Nemanjića sa Ugarskim dvorom,
07:53što je izazvalo reakciju
07:54vizantijskog cara Mihajla VIII paleologa.
07:57Bilo je to vremen kada su sinovi kralje Uroša
08:00bili značajni na međunarodnoj diplomatskoj seni,
08:04na planu diplomatskih brakova.
08:07I već sam čin veribio značio je
08:09sklapanje srodstva dve dinastije,
08:12dva dvora,
08:13a posle venčanja,
08:14naravno mlada je u svojoj novoj sredini
08:17bila neka vrsta stalnog ambasadora
08:18svoje dinastije i njenih interesa.
08:21Tako je, na ime,
08:23ugarski kralje inamiravao da preko svoje
08:26verovatno najstarije čerke Kataline,
08:29odnosno Kataline,
08:31vrši određenju utlice na srpskom dvorom.
08:33Z uve strane,
08:34i vizantijska politika se rukodla istim principima.
08:37Alors, effectivement,
08:38les alliances matrimoniales
08:39constituent un élément essentiel
08:42et répété de la diplomatie byzantine.
08:44On ne fait pas seulement
08:45qu'envoyer de l'argent,
08:47en payant quelquefois,
08:48sous forme de tribu,
08:49la paix pour éviter une attaque.
08:51On ne fait pas que concéder
08:52des dignités plus ou moins importantes
08:54en fonction du degré d'importance
08:56dans la géopolitique du temps,
08:57dans la manière dont les empereurs byzantins
08:59considèrent leurs voisins.
09:01On noue aussi des alliances matrimoniales.
09:03Effectivement,
09:03elles sont très importantes
09:04parce qu'elles permettent,
09:06pour l'empire byzantin,
09:08de placer des membres de la famille,
09:10des membres des empereurs
09:12et des dynasties régnantes
09:13auprès des souverains étrangers,
09:15dans les cours étrangères.
09:16Elles sont importantes aussi
09:17parce que souvent,
09:19elles s'accompagnent, en fait,
09:20de déplacements de délégations
09:21de plusieurs dizaines,
09:23voire centaines de personnes.
09:24Et ça favorise les échanges
09:26culturels et intellectuels.
09:27C'est une donnée importante.
09:29Et donc, ces délégations
09:31et ces princesses envoyées à l'étranger
09:34sont aussi une image de l'empire.
09:36Et de la représentation,
09:37pas seulement diplomatique,
09:39mais politique plus largement
09:40de l'empire à l'étranger.
09:41Voilà pourquoi elles sont importantes.
09:43Évidemment,
09:44quand on regarde dans le détail
09:46les partenaires qui sont concernés,
09:48on a une bonne lecture
09:50de l'évolution,
09:52des intérêts géopolitiques,
09:53de l'État impérial
09:55et des dynasties.
09:56C'est ce qui se passe en 1972
09:58avec les Serbes,
10:01dans les relations entre les Serbes
10:02et les Byzantins.
10:04Il était question à ce moment-là
10:06qu'une princesse de la famille
10:09des paléologues,
10:10famille régnante,
10:11donc,
10:13dans l'empire byzantin,
10:15en l'occurrence,
10:15Anne Paléologue,
10:16qui était la deuxième fille
10:17de Michel VIII,
10:18lui qui va reprendre
10:21Constantinople au latin.
10:22C'est ce qui se passe à l'État.
10:52he followed the following change of the next rule in the Serbian kingdom.
10:58This is something that the king of Uroš looked like,
11:01and it is understood that Dragutin and his test were against that.
11:06Dragutin's test, Stefano V, was the small-etni son Ladislav IV.
11:11Dragutin, at the moment, was brought to him for help
11:14and in that way, the change of the next rule in Serbia.
11:18In the success of the vizantinske marriage strategy,
11:22there was a very interesting testimony in the history of Georgi Pahimera.
11:27He, on the journey of vizantinskos poslanstva to Uroše dvor,
11:31he made an obedient testimony.
11:34When the precedence of the poslanstva was walking down there,
11:39in Pahirom, he insisted on the scene that shows the Serbian kingdom.
11:45the Serbian kingdom.
11:46And this is actually referred to as a statement,
11:50and at the end, the poslanstva decided to return to the poslan.
