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TVTranscrição
00:00This is where the body was found, but it was in really bad shape, I remember that.
00:07Most of the head disappeared.
00:09What the heck, how did she end up here?
00:10Did he walk 90 kilometers overnight in his underwear?
00:16He did a good job of crushing and shattering the bones.
00:20I don't remember exactly, but the biggest bone that was there was probably about the size of one of your fingers.
00:30Due to the severity of the burns, most of the bodies were destroyed.
00:36The bullets would also have been consumed by the flames.
00:41With the help of forensic science, most crimes can be solved.
00:48The forensic evidence is always there, it doesn't lie, don't forget that.
00:53But most criminals never approached their crimes scientifically.
00:57If you're smart enough, I think it would be very easy to kill someone and get away with it.
01:02If you can make it look like an accident, the authorities may not detect the homicide.
01:07If you thought like a forensic scientist, would you be able to commit the perfect crime?
01:15Is it possible to murder someone without leaving any marks on their body?
01:20And the answer to that has to be yes.
01:23It's possible.
01:23It was committed in a crowded place, and the criminal escaped.
01:29He simply disappeared.
01:36The perfect assassination
01:38In cities around the world, people disappear every day.
01:54Some are never seen again.
01:58Some may even have been victims of a perfect homicide.
02:01An unsolved crime, where the criminal will never be caught.
02:12My favorite weapon?
02:13Is this about being the knife?
02:15Poison.
02:16I would prefer something out of the ordinary.
02:19Weapons and blades have served me well for many years.
02:24Doug Lyle is a doctor who has developed an unusual side hustle: advising people on how to kill.
02:30What's wrong with guns and knives?
02:42Strangulation.
02:44I would have writers, a room full of writers, let's say, okay?
02:48Let's plan the perfect murder.
02:50We're going to kill someone, and we're going to try to do it perfectly.
02:52My idea would be some kind of undetectable poison that could be placed in the mouthpiece or reed of the saxophone.
03:00Doug travels the world helping authors create believable murder scenarios.
03:05As any doctor will tell you, when you go to a party or cocktail party, people start asking questions about your gallbladder or prostate or cholesterol or something like that.
03:16But if you go to a writers' conference, they'll want to know how to kill someone and not get caught.
03:22The number of times I've witnessed someone die from a single gunshot wound is zero.
03:25To kill someone instantly, you have to hit them in the brain or maybe the heart.
03:29For many mystery novelists, the idea of the perfect murder is the greatest intellectual challenge.
03:37But only a small number of people have tried to move from theory to practice.
03:42Florence has an impressive track record of catching murderers.
04:02Each new technology, from fingerprints to DNA, makes it more difficult for criminals to escape undetected.
04:13But is it possible to use knowledge from the Florence scientific method not to catch a murderer, but to commit the perfect murder?
04:21According to the spirits, there may be a way to get away with murder.
04:36It would require an impervious weapon, a perfect location for the crime, and an ingenious way to dispose of the body.
04:44When dealing with a homicide, of course there has to be a body for a murder to have occurred.
04:52Therefore, it is the largest and best source of all information on Florence science, not just the cause of death.
04:59The first interpretation of what the body has to say comes from the autopsy.
05:06Dr. Richard Shepard has worked on cases ranging from Stephen Lawrence to Jill Dando.
05:12as one of the best pathologists in the United Kingdom.
05:20The case he's observing today is somewhat unusual.
05:25This body is a model that will appear on the television program Silent Witness.
05:32The question often raised is whether it is possible to kill someone without leaving any marks on the body.
05:38And the answer to that has to be yes.
05:40Yes, it's possible. It's achievable.
05:43Stimulating this part of the neck, on either side, is very dangerous.
05:48Around this point, just below the ear, lies the main blood vessel, the carotid artery.
05:54Pressure on this point in the neck can cause a sudden cardiac arrest.
05:58But, generally speaking, harm is caused because people exaggerate.
06:05They apply too much pressure, leaving marks and causing damage.
06:10The other thing to remember is that we can see bodies in very special ways.
06:14By dissecting the neck, we can discover small lesions beneath the skin.
06:19which are not visible from the outside.
06:22A forensic pathologist is not solely focused on how someone died.
06:29Other minor injuries are also important in detecting a suspicious death.
06:34The dragging damage, on the back of their feet,
06:38These are scars with deep stretch marks, but they have these vertical lines.
06:42Someone grabbed him and dragged him out of the way.
06:45The clues in this body model are numerous.
06:49But even if none of these damages existed,
06:53Richard Shepard would still know that the circumstances surrounding this death were suspicious.
07:00One of the things we can see on this body is this mottled line of crimson-purple color.
07:05This is not harm, but a change that occurs naturally after death.
07:10It is called hypostasis and is caused when red blood cells settle in blood vessels.
07:14due to the influence of gravity.
07:17Because of the pools of blood in the areas of the body near the ground,
07:21The hypostasis pattern gives us a record of the body's position at the time of death.
07:27If I were to go to the crime scene and he were lying on his side with this hypostasis pattern,
07:32I could see that it didn't add up.
07:34Someone moved it.
07:36It gives us a very important clue that many people are unaware of.
07:39Therefore, if we are abandoning a body, don't we think about where the hypostasis is?
07:44We simply abandon the body and flee.
