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At the India Today AI Summit, key technology and policy leaders convened to outline India's strategy in the global artificial intelligence race.
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00:00Hello and welcome to this India Today AI Summit Special, a summit being held on the sidelines of the Mega
00:08AI Global Summit in the national capital, the first of its kind being held in the country.
00:15We'll have our special focus where top voices from the world of AI in India and across the world are
00:23joining us. But first, let's turn to the headlines of the day.
00:30Embarrassment at the AI Summit after a Noida-based Galvotia University claims a Chinese robo-dog as their own. The
00:40university is forced to apologize and vacate the premises. The government says focus on the big picture where thousands of
00:50startups are showing their innovative skills.
00:57Opposition leader Rahul Gandhi slams the AI Impact Summit in the national capital, calls it a disorganized PR spectacle, claims
01:08Indian data is up for sale at the summit.
01:15New CCTV shows Delhi teens over-speeding SUV seconds before running over a biker. Another video shows accused Miner and
01:26his sister being confronted by locals.
01:34The Shiv Sena UBT in its editorial mouthpiece Samna asks the opposition alliance to wake up ahead of elections in
01:42several states, pushes to consider Mamata Banerjee or Stalin to lead the alliance.
01:51The battle for Tamil Nadu heats up. Tamil Nadu chief minister Stalin pushes for state autonomy, asserts that states continue
01:58to struggle for funds and powers within India's federal framework.
02:05Film director Rohit Shetty's firing probe widens Mumbai Police Crime Branch recovers weapon used in the incident. Weapons sent to
02:14FSL for ballistic analysis.
02:19The security forces launched Operation Black Forest 2 against Naxals in Chhattisgarh. During Operation Black Forest 1, forces had killed
02:2831 Naxals carrying a bounty of over 1.7 crore.
02:35Videos of Pakistan's hockey team stranded in Australia go viral. Team captain claims players allegedly forced to wash dishes due
02:43to accommodation issues leading to poor performance. Pakistan's Prime Minister orders a probe.
02:52And Jammu and Kashmir script a slice of cricket history in the Ranji Trophy reach their maiden final with a
02:59six-wicket win over Bengal.
03:01They will play Karnataka in the final.
03:09AI race grips the world.
03:18AI to add 1.7 trillion dollars to India's economy by 2035.
03:31Another industrial revolution under way.
03:42AI job killer or efficiency builder.
03:53Skilling at scale, the biggest challenge.
04:03How to bridge the AI divide.
04:13India Today AI Summit.
04:18So let's start with our special focus today.
04:21The AI Summit.
04:23The big summit that's grabbed all the headlines for the right and wrong reasons in the national capital.
04:31The big question that I've posed at the India Today AI Summit is quite simply this.
04:38Is India's AI push the real deal or is it more about hype?
04:45That's the question I want to kick off this AI special with Amitabh Khan, former CEO Neeti Aiyog.
04:53Someone who knows a thing or two about organizing mega events.
04:58Listen in.
05:05Please give a big hand to Amitabh Khan, one of the country's most distinguished bureaucrats and government officers.
05:12Good to have you.
05:14I'm going to provoke you a bit.
05:16A couple of years ago, the G20 was held in India.
05:20Went completely smoothly.
05:22Everyone had raving reviews.
05:24On the other hand, the AI Summit, at least on day one, led to some criticism of chaos.
05:31The crowds were too much, not being handled well enough.
05:35How important is that?
05:36When you stage an event of this on scale, you need to get your event management right.
05:43I'm asking you that because you've worn that hat in the past.
05:47Do you believe that's an unfair criticism given the scale of what is being attempted?
05:52The first time an AI Summit is being held in the global south.
05:58Rajdeep, I've been there for two days.
06:00There's been a huge energy and tremendous amount of vibrancy there.
06:05I think the number of people, especially young people of India who've gathered there for this AI Summit has just
06:13been overwhelming.
06:15I think there were some challenges on the first day, but by the second day, it's smoothened out a lot.
06:19I did two sessions yesterday.
06:22It was absolute, there was absolute smoothness all over.
06:28So I think probably the first day, there's too many young people with a lot of interest in AI who
06:33had descended.
06:34But by yesterday, everything had settled down.
06:36I'm asking you, would you have done it anywhere differently?
06:38Would you have ensured that it was far more targeted?
06:41Maybe two days where you just focused on expertise in AI and then maybe two days opened it up to
06:46the masses?
06:47So, you know, I thought probably the exhibition should have been to the consumers, everybody.
06:54Open up the exhibition because it has a huge learning experience for the students, everyone.
07:00And do a little tighter business to business meetings and the interactions and the meeting rooms could have been a
07:10little business to business.
07:11But we all, you know, I mean, there's been so much of interest by university students, colleges, etc.
07:17Such vast interest that probably we didn't anticipate that so many people will come to participate in the AI summit.
07:25Which brings me to my question.
07:27The energy of India, its young entrepreneurs, its startups, its innovators is undoubted.
07:33You know, we have terrific young engineers with all kinds of ideas.
07:39But which is why I ask you, can this AI revolution be led by the state government, i.e. bureaucracy?
07:46Or must it be left to these young innovators, give them far more autonomy, just be there to enable them
07:53rather than direct them?
07:54Is that really the challenge?
07:56So the key to AI...
07:59Why should an IS officer decide rather than a young innovator?
08:02No, no, I totally agree with you.
08:03I'm going to second what you are saying, that an AI revolution can only be fueled by cutting-edge entrepreneurs,
08:12not by ministers or not by civil servants like me.
08:17What an AI revolution requires is basically three things.
08:20Great talent, great opening up of data sets, and allowing computing power to flow to them.
08:28What you are seeing is examples of Servam doing multilingual models, etc.
08:33Is because the government has acted as a facilitator to provide them computing power.
08:39But it's their entrepreneurship.
08:41The government opens up a vast amount of data through AI coach.
08:45So the more you open it up, the better it is to create large language models and small language models.
08:51And that will enable India to drive the AI revolution forward.
08:55There are two critical things.
08:56One is that...
09:00If you look at the western part of the world, there's huge computing power.
09:04If you look at the new working operation of OpenAI with NVIDIA,
09:09it talks about 11 gigawatt of power, which is 5 million computing power.
09:14So the government's job is really to see that many of these young entrepreneurs get more and more of GPUs,
09:20more and more of computing power.
09:21That the government has to act as a facilitator.
09:24But enterprise, really, disruption has to come from startups.
09:30The reason I'm asking you this again, Mr. Khan,
09:32is there have been two models that seemingly dominate the world of AI.