11:55In other words, they found that in the Uroše dvor,
11:59they live in a way that is not worthy of a king.
12:02In other words, we have a written testimony in this sense,
12:07which shows us that two troops of the Patriarch
12:10were taken to the Serbian Serbian, Arash,
12:14and they realized, as the authors say,
12:18that the Serbian kingdom is related to the Serbian court.
12:21For example, that the Jinesee had no neck or that there was no servant.
12:26And it was able to freeze a little bit
12:30the Vodantei of the matrimonial alliance.
12:33So true or false, we can ask ourselves the question.
12:35This is perhaps a pretext
12:37that hides other more geopolitical reasons
12:41and more pragmatic
12:42of the non-conclusion of this matrimonial alliance.
12:45In other words, this story is the right reasons
12:50for the Neuspect Poslanstva
12:52which, Pahimer,
12:53it is found,
12:53although it is not at all,
12:55but in the words that
12:57when it is about the power of power in Serbia,
13:01they were actually not as the Vizantinskos Poslanstvo
13:05was expected.
13:05In other words,
13:06because of that,
13:07that the Serbian dynasty of the Serbian dynasty
13:10will not be anything,
13:11so that the most important goal of this
13:14is that the Serbian dynasty
13:16and the Serbian dynasty
13:16remained on the ground.
13:24And since there was a great fight
13:27in the country called Igacko,
13:29the son took off his parents
13:31and took his strength.
13:34And when he was all king,
13:37he was called the national nation
13:39the Serbian,
13:40the Serbian, the Pomors, the Dunaus,
13:42the Serbian and the Serbian dynasty
13:43of the Serbian dynasty.
13:44Stefan Dragutin.
13:47He was upset with the Queen
13:49of the White House
13:50after the war in Mačvi,
13:52he opened the door
13:53to the Ugarian mix
13:54in relation to the Queen of Uroša
13:56and his old son Dragutina.
13:58In other places,
14:00in the Danilov's house,
14:03we see that Uroš
14:06really promised Dragutin
14:07that he would be the leader
14:10of all the Serbian countries
14:11and Dragutin
14:13as a firstborn son
14:15he thought
14:16that he was the time
14:18to take the power.
14:19In that moment,
14:20Uroš is the leader
14:21of the Serbian dynasty
14:23of the Serbian dynasty.
14:24He is already 60-year-old
14:26and then Dragutin
14:28prayed the priest
14:29to the priest.
14:31There was a fascinating
14:31story in the Danilov's
14:33- writing,
14:34which was made upon
14:37his daughter
14:38and his daughter
14:54The Dragutinov task was supported Dragutinov's task,
14:58that the law that he was definitely going to be able to be established.
15:02We have a few of the sveto-chance that Dragutin was a young king,
15:07that he was a real king, that he was a real king, that he was a real king.
15:11However, Uroš, being able to be in the centralization process,
15:16wasn't able to be able to take care of the son of the territory.
15:21that Uroš didn't have seen his obligations,
15:26showing himself the civil war that happened between him and his firstborn son.
15:38It was only in 1976 in Gatačkom polju, in today's Herzegovina,
15:45and Dragutin killed his father.
16:04We have a date of Uroše's death, 1st May,
16:06and we can imagine that he was taken to the country
16:10which was also thrown after the war in 1977.
16:15There is no doubt that he received the monarchy before death,
16:18because a number of poems and freeseses
16:23that were used for the monarchy
16:25that he was really taking the monarchy,
16:28and his name was Simon or Simeon.
16:31Reč je o jednoj dugoj tradiciji monašanja srpskih vladara,
16:37koja je prethodila njihovom ulazku u svetost.
16:41Kao jedan model, vladar, monah, svetitelj,
16:44koja je utkana u ideologiju Nemanjića,
16:47a koja se, kao što je jasno, poziva na Nemanjin uzor.
16:52Najmleđi sin Stefana Prvovenčanog
16:55ostavio je iza sebe daleko snažniju državu
16:58nego što je bila u vreme njegovog dolaska na presto.
