- 4 hours ago
ESSENCE CEO Caroline Wanga explores Black women as chief executive officers of home, culture, and community and focuses on helping every Black woman recognize the “chief” that already exists within her—by introducing her to the chiefs who live among us.
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00:00I was the first woman to ask for that position in my constituency.
00:07And then they said, how come a woman coming this way,
00:10asking to become a member of parliament for this constituency?
00:14A woman? No way.
00:16So I had to campaign hard to tell them a woman can do the same as men do.
00:22So, Madame President, it's wonderful to have you here with us.
00:30We have an audience of over 30 million people in their communities
00:34that have the opportunity to meet you through this time here.
00:39And I have to take a point of personal privilege and just tell you
00:42that being a little Kenyan girl talking to a Tanzanian girl
00:47who is now president of a country is a moment I didn't know if I would ever see.
00:51And so I have to make sure that I'm also managing my own emotion
00:55in what is a moment that I can remember being in Kenya
00:58and looking at women succeed and watching you
01:02and being able to sit here with you is just an honor and privilege for me,
01:06my family, my lineage in East Africa.
01:08I'm delighted to. I'm delighted to.
01:10Yes, I am too.
01:12So let's start with a really simple question.
01:15Yes.
01:16Who is Madame President?
01:19What do you want people to know about who you are as a person?
01:25I'm a woman from Tanzania, born in Zanzibar, like 62 years back.
01:36And I'm fourth born in a family of nine from my mother,
01:42but 15 kids from my father.
01:45Wow.
01:46Yeah.
01:47And I'm coming from a very humble family.
01:51My father was a teacher and my mother used to work for us at home.
01:57And I'm married with four kids, three sons, one daughter,
02:04and various grandkids.
02:07Various grandkids.
02:08Yes.
02:08I love that.
02:09Yeah.
02:10I love that.
02:11You talked about the role that your mother and that your father played,
02:14and your father was a teacher.
02:15What did your parents inspire in you?
02:18Oh, maybe they brought us following the African culture.
02:30So we were brought within the African culture, by African culture,
02:37that we are all one.
02:40The whole family is one.
02:43No discrimination, whether a boy or a girl.
02:47We all had our own responsibilities to take care for one another.
02:53And, of course, my father was a teacher,
02:57so he was very strict for us to get our education.
03:02Okay.
03:02And most of us, yes, at least we have gone to school.
03:08Yeah.
03:08Yeah, so that's what my father and mother did for us.
03:14Yes.
03:15Yeah.
03:15You talked about the teaching that we are one.
03:19Yes.
03:19And we are collective.
03:20Yes.
03:21And as people of the African continent have been spread all over the world.
03:26Yes.
03:26Over many, many centuries.
03:28What does being one body look like with people of African descent now all over the world
03:35due to the diaspora?
03:37How do we operate as one, even if we're not all in the same continent?
03:41Yeah.
03:42I've been hearing some of them looking for where they come from.
03:48And some of them have been managed to, following the science, they've been managed to know where
03:56they were coming from, the, how do we call it, the ancestors, where they came from.
04:03Yeah.
04:04And so they knew their roots.
04:07So being Africans, being one, having had that need to know where they come from, that means
04:18as Africans, they want to go back home.
04:21We operate as one.
04:22And build our Africa.
04:25Yeah.
04:25So that's being, that's what I mean being one.
04:30Yeah.
04:31And you know, wherever we are.
04:32Yeah.
04:33As long as you are African and you meet fellow African, you have to go and greet, even if
04:38you are speaking different languages, but you can say, hi, how are you?
04:42Where are you coming from?
04:44Yeah.
04:44At least, yeah.
04:46I love that so much because I think that in the way that the African continent got spread
04:51all over the world, there were messages sent that we aren't supposed to operate as one.
04:56Right?
04:57That was part of dividing us apart.
04:58And so the simple advice to be human and just greet one another.
05:02Yes.
05:02When we see another family member, as simple as it sound, it's profound.
05:06Oh, yes.
05:07Because it was part of what we were asked not to do.
05:10So you're born in Zanzibar.
05:12You have this wonderful family that you're very close with.
05:16How do you go from Zanzibar to president of Tanzania?
05:21What is that journey for those that are watching this and have aspirations to be great?
05:28I started as a clerk in a government ministry.