09:36One is the Chinese model, centralized, authoritarian,
09:39but seemingly very successful at the moment because they were early investors in the AI project.
09:45And you've got the American model, the Bay Area model,
09:48which is driven purely by private entrepreneurship and innovation.
09:52What is the model that you believe is best suited for India?
09:56So the Indian model has to be based on digital public infrastructure for artificial intelligence.
10:04Because you can't create a digital divide.
10:07The western world, the Bay Area, is creating a huge digital divide.
10:12America is the only country in the world which holds 26% of the GDP of the world
10:17and 50% of the market capitalization with 4% of the population,
10:23but 70% of the people do not have a safety net.
10:26You can't have AI as a new technology worsening the digital divide.
10:31India must ensure that we are able to make it affordable,
10:35we are able to make it accessible,
10:37we are able to make it multilingual.
10:39If AI is tomorrow not able to work on low bandwidth,
10:44if it is limited to the English language,
10:47it is not fit for purpose.
10:49And therefore, India's job is to provide the safeguards,
10:52the rail guards, which make it open source,
10:55open API, globally interoperable,
10:57but ensure that we are able to provide AI as a commodity
11:01for all Indians in different languages
11:04and provide voice over text for all Indians
11:08to make AI accessible.
11:10That's fascinating, again,
11:12because if you want AI accessible to 100 billion people,
11:16just the sheer size of it,
11:17that requires enormous computing power,
11:20which in turn needs energy and data infrastructure.
11:23How do you build that energy and data infrastructure overnight?
11:27Is a tax holiday of the kind that the budget has given
11:29to set up large data centers enough,
11:32or do you need to do much more?
11:33So let me come to the next point,
11:35which is about doing it sustainably.
11:38Much of what is being driven as AI today
11:41is being driven by fossil fuel across the world.
11:44India is the opportunity,
11:46because India is the only country in the world
11:47which has about 260 gigawatt of renewable energy.
11:50India has the climatic conditions to do it.
11:54India is the only country today in the world
11:57which has one grid across the country.
11:59And India has opened up the small modular reactor
12:03for the private sectors.
12:04Therefore, my belief is that AI,
12:09which is a big guzzler of energy
12:11and today consumes more energy than the country of Japan,
12:15requires sustainable energy.
12:17It requires clean energy.
12:18It requires renewable energy in small modular reactors.
12:21It requires smartening up your transmission and grid.
12:25It requires the climatic conditions to do it.
12:27It requires young entrepreneurship to push this in a bigger way.
12:31No other country is poised to do it in a sustainable manner better than India.
12:36India is best positioned to do it because of its climatic conditions.
12:39Yeah, but that's going to take time.
12:41And, you know, it's not going to happen overnight.
12:43So are we going to end up playing catch-up to the Chinese and the Americans?
12:46I mean, will China and America lead the world when it comes to AI innovation
12:50and we simply try and get onto the bandwagon sooner rather than later?
12:56Can we be a leader at all?
12:57Or are we simply playing catch-up
13:00and are long distance away from really being a serious AI player?
13:04So, Rajdi, first and foremost, get this very clear,
13:07absolutely clear in your mind,
13:09that the battle for technology is never, never won by the first mover.
13:15Clive Osborne did the first laptop.
13:19He went bust.
13:21The battle was won by Apple in the long run.
13:24They were not the first mover.
13:27Alta Vista did the first internet.
13:30They never won the battle.
13:32The battle was won by Google.
13:35And therefore, Alta Vista was sold out as a non-performing asset.
13:39So the battle for technology is fought over long term.
13:42And therefore, talent, skills, and data,
13:47and backed by good computing power,
13:50was a long-term game.
13:51And that is without talent, without skills, and without data.
13:56Today, what is happening is that Indian data is fueling many of the Western models.
14:01For Servum to become better and better as a multilingual model,
14:06it needs to be fueled by Indian data.
14:08It gets more and more sophisticated with Indian data.
14:11And therefore, data is key, skills are key,
14:15and you need to look at a long-term perspective,
14:17and not a perspective of today.
14:19Yeah, but they are building the foundational models.
14:21They've already built the foundational models.
14:23Do we compete with them in that space?
14:25So India is building 10 large language models,
14:28which are being supported by the government of India with computing power,
14:34and many more smaller applications are being done.
14:37Much of this battle will play out.
14:39So it's not catch-up?
14:40No, no.
14:40Much of this battle will be played out in the next 12 to 18 months.
14:44The important thing, Rajdeep, is also that you have to use much more sophisticated software
14:50with limited computing power.
14:52You have to do an optimization of computing power,
14:56which is what the Chinese are presently doing.
14:59They are not using the latest Blackwell.
15:02In fact, the Chinese government stopped NVIDIA's latest Blackwell model.
15:06They are saying we'll do it with limited computing power, but better software.
15:10Nobody has the better sophisticated software skills than the Indians have.
15:14Nobody has the data which India has.
15:16Nobody has the trained manpower which India has.
15:19Okay, let me ask you, therefore, in conclusion,
15:21it's a question that we are asking all our panelists at this India Today AI Summit,
15:25which is quite simply this.
15:27And you were honest enough to accept that there is the real fear
15:30that this AI revolution in a country like India could lead to an AI divide,
15:34much like the digital divide.
15:36100 billion people to be trained in AI over the next decade.
15:40Do you fear it could lead to job losses, the kind of disruption that takes place,
15:45and therefore this AI revolution could end up devouring us?
15:48While there are advantages, certainly, there is that fear that lurks below the surface
15:54of large-scale job losses, especially in unskilled labor.
15:57So there will be job losses of a particular kind,
16:00but there will be job gains of data scientists, of machine learners, of product engineers.
16:06There's a huge amount of work to be done in terms of changing the curriculums
16:10of all our engineering institutions, of all our management institutions.
16:15Today, I mean, at my age, I've learned coding from getting on to Claude at my age.
16:21So I think the challenge will be really to put AI in the hands of young students
16:27from class three onwards as they grow and evolve over the years.
16:31India should produce a generation of AI engineers.
16:34And you've also accepted, which is rare for a government officer,
16:37or a former government officer, that the government doesn't know best.
16:41That at least when it comes to AI, please leave it to the great entrepreneurial energies
16:45and skills of the people of this country.
16:47In all technology areas, put the entrepreneurs right there.
16:51It's free enterprise, free enterprise which should make India grow and prosper for the next three decades.
16:57The Prime Minister's vision of a 30-plus trillion dollar economy can only be achieved with free enterprise.
17:09Thank you very much for joining us, and I hope to see you in a new avatar, in your AI
17:19avatar, sooner rather than later.