17:01Njegovu vladavinu na unutrašnjem planu
17:03obeležilo je jačanje centralne kraljevske vlasti,
17:07kao i jačanje privredne moći kraljevstva
17:09razvojem rudarske proizvodnje i trgovačkih središta,
17:12a najzad i samostalnost rimokatoličke arhijepiskopije u Baru.
17:25Na spoljnom planu, kralj se borio za opstanak svoje države
17:29u jednom izrazito nemirnom svetu,
17:31koji su obeležili veliki događaj poput mongolske najezde,
17:35rata za obnovu Vizantije, ratova za austrijsko vojvodstvo,
17:39Lijonske unije i sukoba za prevlast u istočnom Mediteranu.
17:44Mudra državnička politika
17:46vodila ga je kroz naizmenična neprijateljstva i savezništva
17:50sa gotovo svim susedima,
17:52Ugarskom, Vizantijom, Dubrovnikom, Vugarskom i Anžujskom državom
17:57u južnoj Italiji.
17:59Ideološki oslonac njegove kraljevske vlasti
18:02i duhovna luka njegove države
18:04bio je Srpski svetogorski manastir Hilandar.
18:09Zbog svoje duge i mudre vladavine
18:12ostao je upamćen kao kralj Uroš Veliki.
18:23To dolaženje na vlast, to osvajanje krune, ako hoćete, preko rata sa sobstvenim ocem,
18:30teško je pritiskalo kralja Dragutine.
18:33Naš najvažniji izvor za ovo je arhijepiskop Danilo,
18:39njegovi životi kraljeva i arhijepiskopa srpskih.
18:44Šta je stvarno bilo, a šta je hageografski narativ koji je podređen
18:49određenim konvencijama žandra, mi to ne možemo u ovom trenutku znati.
18:54Da li se zaista Dragutinov život post što je preuzeo vlast,
19:001276. da li je u toj meri bio ispunjen grižom savesti, mi to ne možemo znati.
19:06U svakom slučaju, 1276. godine kralj Dragutin stupa na testo.
19:13Dragutin je u svom nasilnom dolazku na vlast
19:16morao dobiti podršku i kraljice majke Jelene, koja će i narednih decenija biti veoma uticajna u srpskom kraljevstvu.
19:24Njen uticaj je bio ogroman sve do njene smrti 1314. godine.
19:31On je sasvim očigledno stupio na presto uz odobravanje i svoje majke,
19:38kraljice Jelene, zvane Anžujska, i svog brata, princa Milutina.
19:45Da je tako bilo sve doči činjenica kada je Dragutin preuzeo vlast,
19:49deo zemlje prepustio je kraljici Jelene, njegove majci.
19:53Deo je prepustio možda bratu Milutinu.
19:55On je odmah promenio tu centralističku politiku kralja Uroša.
20:00To on nekako deli vlast na početku sa majkom i bratom.
20:04Nesumljivo da je kraljica Jelena imala posebne privilegije.
20:08Sasvim sigurno od 1276. ona ima zasebnu teritoriju,
20:14ona ima svoj dvor u Brnjacima, kojem je ona imala i školu za devojke
20:21koje su ostale sirote. Ona se bavila pobožnim darivanjima,
20:26dopisivala sa starcima istočne crkve, dopisivala očigledno i sa papom.
20:35Dakle, jedan očigledno dvor u kojem je imala i svoju vlastelu.
20:39Znači, ona je imala jedan vladarski status.
20:48Deset leta iz zima, uporno poput Hefesta, kovaše veliku zaveru kralj Sicilijanski Karlo,
20:57jer u njemu goreše samo jedna želja, da kao car latinski zavlada gradom Konstantinovim.
21:05Obnovom Vizantijskog carstva i francuskim preuzimanjem Južne Italije,
21:10otpočela je velika geopolitička igra, u kojoj su glavne figure predstavljali
21:15car Mihajlo VIII paleolog i Sicilijanski kralj Karlo Anžujski.
21:20Pored francuskog kralja i pape, vladara Španije, Ugarske i Venecije,
21:26srpski vladari zauzimali su značajnu poziciju na ovoj tabli.
21:30Tokom XIII. veka su rimsko-nemački carevi uspeli da pod svoju kontrolu stave kraljevinu Siciliju.
21:38Mislimo na državu koja je obuhvatala ne samo Ostrvo Siciliju, nego i čitavu Južnu Italiju.
