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00:00Coming up on OWL TV, two panda bears visit from China.
00:10Sinking and floating with Dr. Z.
00:12How disabled kids train their working dogs.
00:14The Who Club kids bake bread beasts.
00:17New day, it's a brand new start.
00:32New world, we have brand new hearts.
00:40There's so much to see and do for being all my friends.
00:46There's just no way to hold it back.
00:48Let me tell you when that feeling comes over me.
00:53My natural energy, I can't sit still.
00:59So alive, you and I got me.
01:03Owl TV visits the Toronto Zoo with Ryan and Tom to get a close-up look at visiting pandas from China with Toby Stiles.
01:19So it is ching ching and ching ching and ching ching, which are names of areas in Szechuan.
01:25Did they give them matching names for a purpose?
01:27It's just a form of endearment that they use when they name their pets.
01:31I noticed on their hands, they can manipulate things fairly well.
01:36Well, you see, the panda is a bear that's adapted to eat bamboo.
01:41Now, a normal bear has five claws that are designed for stabbing or ripping, but it's not opposable like our thumb.
01:48Now, the panda adapted so that the wrist bone and the thumb is growing.
01:52It's got a little pad in the end so they can grab like that.
01:55So that's a special adaptation to eat this bamboo.
01:57Pandas are great big eaters.
01:59Because they eat bamboo, and bamboo doesn't have very much nutrition, and they don't have very good digestive systems for eating bamboo, surprisingly enough,
02:07they virtually have to eat most of the day to get enough nutrition from them.
02:11That must take a lot of bamboo.
02:13They get about 50 kilos a day between the two of them.
02:16Now, they don't eat it all because you can watch them. They're pretty wasteful.
02:19All they eat is the inner part. They peel off all the rest apart.
02:22You see, they've got enormous big molar teeth for crushing the bamboo because bamboo is very, very hard.
02:28So they never eat meat?
02:30Well, they will eat it if they find it.
02:32Why are they so endangered back in China?
02:35Well, the big problem with pandas is that they depend entirely on bamboo for survival.
02:41Now, bamboo is an interesting plant.
02:43Every 40 or 60 or 80 years, it goes to flower, which is very natural.
02:48And the flowers, of course, is part of the reproduction. It starts new bamboo growing.
02:52But then the big plants die, and it does it all at one time.
02:55And so then there's five or six or seven years before there's more bamboo for the pandas to eat.
03:01Now, of course, a hundred years ago when this happened, the pandas, when the bamboo died in one valley,
03:05would simply move to another area and eat the bamboo there, a different kind of bamboo.
03:09But they can't do that now because when they leave the reserve areas where they're in and very well protected,
03:14they come in contact with man and there's no bamboo there.
03:16There's rice paddies or there's a hydroelectric dam or something.
03:19There's less than a thousand pandas left in the world, in the entire world.
03:23Because of this bamboo die-off, they've set up rescue stations.
03:27And what they do is they find the pandas in the wild that are near starvation or sick or hurt,
03:32and they bring them in and they give them expert veterinary care and they sort of feed them up and then they can release them.
03:36These two, Jing Jing, the female, she was found nearly dead from starvation.
03:42And Chuan Chuan, the male, he was so weak from hunger that he fell off a cliff and he had a horrible wound.
03:48It fractured his skull and they found him. Some park people brought him in.
03:52He was just about dead, but they saved him.
03:55And as you can see today, he's a picture of health.
03:58Oh, yeah.
03:59Will they eat fruits or rice?
04:01We give them some apples.
04:02We feed them a porridge which is made up of wheat and soy and rice flour and eggs and milk.
04:07Sort of a supplement. They get that twice a day. They love it.
04:10Aren't they from the raccoon family? Because there was some indecision about the pandas.
04:13There was some controversy about it, but the current thinking is that they are just a highly specialized bear.
04:19How much do the pandas weigh?
04:22Well, Chuan Chuan, that's the male, is about 70 kilos, 150 pounds.
04:27And the cheese is about 20 pounds, 10 kilos heavier than he is.
04:31They go up to about 200 pounds, about 100 kilos maximum.
04:35What are the pandas' natural habitat?
04:37Well, they're now restricted to just the Sichuan province of China.
04:42It's sort of a mountainous area.