17:21Thanks.
17:21Ladies and gentlemen, Amitabh Khan, please give him a very big hand.
17:24Great pleasure.
17:27Now, one of the buzzwords at this mega AI summit in the national capital is Atmanirbhar AI.
17:35Can India build its own self-reliant artificial intelligence model?
17:41That's the question I pose Puneet Chandogh, the president of Microsoft for India and South Asia.
17:48Listen in.
17:55We've framed today's debate in a way, or discussion, as life, work, home, creating an Atmanirbhar AI.
18:07A self-reliant AI.
18:10Is that an oxymoron?
18:12Given the fact that AI in itself means you're completely dependent on your chat GPT.
18:19How do you create an Atmanirbhar world, Puneet, when AI by itself is effectively reducing us almost to slaves of
18:28chat GPT or any AI innovation?
18:30So, I want to start with that.
18:32Can you really create a self-reliant AI?
18:37First of all, Rajee, thank you for having me.
18:39I don't think it's an oxymoron, and I don't think it's turning us into slaves.
18:42I think it's amplifying us, and hopefully it'll get us to do a lot more value-adding, interesting work in
18:47life.
18:47I think back to Atmanirbhar India, Atmanirbhar AI, I think that does not mean that we should build AI in
18:53an independent, siloed way by ignoring the world.
18:56I think it means two or three things.
18:57One, invest in infrastructure, which India is doing, and as Microsoft, we're pulling in $17.5 billion.
19:03Second is making sure we've got sovereign AI solutions for India, be it public cloud, be it private cloud, be
19:08it co-pilots,
19:09but just making sure that we're meeting the demands of India where India needs us to.
19:13And then AI eventually is a five-layered cake.
19:15Right? You've got energy at the bottom, you've got tokens, you've got models, you've got applications, you've got chips.
19:21I think India should take a very, very thoughtful stance on out of the five-layered cake,
19:25what are the areas where we should really build ourselves, and what are the areas where we should get the
19:29best from the world?
19:30This is the time to be truly frontier.
19:32Every week, something else is dropping, and this is the time to both build and get the best from the
19:36world.
19:37Okay, so let me take off from what you said.
19:41The Prime Minister, ahead of the AI summit, seemed to suggest that there were three pillars to India's AI push.
19:51Innovation, inclusivity, and sovereignty.
19:53Let's break each of those down.
19:55Innovation.
19:56The truth of the matter is, the United States and China are way ahead of the rest of the world
20:01when it's come to innovation.
20:03They've built the foundation models.
20:05Some statistics suggest that 80% of the investment in AI infrastructure comes just from these two countries at the
20:12moment.
20:13Are we, therefore, playing catch-up when it comes to innovation, or do we, in a way, simply become the
20:20backroom for what China and the United States are doing and tag along with them?
20:26So, I think the Prime Minister obviously said this very well, innovation, inclusion, and sovereignty.
20:31I would add a couple of things to this.
20:33One is diffusion.
20:34And Jeffrey Ding had this fascinating book, and he looked at countries that are innovating and countries that are diffusing
20:39technology.
20:40And he said that countries that are diffusing technology are getting more value out of it.
20:44So, while the world is innovating, India is starting to innovate.
20:47There are a lot of Indic LLMs and a lot of launches happening today.
20:49And this week, I think India should equally focus on diffusing AI from classroom to boardrooms, from agriculture to healthcare
20:55to enterprises to public sector.
20:57And that's happening.
20:58So, I think that's one thing we should push on.
21:00The second is also skilling.
21:02And going back to innovation, inclusion, sovereignty.
21:04If you want a billion Indians to rise with AI, a billion Indians need to know how to use AI.
21:09And I think that's where we should focus a lot more.
21:11So, agree with those three.
21:12I would just add diffusion and skilling on top of that.
21:15But surely you need to invest far more in innovation than we are doing.
21:19Most Indian companies traditionally haven't invested enough in R&D.
21:26And thereby have perhaps lost out at times in a world that's rapidly changing.
21:32Do you believe that needs to change as a first brick in a way to build an Atmanirbhar AI?
21:38No, you're right.
21:39It does need to change.
21:40As public, ex-private sector, as enterprises in India, as multinationals, I think we have to add value in the
21:46country.
21:47And none of what we have has any franchise value unless we're not adding value to the country.
21:51So, we have to invest in R&D.
21:53We have to invest in infrastructure.
21:54We have to invest in skilling.
21:55That's why we're skilling 20 million people in India by 2030.
21:59So, you're right.
21:59All of that needs to happen.
22:00But again, I'll just say, listen, while we innovate and push on innovation, don't forget diffusion.
22:05Because the more we can diffuse this technology, get it into the hands of every Indian, every company, every public
22:10sector institution,
22:11I think there's a lot more value there that we should not miss.
22:15Which comes to the second eye, which is inclusivity.
22:18How do you, in a country that is so deeply divided, with such sharp inequalities, make AI truly inclusive?
22:26You said AI for a billion Indians.
22:28How do you really make it?
22:29It sounds great.
22:30How do you actually make sure that a little kid in Dhar in Madhya Pradesh is getting the same AI
22:37technology benefits that, let's say, a child in South Delhi or South Mumbai is getting?
22:44How do you bridge that divide or will we have an AI divide like we've had a digital divide for
22:49a very long time?
22:50So, Rajiv, I genuinely believe that AI is different from any other technology we've seen.
22:54Unlike the industrial revolution where we waited for many, many years to get that technology, AI is here on day
22:59one, right?
23:00So, we've got, like anybody sitting in Boston today or Bangalore or in a small town in India, he or
23:04she has access to the same models, same applications.
23:07So, I think that's one thing which is we don't have to wait many, many years.
23:10And then to your point around inclusion, it's already starting to happen.
23:13I'll give you two examples.
23:14With the Ministry of Labor, we're building something called ISHRAM.
23:16There are 300 million unorganized workers in India who don't know how to create a resume, who don't know how
23:21to take an interview, who don't know how to apply for a job.
23:23We're creating an AI platform for those people, these unorganized workers, to create a CV, do a mock interview, get
23:30ready for a job, and then get them employment.
23:32Just a terrific example of embedding AI into systems.
23:35And, again, AI, unlike other technologies, does not require you to be a PhD.
23:40Like, I'm a rusty coder.
23:41I used to code 30 years ago with AI.
23:42I'm coding again.
23:43English is becoming the coding language now.
23:46So, I think the ability to get AI into the hands of Indians is much easier than previous technologies.
23:51We do have to get our act together.