21:44Da bi se obračunali sa ovim uporištem rimsko-nemačkih careva u blizini Rima,
21:50pape su se u početkom druge polovine XIII. veka obratile za pomoć svom, da kažemo,
21:58vernom savezniku, to je bila francuska kraljevska porodica.
22:04Papstvo, u stvari, angažuje mlađeg brata tadašnjeg kralja Luja IX, Karla Anžujskog,
22:09on je bio grof Anžua, zato ga zovemo Karlo Anžujski, da praktično osvoji te posede rimsko-nemačkog carstva,
22:19odnosno kraljevinu Siciliju.
22:21Međutim, uskoro je postalo jasno da se ambicije Karla Anžujskog tu ne zaustavljaju.
22:25Nakon što je osvojio kraljevinu Siciliju, on stupa u kontakte sa izbeglim latinskim carem Balduin II.
22:34Poslednji latinski car Balduin II pobegao iz Sarigrade pred Bizantijskom vojskom i sa sobom,
22:40naravno, poneo i prava na carski tron.
22:441967. godine na papskom dvoru u Viterbu sklopljen je čuveni sporazum između pape i Karla Anžujskog i titularnog latinskog cara,
22:57Balduin II. koji je za cilj, naravno, imao obnovu latinskog carstva,
23:02i to je nešto čemu je Mihajlo VIII pokušava da se suprostavi na različite načine,
23:08tako da su u tom trouglu odnosa najmoćnijih činilaca u Istočnom Mediteranu, dakle,
23:17rimskog pape, Bizantijskog cara i Sicilijanskog kralja,
23:21zapravo odvijala dinamika čitavog spleta međunarodnih odnosa narednih 15-ak godina.
23:39Sporazum u Viterbu značajan je u kontekstu srpske istorije zato što se u njemu i pominje Srbija.
23:46I to se pominje na način kao da se radi o neprijateljskoj zemlji, koja treba da predstavlja jednu od teritorija
23:53koje će biti povraćene u toj, nazovimo je, katoličkoj protivofanzivi
23:58i koje će onda biti deljene kao plen između pobednika.
24:02Oni su očekivali da će se Srbija u tom sukobu koji se pripremao naći na drugoj strani.
24:08Naredne godine vidimo da dolazi do preokreta.
24:11Umeđu vremenu došlo je do bračnog povezivanja srpskog dvora sa ugarskim,
24:16kroz brak predstavlja naslednika Dragutina sa ugarskom princezom.
24:21Upravo tih istih godina, znači 1269. i 1270.
24:26Karlo Anžujski uspostavlja veze sobstvene dinastije sa ugarskom kraljevskom kućom.
24:33Tom ugarskom trasom dolazi i do povezivanja Srbije i ove anti-vizantiske koalicije koja se okuplja oko Karla Anžujskog.
24:44Mihael Osmi je shvatio da je ključni akter u ovoj anti-vizantiskoj koaliciji zapravo papstvo.
25:07Naime, on je papstvu ponudio da lično i sa svojim narodom, sa svojim crkvom prizna papsku suprematiju u okviru hrišćanskog
25:18sveta.
25:18Da pristane na ono što obično nazivamo uniju ili sjedinjenje crkava pod papskim vrhovnim autoritetom.
25:27Kao posledica toga, ofanzivne akcije ovog vojnog krila anti-vizantijskog saveza su prosto stavljene na čekanje.
25:36A to naročito dolazi do izražaja nakon što je 1274. na crkvenom saboru zapadne crkve u Lijonu izaslanstvo koje je
25:47uputio vizantijski car prihvatilo uniju, prihvatilo podčinjavanje papstvu i pružilo garantije da će istu isprovesti u praksi.
26:00Kralj Dragutin nalazio se u krugu neprijatelja Vizantije, a njegovi vojni odredi ratovali su na teritoriji Vizantiske Makedonije.
26:08Ono što je izvesno to je da je tokom svoje samostalne vladavine između 76. i 81. kralj Dragutin vodio jednu
26:18prijateljsku politiku u odnosu na zapad.
26:21Reć je o posebnom statusu koji su imali Dubrovčani. Reć je o njegovom pridruživanju jednoj širokoj anti-Vizantiskoj koaliciji koju
26:31je predvodio Karlo Anžujski.
