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00:00The Mediterranean, May 1954. A 21-gun salute for a new Queen aboard the Royal Yacht Britannia.
00:21A demonstration of naval power reminiscent of the origins of the British Empire.
00:27Warships of the line guarding a sovereign queen across the oceans she rules.
00:36Queen Elizabeth II is at the end of a grand tour of her empire.
00:43But Britain's power is under threat like never before.
00:49India, the greatest of all its imperial possessions, has gone.
00:54In death, Mahatma Gandhi has become a symbol of hope for all those seeking independence.
01:03His words prophesying the end of empire to come.
01:07If India becomes free, the rest will follow.
01:16There will be no peace for Great Britain in Palestine.
01:20We've been betrayed by Britain.
01:22Therefore, we wage war upon you.
01:31Our independence is really made for letting the length of the border reflection of the African Britain.
01:36akah Games and Swifert?
01:39We've also hit the next generation of an enemy to
01:49find that the European Empire willращively operate against the island in the island in the island.
01:55Kern, the��를عة and tiene a tree hopper.
01:57He is joined by the United States itself.
01:59Kuala Lumpur, 1945, at the end of the Second World War.
02:16Defeated Japanese troops are still at liberty on the streets.
02:25September 13, General Ushuri Ishigura formally surrenders all Japanese forces in Malaya to British General Ouvry Roberts.
02:38The British Empire in the Far East is restored.
02:46Empire troops march in celebration.
02:52Among them, men of the Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army, who have fought as part of the Empire.
03:00But within three years, many of these soldiers will be involved in a bitter struggle against British forces in an attempted Communist takeover of Malaya.
03:12The British Empire will become embroiled in the Cold War.
03:22Winston Churchill, 1946.
03:25In a great number of countries, far from the Russian frontiers, the Communist Party constitute a growing challenge to Christian civilization.
03:35This is the Pempsense.
03:45The emergency in Malaya has been going on for over three and a half years.
03:50I asked Mrs. Lucy, how is she managed?
03:53They don't deserve any mercy.
03:55They have committed such terrible atrocities.
03:58They are just like wild beasts.
04:02A radio interview with Joan Lucy, the wife of a plantation owner at the height of the Malayan emergency.
04:09The European owners of the vitally important rubber industry are an obvious target for the Communist terrorists.
04:18I was quite envious of my husband when he shot one the other day.
04:22I could in some way repay the death of my friends by getting one or two in return.
04:30As the authorities round up more and more suspected Communist sympathizers, the rebels retreat deeper and deeper into the Malayan jungle.
04:45Bruce Leeming, a 19-year-old lieutenant with the Highland Light Infantry, on his first jungle mission, April 1953.
04:57Patrolling and sleeping in the jungle.
05:00Torrential rain, swamps, leeches, mosquitoes, prickly heat all over our skins.
05:09We haven't stopped sweating since we left Aiden.
05:13I dream constantly of frost and snow.
05:16Oh, to walk free in the kilt again, instead of this clinging, sodden, jungle green kit.
05:27British military operations are under the command of the High Commissioner, General Sir Gerald Templer.
05:37I'm doing my level best to get a move on with the helicopters.
05:42We can now get our men, including the SAS, into primary jungle without any landing zone at all.
05:49I am determined to cut off the dragon's head, which lives deep in the jungle.
05:55Not just stick pins into his behind.
05:58The British pioneer the use of helicopters in jungle warfare.
06:05Over 45,000 Empire troops are deployed.
06:12Templer's strategy is to isolate the rebels from the local population.
06:28The natives hold the key to the deep jungle.
06:35Without native food, the terrorists can't survive.
06:40The answer is not more and more troops into the jungle, but winning the hearts and minds of the Malayan people.
06:48A costly and drawn-out campaign over nine years leads to British victory.
07:07By 1957, the Communist revolt is effectively at an end.
07:14Over six and a half thousand communist rebels are dead.
07:19Government dead number almost two and a half thousand, including more than 500 British troops.
07:27In the same year, Britain grants Malaya its independence.
07:39The leader of Malaya's democratic alliance and its first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman.
07:47Whether we look to the east or to the west, we will always be friends with Great Britain.
07:56In just 12 years, following victory in the Second World War, Britain's empire in the Far East has all but gone.
08:15Palestine, 1936. The Holy Land for Jews, Christians and Muslims.
08:26Palestine had been placed under British control after the First World War by a League of Nations mandate.
