00:10One hundred and twenty-five million years ago, winter rages across the north.
00:26Entire species have been pushed to the brink.
00:40Even the largest dinosaurs are unable to endure this cold.
00:52Like these sauropods migrating south.
01:04Wreda came early this year and caught them off guard.
01:19With hundreds of kilometers ahead of them, this time it will be an especially harsh journey.
01:33But the bitter cold is not the only danger in this frozen land.
01:41There is a much greater threat here in these woods.
02:06Euteranus, the Snow King.
02:13An early relative of T-Rex.
02:20With a thick, insulating coat of feathers, he's perfectly adapted for life in a world this cold.
02:35But his feathers also serve a more sinister purpose.
02:46An early relative of T-Rex.
02:47Camouflage.
02:49The ultimate weapon for an ambush hunter.
03:22The first weapon for an ambush hunter.
03:30I don't know.
03:52In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will fall.
04:06But through it all, the dinosaurs will expand their empire and advance relentlessly to seize Earth's final frontiers.
04:32In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will rise.
04:51In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise.
05:46It's a new age for life on Earth.
05:52An age of extremes.
05:56New worlds are forming that will give rise to the most famous dinosaurs of all time.
06:10The North is still gripped by cold, but not for much longer.
06:23Earth's most violent forces are staring once again.
06:33Volcanoes seethe and fume, warming the planet.
06:52But some will pay a price for this warmer world.
06:57Earth's most violent.
06:57I don't know.
07:45As global temperatures continue to rise, the snow and ice all but disappear.
08:00Huge meltwater rivers tear through the land.
08:10This thawing of the north is expanding the dinosaur's empire even further, and in surprising
08:22new ways.
08:31In this fresh, fertile landscape, sauropods no longer need to migrate.
08:39But it's also a new world for one of the dinosaur's oldest rivals, the pterosaurs.
08:51They are now bigger and badder than ever.
09:01Including Grey Draco, the ghost dragon.
09:13But he's an intruder here.
09:21Because these trees are the home of longipteryx, a new kind of dinosaur.
09:31Less than 20 centimeters tall, but highly territorial.
09:38Especially during nesting season.
09:55They're also equipped to take on the pterosaurs.
10:03Now they, too, can fly.
10:16In a previous era, flying dinosaurs like Ancyonis could only glide.
10:25Now they're able to flap their wings and maneuver with precision to strike at their enemies.
10:43They're fast and fearless.
10:58It only gets worse for the towering pterosaur.
11:04Because longipteryx are distant cousins of you, Tyrannus, the Snow King.
11:12They're armed with the teeth and claws of their clan.
11:28After ruling the skies since the Triassic, pterosaurs are now being matched by the dinosaurs.
11:46But as the dinosaurs fight to expand their empire into the air, an even greater revolution lies ahead.
12:06Not in the mountains, or the skies, or the oceans, the biggest twist in Earth's tale is unfolding quietly, almost
12:22in secret.
12:23The world doesn't belong to them, all around the world.
12:27Seven million years later, this new force is slowly rewriting the dinosaur story.
12:50This is one of the first flowers this forest has ever seen, just one, in a vast and diverse
13:02new generation of plants, and they will become a phenomenon with the help of a close ally, beetles.
13:23They carry pollen from one flower to the next, nature's most reliable delivery service, helping
13:45these new plants spread far and wide across the globe, transforming the dinosaur's empire.
14:12But this new generation of plants has a dark side.
14:25While they need to attract pollinators, many are also evolved to repel herbivores.
14:37With spines, thorns, and poisons, nature's defensive weapons.
14:58This green revolution changes everything for the plant-eating dinosaurs, including the great stegosaurs.
15:21They are herd animals by nature, but this young stegosaur, barely two years old, is all alone.
15:39She is the last of her herd.
15:54To eat these tougher new plants requires mouthful and chew food, in a way her primitive jaw
16:02is all the same.
16:11She is starving.
16:27She is starving.
16:29Herbivores are unable to adapt to this new world.
16:41It's one reason why their 50 million year existence
16:45will come to an end.
16:49Extinction.
16:59But in the wake of the Stegosaur's demise,
17:03a new era will emerge.
17:11Over the next 15 million years,
17:15these new plants evolve and diversify,
17:21spreading across the planet
17:24and ever further into the dinosaur's empire.
17:36The Green Revolution now covers the globe.
17:42And not just the land,
17:45but the water as well.
17:53Even providing cover and food
17:57for underwater explorers,
18:05like ankylosaurs.
18:27This bathing beauty is a different kind of dinosaur.
18:39He's a plant eater, like the Stegosaurs,
18:44but a fancier one.
18:46Much fancier.
18:54Because unlike the Stegosaurs,
18:58his advanced jaw can crush food
19:02in a way that makes eating any kind of plant easy.
19:09It's the perfect adaptation for this diverse new world.
19:22He wants to take full advantage
19:24of all this great kingdom has to offer.
19:30and he has a plan.
19:41It's a long trek.
19:46But the journey is worth it.
20:07This is the one place where he can truly be himself.
20:22His passion is singing.
20:33He even has special olives in his snout
20:36that amplify his song.
20:44So it can be heard far and wide.