05:36And then when I was there, I really was feeling that this is not a place for me.
05:45So I started attending some courses just to add my qualifications.
05:54Then I did my advanced diploma in public administration in Tanzania.
06:02Then I went for the postgraduate diploma in economics in Manchester University.
06:08Then I did my master's in community economic development with the Open University of Tanzania
06:18and Southern New Hampshire University in USA.
06:21So that's the level of education I'm having.
06:23Yes.
06:24But then I've been working as a government officer for so many years.
06:29And then I jumped working with an international organization, the World Food Programme, for about nine years.
06:37Then I went back to the government for some few months.
06:43Then I thought I should join the civil society organizations.
06:48And I joined them in Zanzibar and I became an executive director for the Association of NJUs in Zanzibar.
07:00And from there in 2000, that's when I got that idea of let me go and join the parliament in Zanzibar.
07:10We call it the House of Representatives.
07:13So I had that idea and I asked people how can I get there.
07:17So they told me what to do and I did it and I just found I was there.
07:24So in 2000, I became an active politician.
07:29And that's when I became a minister for youth, employment, women and children development for five years.
07:39And then from there, I went for the second election and I won and I became again a minister.
07:46For tourism, investment, investment and trade in Zanzibar.
07:52Then in 2010, that's when I said let me now join the union parliament.
07:58Yeah.
07:59So I became a member of the union government and that's when I became a minister in the vice president's office.
08:09So from there in 2015, we went for a general election.
08:17And that's when my party proposed me to be, how do you call it, a vice to the candidate for the presidency.
08:28Yeah.
08:29So we went for campaigning and we won and that's when I became a vice president, first female vice president in Tanzania.
08:38And then our constitution allows that whatever happened to the president when he's, when death takes him or her or when he or she becomes ineffective working.
08:54So the vice president takes over and that's when I became a president after the misloss of our dear president, John Pompey Magufoli.
09:07So that's when I became a president and here I am working for my country.
09:11I'm so inspired.
09:16And I also know that your journey is remarkable.
09:21Mm-hmm.
09:21But I can imagine that you ran into barriers.
09:25Oh, yes.
09:25Barriers that might be tied to a lot of different things.
09:28Yes.
09:29What were some of those and how did you work through them?
09:32The barriers were first when I wanted to become a politician from the activism background because I was working with a civil society organization and I wasn't very much following the culture of my place.
09:53So when I went to the constituencies asking for a vote, they were like, oh, she's a mzungu coming this way.
10:06A mzungu.
10:07You have to tell the people what the mzungu is.
10:08The European or white person.
10:10There you go.
10:11Yes, a white person, a mzungu people.
10:13Yeah.
10:14Coming to this constituency, then I had to try hard educating them, telling them that I'm not a mzungu, I'm coming from this place.
10:22Exactly.
10:22I'm a doctor of so-and-so.
10:24Yes.
10:25Yeah.
10:25So that's when they said, oh, okay.
10:28So they give me all their votes.
10:32So that's challenge number one.
10:34Challenge number two, I was the first woman to ask for that position in my constituency.
10:42And then they said, how come a woman coming this way, asking to become a member of parliament for this constituency?
10:49A woman?
10:49No way.
10:50So I had to campaign hard to tell them a woman can do the same as men do.
10:58So, but then we have these women counselors.
11:01Yes.
11:02So those are the ones I worked with.
11:04Okay.
11:04I said, if they insult me, it's not me.
11:07Yes.
11:07It's you.
11:08Yeah.
11:08All of us.
11:09So you have to work hard, all of us.
11:11You have to work hard for me to go through.
11:13Yes.
11:14And then I'll get you go through.
11:16That's right.
11:16So they did it.
11:17So it was women power.
11:20Powered by women.
11:21Yeah.
11:21Yeah.
11:21It was powered by women.
11:22Yes.
11:23So I get through.
11:24And that's, that's a challenge.
11:26But then the challenge didn't stop in the constituencies.
11:29I imagine not.
11:30Even when you go up.
11:31Yeah.
11:32Even today.
11:33There are still some people who can't believe that a woman can be a president.
11:38Well.
11:39And she can deliver the same way or more than men did or does.
11:45So that's a challenge.
11:48So for those who are listening that may believe that, that may believe that a woman cannot be
11:54as great of a president or even greater than a man president.