08:33In 1917, Foreign Minister Arthur Balfour had declared British sympathy with the idea of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine.
08:47Palestine.
08:57Over the next 20 years, Jewish settlers pour into the country to escape discrimination elsewhere.
09:04David Ben Gurion, a Jewish leader.
09:11The Jewish problem was never as acute as in these days.
09:16The world is barred against us.
09:19And outside of Palestine, there is no hope to look forward to.
09:23But Palestine has been an Arab land for centuries.
09:28At present, there is the difficult question of the Arab tenant farmers and Bedouin.
09:34But by agreement with the Syrian government, it would be possible to transfer large numbers to northern Syria.
09:41The land there is cheap and plentiful.
09:46The tide of refugees overwhelms the Palestinian Arabs as tens of thousands of Jews seek sanctuary in Palestine to escape persecution in Hitler's Germany.
09:57In April 1936, the Arabs rise in revolt against the growing number of Jewish immigrants.
10:16An open letter to British forces in Palestine from the leaders of the Arab revolt.
10:22The cruelty is to try and deprive us of our homes and our honor.
10:28To give our lands to the Jews, who are expelled by all the civilized nations.
10:34We are your friends if you behave faithfully.
10:37We are men of dignity and valor.
10:40We will never betray you.
10:43But you are our enemy when you try to do us harm.
10:47After attacks by the Arabs, the Jews arm themselves and fortify their settlements.
11:00The British send in extra troops.
11:06Major David Kennard, Coldstream Guards.
11:1018th of October 1936.
11:13After Lydda, the line twisted up the sides of the ravines.
11:18The scenery was fascinating, but no vegetation of any kind.
11:22Just loose stones.
11:24One of the men was heard to remark,
11:27Cor blimey, I thought that this was a land flowing with milk and honey.
11:31Well, as far as I can see, it's 15 men to a tin of milk and no bloody bees.
11:36As the revolt continues, the British army rounds up hundreds of Arab suspects.
11:46The whole battalion cordoned Silwan.
11:59We searched it, finding 70 wanted men.
12:06One Arab woman was in a frenzy, tearing her hair and her garments.
12:11I stayed behind to help our informer.
12:21We had great difficulty getting away,
12:23as the women had rushed the prisoners and tried to lynch our informer.
12:31Arab suspects are interned in detention camps.
12:35A young Arab leader.
12:41In the old days, the Arabs never objected to the Jews.
12:46Nobody begrudged them the Wailing Wall and what it meant to them.
12:50But when the Jews became Zionists, it was a different matter.
12:55Now they are arrogant and aggressive.
12:58Our relationship with them is impossible.
13:02The British High Commissioner in Palestine, Sir Harold McMichael, September 1938.
13:14The position is deteriorating rapidly.
13:18This Arab revolt is an attempt to achieve the complete reversal of government policy regarding Jewish immigration.
13:26With war looming against Germany, the British government does reverse its position.
13:35Britain will need its Arab allies.
13:39And their oil.
13:41British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain.
13:45April 1939.
13:47We are now compelled to consider the Palestine problem from the point of view of its effect on the international situation.
13:57If we must offend one side, let us offend the Jews rather than the Arabs.
14:04The British decide to limit Jewish immigration so that a future Palestinian state will be controlled by an Arab majority.
14:16The Jewish settlers are left barricaded in their camps.
14:22Colonel Richard Meinertsagen, a British officer who served in Palestine during the First World War.
14:35The action of His Majesty's government in Palestine is very near to that of Hitler in Germany.
14:41We have dishonoured our promises to the Jews.
14:44After 20 years of incredible effort in Palestine, the Jews are asked to abandon their national home at the bidding of Arab violence.
14:56But it will be the violence of the Second World War which will change forever the history of Palestine.
15:06Six million Jews will die in the Holocaust.
15:21For the survivors of the Holocaust, Palestine is their salvation.
15:28The diary of a Polish Jew, a survivor of the death camps.
15:33Part of the exodus of Jewish refugees to Palestine at the end of the war.
15:38I am Garshan Rabinovich from Krakow in Poland.
15:43From where I stand, Palestine looks like paradise.
15:48It is the first clear light I have seen in all my 17 years.
15:54It is hard to say what we see as our ship touches the promised land.
15:59For our eyes are filled with tears.
16:05Do you know what it is to be welcomed after a lifetime of being hated and hunted from land to land?