23:52I'm just giving you one of examples.
23:54This needs to happen at a scale for a billion Indians to get there.
23:56But it's possible.
23:57Which brings me to sovereignty.
24:01It's a word which is being used by many.
24:03We need to ensure AI sovereignty or certain digital sovereignty.
24:07How do you actually achieve that?
24:11Because increasingly, you have to work with big tech global companies.
24:15AI, by its very nature, cuts across national boundaries.
24:19How do I control what an engineer sitting in San Francisco is doing?
24:23The information he or she is feeding me or the AI models that they are creating.
24:28Do you believe it's possible to have AI sovereignty by simply creating large language homegrown models?
24:37Or is there another way out?
24:38How do you create genuine sovereignty over data?
24:42So, Rajiv, there are two ways to frame sovereignty.
24:44You can use it as a code word to slow down.
24:46Or you can use it as a code word to speed up.
24:49And I would obviously say, listen, we've got to speed up on sovereignty.
24:52And there are two things we should do, right?
24:53One, we should build in India and we're already building in India.
24:56So, for example, our co-pilots, which is, I was talking to Mr. Puri about it, the AI agent.
25:01All the processing is happening in India.
25:02So, data privacy, sovereignty, everything that happens in India stays in India.
25:05The model stays in India.
25:07So, one is build in India, meeting the sovereignty requirements, but also get the best from the world.
25:13Going back to, like, my biggest challenge is every day something is changing on the models.
25:17And if you're not keeping up with the frontier that's happening in the world, we will fall behind.
25:21So, I would say build for India, and there's a lot of build happening, but also get the frontier from
25:26the world.
25:27This is the worst time to slow down and use our sovereignty as a way to slow down.
25:31In fact, use sovereignty to speed up.
25:32No, so, are you saying you build partnerships with the rest of the world?
25:36A Microsoft, for example, is a good example.
25:39You're transnational.
25:40Do you sort of, does a Sarvam AI, which is seen as the government's, in a way, answer to creating
25:48a foundational model for India,
25:49do you collaborate with a Microsoft, which is a global corporation, and at the same time believe the data is
25:55Indian?
25:57The answer is yes, and by the way, I'd like to believe we're an Indian company.
25:59We've been here for 35 years, as Indian as anybody else.
26:02Sarvam is a deep partner of ours, by the way, and the other thing on Rajdeep on this one, right,
26:06if the technology is changing every day, none of us have all the answers, be it Microsoft, be it Sarvam,
26:11be it any other multinational, be it an Indian company, be it the Indian government.
26:15So, the idea is how do we all come together and build on what others are building versus trying to
26:19create walls, right?
26:20So, this is the time to bring everybody together.
26:22The reason I'm asking this, if you saw in the union budget 2026-27, a 21-year-old tax holiday
26:28was offered to foreign companies,
26:30which are going to use cloud services, come to India, provided they partner with Indian-owned data centers in India.
26:38Now, are we simply, therefore, going to drive this sovereignty by creating large data centers,
26:44which the Adani's and the GEO's are going to put a lot of money in, billions of dollars?
26:49Is that going to build data sovereignty in the truest sense of the word?
26:53That foreign company is coming here, it's getting a tax holiday.
26:56Is it going to retain the data or will that data be shared with the people of India?
27:01Do you believe that that's the way forward, those kind of partnerships, Indian-owned data centers,
27:07working with foreign global tech companies?
27:10So, the budget announcement on data centers is a terrific vote of confidence for building infrastructure in India.
27:15And as I said, we're bringing in $17.5 billion over the next five years.
27:18The question is, can we even do that faster, bring more capital into it, build more infrastructure,
27:23partner with Indian companies, to your point?
27:25And I think the point here is not just saying, listen, there are some companies who will build this with
27:29us.
27:30The idea is to build AI infrastructure for every Indian, right?
27:33Going back to saying, listen, can we get every Indian access to AI on their mobile phones?
27:37That requires infrastructure and capacity, which is what we're building.
27:40And then can we serve the world out of India, right?
27:42So, obviously, Indian data will stay in India, but can we serve Middle East countries?
27:46Can we serve Africa?
27:47Can we serve some of the South Asian countries out of India, given the infrastructure that we're building?
27:51And that's a massive opportunity.
27:53But to build an Atmanirbhar Bharat as it is, the key lies with small businesses, MSMEs, micro industries.
28:01The question is, how do they benefit?
28:04How does a small business benefit from AI without the high costs involved?
28:10Do you believe AI will make it actually easier or more affordable in a way for smaller businesses?
28:18I think there's some work to be done.
28:19But if you think about the thesis of AI, Rajdeep, what are we trying to do, right?
28:22For the first time in the history of mankind, we are saying we have the ability to create an intelligence,
28:27right?
28:27Can we create, can we use compute and compute to become cognition?
28:31Can we create intelligence out of machines, right?
28:33That's what we're trying to do.
28:34And by the way, every business today is a bundle of intelligence, bundle of expertise, be it a small or
28:38medium business or be it a large business.
28:40And the idea is, can we get intelligence on tap?
28:43Today, if you're a small and medium business in India, you want to solve a problem, what do you do?
28:47You hire people, you bring a team together.
28:49We are now talking about a possibility where a small or medium business in India can get intelligence and expertise
28:54on tap, right?
28:55Can they really get that intelligence to solve the problems or build the business they want to?
28:59So that's the thesis of AI.
29:01Now, the question is, how do we make sure we get it to the hands of SMBs at a price
29:04point that they can afford in a simple way?
29:07They don't have technology.
29:08They don't have people.
29:09They don't have the expertise.
29:10How do we simplify this and get this to work for them?
29:13Which is where, Rajdeep, a lot more work needs to be done.
29:15But we're committed to doing it.
29:16Is there an example that you can give, a successful example where, for example, you manage to work with small
29:22businesses or a sector to make it more effective, affordable, and successful?
29:29Lots of these examples, and I don't know if it's a small or medium business.
29:32There's a company called Creative Arts Network.
29:34They're a small company.
29:35They're building content for Bollywood and TV.
29:38We're working with them to use AI to build content.
29:41And, again, reduce the cost of building by 100x, right?
29:44And now for an SMB, which is a small business, if you can potentially reduce the cost of building content
29:49by 100x, imagine the value that can create and the more value that they can create, the more content they
29:54can get out, and the more business they can generate.
29:56So that's just one example.
29:57But across industries, healthcare, we're building co-pilots for doctors.
30:01Can we get doctors?
30:02Like my most interesting story is you go to any hospital in India, the senior-most doctors are out of
30:08time.