26:33Zato što su prosto južu italijanski Anžujci bili i u vreme uroša prvog saveznici, zato što su to bili Jelenini
26:43rođeci.
26:43Mi imamo na jednom mestu podatak da je sestrom naziva Karlo Anžujski itd.
26:50U jednom trenutku kraljica Jelena zajedno sa oba sina poklanja papi jednu veliku ikonu svetog Nikole koja se čuva u
27:03Bariju i koja sadrži portrete donatora.
27:07Dakle, kraljica Jelene i njena dva sina i nadpis sveduči da su obojica sa titulom kralja.
27:14Dakle, ti odnosi sa zapadom su nastavili da budu dobri.
27:21Nakon preuzimanja vlasti 1276. godine, kralj Dragutin se u međunarodno političkom planu našao u zanimljivoj situaciji.
27:35On sam bio je zet ugarske kraljevske porodice uz čiju pomoć je i došao na vlast i svrgnuo oca.
27:44Međutim, u tom trenutku u Ugarskoj je nakon smrti Stefana V, to je Dragutinov tast, na vlast došao Stefanov sin,
27:59Ladislav IV.
28:00koji je tokom tih prvi godina još bio maloletan i nije bio u situaciji da preuzme u potpunosti uzde vlasti
28:10u svoje ruki.
28:11Možemo da pretpostavimo da je to davalo neku, da kažemo, veću slobodu Dragutinu u spoljašnjim nastupima.
28:21Ipak ono što je ostalo na snazi je bila ta povezanost sa Ugarskom kraljevskom kućom i već nasledđena iz poslednjih
28:29godina Uroševe vladavine
28:31povezanost sa onim krugovima na zapadu koji su nastojali da obnove u Carigradu Latinsko carstvo.
28:40U nastojanju da spreči formiranje širokog fronta, usmerenog na obnovu Rimokatoličkog Latinskog carstva u Konstantinopolju,
28:48car Mihajlo VIII, paleolog, usredsredio se na pregovore sa papom.
28:53Das wichtigere Ereignis war dann 1274 die Union unter den Paleologen von Dion, die dort durchgesetzt werden sollte
29:05und wo sich auch die damalige Herrscher eben Michael VIII von Byzans, Michael VIII Paleologos, der wollte das auch akzeptieren,
29:22weil er musste sich der Versuche der Anjou erwehren, die immer seitdem die Byzantiner 1261 Konstantinopel erobert hatten,
29:36entstand ja die Gegenbewegung, auch der kirchlich gestützt durch die Dominikaner vor allem
29:42und auch durch die Anjou vor allem, dass man einen neuen Kreuzzug entfacht, um jetzt dieses wiederverlorene Konstantinopel.
29:56Donc le pouvoir de Michel VIII est tellement en danger que l'une des solutions, la principale solution finalement qu
30:04'il trouve,
30:05c'est d'entrer en négociation pour parler avec la papauté.
30:10Le pape propose à l'empereur byzantin, à l'empereur, et non pas au patriarche, une profession de foi que
30:18l'empereur pourrait ratifier, pourrait accepter.
30:21Et si c'est le cas, si l'empereur accepte cette profession de foi, il peut y avoir un accord,
30:29et un accord y compris en concile.
30:31Et de son côté, l'empereur byzantin, lui doit négocier avec son Eglise pour obtenir quand même l'assentiment de
30:40l'Eglise à cette démarche.
30:42Et c'est là que les choses commencent à devenir compliquées.
30:45Parce que l'empereur a un certain discours envers le pape, et un discours qui n'est pas forcément le
30:51même envers son Eglise.
30:53Planovi za obnovo latinskog carstva vojnim putem su, na neki način, stavljeni na čekanje,
31:00nakon 1274. godine, nakon što je vizantinski car Mihajlo VIII na saboru u Lyonu prihvatio uniju sa katoličkom crkvom.
31:09Mais à l'heure, il pouvait s'améliorer avec l'assentiment de l'Eglise à cette démarche de l'Eglise
31:16à l'Eglise à l'Eglise à l'Eglise à l'Eglise à l'Eglise à l'Eglise à l
31:26'Eglise à l'Eglise.