16:13The British are still trying to impose their pre-war policy to limit Jewish immigration.
16:29Many ships carrying Jewish refugees are turned away or have their passengers detained.
16:36John Watson, a soldier from Hampshire, serving in Haifa.
16:45I tried to put myself into the position of one of those poor people who have suffered years of concentration camps, hunger and misery.
16:55Thousands on a tiny ship, within sight of the land they have dreamed of.
17:01Then, the British destroyers forced them aground and towed them off to captivity.
17:09And more concentration camps.
17:12By the end of 1945, British forces in Palestine are in the midst of a Jewish revolt.
17:31Even more violent than the pre-war Arab revolt.
17:35The Jewish defense force, the Haganah, and its terrorist offshoot, the Stern Gang, try to force the British authorities to open Palestine to the thousands of Jews desperate to enter the country.
17:50Geullah Cohen, a member of the Stern Gang.
17:57There will be no peace for Great Britain in Palestine.
18:02Jewish fighters will strike for their people.
18:08We've been betrayed by Britain.
18:11Therefore, we condemn you.
18:14Therefore, we wage war upon you.
18:20Here is the news.
18:22This is Richard Williams calling from Jerusalem.
18:25Saturday night, heavy firing broke out.
18:28Members of the Stern Gang had attacked two Arab houses, alleged to be snipers' posts.
18:34They succeeded in blowing them up.
18:39Michael Lang, a British soldier serving in Palestine.
18:43The Jewish terrorist group, the Stern Gang, have blown up the government admin wing of the King David Hotel.
18:49Jerusalem.
18:50A hundred believe killed.
18:52Many others injured.
18:54Casualties include Arabs, Jews, and British.
19:01There's something particularly obscene about indiscriminate murder by terrorists posing as freedom fighters.
19:08Despite escalating terrorist activity, the horror of the Holocaust has had a profound effect on world opinion, especially in America.
19:22There is little support for Britain's continued involvement.
19:25An unnamed British officer.
19:26The people of Britain are tired and are not prepared for a row.
19:39They disapprove of British soldiers losing their lives and feel that the answer would be to clear out and leave the Jews and Arabs to settle the matter in their own way.
19:53In September 1947, the British government surrenders its mandate in Palestine.
20:05Ernest Bevin, British Foreign Secretary.
20:08Ernest Bevin, British Foreign Secretary.
20:12We have decided that we are unable to impose a solution of our own.
20:17The only course now open to us is to submit the problem to the judgment of the United Nations.
20:23All British troops will be withdrawn by the middle of 1948.
20:34But not before further bloodshed.
20:39Michael Lang.
20:41Riots in Jerusalem.
20:44Burning of Jewish shops.
20:47Possible to see smoke from my window.
20:50Curfew now imposed in Arab areas.
20:53The Jews say they will be able to protect a new state and maintain order.
20:59The Arabs say to us, we have no argument with you.
21:03Go home, Inglesi, and we will push the Jews into the sea.
21:08What does the future hold?
21:12It looks bleak indeed.
21:1314th of May 1948.
21:14The new state of Israel is proclaimed under the leadership of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurri.
21:28The new Jewish state is immediately convulsed by war, with its own Arab population and its Arab neighbours.
21:40Egypt, Syria, and Jordan.
21:46Within six months, Israel's galvanized citizen army is victorious on all fronts.
21:52Over 6,000 Israelis die.
22:07Combined Arab losses total more than 15,000.
22:10700,000 Palestinian Arabs flee the new state of Israel.
22:25Sabia Abu Latifa.
22:29We wanted to flee before the Jews would recognize us.
22:32We were afraid they would shoot us.
22:36We only took a few clothes.
22:39We didn't think we'd go forever.
22:43The Israeli army marches in victory.
22:49Britain's 30-year rule in the Holy Land has come to an ignominious end.
22:54Richard Meinertshaugen.
22:55The British government has abandoned Palestine, same as in India.
23:05We have had to slink out, despised by all.
23:08We have left behind a hatred that will not die for generations.
23:12It is a glaring admission of failure, unprecedented in the history of our empire.
23:24The British Empire was in a Temple.
23:26The British Empire Modern Re Saiyanmas
23:54had attracted adventurers and dreamers to its vast wilderness.
24:06Errol Whittle settled in East Africa after the Second World War.
24:14Life in England may have become a highly organized business,
24:19but Africa never changes.