07:46Detecting a suspicious death is a race against time.
07:51As the body begins to decompose, the information needed by the pathologist begins to disappear.
07:57In Ancient Rome, they had a marvelous way of disposing of bodies.
08:04They used to throw them down the drains, so I appreciate them throwing people into holes.
08:08The best way to position the body is the simplest way.
08:13which means leaving the body in a wooded area that is not heavily used.
08:16It also helps with the alibi, because if you throw a body into a hole,
08:22He stays there long enough that it's impossible to really find out what time he was killed.
08:27Perhaps the key to the perfect murder is simple.
08:31Leave the body somewhere and the clues will disappear.
08:35before the authorities have the opportunity to examine them.
08:38Dr. Lee Gug dedicated his career to ensuring that,
08:50wherever a body is left,
08:52No criminal can escape without being charged with murder.
08:56He is an expert in decomposition.
09:03When we look for something that can serve as a model for human decay,
09:07We want to find something that has a metabolism similar to that of humans.
09:14We also want something that, if found,
09:17When someone is out for a walk, don't try to impress them too much.
09:23A 20-kilogram domestic pig seems to work well.
09:27And here we have one face.
09:30Lee uses dead pigs to recreate murder scenes.
09:34helping the police solve crime cases.
09:37He examines the bodies daily to measure the degree of decomposition in different situations.
09:47What we're going to see is a pig being used to recreate a murder.
09:52where the body was wrapped.
09:53Are you all ready for the big reveal?
10:01It doesn't matter how well it's hidden,
10:04Flies very quickly pick up the smell of a corpse.
10:08What will happen with wrapping is that it will delay many insects from accessing the pig's body.
10:13Insects are among the first to arrive at a crime scene.
10:19and, as such, they provide a great deal of information,
10:23if we know how to interpret it.
10:25Let me take some out of my ear.
10:31They know that these are very mild and seem to be all chisomim megacepola.
10:37Day or night, ten minutes after death, this species will appear.
10:46Lee collects insects from crime scenes.
10:48because these small animals can do one thing
10:51that even the best pathologists in the United Kingdom can't figure out.
10:58When did it happen?
11:00The hour of death presents us with very, very significant problems.
11:04If it is not known when someone was killed,
11:07It cannot be proven that a particular suspect was there at the time of the murder.
11:11The best a pathologist can do.
11:13It's within a limit of five and a half hours.
11:16based on body temperature.
11:18And this only applies in the first 24 hours after death.
11:22If a body has been dead for longer than that,
11:24So this limit increases and increases and increases.
11:28After a few days, pathologists can no longer accurately determine the time of death.
11:33But insects have such regular life cycles,
11:35from larvae to chrysalises, to adult flies,
11:39who can continue to keep accurate time,
11:42for months or even years.
11:44By examining the body, collecting the most mature specimens we find,
11:53We can work by going backward in time.
11:55and to determine when the insect eggs were laid.
11:58This usually corresponds to
12:00to our minimum period since the death occurred.
12:04Lee's evidence, thus collected from insects,
12:07They have already arranged the crucial hour of death.
12:09in homicide convictions across the United States.
12:12Basically, this is my office.
12:16There are some things here that you probably won't find elsewhere.
12:18in most offices.
12:21A guide on how to deal with child abduction and serial killers.
12:24This shouldn't be normal.
12:25That's why we also have a bottle for killing insects.
12:29These are specimens that were recovered from a case in Tennessee.
12:34Calculating the time of death is a complicated matter.
12:37What happens is that, for each phase,
12:43We have a minimum period of time that it takes to complete the development.
12:47Then this will correspond to the time.
12:49At any crime scene, there are hundreds of variables.
12:52When we put it together, working backward in time.
12:55and adding the time lapse for each...
12:57The temperature, the weather, the type of insect,
13:00All of this must be taken into account to obtain the exact time of death.
13:04Lee's ability to interpret what insects have to say.
13:09It has been valuable to the police for the last 20 years.
13:15Then we began to discover the true time periods.
13:21This case was simple.
13:25No murder scenario was a problem for Lee and his insects.
13:30Even when the criminals deliberately tried to tamper with the evidence,
13:35Lee could rely on his experiences with pigs.
13:38to help you find out what happened.
13:42One particular case that I remember
13:44It was one in which the body was doused with insecticide.
13:48When we discovered that the insecticide was present,
13:50We conducted experiments to find out what was going on.
13:52And suddenly, everything fell into place perfectly.
13:55Lee thinks it's really impossible.
14:00to commit the perfect murder,
14:02altering the evidence left by the insects.
14:06There are so many things that would have to be done.
14:09even an entomologist can make mistakes
14:12in this particular situation.
14:15With the entomologist deciphering the evidence from the insects.
14:18and the pathologist interprets what the body has to say,
14:22It would be very difficult to escape punishment.
14:24But some criminals managed to leave the body somewhere.
14:27where no clues were left for these experts to work with.
14:32Almost a perfect murder.
14:34This is Bowman's beach, where the body was found.
14:52I believe it was on April 27, 1990.
14:58The case was handed over to the prosecuting attorney, Mike Rickard.
15:02I first learned about the case.
15:04when our medical specialist, Frank Kandall, called me.
15:08He thought it was a suicide.