31:41Il y a une partie de l'Eglise, de la hiérarchie ecclésiastique, qui, bien sûr, ils avaient signé le document,
31:52mais qui explique que ce n'est pas possible d'être vraiment en communion avec l'Eglise à l'Eglise
31:57à l'Eglise,
32:03à Constantinople, et l'Eglise, Michel VIII, nomme un nouveau patriarche, qui est chargé d'enteriner l'Union.
32:12Mais il est face à une opposition un peu multiforme, c'est-à-dire qu'une partie de la hiérarchie
32:20ecclésiastique
32:20s'oppose à une Union qu'ils avaient pourtant acceptée sur le papier,
32:27mais qu'ils refusent une fois que vraiment l'Union a été conclue.
32:31Et ça, à l'heure de l'évage, de l'
32:37but at the end, he had the Union through, but he did not.
32:44This led to the renewal of the plan for the western weapons
32:52against Byzantians and the Carigrad.
32:55Karlo Anžujski did not come out of the plan to get the Byzantines and the Latin Empire.
33:03In the 1881th century, at the Pope's house in Orvieto,
33:07when it was already seen that the Union did not bring the fruits of the United States,
33:12Karlo Anžujski made the agreement with the Mlechen and the Pope,
33:18trying to, in some way, to the 4th Christian War,
33:25namely, to the Amaletic Wars, to the Carigrad, to Constantinople,
33:31and in a war period, he made the domination of Latin Christianity,
33:37and this was also the dynasty of Anžujac in the Christian East.
33:40From the Serbian region, it is very interesting and indicative
33:45that in the weeks of the settlement of Orvieto,
33:52during the spring of the 1881th century,
33:58on the Anžujski, or the Južno-Italijansk,
34:01the Serbian message.
34:04In the first place,
34:05the first place,
34:06the first place,
34:08the first place,
34:10the famous knez George,
34:12who is remembered
34:12at the time of the Serbian and Anžujskog Dvore,
34:17during the time of the Kralja Uroša.
34:18In the first place,
34:21which is very interesting,
34:23is also a female female.
34:25It is the sister of Serbian Kraljice,
34:28the mother of the time of Jelene,
34:29the mother of the Kralja Uroša,
34:32and the mother of the Kralja Dragutina,
34:35Maria.
34:38She was used to a high-ranking family
34:42of the Latinx Carst,
34:45who, after the release of the Latinx Carst,
34:49went to the Južno-Italijansk,
34:50and put it in the service of the Karla Anžujskog
34:52and his protivizantinsk plans.
34:54It is interesting
34:54that such a person
34:56is expressed as a witness
35:00of this message
35:01that he fights in the city of Karla Anžujskog,
35:05in the eyes of the meeting
35:07of the very significant message
35:09in the Orvijetu.
35:10On the basis of the Serbian message
35:11of Karla Anžujskog in Orvijetu,
35:16we can conclude
35:17that the Serbian Dvor
35:18was very well equipped
35:21in the Kraljice plans,
35:23and, certainly,
35:25that he had a role in those plans.
35:30And it ends up
35:32where it begins,
35:34in the land of that Trinacija,
35:37which is called Sicilia,
35:39when the people
35:40are facing the Trinacijan
35:41against the Fruškog king, Karla,
35:44and the plans of his
35:45anti-Vizantinske koalicije
35:46and the plans of his
35:48anti-Vizantinske koalicije
35:48are in the Orvijetu.
35:50The plans of the anti-Vizantinske koalicije
35:54are in the Orvijetu
35:56in July of 1981,
35:58which have understood
35:58the progress of the plan
36:00in the spring of the next year,
36:03are, for many,
36:04completely unexpected,
36:05as a storm from the sky,
36:06in the Neba,
36:07are,
36:08one of the most significant events
36:11in the Mediterranean history
36:13of this period,
36:15the 13th and 14th century.
36:18It was a project
36:19that was executed in Sicilia
36:21against the power of Karl Anžujskog,
36:24a project known as
36:25the Sicilijansko-Večernje.
36:27However, this event
36:28had its previous history
36:31and its preparation
36:33which was very interesting.
36:36The entire Karlova's project
36:38was quite exploitative.