30:08The junior-most doctors are out of work.
30:10The junior-most doctors are writing notes, right?
30:11Can we create a co-pilot so the junior doctor can become as proficient as a senior doctor, right?
30:17Can we really give them the expertise, judgment, intelligence so that they can treat patients and patients don't have to
30:22wait?
30:23Lawyers, same story.
30:24Can we create a co-pilot for lawyers?
30:26So I could go on, but it's across the board, Rajdeep.
30:29Because one of the challenges, and this is a question I'm going to ask all my guests on this, is
30:34we have a huge demographic dividend.
30:36But we also have a large population which is unskilled workers.
30:40And the fear remains that as AI spreads, unemployment of those at the bottom of the pyramid will be real.
30:50Jobs will go.
30:52Is that fear-mongering?
30:54Or is that a reality that we've got to be mindful while trying to create an Atmanirbhar AI architecture?
31:00So a lot of this is exaggeration, but I think you also have to then kind of just be clear
31:05-eyed about this, right?
31:06You can't live in a fantasy world.
31:08The clear-eyed answer, Rajdeep, is the color of jobs will change.
31:12Your job and my job both will change.
31:15And ultimately, your job is a bundle of tasks.
31:17For some reason, we've equated work with jobs and titles.
31:21But the atomic unit of work is not jobs and titles.
31:23It's actually the task that you do.
31:25And what AI will do, Rajdeep, will unbundle everything you do and unbundle everything I do.
31:29And a lot of things that you and I think are work, for example, me sending 50 emails or attending
31:33seven meetings or updating three trackers,
31:35feels like work, but it's not really work.
31:37We know it at the end of the day.
31:38I think AI will take that away, which means you and I will have more time to do value-added
31:43work.
31:43But we also have to really bundle ourselves much better, right?
31:46Which is we have to upscale ourselves so that we can really do stuff that is truly value-added.
31:51I think the implication for India and for all of us is that we're all living with this industrial age
31:56-era template, right,
31:57where you learn once and you earn for the rest of your life.
31:59My grandfather lived like that.
32:01My father lived like that.
32:02I'm almost living like that.
32:03That will break.
32:04We are the last generation to have stable long-term careers.
32:07My kids will have a portfolio of things they'll have to do.
32:10And they'll have to focus on skills, not jobs and titles.
32:13And I can imagine India in the next few years where there's a certain set of tasks that need to
32:17be done.
32:17People have skills.
32:18And there's intelligent matching of those two happening.
32:21That's the world we have to prepare for.
32:22That's fascinating.
32:23So what you're saying, the real challenge in a way is skilling.
32:26Rather than talk about jobs, jobs will come provided you get the right skills for those jobs.
32:32Am I broadly correct?
32:33You're broadly correct.
32:35Okay.
32:35You know, since you just mentioned the possibility that we may lose our jobs or our jobs will be redefined
32:41in the coming years,
32:43as we've now got AI anchors.
32:45So I want you to, I have a question from you from my AI anchor.
32:51Listen in.
32:51You too.
32:51Fantastic.
32:52Hello, Mr. Chandok.
32:53My question to you is, what are the big advantages of AI and what is the one big concern?
32:59By the way, that's fascinating.
33:00I should get my AI to talk to your AI.
33:02Hopefully in the next few months we'll get there.
33:04I think the biggest advantage of AI, and that goes back to the thesis, right?
33:07It's a remarkable technology.
33:09For the first time, we have the ability to create intelligence.
33:11And intelligence is the most valuable commodity on the planet, right?
33:14Everything of value that we have created as a human species is driven by intelligence.
33:18And I'll tell you one quick story, right?
33:19The latest models that we have are equating to 150 IQ points.
33:23150 IQ points, right?
33:25And let's assume the IQ of this room is roughly 100.
33:27Imagine a world where there's 50 IQ points available for you.
33:30There's a plug in the wall.
33:31You can plug in and get 50 IQ points.
33:33That's the power of this technology, right?
33:35Now, the question is, how do we get this into the hands of every SMB, as you said,
33:38every company, every public sector, every Indian?
33:41So that's the advantage.
33:43The thing that I worry most about, Rajdeep, you spoke about this,
33:46which is not so much jobs going away, but our ability to scale at scale in India.
33:50We have to scale a billion Indians.
33:52As Microsoft, we are committed to scaling 20 million people over the next few years.
33:56I don't think that's enough.
33:57We have to do more.
33:58We all have to do more.
33:59But for a billion Indians to rise with AI, we need to scale them.
34:03They need to know how to use AI.
34:05People will not lose jobs to AI.
34:06People will lose jobs to people who know AI.
34:09And you better be on the right side of that equation.
34:11So that's one thing we all have to solve for.
34:12Going ahead, do you think, eventually, companies will recognize that you can take full advantage of AI without necessarily shedding
34:25a workforce?
34:27The answer is yes, if you can scale your workforce, right?
34:30If you can scale and scale.
34:32If you scale and scale, right?
34:33I mean, the one thing I tell people around me is saying, if you stop clinging onto your job description,
34:39doing what you were hired to do is no longer enough.
34:42If your only value add is I can do my work faster, I can do more volume, I can do
34:46more efficiency, AI can compete with it.
34:48So stop clinging onto the job description.
34:51You really have to, and again, when you think about AI, scaling is misunderstood.
34:54I would say three things.
34:56One, you have to learn to think with AI.
34:57Every time you're doing something, you have to get AI to work with you as a thought partner.
35:01Second, you have to build with AI.
35:03And I said, I'm a rusty coder, but I'm coding every day again because English is a new coding language.
35:07Like I say, right, you can never get fit by watching others go to the gym.
35:10You have to go to the gym yourself.
35:11With AI, you have to go to the gym yourself every day, every day.
35:15And then finally get AI to work with you like a teammate.
35:17The real unlock for us is when you think, when AI moves from a tool on your phone to a
35:21true teammate.
35:22Rajdeep, somebody who's sitting with you and helping you do your work better versus just a thing on your device.
35:27So if you do those three things, think with AI, build with AI every day, and then get AI to
35:31work with you as a digital colleague, I think we will solve this.
35:35One final question in one sentence.
35:37What is the most competitive advantage that India has in this entire AI revolution, as we're calling it?
35:44What is the one thing that we have that others don't?
35:47I think India's got the talent.
35:48We've got 22 million developers today on GitHub, the largest developer population in the world.
35:53We've got digital public infrastructure that we've built, and Mr. Kant is here, right?
35:56He's obviously much smarter on this than I am.
35:58Like, if you look at the digital public infrastructure in India, if you can embed AI into all of that,
36:02be it Adhaar, be it UPI, and get our developers.