15:10that had floated to the shore of Bowman's
15:12and was hit by a container or something like that,
15:14which justified the state in which it found itself,
15:16because it was really badly damaged.
15:18Suicides are not uncommon in the Seattle estuary.
15:22But Mike Rickard wasn't convinced.
15:24He was wearing only a shirt and underwear, with no shoes.
15:29Well, he lived 90 kilometers from here.
15:31If one person is going to commit suicide, we've had too many.
15:34They usually park on the bridge and leave a written message or something like that.
15:38He didn't have a car or anything.
15:39How did she get here?
15:41I say to Frank, how on earth did she get here?
15:44He walked 90 kilometers in his underwear in the middle of the night.
15:46And he jumped off the bridge? It doesn't seem like it.
15:47Rickard suspected that her husband had something to hide.
15:53Well, he said we had dinner together last night.
15:55Then she just left, walked out the door, and we never saw her again.
15:59That was well after midnight. That's a lie.
16:01But without scientific evidence to refute the husband's story,
16:05We have no cases.
16:10Years before Rickard's investigation,
16:13Ridley Pearson planned a similar crime.
16:15for a novel I was writing.
16:17I want it to be as difficult as possible for the investigator.
16:28There was going to be a forensic investigation to find out where it all started.
16:32And if they can find out where it started,
16:35Will they find any evidence?
16:37that could eventually lead to a suspect?
16:40Ridley's fictional detective
16:42I needed the help of an expert in tides and currents.
16:45That's why he discovered one in real life.
16:50So here we are.
16:51Yes, here we have the model.
16:53It's huge.
16:55Professor Alan Duxbury's Seattle estuary model
16:59It can recreate the tides at any time in the past, present, or future.
17:04So, where is the Pacific Ocean located?
17:07The ocean is a tank of saltwater.
17:09Here we have a tidal channel that goes upstream and downstream.
17:13computer controlled,
17:14which produces the rise and fall of the water in the model.
17:18Ridley wanted to know where this fictional assassin was.
17:21could have laid the body down
17:22so that he appeared where he did.
17:25My original plan was that perhaps the body
17:30had it been north of the city of Seattle.
17:33Here?
17:34Somewhere around here.
17:35And then it ended up in Alky Point.
17:37And Dr. Duxbury said
17:39No, no, it just doesn't work that way.
17:43Duxbury could not have suspected.
17:45that your work in this detective story
17:47It could one day help solve a real-life crime.
17:50Look at this.
17:51It's perfect.
17:53It's full.
17:53Don't they love science?
18:04I knew that, obviously, the chains would have to carry the body away.
18:09and had read a book, a year or two before,
18:12a crime novel,
18:13who was talking about an oceanographic chart of tides
18:15which could recreate our tides in Puget Sound.
18:21I thought that, well,
18:22That's interesting; perhaps this technology can help us.
18:26So we called Alan Duxbury and asked him if he could help us.
18:30Duxbury's currents suggested that Ricard's victim
18:34I could have fallen off Deception Bridge. Think.
18:37two kilometers away.
18:40The bridge is about 50 meters high, I believe.
18:44That's quite a fall.
18:45Even under the bridge, among these rocks,
18:51That's where investigators found pieces of the victim's brain.
18:54and some blood tests.
18:56And all of this made it clear that she fell from the bridge and landed at this point.
18:59And he stayed there, on the rocks.
19:03Her husband claims she committed suicide.
19:06after leaving the house, well after midnight.
19:09Therefore, Ricard needed to know the exact time.
19:15The woman fell from the bridge.
19:17For those who study the oceans, the solution was obvious.
19:22His body had actually landed on the rocks.
19:24and so I took them back to the place.
19:27to determine the elevation relative to sea level.
19:33Knowing this, we could determine the time of day.
19:36Will the level rise enough to reach the body?
19:39And, say, make it lift up and float off the rocks?
19:47Professor Duxbury, through his calculations,
19:51She was able to tell us that she fell off the bridge.
19:53between 9:30 PM and 11:00 PM.
19:58Ricard finally had scientific proof.
20:01that the husband was lying.
20:03He solved what could have been a perfect murder.
20:06There were no eyewitnesses, there was no confession.
20:13He insisted that was the last time he had seen her.
20:15after midnight and the case
20:16It depended entirely on forensic evidence.
20:22He never admitted it, but the jury had no difficulty in convicting him.
20:25The jury had no difficulty in convicting him.
20:29Wherever the body is left,
20:32there will always be a branch of science
20:33which can help catch the criminal.
20:36Meteorologists, seed and pollen experts,
20:39fire investigators,
20:40There will always be someone who can figure it out.
20:42What really happened.
20:45That's why many murderers go further.
20:47and they try to destroy the body completely.
20:49DNA expert Eleanor Graham,
21:01has used pig's feet
21:02to see what evidence is left behind
21:05through different methods
21:07to abandon a body.
21:12There have been many cases of dismembered bodies.
21:16It happens a lot.
21:16They usually don't skin them.
21:18But we found many dismembered bodies.
21:22Therefore, what I am trying to do here...
21:24It's about observing through the joints.
21:26If we try to dissect something,
21:28the easiest way is through the soft tissues,
21:31avoiding the bones.
21:32As you can see, it's particularly difficult.
21:34Only dismemberment can make it difficult.