04:44When is mating season for the pandas?
04:46Well, they only normally mate once a year. These are just a little young yet to mate.
04:51How long until a baby panda is born?
04:55Well, it's 150 days, which is a fairly short gestation period.
04:59And one of the interesting things is a 200-pound female panda gives birth to a tiny, naked, hairless baby.
05:06What are the pandas' natural enemies?
05:09Well, besides man, who, of course, is the number one enemy of all animals,
05:13when they're adult, they probably don't have any.
05:15Young pandas, leopards sometimes might take one.
05:18Why do they have such furry coats?
05:21That serves as a protection, because it's fairly rainy where they live,
05:24so it's very oily and water-repellent.
05:26The reason we think they're colored black and white is because pandas don't normally live together.
05:30They only come together to mate.
05:32It's so that in the dense bamboo, they can see each other very clearly.
05:35Somebody said black and white and loved all over, and that's pandas.
05:38Aw.
05:48We're going to look at things that might sink or might float.
06:00Let's have a try. Try some things here.
06:04Come on, let's see if they sink or float. That's that way.
06:21Now, the ones that float, we want to put out in here.
06:24Let's see if we can just, right, try some more.
06:27That floats.
06:32Yeah.
06:36Oh, okay, you've got a couple.
06:38The knife sank and the fork floated.
06:40Down they go.
06:41Why is it that some of them sink and some of them float?
06:45Well, it's related to the density of whatever it is.
06:48And that's like the quantity, you know, quantity of matter there, or mass,
06:55as compared with how much space it occupies.
06:58So it has a lot of quantity to a smaller space down it goes.
07:06Now, how come that one sank and this one floated?
07:09Maybe it's because of the way you put it in.
07:11Oh, okay.
07:12Oh, yes, all right.
07:13But if you do it this way, the air stays in there and keeps it out.
07:17Yeah.
07:18So you've got more volume there, haven't you?
07:21Yep.
07:22Than if you did it the other way.
07:23There we are.
07:24Okay, let's have a look at the things that floated.
07:26Okay, just lift them out and pick a couple and lift them out.
07:33Now, suppose we took that shell and crumbled it all up and stuck it together.
07:38It would float?
07:39No.
07:40It may.
07:41It may.
07:42This is because it wouldn't, because this is spread out, isn't it?
07:44More volume.
07:45Decrease the volume with the same mass and good chance it'll sink.
07:50I have a couple of rocks in my pocket.
07:52And when I bring them out, put them on the water and see what happens to these rocks.
07:58Just try that.
07:59Yeah, they float.
08:00Yeah.
08:01So why would that be now?
08:03What do you think?
08:04It looks like they have little air pockets in there.
08:07Yeah.
08:08So what happens to the mass?
08:09That's right.
08:10Yes.
08:11And that's what makes them float.
08:13And they actually come from, you know, a volcano.
08:17And pumice is the name of the rock.
08:20Let's break that into chunks of four.
08:22So each of us has a chunk of plasticine.
08:25Right.
08:26And here we are.
08:28Now make it into a sphere first, you know, into like a ball shape.
08:32And see what happens to squeeze it around.
08:35Yeah, to make like a ball.
08:38Okay.
08:39Now, there we are.
08:41Right?
08:42Oh.
08:43Okay.
08:44Now, put it in.
08:45Let's put it in and see what happens.
08:47Down it goes.
08:48Yeah.
08:49Okay.
08:50Now what we want to do is flatten it out.
08:52So take it and see if we can flatten out this plasticine.
08:57Make sure that you get, yeah, the bottom of it all covered.
09:01All right.
09:02And then just make a little ridge around the edge.
09:05Now you can see how those great big ocean miners can actually, you know,
09:09stay afloat in the water because of that volume that they take, you know.
09:13They say that when you put something in water, you're displacing the water.
09:18And there's a force, an upward force that comes in the water for anything that is displaced.
09:24Remember how it sank before.
09:26So all we're doing is increasing the volume, right?
09:30Of it.
09:31It's the same mass as before.
09:33Let's see which of these boats will hold the most.
09:37Which of our barge is here.
09:39Okay.
09:40Now, put one in each.
09:42Okay.
09:43Okay.
09:44Another one.
09:45Ready?
09:47Another.
