Documentary, Walking With Dinosaurs - Cruel Sea, Giant of the Skies, Discovery Channel
#SeaMonsters #WalkingwithDinosaurs #Dinosaurs
SeaMonsters, WalkingwithDinosaurs ,Dinosaurs
#SeaMonsters #WalkingwithDinosaurs #Dinosaurs
SeaMonsters, WalkingwithDinosaurs ,Dinosaurs
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AnimalsTranscript
00:00When an asteroid plunged to Earth 65 million years ago, it ended one of the most astonishing chapters in the history of life.
00:23No longer would fearsome predators like Tyrannosaurus Rex stalk the American West.
00:30Or nimble plant-heaters scurry through a primeval forest.
00:37No more would flying reptiles fill the skies.
00:43Or oceans teem with colossal sea-going monsters.
00:50Gone were bizarre creatures bristling with spikes and clubs, horns and frills.
01:05And mountains of flesh so huge, they shook the ground beneath them.
01:12But, for a brief moment in time, reptiles drooled and dinosaurs walked the Earth.
01:27A hungry dinosaur watches his prey and waits for the perfect moment to strike.
01:44His senses heightened. He's poised for the kill.
01:51What this one-ton monster doesn't know is that he's also being watched.
01:57This was once a continent. Now it's a tropical paradise.
02:12But, in the age of dinosaurs, looks can be deceiving.
02:31Beyond these sun-drenched shores lies the birthplace of legends and monsters.
02:37Here, reptiles rule the deep.
02:50A pralmosaurus looks like a fish, but it's really a reptile.
02:54One of a group of sea-going reptiles called ichthyosaurs.
02:59They first appeared during the Triassic.
03:05But their roots lie in the more remote past,
03:07when the first air-breathing fish crawled onto land and became a reptile.
03:14Later, a few, like the ichthyosaurs, returned to the sea and reinvented themselves.
03:20In size and shape, they mimic dolphins.
03:26Today, a thalmosaurus is giving birth.
03:31Most sea-going reptiles lay their eggs on land.
03:35ichthyosaurs hatched their eggs internally and bear their young live.
03:51By staying in the water, they evolved more streamlined bodies.
03:56they evolved more streamlined bodies.
04:01A female has two to five pups.
04:05Like dolphins and whales, they have lungs and get their oxygen from the air.
04:12So they're born tail first to prevent them from drowning.
04:26A newborn has only seconds to reach the surface and take its first breath.
04:47From the moment it's born, a pup is vulnerable.
04:51The sea is full of predators.
04:53Even ophthalmosaurus will eat its offspring to increase its own chances of survival.
05:03The only shelter is in the coral.
05:07Birth is also a dangerous time for mothers.
05:11This female is desperately trying to expel her unborn pup.
05:16Fighting for air, she stays near the surface.
05:19The motion of her body sends shock waves through the water.
05:25The six-foot shark, Hybotus, picks up the signal of an animal in distress.
05:32Sharks were patrolling the oceans long before marine reptiles appeared.
05:45But the real killer looms in the distance.
05:48The largest marine reptile that ever lived.
05:49This one's a male.
06:03About the size of a whale.
06:05He's 60 feet long and weighs over a hundred tons.
06:08On the hunt, Lyopleurodon has a built-in direction finder.
06:22Two separate chambers in his snout work together like a pair of ears, pinpoint the exact location of an odor.
06:33When he smells something, he follows his nose.
06:37Lyopleurodon's colossal head and powerful jaws are one-fourth the length of his body.
06:50Propelled by four huge oar-like paddles, he glides effortlessly through the water.
06:55Ophthalmosaurus is exhausted.
07:17Still struggling to expel her unborn calf, she's unaware sharks are in danger.
07:24She's unaware sharks are staging an ambush.
07:36Suddenly, they scatter.
07:48When the world's largest carnivore is on the loose, death can't be far away.
07:54Without islands, there would be no marine reptiles in the Sea of Tethys.
07:55Without islands, there would be no marine reptiles in the Sea of Tethys.
07:59Here, the air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:00The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:01The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:02On land, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:03The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:04The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:05On land, Cryptoclitus is a cumbersome hog.
08:06The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:07The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:12The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:25The air-breathing plesiosaur, Cryptoclitus, enjoys a respite in the Sun.
08:30On land, Cryptoclitus is a cumbersome hog.
08:34In water, it's a breathtaking swimmer.
08:45The ancestors of these creatures lived on land for 70 million years before they returned
08:50to the sea.