24:24With each day there comes some new enchantment,
24:28which grips the imagination.
24:32Vast plains with lakes and mountains,
24:36and always the sky's unresting clouds,
24:41sifting the sunlight across the hills and valleys.
24:54For many, the British Empire in Africa is an opportunity to teach and to heal.
25:00Sister Mary Ignatius, Uganda, 1954.
25:09Our life in Africa is very humble.
25:12We cherish the simplicities of life.
25:15We don't need much more.
25:21The joy we find, which makes our work so worthwhile, is brought by the children.
25:28They have so little, so few opportunities, and then to be struck by blindness, it's tragic.
25:36As well as medicine and education, the British also bring Christianity.
25:46A Scottish missionary in Uganda in the 1950s, Gordon Robertson.
25:51The heathen races of Africa are lost souls.
25:57They suffer because they have not heard the word of the Lord Jesus.
26:01The Gospel is the only means by which they can be saved.
26:05Thousands of teachers, doctors, and missionaries devote their lives to serving the Empire.
26:15It's sick and illiterate, and it's supposed lost souls.
26:26The rolling hills of the Aberdeer Mountains in Kenya are a home from home for many British settlers.
26:33They become known as the White Highlands.
26:39But they are also the home of the Kukuyu tribe.
26:54Gushu Gekoyo is a Kukuyu farmer.
26:58I often ask myself why the British send their children all the way from home
27:02to a land that is not theirs.
27:05I have come to the conclusion that the white man is a thief by nature.
27:11Cherry Lander, a widow who runs her own farm on the foothills of Mount Elgon, is a coffee pioneer.
27:22There would never have been any Kenya if there hadn't been settlers, tough enough to endure the first awful years.
27:32They have given Kenya their youth, knowing that they could make nothing of it in their short lifespan.
27:38But they were building a future for their children, and their children's children.
27:47Gushu Gekoyo becomes a follower of Jomo Kenyatta.
27:51The leader of the Kenya African Union, who is campaigning for independence.
28:00At a meeting in Theka, Kenyatta asked us whether we want to fight for our land.
28:05We replied, yes.
28:08Are you waiting then until the white man has bred into this country like rabbits?
28:14No, we replied. We want to fight now.
28:19Then realize that the tree of freedom is red, not with water, but with blood.
28:26Kenyatta becomes the figurehead for Kenya's nationalism.
28:37But behind him, a much more radical movement emerges.
28:42Mau Mau.
28:491951.
28:51The king's African rifles patrol the thick forests of the White Highlands,
28:55as Kikuyu resentment at the occupation of their land escalates into armed rebellion.
29:06The rebels express their loyalty to the cause through a blood ritual,
29:11the Mau Mau Oath.
29:17Gruesome stories about the oath-taking ceremony are so potent
29:21that British filmmakers recreate them as propaganda.
29:28But Mau Mau's sympathizer, Josiah Karaoke, recalls the fearsome words of his own oath.
29:34I will obey all orders of the Mau Mau, or this oath will kill me.
29:35If I'm cold in the night, and I refuse to come, this oath will kill me.
29:37If I'm told to bring in the head of a white man, and I refuse, this oath will kill me.
29:41If I'm cold in the night, and I refuse to come, this oath will kill me.
29:50If I'm told to bring in the head of a white man, and I refuse, this oath will kill me.
29:55Over 100,000 Kikuyu take the Mau Mau Oath.
30:04Sir Michael Blundell, the leader of Kenya's White Settlers.
30:09Sir Michael Blundell, the leader of Kenya's White Settlers.
30:17October 20th, 1952.
30:20The Governor asked to see me in his room at Government House.
30:24There he told me that a declaration of emergency had been made,
30:28and that a battalion of the army would be arriving in Kenya by air.
30:32He outlined the arrangements for the arrest and detention of 187 of the ringleaders of Mau Mau, including Kenyatta.
30:47In December, Kenyatta is put on trial.
30:51By now, Mau Mau has begun to attack and kill white settlers.
30:56After four months in court, the presiding judge, Ransley Thacker, himself a white settler, delivers a damning seven-hour judgment.
31:12You have plunged many Africans back to a state which shows little humanity.
31:17Your Mau Mau society has slaughtered without mercy, defenseless men, women and children.
31:22You have much to answer for, and for that, you will be punished.
31:30Kenyatta is sentenced to seven years hard labor.