21:40the work of the investigators,
21:42But some killers went further.
21:44to ensure that the body
21:45You will not be able to reveal any secrets.
21:47Around the 1940s,
22:00Acid baths were used by John Hay.
22:03to dissolve the bodies of six victims.
22:05As you can see,
22:17The corrosive effect begins almost instantly.
22:20The fabric has already begun to be destroyed.
22:23This type of process is exactly the same.
22:25what would happen to the human body.
22:29It is a very dangerous and corrosive chemical.
22:32So, he was in the bath for seven days.
22:44The acid can completely destroy
22:47organic matter.
22:48It destroys all DNA evidence.
22:50But this is still very dangerous.
22:52And much of this is still acidic.
22:54which is difficult to remove.
22:56That's why it's such a dangerous method.
22:58A little crazy, in my opinion.
23:02You would need about 120 liters.
23:06of sulfuric acid and several weeks
23:08to dissolve an entire body.
23:10And that wouldn't be enough.
23:11to erase all evidence.
23:13In fact, acids do not dissolve fat.
23:15Therefore, this material remains.
23:18In the midst of the remaining fatty matter,
23:20They found two sets of dentures intact.
23:24a red plastic bag
23:27and three human gallstones.
23:31Gallstones are covered in fatty matter.
23:34which makes them resistant to acid digestion.
23:38Getting enough sulfuric acid
23:40to dissolve an entire body
23:42It's virtually impossible.
23:43But forensic scientists are aware.
23:46of other, less dangerous methods.
23:50This is just a normal biological laundry powder.
23:52of the same type we use at home.
23:54Therefore, we only need to add a little water.
23:57This utilizes the capabilities of biological enzymes.
23:59to destroy proteins and fat
24:01so that the fabrics can be freed from fatty substances.
24:04After seven days at 60 degrees,
24:07The powder worked.
24:08As you can see, there isn't much meat left over.
24:15What's left can literally be removed.
24:17with the tips of their fingers.
24:19So, basically, all we're left with are the bones.
24:22It was very clean.
24:24Destroy all soft tissues
24:26and leave only the bones
24:28This makes homicide much more difficult to investigate.
24:32Could this be the key to the perfect murder?
24:38What was the key to the murder?
25:08They were the bones.
25:10The remains of a victim were taken away.
25:12to the forensic anthropologist,
25:14Dr. Robert Mann, for analysis.
25:19The medical investigator brought several boxes of bones.
25:22and they contained bags.
25:23And when we open them,
25:25We saw that they only contained bits of bone.
25:27bone fragments.
25:29I don't remember exactly,
25:30but probably the largest bone that was found there
25:32It would be the size of one of your fingers.
25:34maybe a little bigger.
25:35Jeffrey Dahmer dismembered his victims.
25:38and left their bodies as nothing more than skeletons.
25:45He picked up a skull,
25:48I cleaned it with acid.
25:49And he did a very professional job.
25:51And then he destroyed the skeletons.
25:53crushing it with a hammer.
25:54And once he threw everything into the back renters,
25:56letting Mother Nature finish the job,
25:59because the soil is acidic and the roots
26:00It destroys bones and teeth.
26:18We believed that the bones brought to Bob Mann
26:20and his colleagues at the Smithsonian Institution
26:22They were from Dahmer's first victim.
26:25but without identification
26:26There might not be any murder charges.
26:28That was a very difficult job.
26:32because he went to great lengths to try and destroy the body.
26:34Things became very difficult for us.
26:39But what he didn't know
26:41that was forensic science
26:43He can undo what he did.
26:45It took us about a month,
26:46We gathered everything we could together again.
26:48and we were able to identify the victim
26:50through a bone in his neck.
26:52And we compared it to Stephen Hicks' X-ray.
26:57from when he went to the dentist
26:5930 years old
27:00and we can see that this vertebra
27:02on her neck coincided
27:03with that of young Stephen Hicks
27:04And the identification was made.
27:07Bob's evidence helped to convict
27:10one of the most terrifying killers
27:12in the world's largest series.
27:14Jeffrey Dahmer was found guilty.
27:17of 17 murder charges
27:19and was imprisoned for life.
27:21And I think it was in 1994.
27:22who ended up getting beaten up
27:24until death in prison.
27:27And that ended her life.
27:28and the story of Jeffrey Dahmer.
27:37Notwithstanding his expertise
27:39in solving crimes,
27:40Bob Mann doesn't work
27:42to Scotland Yard, or the FBI,
27:44But for the United States Army.
27:47He leads the biggest team.
27:49from the world of forensic anthropologists
27:51at the Military Laboratory
27:52Central Identification
27:53From the United States, in Hawaii.
27:56The main objective
27:57from Bob's team
27:58It's about finding the names.
27:59of hundreds of skeletons
28:00of soldiers killed in conflicts
28:03since the Second World War
28:04to the present.
28:06I think many people
28:08They would be surprised.
28:09knowing how many techniques
28:11anthropological forensics
28:12They were pioneers since the 1940s.
28:13that followed the violence of the war.
28:16The skull was completely fractured.
28:19We need to rebuild.
28:21to see it.
28:22The original work
28:24to determine the age of the victims
28:26from their skeletons
28:27it was made from the remains
28:29of American soldiers
28:30of the Korean War.
