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00:14a highly effective military leader
00:16but we basically concentrated our story
00:18on Lincoln's political skills
00:20Lincoln never lost the ability
00:22to make things happen through compromise
00:25the thing he had the most faith in
00:27was the democratic process
00:29and when it's working it can bring about
00:31revolutionary changes
00:32especially when you're a leader like Lincoln
00:34who listened to and believed in the people
00:39we focused only on the last four months
00:41of Lincoln's life
00:42because we wanted to show Lincoln
00:43and accomplishing something great
00:45something really monumental
00:46and that was abolishing slavery
00:48and ending the civil war
00:49we also wanted to show that he was a man
00:52not a monument
00:53and our best hope of understanding
00:55and doing justice to this immensely complicated person
00:59was to depict his fight to pass the 13th amendment
01:02on the floor of the house representative
01:06Congress must never declare equal
01:08those whom God created unequal
01:12you're going to try to pass the amendment
01:14to abolish slavery
01:16no one's loved as much as you
01:18by the people
01:19don't waste that power
01:22by choosing the last four months of the war
01:25you get not only a beginning, a middle and end
01:28to an incredibly thrilling question
01:30of whether the 13th amendment
01:31is going to pass the Congress
01:33but it also means that Lincoln
01:35has to weigh in his soul
01:36that the war might be extended
01:38as a result of this process
01:40he knows that that's important
01:42for the long run
01:43but everybody who dies
01:44in the meantime
01:44he has to feel as a personal responsibility
01:48think of all the boys who die
01:49if you don't make peace
01:53Lincoln first signed
01:54the Emancipation Proclamation
01:56as a war document
01:57the only reason it was legal
01:59was that he could argue
02:01that slaves were being used
02:02by the Confederates
02:03to help in the military battles
02:05the Emancipation Proclamation
02:07was handy at the time
02:09it was very shaky
02:09even of questionable legality
02:11once the war came to an end
02:14what would happen to the slaves
02:16then he knew the next phase
02:17had to be the 13th amendment
02:19a lot of people think
02:21that the Emancipation Proclamation
02:23was the greatest act
02:25of Lincoln's political life
02:26but the 13th amendment
02:28was one of the most important events
02:30in American history
02:31because what's more important
02:32than abolishing slavery
02:33for all time
02:35I can't end this war
02:37until we cure ourselves of slavery
02:40this amendment is that cure
02:43the script deals with the machinations
02:46of a moment in history
02:48of what it took
02:49the back rooms
02:50the wheelings and dealings
02:52the compromises
02:53all that went into pushing through
02:55one of the most important amendments
02:58to the Constitution ever
03:00the long view
03:01that he had
03:03was something
03:04very few people
03:05can live with
03:06does the end
03:07justify the means
03:08a lot of people
03:10lost their lives
03:10to get that amendment passed
03:12it is a very interesting story
03:14these votes
03:15must be procured
03:16congressman come cheap
03:17few thousand bucks
03:18buy all you need
03:19we can't
03:20buy the votes
03:21you see what you can do
03:23did Lincoln overreach
03:25his authority
03:25as president
03:26there are certainly
03:27gray areas
03:28in the balance of powers
03:29Lincoln stretched
03:30these powers
03:31in unprecedented ways
03:33and he occasionally
03:34went beyond
03:35where he knew
03:36the courts would follow
03:37I think there's an argument
03:38to whether some
03:39or all
03:40of what he did
03:41was actually necessary
03:42though
03:42we believe
03:43history's verdict
03:44declines
03:45in Lincoln's favor
03:47abolishing slavery
03:48settles the fate
03:49for the millions
03:50now in bondage
03:52and unborn
03:53millions to come
03:57when you watch
03:58the way in which
03:59Lincoln finessed
04:00the question of slavery
04:02you see somebody
04:03who with a kind
04:04of unbelievable
04:04mastery
04:05understands
04:06how to move
04:08the population
04:09through talking
04:10and through legislation
04:11and action
04:12it's the man himself
04:14that invites you
04:15because he was so open
04:17and that was
04:18one of the most
04:19beautiful surprises
04:20it was him
04:21that put me at my ease
04:22and gave me
04:23the thought
04:24that well maybe
04:25I could try to do this
04:29today we will vote
04:30you insult God
04:32to fight like this
04:33is to the death
04:36I am the president
04:38of the United States
04:40clothed in immense power
04:42oh
04:44when I was
04:46I
04:46and
04:51and
04:57and
04:58Grazie.
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