11:59That there is something wrong or off if a woman is in a leadership role.
12:04What would you say to those that believe that to be true?
12:10I'll just can say that human beings are the same.
12:16You know, when we are born, we are born equally.
12:21It's only the cultures and the way we are brought up that separates us.
12:26Of course, we do have the natural roles of which I, as a woman, ought to bear child in my womb.
12:38Men can do that.
12:40And for me, that's a very, very, how should I say, a noble, noble responsibility given by God.
12:48But then that's the only difference.
12:52Otherwise, intelligence-wise, we are all the same.
12:59That depends how the environment which brought you up.
13:03Women can be more intelligent than men.
13:06Men can be more intelligent than women.
13:09Depends on the environment which brought you up.
13:11But in other words, human beings are the same.
13:15They can perform the same job which men can do and women can do.
13:20Especially those which needs common sense.
13:23Or those which needs using our brains.
13:27Not the using our brains.
13:28Not the masculine ones.
13:29The masculine ones, they can do much more than ourselves.
13:32But they can't bear kids.
13:34I can bear kids.
13:35Yeah.
13:35So, yeah.
13:37The noble responsibility that's so powerful.
13:39Yes.
13:40So, if I'm a woman listening to you, and I believe that I have the same intelligence or more,
13:48the same aspiration or more, the same passion or more, but I'm afraid,
13:54what do you say to me if I'm simply afraid?
13:58It's confidence.
14:00You have to be confident of what you want to do.
14:03Where do I go find it?
14:05Confidence in you.
14:06Confidence in you.
14:07And you have to listen to yourself, your inner self.
14:12You have to listen to what it tells you.
14:14If it tells you you can do it, then follow it.
14:17You can do it.
14:18You have to be confident and say, I can do it.
14:22Yeah.
14:23There is something called collaborative activism.
14:27Yes.
14:28That you engage in.
14:30What is that?
14:32And how is it different than just activism?
14:35What does it mean?
14:36What does it produce?
14:38How do you go about it?
14:39Maybe we should define activism first.
14:41Let's do that.
14:42Because some people, when they hear the word activism,
14:47Yeah.
14:48They think it's something of rebellion.
14:52You know, rebellion, that acting different to what other people are doing.
15:00Yeah.
15:00But activism could be very positive.
15:04Because when our forefathers were fighting for our independence,
15:08That was activism, but activism for a positive cause, not for a negative cause.
15:15Yeah.
15:15So, when you talk of collective activism, we'll have to know our agendas.
15:23For example, we might have an agenda of food security.
15:30Africa is a food basket continent.
15:33What does that mean for those that may not know?
15:35Food basket continent, that Africa, we can produce food for this world.
15:41And different type of foods.
15:43Name it.
15:45Fruits, vegetables, name it.
15:50Name them.
15:51You can produce in Africa.
15:53So, for us to produce more, we have to have a collective responsibility.
16:00Collective activism, asking those who have got the means and money to point to Africa.
16:08So that Africa can produce, not only for Africa, but for the world.
16:13Yeah.
16:13Yeah.
16:14It's a collective effort for a collective good.
16:18Yes.
16:18Agnostic of the individual that might be playing.
16:23Yeah.
16:23And you sit in a role that not even countries like the U.S. that think they're super popular have been able to achieve.
16:31There's never been a female president of the United States.
16:34They do have a vice president.
16:35We do, yes, sister Kamala.
16:37But you represent something that even the United States has not been able to do.
16:41And that seat, I know that you understand the weight of that seat and the change that you want to drive.
16:49What are some key things that are your visions for Tanzania in the role that you are in now?
16:55My vision is, you know, the word Tanzania sounds nicely.
17:06It's, it's, it's lovely.
17:11And during the, our forefathers, Nyerere and others, era, Tanzania had a good name in the, in the international platforms.
17:23So I want to maintain that to make Tanzania known and respected in the international platforms.
17:32Okay.
17:33But again, I want to make Tanzania of which everybody in Tanzania, every citizen can manage to earn his bread or her bread.
17:43That everybody can work and know that he or she's a Tanzanian, she has to work or he has to work and earn his own or her own, yeah, bread for a day.
17:57Mm-hmm.
17:58Yeah.
17:59I want to see a Tanzania where everybody has got an education.