28:31Today, we use dental records.
28:34DNA and techniques
28:36photographic viewing.
28:37And only from these bones
28:39the team can also determine
28:41How did someone die?
28:43On the right side of the skull
28:47We have a small hole inside.
28:49which is oblique, that is to say,
28:50The bone broke off from inside the skull.
28:55This suggests that the projectile
28:58entered here
28:59and came out the other side.
29:03You can see that the left arm
29:07It's quite intact.
29:08but the top part
29:09right arm
29:09It's almost completely gone.
29:11There are several fragments.
29:12and one of them has a fragment
29:13oxidized metal
29:14embedded.
29:18And so this is what we can see.
29:20of a consistent trauma
29:21with an explosion.
29:23If we assume that the head
29:25the individual was slightly
29:26turned to the right,
29:28these four trajectories
29:30They are almost parallel,
29:32suggesting that the individual
29:33He had been hit several times.
29:34in the same position
29:35by the same shooter.
29:40The team has a huge base.
29:41of damage data
29:42caused by different weapons.
29:44Damage caused by weapons
29:45fire and grenades
29:47They are among the easiest to detect.
29:50But is there a weapon?
29:51that could not be detected
29:52By these bone experts?
29:58There are two types of trauma.
30:00what we usually deal with.
30:01The trauma caused by brute force.
30:03It is usually easy to discern.
30:05We can see that.
30:06When someone is hit
30:07by a baseball bat
30:08or something like this,
30:09the bones break
30:09in large shards.
30:10When we talk about trauma
30:12caused by the entry
30:13with a knife,
30:14This is something that could be
30:15much more difficult
30:16to determine.
30:17This is normal architecture.
30:18but when we arrive
30:19even close,
30:20What makes it different is that there is
30:20two small holes
30:21Right here.
30:23Since the anthropologist
30:24forensic experts find the marks,
30:26you can find out
30:26what type of weapon
30:28That's what caused them.
30:29When we look
30:30from the bottom down,
30:31we can see
30:32which is a triangle
30:33and it fits very well
30:34in the bone.
30:38And sometimes
30:39the marks on the bones
30:40they can identify
30:41not only the type of weapon,
30:42but exactly the weapon
30:44used
30:44to commit the murder.
30:46There are marks on the instruments.
30:48that expose them.
30:49The tip of this,
30:50As you can see,
30:50It's slightly twisted.
30:52to a corner.
30:53When it was used,
30:54It may have marked the bone.
30:55and we may be able to
30:57to identify it.
30:58A bullet can be linked
31:00to a weapon,
31:01a blade wound
31:02with a knife.
31:03The weapon an assassin uses
31:04you can easily report it,
31:07but there is a weapon,
31:08used in fiction,
31:09that might never be connected
31:11to a crime.
31:12Any weapon that self-destructs.
31:16it would probably
31:17the best,
31:18like an icicle pendant.
31:20This is a cliché.
31:21everyone knows
31:22which was used in the past
31:23And it really wouldn't work.
31:24It wouldn't work at all anyway.
31:26It's simply a poor choice of weapon.
31:28The icicle pendant
31:29like a killing weapon
31:30It's an urban legend.
31:31That's not possible.
31:33I can't imagine.
31:34that a murderer
31:34I want to spend a lot of time
31:36near a refrigerator.
31:37An icicle pendant
31:40would disappear before
31:41that the investigator
31:42could turn it on
31:43to the damage caused to the body.
31:45But it could really
31:46Kill someone?
31:48The only way
31:49to discover
31:49it's about making it so
31:51two of the main
31:52forensic scientists
31:53Test it in the world.
31:55This is unique to us.
31:57because we're going to try to see
31:58if the icicle
31:59It can penetrate the flesh.
32:01and if it causes any damage to the bone.
32:03A local ice sculptor
32:04He provided the weapons.
32:06I have my doubts.
32:07if this will really
32:08to work or not.
32:09I think this could be
32:10Quite fragile.
32:123, 2, 1, go!
32:15That hurt.
32:17Lift it up, I bet.
32:17that the tip managed to cross.
32:22Yes, right here.
32:24He went through everything, really.
32:25And what does that have to do with anything?
32:2630 centimeters deep?
32:28And it would have continued.
32:30if it hadn't reached
32:31The tabletop?
32:32Okay, I don't think it will.
32:34cross this part
32:34with the blade.
32:36Did it hit the bone?
32:38It hit the bone.
32:39But he crossed over.
32:41Here's the ice.
32:43Yes, he went through all of that.
32:46I'm really surprised.
32:47Good.
32:47It's really effective.
32:49Could I kill you?
32:50Yes, it could.
32:51If you hit the right spot.
32:52But it's truly amazing.
32:54It really works.
32:55An icicle pendant
32:56done properly
32:58It could be a potentially deadly weapon.
33:00it would conveniently disappear
33:02after being used
33:03and probably wouldn't let
33:05no marks on the bones.
33:07Anyway,
33:08I see some logistical problems.
33:10in terms of...
33:11especially here in Hawaii,
33:12manage to get it to
33:13The pendant was given to the victim.
33:15If you walk around there
33:16with a chest full of them,
33:17you can lift
33:18a certain degree of suspicion.
