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00:00Controllers in Islamabad watch as Air Blue Flight 202 head straight towards a massive hill.
00:09He's not turning.
00:15They issue urgent warnings.
00:17Turn left immediately.
00:18But fail to prevent a disaster.
00:21Marine ahead.
00:22They're going down!
00:30It's the worst accident in Pakistan's aviation history.
00:37When investigators listen to the CVR, they hear the pilots realise they're in danger.
00:42Terrain, sir!
00:46Took steps to avoid it.
00:48Turning left.
00:50But were unable to save the lives of 152 people.
00:54Why aren't we turning left?
00:57The crew knew what they had to do.
01:00They had reported that they were doing what they were supposed to do.
01:04And yet, the aircraft continued to fly in the wrong direction.
01:10BD! BD!
01:14Oh, fuck!
01:17Marine 102 out of the yard.
01:19I'll come back to you.
01:20I'll come back to you.
01:21I'll come back to you.
01:22I'll come back to you.
01:23I'll come back to you.
01:24I'll come back to you.
01:26AirBlue Flight 202
01:31Air Blue Flight 202 begins its early morning descent towards Islamabad Pakistan.
01:35AirBlue flight 202 begins its early morning descent towards Islamabad, Pakistan.
01:40Pakistan there are 146 passengers and six crew on board the Airbus a321 understood
02:05it'll be eyeless down to minima and then left on wind okay captain pervez chowdhury is one of the
02:16airlines most experienced pilots Najam Qureshi is a former air blue pilot who flew with captain
02:24chowdhury captain chowdhury had a lifetime of experience flying at the Pakistan international
02:31airline he had a very successful carrier and he was pretty much approaching the end of his carrier
02:36first officer Syed Ahmed has less commercial experience he's a former f-16 fighter pilot and
02:52squadron leader in Pakistan's Air Force air blue 202 clear to 3900 for ILS 230 clear to descend to 3900
03:06he had about 300,000 the type so just brand new learning the differences between the
03:16air force line and the commercial line Pakistan's capital Islamabad is a city of more than 800,000
03:25people it's surrounded by the Himalayan foothills to the north and northeast the mountainous terrain
03:36means the only approach to Islamabad's runway is from the south due to the wind direction today
03:43planes are landing on runway 12 they must circle the airport and make a visual approach to the other
03:50end of the runway it is always safer to land with a headwind as compared to a tailwind when the winds
04:00change beyond a certain limit the air traffic controller will switch the runways that will ensure
04:06the plane lands in a headwind thick clouds envelop the airport making landings difficult China Southern is
04:18going around and diverting back to a room chief China Southern confirming diverting back to them cheap attention
04:25all landing aircraft China Southern is diverting due to weather if at any point you lose sight of the
04:35airfield you should abandon the approach completely and carry out the missed approach procedure
04:41flight 202 is now less than 10 minutes from landing
04:48the plane reaches the minimum altitude to which the pilots can descend without the runway in sight
05:10as soon as you see the runway you turn right and then after that you're supposed to keep the runway inside
05:18commencing right turn heading 352 call it in
05:26air blue 202 maintaining to 500 and turning right heading 352
05:34captain chowdhury initiates the first turn of the circling approach
05:51continue on the circle for landing on runway 12 caution low clouds and visibility maintain visual with the airport
06:00even in the poor weather it is up to the pilots to decide whether they should continue the approach
06:08or not depending whether they have it on inside the controller expects to see the lights of the airbus as
06:19the airbus as it flies past the airfield
06:26radar I can't see air blue 202
06:31what's his current location please he's approaching the no-fly zone north of the airfield instruct him to turn left immediately
06:38flight 202 is much further north than expected and needs to turn left for the approach to runway 12
06:48air blue 202
06:50air blue 202 turn left heading 180
06:55confirm he has visual with the ground if not instruct him to climb and execute a missed approach
07:00air blue 202 confirm you have airfield in sight
07:05the controllers had radar they could see what the aircraft was doing
07:11they could see what the aircraft was doing
07:13they could see that the aircraft was not doing what the procedure said they should be doing
07:18ask again
07:19ask again
07:20air blue 202 please confirm you have visual with the ground
07:24air blue 202 visual with the ground
07:37he's confirming visual
07:38he's not turning
07:43controllers can see that flight 202 is rapidly approaching the hills north of the airport
07:50in the cockpit the pilots are struggling to turn their plane away from the mountains ahead
08:05and there is here
08:06either
08:16encounter tunnel left
08:18direction
08:19turn right
08:21jump
08:22風
08:23газ
08:25using today
08:28go
08:30the controllers can't believe what they're seeing here's a guy with 25,000
08:36hours and he's flying directly towards a mountain in the cabin passengers have
08:43become aware that something's not right
08:51they're approaching the 5,000 foot Magala Hills
08:55Terrain ahead, pull up! Sir we are going down! Sir we're going down!