08:54In time, their legs evolved into flippers.
08:59It lured them back where blizzards of tiny fish and little or no competition.
09:06Maneuvering its body like a fighter pilot, Cryptoclitus flies through the water with its mouth open,
09:14gulping down its prey.
09:21Then, as quickly as it begins, feeding time is over and the agile reptile slips away.
09:36Elsewhere, food is not so plentiful.
09:43A dinosaur is travelling to another island the only way it can.
09:53With predators like Larpleuridon lurking about, the journey is treacherous but necessary.
10:02Eustryptospondylus has a big appetite.
10:05It's the largest carnivore in the British eyes.
10:12A relative of Allosaurus, the Jurassic's top predator, Eustryptospondylus is 20 feet long,
10:21only half the size of its North American cousin.
10:28It's smaller because its habitat is smaller.
10:35Primarily a scavenger, it combs the beaches for carrion.
10:44But in the confines of a small island, the competition for food can still be intense.
10:51A rival is stripping the carcass of a dead sea turtle.
10:56The smell of decaying flesh triggers a confrontation.
11:17This time, the pickings are slim and not worth fighting for.
11:33Nearby, another flesh-eater is stalking its prey.
11:38But this one's unique.
11:40It's a pterosaur, the first reptile to conquer the air.
11:45Ramphorhynchus is about the size of a pigeon, but its wingspan is six feet.
11:52Using its tail as a rudder, it soars over the water, scooping up fish like a skimmer.
12:02One of the long-tailed pterosaurs, Ramphorhynchus, is a powerful flyer.
12:11But its head is what sets it apart.
12:17Its name is Greek, meaning prow-beak, because of the way it curves.
12:24Its ragged teeth are perfect for grasping a slippery fish.
12:39Flying reptiles aren't dinosaurs, but in the future, their wingspans will soar up to twice the length of the predator Hustreptospondylus.
12:46Obthomasaurus is now two weeks old and growing fast.
12:56But the pup is still in danger.
12:59The presence of a shark means a deadly game of cat and mouse.
13:06A head of coral is a temporary refuge.
13:12But the shark has the advantage.
13:17Eventually, the pup will need air.
13:32Finally, it makes a run for the surface.
13:45The tiny ichthyosaur is safe until the next time it has to breathe.
13:57Like a walrus, Cryptoclitus uses its powerful flippers to heave itself out of the water and out of reach of Lyopleurodon.
14:10The island is a sanctuary from the cruel sea.
14:25At night, billions of microscopic creatures rise from the depths, attracting swarms of tiny fish that feed on them.
14:32The scene lures other larger animals out of their hiding places.
14:39A balmosaurus is a master of hunting in the dark.
14:46Their enormous light-sensitive eyes can pick up squid fleeting in the gloom.
14:53Their snouts are streamlined for snatching and eating their prey.
15:12By morning, the feast is over, and another about to begin.
15:33Once a year, a primeval creature far older than Cryptoclitus crawls out of the sea and lays its eggs on the beach.
15:48The arrival of the horseshoe crabs incites a riot.
15:52A colony of Ramphorhynchus descends on the stragglers and tempt on raiding their nests.
16:00To assure the survival of her species, each female crab laid up to 18,000 eggs.
16:07A hearty omelet for a pterosaur.
16:14But nature seldom provides something for nothing.
16:22Eustreptospondylus also smells breakfast, if you can catch it.
16:44Eustreptospondylus stications.
16:54For a phthalmosaurus, the security of the reef is coming to an end.
17:01Soon, the pups will be big enough to leave permanently for life in the open sea.
17:14Already, they've acquired the skills needed to hunt for food.
17:31The pups are not out of danger.
17:34One day, a shark will be the most feared predator in the sea.
17:39But during the Jurassic, they're moving targets.
17:45Lyoplorodon is an expert at ambush.
17:49With one giant gulp of air, he descends to the depths to hide.
17:54There, he can hold his breath for over an hour and wait for the perfect moment to strike.
18:02Walking with Dinosaurs continues in a moment.
18:09An ambush in the Jurassic is underway.
18:12One day, Lyoplorodon is stalking a shark.
18:17Two prehistoric villains are about to collide head-on.
18:21But fate will intervene.
18:26Suddenly, another Lyoplorodon arrives on the sea.
18:32Males are fiercely territorial.
18:34The larger the predator, the larger their prey, and big fish are scarce.
18:43To survive, Lyoplorodon patrols a domain measured in miles.