33:19Even armed
33:23with a weapon
33:23uninterruptible
33:24like an icicle pendant,
33:26any criminal
33:27would leave other clues
33:28back.
33:31Discover evidence
33:32This is the latest development.
33:34of forensic power.
33:36The CSI team
33:38you can find out
33:39fingerprints,
33:40clothing fibers,
33:42even footprints
33:43on a dusty carpet.
33:47That is why
33:48some criminals
33:49They tried to change
33:50the crime scene
33:51to defeat
33:52the investigators.
34:03This small town
34:04in Ohio
34:05that was the setting
34:05of a brutal
34:06double homicide.
34:08It was at Christmas.
34:092005
34:10that an old grandmother
34:1270 years old
34:13and his daughter
34:14were killed
34:16at your home.
34:16The man
34:18who committed the crime
34:19thought that he could
34:21beating science
34:22forensic
34:23not leaving
34:24back
34:24absolutely nothing
34:26that would connect him
34:26to the scene.
34:28He almost
34:28escaped
34:29of being caught
34:30for homicide.
34:32The case
34:33was taken
34:33the court
34:34by the lawyer
34:35accusation
34:36of the county
34:37Dennis Watkins.
34:38He was a young man.
34:39intelligent.
34:41He liked
34:41to see the channel
34:42Discovery,
34:43I particularly liked
34:43from CSI.
34:46He is interested.
34:47in learning
34:47ways to defeat
34:48the law.
34:50He knew.
34:50about the research
34:51of evidence
34:52and that DNA
34:53It could be found.
34:55Germain McKinney
34:56tried to apply
34:57what he learned
34:58on television
34:58at the crime scene.
34:59We have it here
35:01a criminal
35:02who has a plan
35:03cold-blooded
35:04to escape
35:05with a double homicide.
35:12Very well thought out,
35:13very well planned,
35:14very predictable
35:15in its methodology.
35:18He dragged
35:19both victims
35:20in total
35:2014 meters
35:21to the room
35:22from the furnace
35:23and made it burn
35:24the victims
35:25along with the clothes
35:27and a large part
35:28of the bodies
35:29It was destroyed.
35:34With that degree
35:35of burns,
35:37the bullets
35:37they would also
35:38consumed
35:38by fire.
35:41None were found.
35:42fingerprints
35:43and then
35:46washed the car
35:47at least
35:48twice.
35:50The car
35:50It was clean.
35:52We couldn't.
35:53no proof
35:54in the car,
35:55That's why he thought
35:56in destroying
35:57any clue.
36:00There was one last
36:01something that could
36:02call Germaine
36:03McKinney
36:03to the murders,
36:05the boots
36:05stained with blood
36:07that he used.
36:09He guided
36:10more than 30 kilometers
36:11to a lake
36:12remote
36:13to see
36:13free from them.
36:14It was night,
36:20Near midnight.
36:21It's dark.
36:23What does he take away?
36:24of the car
36:24They are the boots.
36:25and it goes up to
36:27to the bridge
36:27and throws them.
36:30McKinney guided
36:31from there out,
36:32but hidden
36:33under the bridge,
36:34the lake
36:34It was frozen.
36:36enough
36:37to maintain
36:37your boots
36:38floating.
36:38It was just
36:40on the edges
36:40from the edge
36:41and underneath
36:41from the bridge
36:42that we had
36:43a thin
36:43layer
36:44of ice.
36:46It was a miracle.
36:48those boots
36:49have stayed
36:50on the surface,
36:51because the ice
36:52It was melting.
36:53If it had been
36:54one day later,
36:55the boots
36:55surely
36:56They would have sunk.
36:58Luckily,
36:59a hiker
37:00saw them
37:00and warned
37:01The police.
37:10The blood
37:11both
37:11the victims
37:12he was
37:12abroad
37:13of the boots,
37:14inside them
37:15DNA
37:16by McKinney.
37:20We have
37:21your DNA,
37:23813 million
37:24for a
37:24in what he is like.
37:26There is only
37:26300 million
37:27of people
37:27in the United States
37:28From America.
37:28This proof
37:32It's big.
37:35The defense
37:36didn't call
37:37a single
37:38witness.
37:40Germain McKinney
37:40he was convicted
37:41to prison
37:42perpetual.
37:44He almost
37:44escaped
37:45with the homicide,
37:46if it were
37:47by a pair
37:48with boots
37:48and over time.
37:52It doesn't matter
37:53how clever
37:53if it is,
37:54things
37:54They happen.
37:56Many are
37:57homicides
37:57that was chasing
37:58along
37:58of the years.
37:59It's almost
37:59as if it were
38:00the hand
38:00of God
38:00to help us.
38:03And that's how it is.
38:04that we
38:04we caught
38:04these murderers,
38:06not only
38:06because they
38:06They make mistakes.
38:08but why
38:08we have a little
38:09Good luck.
38:11It's not supposed to
38:12to happen.
38:13It's not supposed to
38:14that they escape.
38:15It doesn't matter if it's a crime.
38:25It's very well planned.
38:27eliminate all evidence
38:28it is virtually
38:29impossible.
38:30That's not supposed to happen.
38:33Basically,
38:34all cells
38:35of our body,
38:36except for the blood cells
38:37red,
38:37They contain DNA.