09:02Messages from radar, don't left immediately! Terrain ahead, pull up! We're going down!
09:08Flight 202 has crashed into the Magala Hills seven miles from the airport
09:15The wreckage lies at an altitude of nearly 3,000 feet
09:21It will be difficult for rescuers to reach the site
09:28We couldn't get access to it with a car or a truck
09:34Even with helicopters there was no place to set down
09:41So the only way to get to the accident site was with a long slow climb
09:49It takes more than half an hour for rescuers and volunteers to make their way up the steep hill
09:55hill to the crash site in hopes of finding survivors
10:02When crews do reach the site they find a scene of complete devastation
10:09When crews do reach the site they find a scene of complete devastation
10:16When crews do reach the site they find a scene of complete devastation
10:21152 people died in this accident
10:35It's the worst accident in Pakistan's aviation history
10:44Why did a modern airplane fly into well-known mountains north of the airport
10:50In Islamabad?
10:51Investigators arrive at the accident site to study the wreckage of Air Blue Flight 202
11:05When an aircraft flies into mountains there are really two areas that we're looking at in terms of the root cause
11:15One is a sudden and unexpected loss of control
11:22The other would be the aircraft has actually stayed in control of the pilots
11:26And still somehow been flown into a mountain
11:33An analysis of the engines shows that they were fully functional at the time of impact
11:38And capable of producing maximum thrust
11:45Okay, good work everyone, start heading back down
11:48Right, so the stabilizer was set at 3.5 degrees nose up
11:53Landing gear was down, engines at climb power
11:57So configured for landing but climbing at full power
12:01An examination of the electrical and mechanical components that we could find
12:11There was no obvious damage or mechanical failure
12:14They were trying to land here
12:18But then they slam into the Margulah Hills 7 miles north of the runway
12:23How did they get so far off course?
12:30For an approach that was supposed to be a very tight approach
12:36Because of the existence of the hills, that is extraordinary
12:41They were approaching from the southeast for a landing here on runway 12
12:47Scattered clouds, rain
13:00Visibility was at 3.5 kilometers
13:04Challenging conditions
13:08Could the cloudy conditions have been a factor in the accident?
13:13When an aircraft flies into high ground
13:17One thing that is almost certainly a factor is poor visibility
13:22Low cloud, fog, call it what you will
13:26Visibility would have been an issue
13:29But you don't need to see the Margulah Hills to know that they're there
13:38Everyone knows towards the northeast of the runway there are mountains
13:42They're clearly marked on the maps
13:45Terrain ahead
13:46Sir, we're going down
13:48Pull up
13:49Pull up
13:51Pull up
13:56Can the controller explain why the crew of flight 202 couldn't avoid the mountains?
14:02Radar control informed him he'd be doing the circling approach to runway 12
14:07Air blue 202 expect arrival at ILS 30 followed by circling approach to land runway 12
14:14And he understood the approach?
14:18Yes sir, he did
14:20Understood
14:22It'll be ILS down to minima
14:24And then left downwind
14:26And then?
14:28That's when I assumed control
14:33As he began the right turn to the circling approach
14:37The circling approach involves four carefully timed turns
14:45The first to the right followed by a left turn that takes the plane parallel to the runway
14:51The two final turns lined the plane up for the landing on runway 12
14:57Pilots must keep the runway in sight for the duration of this approach
15:02After about a minute I expected to see him fly by
15:10But he never did
15:14I asked the crew if they had the runway in sight
15:17And they confirmed that they did
15:19Air blue 202, please confirm you have visual with the ground
15:23Air blue 202, visual with the ground
15:29But he kept flying further and further away from the airport
15:33Directly towards the hills
15:36After breaking off from the approach
15:41They are supposed to turn after 30 seconds
15:44Instead they kept going for almost two minutes
15:47We tried to stop him several times
15:51But it was too late
15:55Message from radar, turn left immediately
15:58We couldn't prevent
16:13What happened?
16:20It's all here on the radar track
16:28The crew knew what they had to do
16:31They had reported that they were doing what they were supposed to do
16:36And yet the aircraft continued to fly in the wrong direction
16:41Terrain ahead
16:43Pull up
16:46How could the pilots have ended up so dangerously off course?
