00:00Who are the Russian propagandists sanctioned by the EU?
00:06How can you clamp down on propagandists?
00:09Well, according to the European Union, with sanctions.
00:13On 15th December, 12 people were handed sanctions for participating in pro-Kremlin
00:18foreign manipulation and interference operations.
00:22Three of them are Westerners with close ties to Moscow,
00:25who participate in pro-Russian disinformation campaigns.
00:28John Mark Dugan, an American who acquired dual Russian nationality.
00:33A former deputy sheriff from Florida,
00:35he has been pushing the copycat network of sham news websites.
00:39This operation mimics legitimate European and American news organizations through fake outlets,
00:45inserting propaganda narratives into videos and articles which are often produced with the help of AI.
00:51Xavier Moreau, a French citizen of Russian nationality.
00:54The former military officer spreads pro-Kremlin propaganda through his blog.
00:58He also appears as a commentator in Russian and fringe French media.
01:03Jacques Bour, a former Swiss intelligence officer turned propagandist and also a media commentator.
01:09We spoke to Hervé Le Tocqueur from Czech First,
01:12a company which tracks disinformation about their profiles.
01:15We have today's profiles like Xavier Moreau, we have profiles like John Mark Dugan,
01:20who are people who represent a certain form of patriotism,
01:26who have been former military officers, former people involved in training services,
01:30a former sheriff, for example.
01:31So we see that these characters are particularly interesting for the regime,
01:35The goal of sanctions is to incite listed individuals to change their behavior.
01:49While they can appeal against sanctions,
01:51these are also regularly reviewed, often on a six-month basis.
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