38:39That's why,
38:40whenever we walk
38:40around here,
38:41we are spreading
38:42DNA.
38:42We can see that.
38:43like dust,
38:44like a little
38:44of saliva.
38:46Everything contains
38:46DNA.
38:47I can recover
38:48That's what it means to draw.
38:49the profile
38:49of someone.
38:51They don't even need to.
38:51from touching nothing
38:52to leave
38:53DNA
38:54back.
38:55When I speak,
38:56I can't help it.
38:57project saliva
38:58which contains
38:58DNA of cells
38:59of my bocce balls.
39:01A few cells
39:02are enough
39:03for the expert
39:03in DNA
39:04Eleanor Graham
39:05extract an impression
39:07Unique genetics.
39:11If we look
39:13for sheet C,
39:14we can see
39:14colored lines
39:15which are DNA
39:16and this DNA
39:17does it really coincide?
39:18100%
39:19with our suspect.
39:21What gives us
39:22a higher probability
39:23about a hypothesis
39:24one billion
39:25of being this person
39:26and not another?
39:28It's practically
39:29impossible
39:29to commit a crime
39:30without leaving
39:31your DNA
39:32Everywhere.
39:34Even speaking
39:35less than 30 seconds,
39:36my DNA
39:37It would be collected.
39:39But there is a situation
39:39which could be confusing
39:41even an expert
39:42with Eleanor.
39:45The situations
39:45where we have
39:46more than 3 or 4 people
39:48to contribute
39:48for a profile
39:49DNA
39:49that would be very difficult
39:51for me
39:51to interpret.
39:52DNA
39:55and other evidence
39:55disappear
39:56when mixed
39:57with collections
39:58left by
39:59hundreds of other people.
40:01That's why,
40:01the smartest ones
40:02they plan
40:03to commit homicide
40:04in a public place.
40:05Litvinenko.
40:20So we have
40:20the story
40:21by Litvinenko.
40:22He was
40:22to a hospital
40:22in Barnett
40:23and they thought
40:24that he had
40:24gastritis.
40:25The toxicologist
40:43Professor John Henry
40:44was consulted
40:45by the family
40:46by Litvinenko.
40:49There has never been a case.
40:50poisoning
40:51with Polonium
40:52that we had
40:52I have been informed.
40:56Therefore,
40:56the murderers
40:57they were entering
40:58in a new type
40:58of territory.
41:01It's a sequence
41:02uncontrollable
41:03and a lot,
41:04very treacherous.
41:06Liver damage,
41:07Heart failure.
41:09Once he was
41:09poisoned,
41:10there is nothing
41:10that could be done,
41:12absolutely nothing
41:12that no one could do,
41:13even if they knew.
41:16Once Polonium
41:18It had never been used before.
41:19the symptoms
41:20they confused
41:21the investigators.
41:23They suspected
41:25radiation,
41:26They thought about it,
41:27however,
41:27the exams
41:27they concluded
41:28which was not radiation.
41:30Not detected.
41:31with the exams
41:32usual
41:33because Polonium
41:34It leaves alpha particles.
41:36Alpha particles
41:38They do not penetrate the skin.
41:39therefore it can be used
41:40a Geiger counter
41:41in someone,
41:42A scan can be done.
41:43and to conclude
41:44that has nothing.
41:45A type of poison
42:00unusual
42:01It's a trick.
42:02in which many murderers
42:03They trusted.
42:05Did they give it to him?
42:06something to drink
42:06or they forced him
42:07Down the throat?
42:09While the experts
42:10They try to find out
42:10what happened,
42:11the criminal
42:12It's been a long time
42:13to escape.
42:15Litvinenko
42:15that's the case
42:16most recent
42:17in a long series
42:17of poisonings
42:18mysterious and obscure.
42:25Gyorgai Markov,
42:26a Bulgarian dissident.
42:28Markov was stung
42:29with an umbrella
42:30poisoned
42:31on Waterloo Bridge
42:32in 1978.
42:35The only poison
42:35It may have been Rysin.
42:37Your killer
42:38He was never caught.
42:40Another case
42:41that I would like to tell you
42:42It's Yushenko's.
42:44In 2004,
42:44the presidential candidate
42:46Victor Yushenko
42:47developed spots
42:48Strange things on your face.
42:52For weeks
42:52the doctors thought
42:53which were the result
42:54from something he had eaten.
42:58These spots
42:59They looked like acne.
43:00but nobody
43:01completed the story
43:02to make a diagnosis.
43:03That's why I said
43:06that would have to be
43:07a dioxin
43:08used
43:09like an exfoliator
43:11or Agent Orange.
43:13It is considered
43:14Highly toxic.
43:15And Yushenko
43:18He was lucky.
43:19to survive.
43:21His poisoning
43:22It was almost discarded.
43:23with a simple illness.
43:25if you can
43:29inflict
43:30a disease
43:30mysterious
43:31and nobody
43:31think about searching
43:33a poison,
43:33good,
43:34then
43:34the criminal
43:35He won.
43:37He managed to assassinate
43:38someone without bullets
43:40inside the victim.
43:41They don't let them.
43:42fingerprints.
43:43Nothing is seen,
43:44nothing is discovered
43:45and they escape
43:47unpunished.
43:47It's quite frightening.