16:51The crew knew what they were supposed to do
16:53The crew knew what they were supposed to do
16:58Investigators look into the background of flight 202's pilots
17:02To determine if the approach into Islamabad was mishandled
17:06The captain had years of experience with major airlines
17:12Captain Chowdhury has been flying for more than 40 years
17:19He has accumulated more than 25,000 flying hours throughout his career
17:24But only about 1,000 of those were on the Airbus
17:28The first officer however is a whole different story
17:35First officer Syed Ahmed had far fewer hours than the captain
17:42The former fighter pilot had recently joined the airline
17:46And had accumulated only 286 hours on Airbus A320 airplanes
17:52Two very different pilots
17:57One during the end of his career with thousands of hours of experience
18:02And the other just starting off his commercial career
18:07But neither of them had a ton of experience with the Airbus A321
18:15Did the pilots' lack of experience on this type of plane play a role in the accident?
18:25Experience is generally considered to be an asset
18:28The only potential downside is that of course if you've got a lot of experience of one particular thing
18:35It actually might be more difficult to learn how to operate this new type of aircraft
18:47Okay
18:49So they're supposed to perform their approach within this area
18:53Anything beyond this is outside the airport's 4.3 mile protection zone
18:58Okay, let's see his track
19:02Investigators examine Flight 202's radar track
19:07To see how the pilots set up their approach
19:10Alright
19:11So they make their first turn here
19:16And then head straight out of the protection zone
19:23Then this left turn takes them directly into the Marukhala Hills
19:31The radar track shows that the pilots flew closer and closer to the mountains surrounding Islamabad
19:38Wouldn't they have gotten a warning that they're approaching the hills?
19:48Yes sir
19:50It should have sounded 60 seconds before impact
19:52The enhanced ground proximity warning system looks downward to see the height that you're at above ground
20:05But it also looks ahead to see any terrain that you're flying towards
20:10If they got a warning
20:15Why didn't they try to pull up or turn
20:20To avoid it?
20:25Did the pilots of Flight 202 get any warning of an impending collision?
20:31The crew would have been given pictures on their navigation display
20:35Of the approaching terrain
20:37And they would have been given aural warnings
20:41So since they flew directly into the terrain
20:45Has the enhanced ground proximity warning system completely failed?
20:50Don't leave me in suspense
21:03Did they get any ground proximity warnings?
21:07They sure did
21:11Terrain ahead
21:14Pull up
21:15The cockpit data shows that in the final minute of the flight
21:18The crew got 21 separate warnings about the rising terrain ahead
21:23Pull up
21:29Okay
21:30So that answers that
21:34Over 21 times
21:35We saw
21:36Terrain, terrain
21:37Pull up
21:38Terrain ahead
21:39Pull up
21:40There's no way that the captain missed that warning
21:43The enhanced ground proximity warning system was working properly
21:46Terrain ahead
21:49If the warning system was operating
21:51Why would the pilots ignore it and allow the accident to happen?
21:55Terrain ahead
21:56Pull up
21:57If you hear a full terrain pull up warning from the EGPWS
22:02The reaction should be immediate
22:04It should be to apply full power
22:06Pull the nose of the aircraft up
22:08Get it moving away from the ground
22:09And that should be done before any questions are asked
22:19Why didn't the crew of Air Blue Flight 202 act on terrain warnings
22:24And steer their plane away from the mountains?
22:26Islamabad
22:27Air Blue 202
22:29Investigators listen to the cockpit voice recording
22:33What are current conditions please?
22:35Air Blue 202 visibility is now 3.5 km with rain
22:39Wind
22:40One six knots
22:41Zero five zero degrees
22:43Runway one two currently in use
22:46They focus on how the crew set up for landing
22:49It'll be runway one two
22:52Yes, invisibility is crap
22:54The weather was marginal
22:58And marginal weather makes you nervous
23:01Because you don't know whether you're going to be able to see anything at all
23:06And the captain clearly was nervous about this approach
23:10Did the captain proceed with an approach he wasn't comfortable with?
23:17Set way points for runway one two
23:21Radial zero two six
23:23Five miles abeam
23:32Mate, stop
23:34Why is he asking him to input a course to the runway?