18:04And it's a proper education, be it education for skills to be able to employ him or herself or general education, which can help him engage in government service or somewhere else.
18:23I want to see Tanzania where everybody can access health services and not long distance, in shorter distances.
18:35I want to see Tanzania where everybody can have access of clean and safe water.
18:41And for that, we have tried hard.
18:44Yeah.
18:44Yeah, we have tried hard.
18:46What are some of the efforts you want people to hear about that are intending to give people the ability to work, to give people the access to health care?
18:55What types of things are you activating to be able to make those things be true?
19:00Yeah, we have been trying to get the health services closer to the people.
19:12Like, in the last five years, we had constructed about a thousand and two hundred health centers from the village level to referral level.
19:29And Tanzania is a huge country, not like DRC, but it's huge.
19:35Before DRC joining East Africa, Tanzania was the largest country.
19:41Democratic Republic of Congo, for those that don't know what DRC is.
19:45Oh, okay, Democratic Republic of Congo.
19:47So now Democratic Republic of Congo joined East Africa.
19:51It is the largest.
19:52Yeah.
19:53Yeah, but Tanzania is a huge country.
19:55So to make sure that everybody has got education nearby his place, water nearby his place, health services nearby his place, electricity nearby his place, that's a very difficult job.
20:18But it has been done.
20:19It has started since when we got independence, then everybody comes adding, it's like a construction of a building.
20:28Yeah.
20:29Everybody comes adding the building blocks until where we are now.
20:35Yeah.
20:35Yeah.
20:35So we have done a lot.
20:38We have made a stride.
20:40Yeah.
20:40Yeah.
20:41We have made a stride.
20:42Being a person who came to the U.S. young from East Africa, from Kenya, and have been here, a lot of the cultural understanding of the African continent has a West African focus.
20:57Mm-hmm.
20:57Right?
20:58Whether it be the traditions, the food, the attire, the Nollywood movies out of Nigeria.
21:05Yes, yes.
21:05And, you know, I've been on a one-woman mission to promote the benefits of East Africa by myself.
21:13Yeah.
21:14What would you want people to know culturally about what East Africa has to offer the world?
21:20Not because there's anything wrong with West Africa, but people forget that it's a full continent with a texture of cultures, not just what's happening in West Africa.
21:31So for the East African girls having this conversation right now, what would you want the U.S. to know about what's valuable about East African culture?
21:38About East African culture?
21:41Ugh.
21:43We have so many things that can identify us as East Africans.
21:51Yeah.
21:51I think language, Swahili language, that's East African.
22:00Yeah.
22:00Yeah.
22:01So whenever you see somebody talking in Swahili, you ask them, are you from Kenya?
22:08Are you from Tanzania?
22:09Yeah.
22:09Where are you coming from?
22:10Uganda?
22:11Yeah.
22:11Burundi?
22:11Where are you coming from?
22:12Yeah.
22:13So Swahili unites us.
22:15Yes.
22:15That's our culture.
22:16Yeah.
22:16But number two is the unity.
22:25Unity.
22:26I've been studying in Manchester and we were from various African countries, but you could always see the Kenyans, Ugandans and Tanzanians go together.
22:39Go together, naturally, not because they're East Africans, but we just find ourselves going together.
22:48Yeah.
22:48So togetherness is our culture as well.
22:51Okay.
22:52But again, as East Africans, we have something different in world heritage, which others don't have.
23:01Yeah.
23:02The geography of our area, the natural resources are endured in East Africa.
23:08They are quite different from what others have.
23:13Yeah.
23:13So we have to speak for East Africa.
23:16Yeah.
23:17We have to show what we have in East Africa.
23:20Yeah.
23:20And with that, I'm here for that purpose.
23:24Yes.
23:25I'll be launching the film.
23:27We call it the Royal Tour.
23:28I was going to ask you what the Royal Tour.
23:30Tell us.
23:31I'm excited about this.
23:31So the Royal Tour is going to show the touristic attractions we have in East Africa.
23:36Okay.
23:37And for this matter, Tanzania, but of course, for East Africa.
23:41Yeah.
23:41Kilimanjaro, for example.
23:43Yes.
23:43You can see it whether you're in Kenya and you can climb it through Tanzania.
23:49But then the game reserves and the animals we have.
23:54You know, I used to joke, you know, the Noah's Ark?
24:00Mm-hmm.