09:48Oh, see.
09:49Oh, down it goes.
09:50Lift it off, please.
09:51Oh.
09:52No.
09:53There she sinks.
09:54Yeah.
09:55Okay.
09:56Oh, now I'm going to lift it off if I can here.
09:58And just put it over here, too.
10:00And there we are.
10:01So the more it's spread out, the more water it displaces, the area of water it displaces,
10:07and the more it pushes up.
10:09And that's how that works.
10:11And this is how we make one type of submarine.
10:12Put the elastic on here.
10:13Now we just have to wind that elastic band around the balloon until it's there good and tight.
10:18And then we put the lid on like that.
10:19And then we've got our submarines.
10:20Now take your submarine over and undo the lid a bit, and just let it fill with water,
10:25This is how we make one type of submarine.
10:29Put the elastic on here.
10:31Now, we just have to wind that elastic band around the balloon
10:35until it's there good and tight.
10:37Then we put the lid on like that.
10:40There we are, and we've got our submarines.
10:42Now, take your submarine over and undo the lid a bit,
10:45and just let it fill with water.
10:47Then put the lid back on again.
10:50Let it fill up.
10:52Okay, that's the way submarines do.
10:54They have tanks on the side that take in water so that it will sink.
10:59Now, take the other end of the hose and blow gently.
11:05Ah.
11:08You know, that works the same way as a fish bladder.
11:13How?
11:14Well, when the fish wants to rise to the surface,
11:17they just fill up a little bladder inside with air,
11:20and that raises it up.
11:24Owl TV visits Canine Companions for Independence
11:29in Santa Rosa, California, with Jessie and Christopher
11:32to learn all about dogs that help the disabled become more independent.
11:35Hello, my name is Jessie Morgan. I'm 14. This is my dog Yvette. We both live in Santa Rosa, California.
11:52I got Yvette from CCI. CCI is Canine Companions for Independence, and what they do is they train dogs to help disabled people with their lives.
12:05Oh, Yvette, it's our anniversary, and look, everybody signed it. Yvette is a standard poodle. Right now she's three years old, and when I first got her she knew 87 commands like the rest of the dog. Now she knows 107 commands.
12:22The backpack. The backpack is designed to hold whatever types of materials. There is a handle on the top of the backpack, which is for pulling. A person would hold on to the handle of the backpack. You give the command to pull, and the dog would start walking, which would move the wheelchair faster, and then follow the disabled person could push.
12:47This is my friend Chris Ledwig. He was the first youngster to receive a service dog.
12:56Chris, what do you do when kids at your school want to pet Ivy?
13:00When she's working, like she's pulling me, I tell them that they cannot pet her. And when she's just sitting around and they come up and pet her, I tell them that they have to ask.
13:14Chris, somebody told me that our President Ronald Reagan had written you a letter.
13:19Yeah. Would you mind reading it to me, please?
13:23Sure. I be standing.
13:31Here it is.
13:34I be sitting.
13:35Sit. Good girl.
13:37The White House, Washington, November 8, 1985.
13:42Dear Chris, Mrs. Reagan and I were delighted to read about you and your faithful companion, Ivy.
13:48They say that a dog is man's best friend, and you and Ivy are proving it.
13:54You two have something very, very special, which inspires everyone.
13:59I have asked that some mentors be enclosed with this letter, and they come with our very best wishes.
14:07Please say hello to your family for us, and God bless you. Sincerely, Ronald Reagan.
14:13Before I got a vet, my life was really depressing. I mean, there were times when I just wanted to give up living.
14:27I saw no purpose in me living. I couldn't go to stores on my own without my parents following me.
14:32And if I met one of my friends at this store, that would be very embarrassing for me.
14:37So I hardly went to the store.
14:39And, you know, especially when you become a teenager, you want to do what other normal teenagers would want to do.
14:45I wanted to do these things on my own.
14:48That's when I decided to get a K-9 companion.
14:55It really makes me feel good.
14:57When somebody asks me if I drop something in the store, can I help you pick that up?
15:01I say no thank you, and we handle this on our own.
15:05They watch a vet pick it up, and it's just a really good feeling inside where I can say no thank you.
15:11I can do this on my own.
15:14All righty, vet!
15:17Dogs love to work. They love doing that more than anything.