23:38This is supposed to be a visual approach
23:41It didn't make any sense for the captain to be entering way points into the flight management system
23:50The circling approach is by definition a visual approach
23:54So there is no way that any pilot would normally do this
24:00Then, just two miles from the airport
24:04The pilots of Air Blue flight 202 hear of a flight landing ahead of them
24:08Be advised that a DIA 737 has landed on runway one two safely
24:17Commencing right turn, heading three five two
24:23That could have caused the pilot to say, hey, if they can get in, we can get in too
24:28Wait, stop sir
24:30So, he starts his turn later than usual
24:34Half a mile from the runway
24:36Instead of breaking off early, they had to continue on because of the low visibility and low ceilings
24:47And they did not break off to the right until the last possible point, which was at the end of the runway
24:53Concerned with poor visibility, Captain Chowdhury makes a baffling decision
24:58Switching to nav mode for managed approach to runway one two
25:05There he goes, switching to nav mode, he can't be wishful
25:08Carrying out the circling approach using the autopilot to navigate is a violation of procedures
25:16As soon as you select the nav mode, the plane starts to fly the pre-programmed waypoints
25:26And at this point, Captain Chowdhury is no more flying the visual approach
25:31Okay, sir
25:35But, are you visual?
25:37I have a visual?
25:38I have a visual
25:43Chowdhury insists he can see the runway, but investigators are certain he could not
25:50They can't see the airfield any longer because they've just got to the far side of it
25:55There is no airfield in sight
25:56So, instead of turning left to fly parallel with the runway
26:05He keeps flying in this direction, moving further and further from the airport
26:12Sir, we're reaching higher ground
26:15Terrain ahead
26:18Terrain ahead
26:20Sir, there's terrain ahead
26:22Sir, turn left
26:24Terrain ahead
26:27It should be turning
26:29Terrain ahead
26:31As the captain struggles to turn away from the hills
26:34Terrain ahead
26:36Controllers become concerned
26:38Air Blue 202
26:40Confirm you have airfield in sight
26:42What should I tell him, sir?
26:44Terrain ahead
26:46Tell him
26:48The crew doesn't reply straight away
26:50Probably because the first officer knows full well that no, they don't have visual contact with the airfield
26:57But he waits for his captain to tell him what to say
27:00Air Blue 202, please confirm you have visual with the ground
27:04Terrain ahead
27:06Air Blue 202, visual with the ground
27:08In the end, the crew tells air traffic control that they are in visual contact with the ground
27:18Now that's not untrue, but it's not the same thing as being visual with the airfield
27:23It feels more like a reply designed to get air traffic control off their backs
27:26Sir, we are approaching terrain ahead
27:30Yes, I know, we are turning left
27:33Pull up, pull up, sir
27:35Pull up, pull up
27:37The captain says he's turning left
27:39But he keeps flying directly towards the hills
27:43Investigators are unable to explain why Captain Chowdhury could not alter his course and steer away from the mountains
27:58Terrain ahead
28:00Sir, turn left
28:02The final minute of the CVR reveals a picture of chaos
28:06Terrain ahead
28:08Pull up, sir
28:10Sir, pull up
28:14They're applying power
28:16Trying to climb
28:18Terrain ahead
28:20Sir, pull up, sir
28:22Pull up
28:24Investigators hear First Officer Ahmed pleading with his captain to pull up
28:28Terrain ahead
28:30Why aren't we turning left?
28:32Pull up
28:34Terrain ahead
28:36Pull up
28:38Terrain, sir
28:40Terrain ahead
28:41Sir, we are going down
28:42Sir, we are going down
28:44Pull up
28:46Message from radar, turn left immediately
28:47Pull up
28:49Sir, we are going down
28:51Pull up
28:52All they had to do
29:03All they had to do was turn away from those hills
29:04Despite reacting to the terrain warnings
29:05The pilots could not steer their plane away from the mountains
29:15I think they knew what was happening
29:20I think they knew that they had to turn left
29:23For some reason the aircraft didn't turn left
29:25Will flight 202's flight data recorder explain why Captain Chowdhury didn't or couldn't turn and avoid the mountains
29:37Can we see the altitude, please?
29:38The minimum altitude is 2,500 feet
29:43Investigators can see that Chowdhury dialed in an altitude below what's permitted
29:51There's only one reason it would drop below that
29:54Commencing right turn
29:59Heading 352
30:00There's no earthly reason for doing it because the minimums are there for a very good reason
30:12The only reason why they ever break the minimums is because they can't see the ground properly and they want to get closer to it
30:19Can we see the flight path?
30:25You see?
30:27He's way off course
30:29In heavy fog
30:30And has clearly lost visual
30:32Let's see the autopilot modes
30:37So...