36:05We've got the massive, the most amount of developers on the planet to really build AI public infrastructure in this
36:10country.
36:11I think that's something nobody else in the world has.
36:14Well, more power to that, more power in a sense to this large demographic dividend that we have, which hopefully
36:21will last at least the next 20 years.
36:24And harnessing that, skilling that on scale will be the big challenge in a way to build an Atman Nirbhar
36:31AI, as we are calling it.
36:32Please give a big hand to Puneet Chandu.
36:36Okay, let's now turn to another question that is critical to this AI revolution.
36:42Will the spread of AI result in the loss of jobs, of trust, and widen the divide between the haves
36:52and the have-nots?
36:53That's the question I posed to the chief economist of OpenAI, Dr. Aaron Robby-Chatterjee.
37:02Listen in.
37:10Rani, welcome.
37:13Just wanted to, in the first instance, ask the big question that's often asked at the moment.
37:20What we are seeing around us, is it a bubble, or is it the real thing?
37:26What we are seeing around in India, is it hype, or is there substance to the India story when it
37:33comes to AI?
37:35Well, first of all, I just want to say thank you for having me.
37:37It's great to see all the folks in the audience.
37:39This is an impressive event when you think about the number of people who have come to India to exchange
37:44ideas about AI,
37:47how India has become the center of this discussion.
37:50I go to a lot of these kinds of events, and it gives me a lot of pride as a
37:53person of Indian heritage to come back to India and do this event.
37:57I think it's for real when it comes to AI.
37:59You know, I'm an economist, so I spent a lot of my career studying prior economic recessions and bubbles and
38:05trends and new technologies.
38:06And I've looked at everything from the printing press to the semiconductor to the internet.
38:12AI is real.
38:13You're seeing users around the world adopt these tools and get real value out of them.
38:17That's different than some of the other technological trends in the past.
38:20We've reached 900 million weekly active users, and we have 100 million weekly active users here in India.
38:26That's real value.
38:27There's a million businesses that are our customers, and obviously others using other tools as well.
38:32That's real value, and there's billions of dollars of revenue that are being realized around AI.
38:36So I think in general, the story around AI globally is real.
38:39In India, I think it's as real as it is anywhere.
38:42I mean, we have many users here.
38:44It's one of our fastest-growing markets.
38:45If you look at the applications in India, a lot around coding and data analysis,
38:50I see real work and real productivity happening in the Indian context.
38:55We've titled the session, Building India's AI Economy, Talent, Trade, and Trust.
39:01I'll come to the three Ts one by one in a moment, but I just want to step back to
39:06ask you this,
39:07because the numbers suggest that the United States and China have dominated the first wave of this AI revolution.
39:1580% of the investment spent in infrastructure has been between these two countries,
39:20and the rest of the world, including India, is seen to play catch-up.
39:23Would that be a fair way to look at where we stand today?
39:27Countries like India, essentially at the moment, are playing catch-up,
39:30because the foundation models and the investment in innovation and infrastructure,
39:35the United States and China are in another league.
39:38The arms race has been replaced in a way between these two superpowers as an AI race.
39:42So is India playing catch-up?
39:45Massive investments can be required in India to play in the intelligence age,
39:49but I do think we're still in the early innings of this.
39:52And I think in India, I see a recognition that you have to invest all around the stack.
39:56If you think about what the government is introducing, it's five different layers of the AI stack, including infrastructure.
40:01So that is going to be required.
40:02But I also think India has a lot of advantages.
40:04When you think about the over one million STEM graduates, engineering graduates every year,
40:09who come out of Indian universities and institutions,
40:11these are people who are going to be more fluent with AI than the average person.
40:15They're going to build apps on top of our API.
40:17They're going to be able to use AI to get things done.
40:19So India has a lot of advantages, and there's a lot of investment potential.
40:22So I think there's a lot of work to do, but also a lot of reason for optimism.
40:24One of India's problems has been 58% of our population dependent on agriculture contributes only 16%, 1.6%
40:32of national income.
40:34Agriculture productivity is going to be key.
40:35Tell me, how is AI in concrete terms?
40:38How is the open AI going to actually make the Indian farmer more productive?
40:42Again, is it hype?
40:44Or can you give me a real-life case example to show, look, this is what AI, open AI can
40:49do for Indian agriculture?
40:51No, no, I mean, this can be real.
40:52And it's not just open AI.
40:53It's going to be working with a lot of parties in India.
40:55But right now, you can put intelligence into a farmer's hand.
40:58We're doing that with several initiatives in India.
41:00What are the biggest ingredients to the productivity of a piece of land?
41:03It could be the fertilizer you use or the methods you use to plant crops.
41:06These are all things that having guidance and support really matter.
41:10The number one uses of Chachapi tea are for practical guidance and learning.
41:14These are the things that can help in agriculture or in the classroom.
41:17So it's real.
41:18It's happening.
41:18It'll be us.
41:19It'll be partners in India who know the local context.
41:21But I think this is a great potential, and it's one way to increase productivity in the economy.
41:25There's lots of other parts of the Indian economy to work with, too, but that's one key piece.
41:29As we said, we want to talk about the three T's, talent, trade, trust.
41:32Let's talk about talent for a moment.
41:34We have a large pool of young Indians, engineers, skilled labor, but we also have a large pool
41:43of unskilled labor.
41:44And presumably one of the challenges is skilling, because the fear from an Indian perspective
41:50is, will AI spread lead to job losses?
41:55And that's the last thing a country like India needs with its large demographic dividend.
41:58How do you see it?
42:00Are those fears real, or is this fear-mongering?
42:03To believe that the more you spread AI, the more it's going to result in low-skilled jobs,
42:09particularly losing out.
42:11Yeah, let me take them one by one.
42:13I mean, first, when people have anxiety about jobs, whether or not that's born in the data,
42:18it is real.
42:19You have to take that feeling head-on and talk to people about what the numbers are saying.
42:22We released a report recently that shows that AI is largely in India complementing workers
42:27more than substituting them.
42:28And this, by the way, is consistent with a lot of economic data, right?
42:31With the introduction of new technologies, you often see that technology is making workers
42:35more productive, not replacing them.
42:37And it depends on the pace of adoption, of course, with AI.
42:39I think in India, I am optimistic that it's going to complement a lot of human workers,
42:43especially the ones you're talking about.
42:45On the less skilled labor, or the folks who have less access to resources, there's also a
42:49lot of applications for upskilling.
42:51We released a product recently that helps people get more education and training using
42:56AI.