31:35Thacker flies to Britain immediately after the trial, having been given £20,000 by the Government to facilitate his permanent relocation in England.
31:46March 1953, the worst atrocity of the Mau Mau uprising takes place at Lari, a protected settlement of Kukuyu loyal to the British, north of Nairobi.
32:0997 people are burned or hacked to death.
32:12The government report of the massacre.
32:27The sleeping Kukuyu people awoke to find flames roaring above them, as the Mau Mau fired the tinder-dry thatched roofs.
32:37Men, women and children, forcing their way out of the windows were caught and butchered.
32:44Mangled corpses all mingled with the smoking ashes of the burnt homesteads.
32:49white farmers and their families continue to be attacked under the cover of darkness on their isolated farms.
33:07The wife of a farmer, Marjorie Purham.
33:23The country has been darkened by a murderous hate.
33:28It is hard to believe that as the sun goes down, gangs in the forest are preparing to set out, not only to murder Europeans, but to burn alive and hack to death their own neighbours.
33:41And their wives and children.
33:49The Europeans form vigilante groups.
33:52Their avowed policy, shoot on sight.
33:55Kukuyus are required to live in protected villages, watched over by the loyal Kukuyu guard, leaving the Mau Mau isolated in the forests.
34:09The British army is deployed into the forests.
34:20The Royal Air Force into the skies above them.
34:25The commander in chief.
34:38British forces in the Kenya colony.
34:40General Sir George Erskine.
34:4216th of October, 1953.
34:46We have reached a turning point, which is decisive for good or evil.
34:51There have been no spectacular battles, but you cannot expect that in the thick jungle.
35:03The military operations have met with success.
35:15Martial law is strictly enforced.
35:21At the height of the rebellion, over 80,000 Kukuyu are held in detention camps.
35:33A detainee, Josiah Karioki.
35:38Solitary confinement was one of the worst experiences of my life.
35:43A missionary came to visit me, and seemed almost to be crying when he saw me.
35:50Later, we were hammered by the riot squad, and 35 detainees were crippled.
35:58Some permanently.
36:00I felt very bitter against Malo, one of the camp officers nicknamed Mapiga the Hitter.
36:13Depping into my precious funds, I bribed a order to get me writing materials.
36:18I sent letters to Barbara Castle MP.
36:24Barbara Castle, the opposition Labour MP for Blackburn, part of a vocal group in Britain,
36:30increasingly concerned about conduct in the colonies.
36:33I receive letters every day from detainees on these subjects.
36:38I have a pile of letters here so deep that I don't know where to store them.
36:44In the heart of the British Empire, there is a police state where the rule of law has broken down.
36:51Where the murders and torture of Africans by Europeans goes unpunished.
36:57And where authorities, pledged to enforce justice, regularly connive at its violation.
37:07Criticism of British action has little impact in Kenya.
37:12Informers within the Kikuyu community are used to identify Mau Mau sympathisers.
37:21Loyal witch doctors are recruited to administer cleansing rituals, overseen by British clergymen.
37:32Do you confess that you have taken the Mau Mau oath?
37:38Do you seek forgiveness through the blood of Christ our Saviour?
37:41Do you affirm that by the help and grace of God you will confess the faith of Christ and fight against the world, the flesh and the devil?
38:01Only when cleansed are the Kikuyu released from detention.
38:06In May 1955, Geoffrey Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury, visits Kenya to commemorate the dead of the loyal Kikuyu guard.
38:21We started at 8.15 to go to Fort Hall.
38:27Lots of barbed wire and tribal guards.
38:30Laid the foundation stone of the Martyr's Memorial Church.
38:36Five thousand Kikuyu were there.
38:40I said, I address you as my friends, whether in your heart you are my friends or not, only God can tell.
38:52After, I walked around the square.
38:56When I greeted the crowds, they waved eagerly.
39:03I estimated 10% loyal.
39:0720% more inclined to be than not.
39:1150% more inclined to Mau Mau than not.
39:1510 to 20% Mau Mau at heart.
39:21What a day.
39:22Over 2,000 people loyal to British rule in Kenya died during the Mau Mau rebellion, including 95 Europeans.
39:41Mau Mau deaths total more than 11,000.
39:44During mass trials, a thousand detainees are executed.
39:54But the harsh regime coincides with land reforms for Kikuyu farmers and political reforms for all Africans in Kenya.
40:10By 1956, the Mau Mau rebellion is over, but the cry for independence is being heard throughout Africa.