15:22They love to make a person happy.
15:25They figure that's how they feel. They love an attention that they would need.
15:29And this way, Yvette gets her wish.
15:33And it helps a disabled person become more independent at the same time.
15:39When I graduated from K-9 companions, I decided these people have changed my life.
15:48I cannot just say, oh, well, I got my dog. I can't just leave now.
15:52You know, I really wanted to help them in any way possible because I felt that I would have to pay them back.
15:59You know, because it was just something inside of me.
16:03It took long enough, but, you know, I finally decided, okay, I know how to do the public transportation.
16:09Now why can't I take the bus from school to work?
16:14And, you know, now I work every day after school five days a week and sometimes on the weekends for K-9 companions.
16:26I do paperwork. I get packets ready to be shown to other people and the latest information.
16:33Oh, this is very strange.
16:35Okay, the third command that we're teaching today...
16:38This is a one-day-a-week puppy training class where the puppies learn their basic commands.
16:44Okay, everybody understand what I'm trying to get across about no.
16:48You say it, you mean it, you don't get angry, you make sure that whenever you say no, it stops.
16:56Hey, sweetie.
16:57The dogs are placed in what they call a puppy raisin at home,
17:01which is a place where they will be placed with an able-bodied person
17:06and they would go through training once a week
17:09and they would learn the basic commands, sit down, stay in downtown.
17:13That's for a year.
17:15They don't just train big dogs, you know, tall dogs.
17:20They train little dogs, too.
17:22Come down and tell them.
17:23No, don't.
17:25Good.
17:26See?
17:27That was good.
17:28Don't get angry at him.
17:29Jesse, you want to try milk?
17:32There you go.
17:33No.
17:34Good girl.
17:35Whoa.
17:36Is that experience handling or what?
17:39And I will socialize with puppies, trying to get them used to the outdoor stand,
17:44so it's not something new once they get the backpack on
17:47and really begin to work with a wheelchair.
17:50They won't be like, what is that thing that person's sitting in?
17:54The dogs will already know what it is.
17:57Yeah.
17:58All right.
17:59Good dog, Paul.
18:01Bonding is the love between a person and the animal.
18:07And Yvette and I, we have been together for a year now.
18:11And our bond is like a mother and his child.
18:16I mean, she does not want to leave my side.
18:19If I leave the house for one second, she panics.
18:22She'll wait right by the door.
18:24And then when I come out, she'll think, oh, it's time to play.
18:27You know, she's so excited that I didn't leave her.
18:30She's just like a little kid.
18:33Good girl, Yvette.
18:34Yes, you're a pretty girl.
18:36You're such a pretty girl.
18:38Yvette has really changed my life.
18:43She's given me that sense that I'm not a little kid anymore.
18:48She gives me courage.
18:50Oh, give me a hug.
18:51Give me a hug.
18:52Give me a hug.
18:53Hi, Yvette.
18:55When a spiny anteater needs to clean its spines,
19:20it takes its long hind claw and grooms itself.
19:24So if a predator comes by, the spiny anteater quickly stops grooming
19:28and burrows straight down like a sinking ship
19:31until all that can be seen are the spines on its well-protected back.
19:35And do you know what this soap is made of?
19:36No.
19:37What it's made of?
19:38Well, it's made from the lye which they leech from the ashes.
19:42Hardwood ashes that were put in a barrel.
19:43Water poured over it.
19:44And what was leached out, sucked out, was lye.
19:49Leaching is sucking out, as in blood suckers.
19:50And then you take out the lye.
19:51strong alkali.
19:52You mix it up with lye.
19:53And then you take out the lye.
19:54Strong alkali.
19:55You mix it up with melted fat.
19:58And the two together, they saponify.
20:04And then you take out the lye.
20:07And then you take out the lye.
20:11was lye. Leaching is sucking out, as in bloodsuckers, and then you take out the lye, strong alkali.