43:56At the moment
43:56the investigators
43:57they already recognize
43:58the signs
43:59poisoning
44:00by castor oil,
44:01dioxin
44:02or polonium
44:03Quite quickly.
44:06But a poison
44:07darker
44:08can pass
44:08due to a mysterious illness
44:10or even
44:10due to natural causes.
44:13If he is found
44:14it can be used
44:15In a perfect murder.
44:17So how is it?
44:19What are we going to do with this?
44:20How are we going to do it?
44:21Kill this type?
44:22The perfect murder
44:23You will have to combine them.
44:23all these elements.
44:25A poison
44:26which appears to be
44:26a mysterious disease,
44:28a place
44:28in which the tests
44:30go unnoticed.
44:32There is blood.
44:32everywhere
44:33In a morgue?
44:33Yes, the morgue.
44:34it's the site
44:35to kill someone.
44:35Yes.
44:37And a way
44:37to make disappear
44:38the whole body.
44:40Put your body
44:41in someone else's coffin
44:42and send it
44:42to the crematorium.
44:43It may even be possible.
44:47but the hypotheses
44:49They favor the police.
44:50The killer
44:51all you need
44:51of making a mistake
44:52and the forensic scientists
44:54They will be on your trail.
44:56Even the authors
44:57They admit it's unlikely.
44:59except in books.
45:00The perfect murder
45:02It's possible in fiction.
45:04We can invent
45:05All of that.
45:05I don't think so.
45:06Possible in real life.
45:08There's always a clue.
45:09that is left behind.
45:10Even if it is
45:11just one spoken word
45:12the killer
45:12always leave
45:13Your business card.
45:15Things just
45:16Things are going badly.
45:17It doesn't matter
45:18that are well planned
45:19They run badly.
45:20There is no such thing.
45:21like a perfect murder
45:22but there is a killer
45:23in real life
45:24who did everything
45:25to achieve
45:26A perfect crime.
45:27He used poisons.
45:29and many of its victims
45:30They were cremated.
45:32But more than that
45:33no one suspected anything.
45:34that these people
45:35have been murdered.
45:42It's much more common.
45:44for older people
45:45to die of natural causes.
45:48What if there is a doctor?
45:49that affirms
45:50who knew Mrs. Bloggs
45:51for 15 years
45:52I know exactly
45:53Why did she die?
45:54I expected it to happen.
45:55at any time
45:56and signed the death certificate.
45:58So the side
45:58of the investigation
45:59it can be completely
46:00outdated.
46:02This killer
46:02I was right.
46:03that the death certificate
46:04would be signed
46:05without any inquiry
46:07because the victim
46:07was a patient
46:08of the murderer.
46:12The case
46:12by Harold Shipman
46:13That's very interesting.
46:15He was respected.
46:16had access
46:16to people
46:17he could inject them with poison
46:18and the poison
46:19that he chose
46:20It was morphine.
46:21an analgesic drug
46:22very, very vulgar.
46:26It was so simple.
46:27How so?
46:27For years
46:52Shipman
46:52never was
46:53duly investigated
46:54because homicides
46:56they said completely
46:56For no reason.
46:57The homicide
47:19That's an interesting concept.
47:21because of course
47:22Harold Shipman
47:23committed several
47:23hundreds of crimes
47:24Perfect.
47:25It can be said
47:26that only one case
47:27It wasn't homicide.
47:28perfect.
47:30Having understood
47:31this first crime
47:32then suddenly
47:33we have six more
47:34then six more
47:35then fifty more
47:35and then another hundred
47:36and we have a series
47:37of cases
47:38that were investigated
47:39in which there never was
47:39suspicions
47:40that he could
47:40to be involved.
47:42Therefore, yes.
47:43They are in the category
47:44of the perfect murder
47:45eventually discovered
47:47but it took a long time
47:48before anyone
47:48suspected.
47:50Harold Shipman
47:51left his
47:52trial
47:52showing
47:53without remorse
47:53and offering
47:54undoubtedly
47:55why
47:55he became
47:56a crime
47:56massive.
47:57A lawyer
47:58said that
47:59it was simply
47:59because he
48:00did you like it.
48:04Like Shipman
48:05many murderers
48:06in series
48:06they might not have been
48:07caught
48:08if only
48:09had died
48:09a victim
48:10without a reason
48:11obvious.
48:12That's why
48:12homicide
48:13perfect
48:13It is possible
48:14In real life.
48:16But the killer
48:16cannot commit
48:17a single mistake
48:18with the most
48:19small fragment
48:20proof
48:20because the scientists
48:21forensic
48:22they only have
48:22to be lucky
48:23once.
48:27It could very well
48:28there is a homicide
48:28perfect
48:29and there may have been
48:30homicides
48:31perfect
48:31in which the criminals
48:32They got away with it.
48:33We don't know.
48:34We don't know.
48:44To know
48:45more techniques
48:45forensic
48:46used
48:46to catch
48:47a criminal
48:48and to find out
48:49how do the murderers
48:50They tried to deceive
48:51forensic scientists
48:52in the past
48:53Visit the website
48:54from Horizon
48:55in
48:55bbc.co.uk
48:57Horizon bar
48:59Portuguese version
49:10origami workshop
49:11Until next time.
49:13aviv.
49:13ss
49:13vc.co.uk
49:14ss
49:15vc.co.uk
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