30:39He asks the automation to take over
30:45More than four miles off course
30:47Captain Chowdhury makes his biggest error
30:51By switching modes on his autopilot
30:55The captain switched from heading mode to nav mode
30:59And the aircraft turned left to heading of 300
31:07Towards the mountain
31:10The Airbus now makes a left turn towards a predetermined waypoint
31:15Bringing the flight dangerously close to the mountains
31:21He's approaching the no-fly zone north of the airfield
31:25From this point on, air traffic control continued to urge the flight to turn left
31:30Because they knew they were in the vicinity of the high mountainous terrain
31:33Terrain ahead
31:36Pull up
31:38Ablo 202 turn left heading 180
31:40Terrain ahead
31:41Why aren't we turning left?
31:43Pull up
31:45Can we see what he's selecting?
31:50He's dialing in the left dirt
31:52Captain Chowdhury uses his heading knob to turn the plane sharply left away from the hills
32:05But the plane, it keeps flying in the same direction
32:11It's not turning
32:12He's still in nav
32:26Investigators realise the captain forgot that his plane was in navigation mode
32:32And not heading mode, which is required to turn the aircraft
32:37If the aircraft is flying in nav mode
32:41It will keep on flying on its predetermined course
32:45Whether or not the crew change the heading select
32:49Terrain ahead
32:50Why aren't we turning left?
32:53Pull up
32:55Captain Chowdhury doesn't realise that his inputs are futile
32:59Pull up
33:01Pull up
33:02In order to get from nav mode into heading mode
33:05You pull the knob out
33:06And that engages heading mode
33:08Pull up
33:10He forgot to pull it out
33:12He realises his error
33:14And pulls the knob here
33:16At 40 seconds before impact
33:17When Captain Chowdhury tries to correct his error
33:32He only makes a bad situation worse
33:35Sir, turn left
33:37Oh
33:38Why is it turning left?
33:39Captain Chowdhury has dialed in so many left turns
33:49That his last input is now to the plane's right
33:53The Airbus takes the shortest route to get to that heading
33:57Directly towards the Margala Hills
34:05He's in heading mode for the rest of the flight
34:06The investigation saw that the Captain was so reliant on the automation that he was trying to turn the aircraft to the left
34:18Asking why the aircraft wasn't turning to the left
34:22But he didn't even use his side stick and actually turn the aircraft to the left manually
34:27Why aren't we turning left?
34:29Terrain ahead
34:30Investigators now know why Captain Chowdhury was unable to turn left and avoid the mountains
34:37But one question remains
34:39Why didn't the first officer recognize the mistakes and do something to correct them?
34:45Sir, we're going down
34:47Pull up
34:51100 knots
34:53Check
34:55Investigators find a possible explanation for the first officer's puzzling behavior
34:59V1
35:01At the very start of flight 202
35:04Rotate
35:06As it took off for Islamabad
35:09The flight starts with the pilots working efficiently as a crew
35:14Positive rate
35:16Gear up
35:18Gear up
35:19The take-off from Karachi is textbook
35:30From initial pushback start-up and all of it till take-off, everything seemed normal
35:39We are clear to climb to flight level
35:43Explain to me why that is blue, but the other symbols are white
35:49The pilots' cordial relationship soon changes
35:53Sir?
35:54There on your display, why is that symbol blue but the others are white?
36:01You should know why that is
36:04I believe it's because the flight plan defers from the current route
36:08No, that's wrong
36:10It's because it's the one being navigated towards basic
36:14Do you know how to modify this point?
36:17From the main menu?
36:20Oh, you don't need to return to the main menu, you can do it on the screen
36:24What did they teach you in that so-called training of yours?
36:28Captain Chowdhury is heard quizzing and berating his first officer
36:35This wasn't normal behaviour
36:38It seems it was only really for the purpose of putting his first officer in his place
36:45Making sure he knew who was in charge and to do as he was told
36:50What's he doing?
36:52What's he doing?
36:54If you don't know how to use the flight management system
36:58Then what use are you in the cockpit?
37:01You might as well go back and help the girls serve tea
37:06Yes
37:09Sorry sir
37:17What about maximum thrust available for climb?
37:20Can you at least tell me what that is?
37:23This has been going on for nearly an hour now
37:25Told ya
37:29Radio ahead to Islamabad for the weather
37:33Do you know how to use the radio?