42:57You might need help uploading your resume or writing a cover letter to an employer or even
43:01identifying some of the employers that you might work with.
43:04If you think about applying this to people who have fewer skills and less formal education,
43:09you could help people get access to opportunities they couldn't have before.
43:12AI doesn't just provide information.
43:13It also provides some navigation, right, to be able to navigate a job market.
43:17So I feel like it has potential on both ends you're talking about.
43:19To make workers more productive, but also help people who aren't necessarily part of the labor
43:23force or need more education and training, a chance to access those things.
43:26I want to look at the second P, which is trade.
43:30Last week, the market saw what was termed as the AI trade scare.
43:34Software stocks plunging globally on worries surrounding AI advancements.
43:41Why did this happen?
43:42Do you believe markets will stabilize or will we again see even within markets, particularly
43:47in software companies, further friction due to AI?
43:50So as an economist, I never will make predictions about the stock market, but I will tell you
43:54what I think is happening is this.
43:56AI capabilities, as measured by the benchmarks we use to assess our models, they're going up
44:01and to the right.
44:02They're getting better and better and faster and faster.
44:04As a result, people are looking at all kinds of different markets, insurance, real estate,
44:09software as a service and saying, oh my goodness, AI can do that.
44:12I think the market will stabilize in the following sense.
44:15The third T, which is trust, and particularly for, let's say, a media network, that becomes
44:22an extremely important factor.
44:24We've already seen the mushrooming of deep fake and what that can do to the information
44:29systems.
44:29But there are wider fears, national security, fears to privacy.
44:34Are those fears legitimate?
44:37And should every country, therefore, be looking to build their own sovereign AI systems with
44:44their own legal regulatory systems as a kind of guardrail?
44:48How do I ensure that AI doesn't become this national security threat?
44:53How do I ensure that AI doesn't threaten privacy?
44:57Every new technology is going to bring opportunities like we talked about, but also these real challenges.
45:00And they are real.
45:01As you think about, for example, child safety, that's one thing that's really important to
45:05me personally, but also to the organization, we released this new teen safety blueprint to
45:10talk about how we can improve safety for young people using the platform.
45:13It's really important in India, where we have the largest population of students using
45:17Chachupiti compared to any place in the world.
45:20So this is definitely something we have to work with governments on, and we have to have
45:23a cooperative relationship to get things done.
45:25I will say when it comes to national security, you see governments taking a stronger role to
45:29make sure that their stack is secure and they're cooperating with trusted partners.
45:33I hope OpenAI can be part of that as well.
45:35But can I ask you, for example, OpenAI, is the goal at the moment, let's find revenue
45:42models, let's maximize revenues, or is it let's put in place these systems, even if revenues
45:48slow down, to ensure that we are at the cutting edge of technology without, let's say, interfering
45:55the people in privacy, for example?
45:58I'll say two things on this.
45:59Safety has always been core to the mission, so that's going to be guiding what we do.
46:04We don't see an inherent conflict in many cases between safety and being successful as an
46:08organization.
46:09If we're trying to provide AI to as many people as we can, we're only going to be able to
46:12do
46:12that if people trust our products and if they're safe.
46:14So in some sense, this trade-off, it can be real in some situations, but we don't see it
46:18as adversarily as others do.
46:19Safety has got to be number one.
46:22The other challenge, Roni, is that this computing power is going to lead a huge amount of energy,
46:28a huge amount of data usage.
46:30Do you believe countries like India are equipped or, again, well behind the clock when it comes
46:36to that?
46:36I want an honest answer.
46:37I know you're in India, but the truth of the matter is, again, I come back to the Chinese
46:41and the Americans.
46:42The more one reads, simply seem to be in another league.
46:45What can, does India have the capabilities, you believe, in the next few years to catch
46:51up?
46:52I think India definitely needs a sea change in how they invest in infrastructure and
46:56the permitting process by building these different sort of facilities.
46:59I have a lot of experience in chips, as you know, and when it comes to building a fab,
47:03and I think about the time it takes to build a fab or the skilled workforce required.
47:07These are things that have to change if India is going to continue to invest in infrastructure.
47:10From a policy perspective, I expect the government to be focusing on that.
47:13It seems like the recent plan is in that direction.
47:15So what would be the three things?
47:16If you were to advise, if you were chief economist AI for India, who will come to OpenAI, come
47:22to GOI?
47:23Is anyone offering me this job?
47:24Because I might take it.
47:26What were the three things that you would tell them to do?
47:28First, skilled workforce.
47:30We need more investment in the manufacturing workforce.
47:32India has obviously been fantastic in developing software workforce.
47:36The manufacturing hardware piece, there's more work to be done.
47:39Second, is developing more energy sources locally in India.
47:42That's a key issue you talked about.
47:44And the third is not just beyond the energy, but connecting to the grid and permitting around
47:48interconnection.
47:49Those are the three things, at least from my knowledge of India, that I think are really
47:51important.
47:52Because one of the things that we did in the recent budget was to give a tax holiday to
47:56foreign companies that want to come in and invest through their cloud source, through
48:00their cloud services in data centers that are established by Indians.
48:04Do you believe those partnerships are the way forward?
48:07I think some of this will be partnerships.
48:09You can imagine the expertise of the hyperscalers, which are based largely in other places, cooperating
48:13with Indian firms that have local context and local knowledge.
48:17But I also think you might see indigenous firms in this area, too.
48:19It's something that we'll have to watch.
48:21But I think partnerships can be great in this area.
48:22Because today, the leader of the opposition in India has called it data theft, that we
48:27need to protect our data.
48:29This will, you know, Rahul Gandhi says that all these companies coming into India, they're
48:33stealing your data.
48:35Data should be protected.
48:36Can you protect?
48:37Can a country really protect data?
48:39Isn't it transnational now with no boundaries?
48:41These partnerships are happening all over the world.
48:43So, you know, I think that we can find ways to partner and bring capital and expertise
48:47to India and at the same time safeguard Indian data for sure.
48:51Okay, I'm going to, one of the things being a TV channel is that the possibility exists
48:56that there will be AI anchors.
48:58Oh, interesting.
48:59Okay.
48:59Okay.
48:59And that's perhaps the end of people like us.
49:02I prefer you, though.
49:03I have to say I prefer humans.
49:04Thank you very much.
49:05Are you sure?
49:06Say that loudly enough so that we can survive.
49:09But we've got some AI anchors out there and they've got some questions for you.
49:13Take a look.
49:14Oh, excellent.
49:15Thank you, Rajdeep.
49:16My question to Dr. Chatterjee.