20:51You see it.
21:03The Keeper believe in the world
21:04is the one place where,
21:05why he's one place where he was moving.
21:05and a woman could walk away.
21:05He's one of his big animals.
21:06This is the one place where he was on the new.
21:07He was a girl.
21:07He's a man.
21:08He has a man.
21:08I think the name is the name of the world.
21:10He said a man.
21:11He's a man.
21:14He's been a man.
21:17I think there's a woman's name.
21:31A female has answered his call.
21:37It's time to charm her with his deep, sultry humming.
21:49Then, he shows her his stylish armor.
22:04It's all very persuasive.
22:27Their fancy attire does have some drawbacks, mind you.
22:35On the whole, though, heavy armor and an improved jaw are setting them up for success.
22:50But what no dinosaur could possibly know is that their empire has been gradually shrinking.
23:04Hidden below the waves, this world, once ruled by dinosaurs, is now completely out of their
23:18reach.
23:25And there's a reason.
23:32At the very bottom of the ocean, a slow, imperceptible shift reshaping the planet.
23:51The seabed is fracturing from an endless progression of eruptions.
24:25Earth's tectonic plates are shifting.
24:29Breaking apart the ocean floor, lifting it higher over millions of years.
24:42The water above has nowhere else to go but up.
24:49By the middle of the Cretaceous, sea levels reach their highest point in history.
24:55Over 200 meters higher than they are today.
25:18The rising oceans repaint the map of the world, erasing entire land masses.
25:30The continent of Europe is reduced to a giant archipelago that includes the Isle of Herzig.
25:45A world where isolation and evolution have created a kind of neverland for the dinosaurs.
25:55A world where normal rules don't apply.
26:05This is the home of Magyarosaurus, a sauropod.
26:15And, like other sauropods, he uses his long neck to reach the highest vegetation.
26:33Thing is, this vegetation is only two meters tall.
26:41Which makes Magyarosaurus about the size of a pony.
27:03On Hatzegg, where there's limited space and food, sometimes smaller is better.
27:27But unlike Magyarosaurus, for predators, digger is still better.
27:49As tall as a giraffe, one of the largest pterosaurs to ever live.
28:00Magyarosaurusosaurus, one of the most for the most for the most for the most for the most.
28:01The nightmare Hatzegopteryx.
28:04The nightmare Hatzegopteryx.
28:10She's flown to this island to feed on dinosaurs.
28:25The youngest member of the herd gets separated, but it won't be an easy catch.
28:41Unlike his giant cousins, he's right on his feet.
29:12But being this small, he can't see the others.
29:24They found a safe hiding spot, perfect for their size.
30:09I don't know.
30:12I don't know.
30:56I don't know.
31:12But tiny dinosaurs, trapped on an island, has nowhere else to go.
31:31But in a world so divided by the ocean, evolution takes different turns in different places.
31:4996 million years ago, sea levels are close to the highest they've ever been.
32:06Creating a water world that no dinosaur has dared to enter.
32:19But that's about to change.
32:35Lurking in this mangrove swamp is a carnivore that has specially evolved to take on the final frontier.
32:56A dinosaur pioneer.
33:12Spinosaurus.
33:13Spinosaurus.
33:17Spinosaurus.
33:19Spinosaurus.
33:20The largest predator to ever walk the Earth.
33:26Spinosaurus.
33:30Spinosaurus.
33:32Spinosaurus.
33:38Spinosaurus.
33:41Spinosaurus.
33:43provides plenty of prey but another reason she's gotten this big is because
33:53of where she goes to escape the gloom of the swamp
34:14here the high sea levels have turned the oceans into a new hunting ground for
34:20the dinosaurs where bigger is definitely better
34:53spinosaurus is adapted to a planet that is now mostly ocean and in this age some of the largest
35:04prey is here in the water
35:23sharks
35:29in a flat-out chase between a shark and a giant dog paddling dinosaur the shark will always win
35:42but there's more to spinosaurus than meets the eye
35:53dinosaurs aren't just becoming bigger
35:57some are cunning too
36:01she's going to make the sharks come to her
36:15her snout is wired with sensors that can detect the slightest movement
36:26now all she needs to do
36:30is keep completely still
36:48the best hunters are the patient ones
36:55and her patience is starting to pay off
37:06the blood in the water is drawing the sharks closer
37:10the blood in the water is drawing the sharks closer
37:10I don't know.
37:54She doesn't move.
38:00She knows how this game is played.
38:23Brains and brawn, a killer combination that is finally letting the dinosaurs get a foothold
38:35in the ocean.
38:45Their reach is now global and extends to the very ends of the Earth.
38:57To what will one day be Antarctica.
39:11While Spinosaurus is stalking the shallow seas and the tropics, the world's southernmost
39:19landmass is not the frozen wilderness we know today.
39:26It's a green, flourishing Eden.
39:36Where even in the dark, evolution is lighting the way.
39:51And thriving in the darkness are the dinosaurs.
40:09By this stage in the late Cretaceous, their empire is so vast that they now dominate every continent
40:19on Earth.
40:29And yet, while their reign is global, and their rule almost unchallenged, their story will take
40:45a dark turn.
40:51To be continued...
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