40:23Nigeria, 1943, Britain's largest colony in Africa.
40:39The tin mines of the Joss Plateau.
40:42The harsh reality of empire.
40:47Michael Grayson, an education officer.
40:49The local tribe, the Pilgani, are a fine body of people.
40:54Their only dress is a bunch of leaves worn fore and aft.
40:58These, I am told, are changed every day.
41:01And there are various fashions in type of leaf and in the arrangement.
41:05When supplies of tin from the Far East had disappeared after the Japanese occupation in 1942, the British had begun to use the Pilgani as forced labour to extract the vital deposits.
41:23The use of forced labour causes grave concern in Britain.
41:27Answers are demanded in the House of Commons.
41:29Colonel George Stanley, Secretary of State for the Colonies, March 1943.
41:39The number of workers employed in the Nigerian tin mines is 14,098.
41:45While the conditions cannot be regarded as entirely satisfactory, due to the attempt to attain the maximum production of tin, it has recently been decided to award a bonus of four shillings a month to all mine workers.
42:02Britain's policy for the empire in Africa after the Second World War had planned for a gradual move to independence, but only after 20 to 30 years.
42:22However, as in Kenya, impatience with British rule is growing in West Africa.
42:32The nationalist leader of the Gold Coast, Kwame Nkrumah.
42:37Despite fine sentiments trumpeted from the housetops by imperialists, the empire is nothing but the enslavement of one country by another.
42:48The Gold Coast is an enslaved country.
42:53We must rid ourselves of the paralysing grip of imperialist power.
43:05Britain's ability to resist nationalist demands is diminishing rapidly.
43:10The huge costs of containing the emergencies in Malaya and Kenya have undermined Britain's finances.
43:21Then, in November 1956, Britain engages in a futile military adventure, Suez.
43:29The forces are massing for a landing in the Suez Canal zone.
43:32Dr. Edith Summerskill, Labour MP.
43:33We went into Egypt as a great power in 1882 and told them that we were only going to stay there temporarily.
43:50Here we see now, as we speak, bombers going over the small towns of Egypt and intimidating the inhabitants.
44:05And I listened in to the radio just now and we were being told how wonderful it was that we were managing to intimidate a little country whose only source of wealth is one river and one canal.
44:25The attempt to hold on to the Suez Canal against Egyptian claims ends within days in an embarrassing retreat.
44:44The United States refuses to support Britain's position.
44:52Britain's imperial might passes into history.
45:05Almost simultaneously, it is announced that independence for the Gold Coast will follow within a year.
45:15Kwame Nkrumah, the first Prime Minister of a newly named Ghana.
45:20There is a new African in the world.
45:24That new African is ready to fight his own battle and show that, after all, the black man is capable of marriage in the world of us.
45:31The end of British rule in Ghana becomes the first of a succession of Independence Day celebrations across Africa.
45:52Britain's Prime Minister, Sir Harold Macmillan, on tour in Africa in 1960.
45:58We have seen the awakening of national consciousness in peoples who have for centuries lived in dependence upon some other power.
46:11The wind of change is blowing through this continent.
46:16Whether we like it or not, this growth of national consciousness is a political fact.
46:23Between 1957 and 1968, twelve colonies of the British Empire in Africa will become independent.
46:40In 1963, it's Kenya's turn.
46:42Jomo Kenyatta, freed from detention, is Kenya's new leader.
46:49This is one of the happiest days of my life.
46:53British journalist James Cameron witnesses Kenya's independent celebrations.
46:58The Europeans, who once declared that the solution to Kenya's problems could best be found in the public hanging of Mr. Kenyatta, are now insisting, things will be alright, as long as nothing happens to Jomo.
47:13Kenya is about to find, as all her predecessors have found, that the miracle of freedom creates as many problems as it solves.
47:22As for Britain, it is left to come to terms with the end of empire.
47:41Former U.S. Secretary of State, Dean Acheson.
47:44Great Britain has lost an empire and has not yet found a role.
47:51A role as the head of a commonwealth which has no strength is about played out.
47:59Great Britain, attempting to work alone between the United States and Russia, conducts policy as weak as its military power.
48:08Her Majesty's government is now attempting to enter Europe.
48:15Wisely, in my opinion.
48:38Thebigast has lostрыns at 트리, feat.
48:39The
48:53Lei of U.S. Secretary of State after developing a national battleground atestone.
48:58ults must pass.
49:01The
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