36:41He was very efficiently
36:44to remove
36:45the unrighteous
36:48and the donations
36:48that he needed
36:49from his new documents.
36:52All this happened
36:53that,
36:53among the Sicilijansk
36:55the majority,
36:58the return
36:59to the power of
37:02of the previous
37:04ladars
37:05from the dynasty
37:06Hoenstaufen.
37:07One of these
37:08companions
37:08had also
37:10the ability
37:12to take
37:13one such
37:14operation.
37:15It was
37:16the Aragons king
37:17Pedro
37:18or
37:19Petar III.
37:21The King of Aragons
37:22was hit
37:24with the today's
37:26southern areas
37:27of Spain.
37:28and
37:29the
37:30army
37:30could
37:32help
37:33the troops
37:34in Sicily.
37:35But
37:35also,
37:36his fingers
37:38in the whole
37:40situation
37:40and the
37:41disappointment
37:42on Sicily
37:43was also
37:44the
37:45the
37:45the
37:45the
37:46the
37:46the
37:46the
37:46the
37:46the
37:46in the
37:47cargo
37:49the
37:50the
37:50layout
37:50the
37:54allow
37:57to
37:59fix it.
38:01and, in fact, it is a video of sicilijanskos nezadovoljstva to achieve.
38:06The time is talking about the significant amount of money
38:12that is from Carigrada in the hands of sicilijanskos nezadovoljstva
38:18and also a lot of their own nezadovoljstva.
38:20From that time, it was coming to the end of March of 1982,
38:24after that, between the French troops that were stationed in Sicilij
38:29and the local establishment, it had come to the incident of weapons attacks.
39:18The incident was captured by the entire island, and it was quickly cleared by the representatives of the French war.
39:25The incident was captured by the entire island, and it was quickly cleared by the representatives of the French war
39:25and administrative power.
39:28That cooperation with the representatives of Kavlova's power in Sicily was extremely difficult.
39:36The French soldiers survived and tried to stop Sicily in parks and roads.
39:45However, the Sicilians controlled all these roads.
39:48There is a story that from all the people who had been left, they wanted to speak a word, Ciciri.
39:59It is a Sicilian name for a kind of mahunar, Sočivo, which was used in Sicily.
40:07However, it was a word that no one French could not speak.
40:13And, of course, when the Sicilian soldiers discovered that way,
40:20the Sicilians were thrown out of the road or there on the face of the place.
40:26They killed them, so very little of Karlo's soldiers and the general representatives of their own power
40:32managed to save them from Sicily.
40:53After that they were successfully released this place, the Sicilians were invited to help the Aragons king,
41:01which was deployed to the fleet.
41:03And then, their arrival to Sicily was actually the beginning of the Anžujsko-Aragonskog rata,
41:09which is called the War for Sicily,
41:12or, often in the historiography, the War for Sicily,
41:16which will, during the next two decades,
41:19attract various other actors,
41:22the Anžujsko-Aragonskog kraljevina
41:29and the Aragonskog kraljevina.
41:33The inevitable result of this place was the delay on a certain time
41:40of a planned trip to the Carigrad.
41:44And, of course, the role that Serbia had to be taken to the plan on a trip to the point,
41:53was to the point of question.
41:55While the agent of the car Mihajla Paleologa in Sicily prepared an appointment against the king of Karla Anžojskog,
42:02an extraordinary fall of the king of Dragutina,
42:05the event that will dramatically affect the fate of the Serbian king.
42:12How can we now be reconstructed in the end of 1981,
42:16in the past few months, Dragutin, unfortunately,
42:21along with his own village, fell down with a horse.
42:27The disappointment that he experienced under the Jelač,
42:31caused a little excitement in the circles around the Serbian dynasty.
42:35Dragutin, as far as possible, was the king of the Ugrac king of the time,
42:41and, in fact, the situation that he suffered a tough threat
42:45that he was willing to lead,
42:49or even if he was willing to lead,
42:52he was willing to lead to the danger of the Serbian country
42:56and that he was willing to lead to the danger of the Serbian country
42:58with the possible of the Serbian country,
43:02that was important to the United States of the time,
43:11This was a very unusual situation in which the kingdom was found.
43:16The decision was found in the palace and in the division of the kingdom.
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