24:01The Noah's Ark anchored in Tanzania.
24:04Yeah.
24:05And that's where all the animals from that were poured.
24:10Listen.
24:10I agree with you.
24:11I agree with you.
24:12We shall make that.
24:13That's a fact.
24:14So the animals were skated.
24:15They went to Kenya to Tanzania.
24:17Yeah.
24:18They're spread across East Africa.
24:20East Africa.
24:20Because that's where Noah's Ark led them all.
24:21Yes.
24:22Yes, I agree.
24:23Yeah.
24:24I agree full-heartedly.
24:25So that's the natural resources we have.
24:27Yeah.
24:28And it's ours.
24:31It's ours.
24:31It's not one country.
24:32It's ours.
24:33It's ours.
24:34You know that there are certain animals which, from time to time, they are moving all of them
24:39to Kenya.
24:40And you know what they are going there for?
24:43They are getting impregnated in Kenya.
24:44And after that, they are coming back to Tanzania.
24:50Listen.
24:51That's where they give their birth.
24:52Yes.
24:53That's okay.
24:54Yeah.
24:54That's okay.
24:55Because they got to be there.
24:55I was one time asking the Kenyans, if these animals were human beings, which citizenship
25:01they do have?
25:02What would happen to the population of Tanzania?
25:04Which citizenship they do have?
25:06And what was the answer you got?
25:07The Kenyan or East Africa.
25:09Of course.
25:09Yeah.
25:09Even with our United Passports and things like that, we are all...
25:13I was telling my dad I was coming to see you, and first he said, tell you, hello.
25:18Second, my dad believes the same thing, right?
25:20The boundaries are arbitrary.
25:22They play a role, but we are family.
25:26We're a family.
25:27But we didn't put the boundaries.
25:29That's exactly what I was going to ask you about.
25:32Tell about that.
25:33Our colonial masters put the boundaries.
25:35But before that, we knew one another by our chiefdoms.
25:40Say more.
25:40Yeah.
25:40Teach them, because this is called Chief to Chief.
25:43Teach, teach, sister.
25:45So when the masters came in, that's when they divided our land among themselves, and that's
25:54when they put the boundaries.
25:55But before that, we didn't have boundaries.
25:58We only had chiefdoms.
26:00Chiefdoms.
26:00You know, the work I'm doing at Essence has a lot about the diaspora, but one of the things
26:08we are teaching the women specifically is there's a chief in every one of them already.
26:14Yes.
26:15And we introduced them to other chiefs like you, so that they understand how to break out
26:20the chief within them.
26:22The arbitrary lines that were drawn by colonization, if the chiefdoms never went away, what do you
26:30think Africa would look like?
26:32What do you imagine it would have been, had those lines not been drawn with malicious intent?
26:40Okay.
26:42It could have been Africa of knowing by our, how do you call them?
26:53The chief, chiefdoms, but the names of our areas, you know, because if you say, for example,
27:02in Tanzania, if you say, uh, Rugei Mokamo, you know that he's from this chiefdom.
27:10Yeah.
27:11And if you say, uh, Moshi, then you, you know exactly that he's coming from the Chaga, Chaga
27:19land.
27:20Yeah.
27:20And when you say Samia, for example, ah, she's a Zanzibar.
27:25So we could have known by our own chiefdoms and names and our cultures, different of our
27:31cultures.
27:32But otherwise we couldn't have known that she's a Kenyan, she's a Tanzanian.
27:36And, and, and we, you know, sometimes we are fighting on those borders.
27:43We would have saved a lot of strife.
27:47Yeah.
27:47Had we not had those arbitrary lines, which also means that those that were taken from
27:53the continent and put in other places are living arbitrary lines as well.
27:58Exactly.
27:58And so they can unite in the very same way that we existed in chiefdoms.
28:03Yes.
28:04Because we do not have to operate outside of chiefdoms just because lines were gone.
28:11And if we can understand that.
28:11But with the development of political.
28:14Yes.
28:15Administrations.
28:16Yes.
28:17Then we ourselves have destroyed our chiefdoms.
28:20And we are now known on political boundaries, geopolitical boundaries.
28:26How do we resolve that?
28:27It's a, it's an order of the day.
28:31I don't know how we resolve that.
28:34But we should know that we are Africans.
28:36We are one.