49:17Will AI pose a bigger challenge to developing nations like India where job creation for
49:23millions of youth is a challenge unlike the West where population is significantly less?
49:29Oh, I think AI presents different challenges in India.
49:32I wouldn't say it's easier or harder.
49:34In the United States, the conversation is very much focused on white-collar jobs and the
49:38impact of AI on those jobs.
49:40In India, you have a different industrial mix and a different workforce.
49:43In some cases, there's a lot of those who can benefit from the expansion of intelligence
49:46to provide services that you don't have currently.
49:49Think about things like education.
49:50In the other sense, there's a lot of jobs in the software industry here that you have
49:53to watch closely.
49:54So I personally am watching these companies in the VPO industry specifically as they
49:58try to move up the value chain yet again.
50:00They've done it many times.
50:01They've been very flexible and scalable.
50:03AI presents a new challenge.
50:04I expect a lot of those companies are going to utilize AI to move further and further up
50:07the value chain.
50:08But it's a more competitive environment for one of the biggest sort of employers in the
50:12Indian context in software.
50:13What do you see, therefore?
50:15I know in the world of AI, it's very difficult to predict the future because every month seems
50:20to bring some disruption or the other.
50:21But if I were to ask you, even a five-year horizon, where would we be in 2030?
50:26Where would India be?
50:27Where would the world be in embracing this AI economy?
50:30What's your projection?
50:31Projection, I think, on the capabilities, they're continuing to advance very rapidly.
50:35The one thing I learned coming from academia and from government to open AI is I underestimated
50:41how quickly the capabilities were advanced.
50:43I underestimated how quickly the models were improving.
50:45I think that's going to continue if we continue to see the scaling laws that guide a lot of
50:50the innovation apply.
50:51And I'm confident in that.
50:52I think that enterprises and individuals are going to find new uses, but the adoption rates
50:56are going to vary dramatically by organizations and countries.
51:00I expect India to be one of the leaders in this space.
51:02I think the commitment to this summit here in India is one direction.
51:04But it's going to take work both on the education side from K to 12 and also in secondary and
51:09advanced education, but also inside companies to train employees.
51:13The countries and the organizations that can reduce the capability overhang, this idea that
51:18the models are very capable, but people don't even know how to use it for that, that is
51:21really the key.
51:22India has a lot of data pointing in the direction they're going to be able to do that, given
51:26the higher than average proportion of people who are using tools for coding and data
51:30analysis.
51:31That's the thing India needs to build on.
51:32I expect it to be in a good position in four or five years.
51:34You know, in one of your papers, you warned against outsourcing critical thinking to AI,
51:39which I thought is fascinating.
51:41Now, how do you do that?
51:43How do we get our education system, which is extremely exam-driven and marks-driven, to
51:50actually create a system?
51:52Because I see young kids looking at Jack GPD for basic homework, which perhaps only means
52:02that critical thinking no longer takes place.
52:04So how do you ensure that India's next generation does not outsource critical thinking to AI?
52:10This is my biggest worry about AI, is that I have kids myself, eighth grade, sixth grade,
52:15third grade, and I want them to learn the fundamentals.
52:18I want them to learn how to add and subtract before I give them the calculator.
52:21I want them to learn how to write an essay before they use AI to do it.
52:26Once they learn those foundations, though, AI can be a tremendous force multiplier.
52:30I think about my flight across the country that I take every other week.
52:34I talk to Chachapiti the whole way about economics, and I learn things I never could have learned
52:39from any book.
52:40That kind of general thinking, that back and forth, is what I want my kids to have.
52:43But I don't want them to outsource the critical thinking and the fundamentals.
52:45So it comes back to two things.
52:47How we design our education system, right?
52:49If I'm a professor by background, of course, how do we design our assessments?
52:53If the assessments are all take-home exams, then students are going to be encouraged to
52:55use AI.
52:56We have to put more presentation skills, oral presentations, being able to quiz people
53:01on the spot rather than just relying on written assessments.
53:03The second thing we need to do is make sure that we use the tools in the right place,
53:07at the right standard or the right grade, at the right time.
53:09It can't be for every exercise.
53:11And this is going to be up to local school districts, depending on where you are, or sometimes
53:14national standards, depending on the education system.
53:16I think parents also have to play a really strong role.
53:19I know my kids are probably watching, and they'll say that I could do better at that.
53:22But I will say that parents and teachers need to take a lot of interest in this.
53:26Otherwise, we will have the problem you're talking about.
53:27It's a big worry for me as an educator.
53:29Okay.
53:30Let me end by saying, as someone from of Indian origin who comes back here, you look at India,
53:35you look at this energy that's...
53:38I believe that India's aspirational energies are even greater than the United States in its
53:42pump in the last century.
53:44There's that on the...
53:46That's the big positive.
53:48From your perspective, as someone returning home in a way, if I may say so, what's the
53:53biggest positive you see about the India story?
53:55And what's the one thing that you see that troubles you?
53:59The youth.
54:00I mean, India is so young.
54:03I mean, you all know this well, but as someone who comes here, you know, three or four times
54:07a year, like the youth is really what gets you, right?
54:09And the demographics of India and what the potential it presents is fantastic.
54:14And you're right.
54:15It's unlike any country in the world in terms of where the youth are going.
54:18And like, even after talks like this, I talk to lots of people, but I end up talking to
54:21college students and high school students.
54:23Those are people that inspire me so much.
54:25The challenge is, can you create enough opportunities here for those millions of graduates every year?
54:31Can you build the infrastructure necessary around the whole stack, right?
54:34To build an AI ecosystem that works.
54:36These are big challenges.
54:37We're struggling with them in the United States and around the world.
54:39This is the biggest challenge for India.
54:40So the biggest challenge in a way is scalability for a billion citizens.
54:44I'm talking about 1.5 billion population, but a billion citizens who possibly today could
54:49use AI tools, open AI and indeed AI's challenge is how do I scale up?
54:54And this is something I hope open AI can help with big dreams, big challenges go together.
54:58Okay.
54:59Ronnie Chatterjee for joining us here, Dr. Chatterjee and giving us what this dream could look
55:04like and what the challenges are and what the opportunities are.
55:07Please give him a very big hand.
55:08Thank you very much.
55:10Thank you for having me.
55:12Okay.
55:13That's all that we could pack in on this AI special tonight.
55:16Remember, you can catch all the conversations that the India today AI summit on our website
55:22for now from the entire team.
55:24Thanks for watching.
55:26Stay well.
55:27Stay safe.
55:28Jai Hind.
55:29Namaskar.
55:30Namaskar.
55:30Namaskar.
55:30Namaskar.
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