18:49Here, there's no room for two.
18:51Like a wrestler, the intruder circles his opponent, then moves in for the attack.
19:04His flipper badly torn, the old male is forced to abandon his territory, leaving behind a trail of blood for the sharks.
19:13A storm is coming, but this is no ordinary squall.
19:28Earthquakes deep below the surface jolt the ocean floor.
19:31To the east, in the middle of the burgeoning Atlantic Ocean, volcanoes erupt on a rift thousands of miles long, pushing the continents further apart.
19:46The cataclysm unleashes a tidal wave of water, while winds over a hundred miles an hour lash the British Isles.
20:16In the wake of the storm, a delicate-boned Rhamphorhynchus lies crumpled in the sand, like a battered kite.
20:35Nearby, the injured Lyoplorodon is washed up on the beach.
20:46The Bustreptus phandelus is the first to encounter the stranded halt.
20:54But the dinosaurs are cautious.
20:59The giant reptile is still alive and could be dangerous.
21:06Like vultures, they hover and wait.
21:16The beast is slowly being suffocated by his own immense weight.
21:39With his passing, the life of Lyplorodon now comes full circle.
21:46The predator has become the prey.
21:51Yet, in the tumultuous world of the late Jurassic, Lyplorodon is a winner.
21:57In a few million years, these creatures will vanish into extinction.
22:03But their descendants will live on until the age of dinosaurs comes to an end.
22:16Walking with dinosaurs return.
22:21In the mid-1700s, the first pterodactyl, a small pterosaur, was found in Germany.
22:25It was first thought to be a swimmer, something like a penguin.
22:28But scientists realized it was a flyer.
22:31With the close of the Jurassic, these great flyers would soar above the turmoil of the land changing beneath them.
22:36Dr. Dave Martell explains.
22:37By the end of the Jurassic, the supercontinent of Pangaea had really begun to open up.
22:42At first, the Atlantic Ocean was fairly narrow, just 100 miles or so.
22:46But as we moved into the Cretaceous period, it got wider.
22:50And eventually, the only animals that could cross that ocean were the giant flying pterosaur.
22:54Walking with dinosaurs continues right now with the story of these ancient flying reptiles
22:59and one non-stop flight of epic proportions.
23:01In life, he was one of the most incredible beasts ever to take to the wing.
23:24He ruled the skies for 150 million years.
23:31Flying far and wide over the realm of the dinosaurs.
23:38This is the story of the last great journey this giant will ever make.
23:43On the southern coast of Brazil, an annual rite as old as time is about to begin.
24:01For a colony of pterosaurs, it's the mating season.
24:08These amazing creatures aren't birds or bats.
24:12They're flying reptiles.
24:14And they come in dozens of unusual shapes and sizes.
24:20Pterosaurs took the air when dinosaurs first appeared.
24:23And some species are now huge, 20 feet or more from wing-tip to wing-tip.
24:29But there's one that dwarfs them all.
24:45His Ornithakaris, with a wingspan of up to 40 feet,
24:49is the undisputed master of the skies.
24:52This giant is in the golden years of his life.
25:10Most of his time has been spent wandering the globe in search of food.
25:14But once a year, his nomadic lifestyle is interrupted by an even more powerful urge.
25:21The instinct to mate.
25:23The breeding season for another pterosaur is well underway.
25:28The colorful-looking Tapajara.
25:34A pterosaur's wings are thin membranes of skin
25:38that stretch from elongated fourth fingers on their hands down to their feet.
25:45Their bones are hollow and lightweight, which makes them excellent flyers.
25:51But on land, they're awkward and ungainly.
25:55Because their wings are bound to their legs, they walk on all fours.
26:02During courtship, the males compete with one another
26:06for the best place to show themselves off to potential mates.
26:09Their crests are used to intimidate rivals.
26:17But a large one is also a potent lure to the opposite sex.
26:21A female cautiously approaches, her head dipped in submission.
26:36As in any competition, there are winners and winners.
26:40This male is perched on a rock, perilously close to a blowhole.
26:48Down here, there's little chance of attracting a mate.
26:52instinct tells one of the Kairos it's time to move on.
27:08Brazil is not his breeding ground.
27:11His home is in Spain.
27:13What he's about to undertake is one of the most astounding journeys in the animal kingdom.
27:26In the next few weeks, he'll migrate 9,000 miles across two continents and an ocean.
27:43From the shores of Brazil, he'll plot a course to North America.