20:20You mix it up with melted fat, and the two together, they saponify. Other soap is made
20:26just the same way, yeah. That's where it gets the name, soap, from soaponify. We learned
20:31all about the soap making process from Ruth Keen. She also showed us how bread was baked
20:36in the 1800s in the bake room. Already lovely clean hands, aren't you? This kitchen that
20:42you're in now, this is the bake, actually the bake room, and this is where all the baking
20:48and most of the cooking was done, and it dates back to about 1817, and it's the kind of oven
20:55the old witch had in Hansel and Gretel. Do you know that story? Yes. Well, that's the kind
20:59of oven it is, that we light the fire in the oven, that heats the bricks, and then when
21:05the bread's ready to go in, you remove all the fire, and it's the heat that's held in
21:09the bricks that does all the baking, and it does get quite warm. Now, let me see, now,
21:13how you shape your bread is usually how it comes out, so if I wanted a really nice, smooth
21:18one, that's, we'd have to keep shaping it, but you can roll it, and you have to remember,
21:24though, that this is going to double its size, so this one will be kind of quite a big, big
21:30thing. Oh, I'm still not sure what I'm going to make. Yeah, what are you making, Tom?
21:34I'm making an octopus. Octopus. Oh, yeah. I'm going to make that. Oh, watch out! This looks
21:46like a new moon. Can you have some raisins, please, and two toothpicks? Two toothpicks? Two toothpicks
21:53around the front. Oh, they're really boggly eyes, those, aren't they? Rob, can you guess what
22:03one is? Turtle. Turtle. Hey, that's good. That's good. That's a very interesting thing
22:09you're doing over there. What are you making? Oh, sure. Yeah, thanks for the name of it. I
22:15think, I think they just developed, that's what makes monsters, I think, where you just don't
22:19know what they are. I hope you like raisins, Rob, you should put a lot of raisins in. I'm
22:23just going to braise it, because if you don't braise the pan, they stick. Where do they have
22:28to rise? They're just sitting on the table, right here, because it's very warm in here. You
22:32don't want to let it rise too much. If you let it rise too much, it gets very yeasly. What
22:37will happen to the yeast when you put in there? And when you get in there, you get it into
22:41a hot enough oven, it will kill the yeast, and then it will go on cooking. Now, who wants
22:45bread? I do. You like that? Yeah. Good. Well, if you'd like, take Robin's loaf of bread and
22:55bring it across me, then. We'll take Robin's loaf of bread, and we'll put it in the baked kettle.
23:00Swing your hands over the top. There we are. Now we're going to put the lid on. Now, would
23:13you like to shovel some of these hot coals and put them on the top? Very good, very good.
23:17Maybe we can just take this one, don't we? The cabbage leaf is just put on, just so that
23:23it doesn't sit on the floor of the oven where the ash is. Because if you didn't have something
23:29to put your bread on, it's going to pick up a few of the ashes. Would you like to push
23:34it to the back? Right. Now the fire is all out, so we're...
23:40Right, the next person. Thank you. We're going to turn this one around. Give a little push
23:45in. We're going to put this... Oh, now this just tucks underneath. It goes up the chimney,
23:52which is in front, and there it is. Now that's going to stay in there for about half an hour.
23:59All right, here we go. We have to be careful because we don't want to empty the hot coals.
24:06Wait, look at that in here. Now, would you like me to lift it out for you?
24:11Okay. And there it is. There's your baby. Baby monster. Congratulations.
24:18Okay, Tom, you lift it up. Pull it forward. And just stand it down in front of the oven.
24:24And there we are. Oh, they stuck together. Oh, really?
24:30This guy's got a crown here. Yes. Thanks a lot for helping us make the veggies.
24:37Oh, it's my pleasure. I had lots of fun. Thank you very much. Thank you very much.
24:41Now, you do realize I'll probably go around every day now making monsters,
24:45but I just don't have you when I do an odd piece of dirt. And thank you for coming.
24:49You're welcome.
24:51Thank you for coming.
24:53New days. It's a brand new start.
24:59New world. We are brand new hearts.
25:09There's so much to see and do for me and all my friends.
25:13There's just no way to hold it back.
25:15Cause let me tell you when that feeling comes over me.
25:20Like natural energy.
25:24And I can't sit still.
25:26Go, go, go.
25:28Say my word for it.
25:30You will know when that feeling comes over you.
25:35Right on time.
25:37That's your cue.
25:39Lift your heart.
25:41Move your beat.
25:43Dance that beat.
25:44Get the move.
25:45Go, go, go.
25:47There it is.
25:49You're just here.
25:50I've never seen it before.
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