37:35Yes
37:39Captain Chowdhury is a very experienced pilot
37:42He should know that this is not how he behave
37:46On the flight deck of an airliner
37:47Investigators wonder why Captain Chowdhury would act so aggressively towards his first officer
38:07He was recently treated for diabetes and hypertension
38:11But deemed fit to fly
38:14Anything?
38:16Pilots who flew with him said he was demanding
38:20Sometimes difficult
38:22But nothing at this level
38:25Maybe it had more to do with him
38:28Could the first officer's background have affected his captain's attitude towards him?
38:32The first officer's background have affected his captain's attitude towards him
38:41In Pakistan there has been a hidden rivalry between Air Force pilots
38:45And the people who are in the commercial side already
38:49They feel that the Axi Air Force guys, they are taking away their opportunities
38:53Investigators believe that the captain's abusive behavior might explain one of the mysteries of this tragedy
39:04Why first officer Ahmed never took control of the plane
39:11All the first officer had to do was to take manual control of the aircraft and fly it away from the mountain
39:16Investigators scrutinize first officer Ahmed's actions leading up to the crash of flight 202
39:26His first officer had told the captain to pull up three times and to turn left
39:31Twice
39:33But he never says he's taking control
39:40If I were the first officer, I'd take over the control
39:44Pull back on the side stick to create the max performance maneuver, apply to the thrust
39:49And keep climbing till I'm clear of the hills
39:52The team believes the captain's behavior earlier in the flight explains why the first officer allowed him to mishandle the approach
40:03If you don't know how to use the flight management system, then what use are you in the cockpit?
40:12We have the captain's behavior which was so overbearing, so autocratic, so nasty
40:18That it served to completely shatter the self-confidence of the first officer
40:24First officer Ahmed allows procedures to be set aside
40:29Switch into nav mode for managed approach to runway 12
40:34Okay, sir
40:38And then fails to take control when his captain flies the plane directly towards the mountains
40:44He was so worn down by the captain's harsh behavior that he just couldn't stand up to him
40:51He became a bystander
40:58The first officer clearly knows that what they're doing is wrong
41:02He knows that his captain is disoriented
41:05That the aircraft is on a collision course with a mountain
41:08And yet, somehow, he doesn't have it in him to intervene
41:16Terrain ahead
41:17Pull up
41:19Sir, we are going down!
41:20Sir, we are going down!
41:22Three and a half minutes after the start of the approach
41:25Pull up!
41:26We are going down!
41:28The Airbus slams into the hills
41:30Killing everyone on board
41:33This is one of the most extraordinary accidents I've seen
41:45There were no technical factors in this accident
41:52There was nothing wrong with the aircraft
41:56There was nothing wrong with the engines
41:57It was all a matter of human misjudgment and human error
42:09If he doesn't try the approach in nav mode
42:12There's no accident
42:16All the warning signs were there
42:18Telling them what to do
42:21It should have been easy to recover
42:24Very
42:25If he hadn't taken his first officer out of the picture
42:29Different outcome
42:32Absolutely incredible
42:35It's hard to believe that somebody of his experience
42:45Would make so many errors
42:47And mishandling of the aircraft
42:50The aircraft
42:52It justifies logic
42:57The final report into the crash of AirBlue Flight 202
43:02Makes several recommendations to Pakistani airlines
43:06Including better briefings on the circling approach procedures
43:10And better crew management training
43:15This accident shows the cockpit management
43:17And the atmosphere in the cockpit that's set by the captain
43:21Is just as important as an operating aircraft and operating engines
43:25And in 2018, the airport in Islamabad is replaced with a more modern airport
43:32With two runways that are well away from the hills that claim the lives of the 152 people on board flight 202
43:39As I learned more
43:45I really felt extremely bad
43:49I felt very sad about that loss
43:54It was a preventable accident
43:59It was a preventable accident
44:00It was a preventable accident
44:01It was a preventable accident
44:02It was a preventable accident
44:03It was a preventable accident
44:04It was a preventable accident
44:05It was a preventable accident
44:06It was a preventable accident
44:07It was a preventable accident
44:08It was a preventable accident
44:09It was a preventable accident
44:10It was a preventable accident
44:11It was a preventable accident
44:12It was a preventable accident
44:13It was a preventable accident
44:14It was a preventable accident
44:15It was a preventable accident
44:16It was a preventable accident
44:17It was a preventable accident
44:18It was a preventable accident
44:19It was a preventable accident
44:20It was a preventable accident
44:21It was a preventable accident
44:22It was a preventable accident
44:23It was a preventable accident
44:24It was a preventable accident
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