27:49Then soar over the Atlantic to a string of islands that will one day be Europe.
27:57Spread out before him will be the majesty and spectacle of a world ruled by dinosaurs.
28:04Within days, he reaches the coastline of Georgia.
28:15Below, a column of Iguanodons a mile long is also migrating.
28:18Below, a column of Iguanodons a mile long is also migrating.
28:36They're traveling north in search of a fresh patch of vegetation to satisfy their enormous appetites.
28:45Each is 30 feet long and weighs over 5,000 pounds.
29:02With hundreds of mouths to feed, the herd is continually on the move.
29:06Large plat eaters are slow and plodding.
29:19To support their massive bodies, they walk on four legs.
29:22But Iguanodon can also stand on tour and outmaneuver other dinosaurs, like the armor-plated Gastonia.
29:32At the steady pace of three miles an hour, the herd lumbers on.
29:57But for Ornithakiris, a cloud blooms on the horizon.
30:02Walking with dinosaurs continues, but first,
30:08how do scientists piece together the story of the dinosaurs?
30:11Off the coast of England lies the tiny Isle of Wight.
30:14Dr. Dave Martill offers his insights into the step-by-step process.
30:18This is a dinosaur footprint, and I think it's been made by Iguanodon,
30:23because it has these three toes, and this one is blunt.
30:26Now, I think that the Iguanodons on the Isle of Wight were probably migrating,
30:29because we find a lot of the prints are going in the same direction.
30:32Just ahead, I'm walking with dinosaurs.
30:35Two herds are on the move.
30:36One is drawn to a strange new land,
30:38but the other is walking straight into a deadly ambush.
30:42In a moment.
30:42On the east coast of North America, the climate is gradually changing.
30:56Rain is a new phenomenon.
30:58Where once there was a desert, tropical plants now flourish,
31:02and rivers flow that never before existed.
31:04But weather is a setback for a migrating pterrassil.
31:14Grounded by the storm,
31:16Onethekairis takes shelter to keep dry.
31:22The coat of fine fur that covers his body
31:24is too thin to insulate him from the rain.
31:27By morning, the sky begins to clear,
31:35and smaller reptiles take to the air.
31:40On a still day,
31:42some pterosaurs can flap their wings to achieve lift.
31:46But like an albatross,
31:48Onethekairis could use a breeze to take off.
31:52While he waits for the right conditions,
31:54time is growing short.
31:56Faint colors bloom on his beak,
32:00the first sign he's ready to mate.
32:06At last, he resumes his epic journey.
32:10For thousands of miles,
32:29he follows the coast of North America.
32:34Carried aloft like a kite,
32:36he rides thermals,
32:37columns of warm air
32:39that rise from valleys
32:40like invisible smoke rims.
32:47Ocean breezes near shore
32:50create updrafts,
32:52waves of air that help him glide
32:54over long distances
32:56and conserve energy.
32:57But now he must fly over open water.
33:08This is the young Atlantic.
33:14It's still only 180 miles wide,
33:17but with no place to land,
33:20he'll need all the skill he can muster
33:22to ride the wind and stay alive.
33:27Along the way,
33:29he'll eat by skimming the water
33:31for squid and fish.
33:32flying low is risky.
33:56A hungry-like pluridon spots him
33:59as it passes over hill.
34:01After several hours flying nonstop,
34:08Ornithociris arrives on Europe's
34:10westernmost fringes,
34:12an island dominated by a herd of iguanodons.
34:18At first, they look familiar,
34:21but these dinosaurs are different.
34:23They're larger and more powerful
34:27than their North American cousins.
34:31Accompanying them
34:32is a relative of Gastonia,
34:34Polycanthus.
34:36He's usually a loner,
34:38but today,
34:39he's joined the herd,
34:41probably for mutual protection.
34:44Iguanodons have good eyesight,
34:46but Polycanthus
34:48can smell trouble.
34:49A pack of Utah raptors looks on.
34:57The world's most vicious predators,
35:00they're biding their time.
35:06Nearby,
35:07a robbery is underway.
35:10A small pterosaur is fishing.
35:14Its success
35:15has not gone unnoticed.
35:21Startled by Ornithociris,
35:23the reptile drops its prey.
35:35Sometimes it's easier to steal a fish
35:37than catch one.
35:39This female Utah raptor
35:51is also up to no good.
35:54But she's no thief.
35:56She's an ambusher.
35:57Somewhere close by
36:09is the rest of the pack,
36:11each 20 feet long
36:12and heavily armed.