28:37We shouldn't fight on our political differences or ideologies.
28:42Yeah.
28:43We, we harm ourselves.
28:44Yeah.
28:44Yeah.
28:45We harm ourselves.
28:46We should, we should, we should respect our humanity first.
28:49Yeah.
28:49Then, whatever, the governance, the political.
28:53Yeah.
28:54Yeah.
28:54But humanity first.
28:56Yeah.
28:56Yeah.
28:57You're here on a U.S. tour.
28:59You're visiting a number of different locations.
29:02Yes.
29:03What are you focused on?
29:05What are the many different things you have as priorities about what you want to see the
29:10U.S. be doing with Tanzania in partnership with Tanzania?
29:14What's on your agenda?
29:16We have been with a relationship, in a relationship with the U.S. for 60 years.
29:26And we have been working in various, various, but now what we would like to see is that the
29:38U.S. and not only Tanzania but Africa, we do have a transparent, transparent business
29:48relation, trading, and investment, transparently, for mutual benefit.
29:57They benefit, we benefit.
29:58Yeah.
30:00I would like to see the transfer of technology, the private sector from the advanced country
30:07like the U.S. coming to Africa with their technology and we produce there in our places.
30:16I think those years of taking the raw materials, while raw, saying to other continents will
30:25be processed there over.
30:26We have to process our own like cotton, coffee, tobacco to be processed down there.
30:36Yeah.
30:36We produce down there.
30:37Yeah.
30:38Because before we were exporting the jobs to other continents, but now we have to process
30:44there, creating jobs for our people.
30:48And you know, Africa is having very, very young population.
30:52Yeah.
30:52So they're all seeking for jobs.
30:54Yeah.
30:55So it's no more time to export jobs to other continents.
31:00We have to create our own jobs.
31:02Create our own jobs.
31:02So I'd like to see the transfer of technology, creation of jobs in our places.
31:07Yeah.
31:08And for our community, right, that Essence engages with, a lot of us are doing those kinds
31:13of pieces.
31:14And so bringing our expertise to places like Tanzania also helps.
31:18It doesn't have to be just a government.
31:22It can be individuals.
31:23The diaspora.
31:24The diaspora.
31:25Yes.
31:25To come, educate, teach, learn, exchange, right?
31:29That's that functioning as one, that global chiefdom, right?
31:33Yes.
31:33Yes.
31:33I know that you have had conversation with the former president of Liberia, right?
31:41The sister leading as president of Ethiopia, right?
31:44What advice did they give you?
31:46And then as a closing statement, what advice would you give those women that are watching
31:51and want to be the next leaders of a country?
31:55Yeah.
31:56We have our association, we call it OWLAN, Association of Women Leaders in Africa.
32:06And we meet, not regularly, but we meet when we have time to meet.
32:14And that's where we are, we are talking of our challenges and those when they experience
32:22one, they help us to get out of those challenges or they tell you, go and see so.
32:29And so he might or she might help you doing this and that.
32:33Maybe you should do this.
32:36So we have that organization and it helps a lot.
32:39It helps a lot.
32:41So for those who want to reach where I am, it's determination.
32:51They have to determine.
32:53And they have to be confident of what they want to do.
33:00It's confidence and determination.
33:03They say where there is a will, there is a way.
33:07So if you have a will, there will be a way to reach there.
33:12Yeah, it can't be abruptly.
33:17It's a process, it's a journey.
33:19But we have to stick on that route up to where we want to go.
33:24Yeah.
33:26Your Excellency, it has been a privilege.
33:30To spend time with you.
33:33Asante sana for coming to visit with us.
33:35Asante.
33:36And I'm glad talking to Essence.
33:39Essence, yeah?
33:39Essence.
33:40Yeah.
33:41Essence.
33:41Talking to Essence.
33:42That represents that diasporic group that if we can reconnect ourselves, as you said, as one.
33:47Yes.
33:48Can continue to restore what was taken but exceed expectation.
33:54Oh, yes.
33:54And you are a living example of that.
33:56And we honor you.
33:58We support you.
33:59We are watching you.
34:01We are clapping for you.
34:02We are praying for you.
34:04And look forward for your continued success.
34:07As a strong leader, not a woman president, a president.
34:13All right.
34:14We are strong.
34:14We can make it.
34:15Yes.
34:16We can.
34:17Thank you very much.
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