36:20Their middle toes
36:21sport a claw
36:22over a foot long.
36:24With a single leaping blow,
36:26they can bring down an animal
36:28four times their size.
36:30Is that her?
36:31Is that her?
36:32Is that her?
36:33Is that her?
36:35Is that her?
36:36Is that her?
36:37Is that her?
36:40Is that her?
36:43Is that her?
36:46Sorry!
36:46When did she hurt?
36:47The moment is over a foot
36:51or herbert doesn't know
36:52you need to drive
36:55four times them
36:55where the puppets
36:56are out?
36:57Raptors are sprinters. Like cheetahs, they're designed for short, rapid bursts of speed.
37:17Her energy expended, the female has also lost the element of surprise.
37:27But the setback is only temporary. The herd moves on, unaware they're still being stopped.
37:37Quietly, the raptors are regrouping for another attack.
37:43As Polacanthus stops to gorge on an evergreen, they reappear, their tails held rigid for balance.
37:50To defend itself, Polacanthus bristles with menacing spikes.
38:00But raptors don't get mad, they get even.
38:04Walking with dinosaurs will be right back. But first...
38:11Paleontologist Jim Kirkland discovered the Utahraptor in the American Southwest.
38:17So how is it possible that Utahraptor could end up in England? Jim Kirkland explains.
38:21During the early Cretaceous, Europe and North America were still connected through Greenland and Scandinavia.
38:28Utahraptor could have crossed through Greenland and Scandinavia into this area without getting his feet wet.
38:34Still to come, the giant is near the end of his journey.
38:37But was it worth the struggle?
38:38Faith will not be denied when Walking with Dinosaurs returns.
38:50This tranquil lake is the setting for a crime.
38:55Ornithocyrus is safely perched on a rock.
38:59But Iguanodon is still in danger of Utahraptor.
39:09The pack is anxious and ready.
39:14Sensing trouble, another Iguanodon trumpets a roar.
39:38The pack is anxious and ready.
39:43The pack is anxious and ready.
39:48Sensing trouble, another Iguanodon trumpets a roar.
40:08After one unsuccessful attack, the raptors are cautious and it pays off.
40:19Now they're in striking distance.
40:21After two years.
40:23After a divorce roaring at Boazive.
40:24Both J-a-lis and Scandinavia
40:29S識 klases to stop Switzerland
40:32Not too very likely about his wife's children.
40:34Although we've grown up with our small dependencies,
40:38there wouldn't be Jeff.
40:40As far as near the rescue of the Strasbourg attack,
40:43saska and bears the slits.
40:45They're viewersч scholarships,
40:48The pack hunts a few times a month, so they'll consume over 200 pounds each in a sitting.
41:18A juvenile hovers nearby, hoping to share in the feast.
41:25But the pecking order is strict. Adults and babies eat first.
41:32Not to be denied, the youngster pushes his luck.
41:40The result is a severe tongue-mashing.
41:50Like the rest of the pack, their weight is turned.
42:02With a giant pterosaur, one of the Kairos, time is running out.
42:24He's still some 200 miles away from his final destination.
42:34Ahead lies Cantabria, the huge island that will one day form the bedrock of Spain.
42:42This is where he and generations like him were born, and return each year to May.
42:52The males arrived days ago to vie for the best spot to attract a female, when the Kairos is late.
43:04Once dominant, he heads for the center of the colony.
43:10Younger and more powerful pterosaurs challenge his supremacy.
43:18Again and again he tries to land, but each time he's squirted.
43:30Finally, fatigue overwhelms him.
43:34Too old to fight, and too weary to fly, he retreats to safer ground.
43:44Banished to the outskirts of the colony, this once proud male is now a pariah.
43:50Here, his chances of attracting a mate are slim.
43:54Still, he summons a mating call.
44:01But the females soaring overhead ignore him.
44:09The younger males are far more alluring, and a flashy crest is irresistible.
44:18This pair will mate only once, then she'll leave to build a nest.
44:24But he'll stay to breed again, until the beach is empty and the last female is gone.
44:31But Ornitha Kairos is not so lucky.
44:47Now exhaustion and old age are taking their toll.
44:53Driven by an instinct more powerful than life itself, he braved the hardships of an epic journey for one purpose.
45:07To ensure the survival of his species.
45:11The sacrifice is costly.
45:25The sacrifice is costly.
45:27To ensure the pains of the conditions.
45:29Who화�
45:38Follow him in an abnormal world.
45:47This is...
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