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00:00What would happen if every human being on Earth disappeared?
00:10This isn't the story of how we might vanish.
00:15It's the story of what happens to the world we leave behind.
00:22In this episode of Life After People,
00:26the world beneath your feet,
00:28normally unseen and undisturbed.
00:32But journey below the surface and you'll find crystal caverns,
00:36mysterious ruins,
00:39strange animals,
00:41and buried in the mud of Middle America,
00:43the treasures of the Titanic of the West.
00:47Welcome to Earth, population zero.
00:58Man was a surface creature by nature.
01:08But humans engineered their domain in two directions.
01:12Up towards the sky and also down into the Earth,
01:17building complex mines, tunnels, and underground cities.
01:21And the further you descend,
01:24the stranger things get in a life after people.
01:33One hour after people.
01:37Above the ground,
01:38Seattle's International Airport is quiet.
01:43But 20 feet below ground,
01:45the arrivals and departures continue.
01:54Driven by computer,
01:55these underground trains were designed to operate with no human involvement.
02:00Radio signals beamed from the master control room
02:03ensure the trains don't collide.
02:04Trains would glide into a station.
02:11Doors would open.
02:13The doors would close.
02:16The train would move on to the next stop.
02:19It's ominous and it's ironic.
02:23The only thing moving at an airport is a train.
02:26One day after people.
02:36In the mountains,
02:3770 miles north of San Francisco,
02:39a pungent mist fills the sky.
02:45Trouble is brewing
02:46at the largest geothermal complex in the world.
02:51That's because underneath this 40-square-mile complex,
02:54heat radiating from the very core of the earth
02:57turns water into superheated steam,
03:00blasting it towards the surface
03:02at a scalding 455 degrees Fahrenheit.
03:08Man constructed more than 20 power plants here,
03:11designed to capture and harness
03:13this scorching natural power source.
03:17We're producing natural steam out of the ground,
03:20drilling wells deep into the ground
03:21several miles below our feet,
03:23collecting the steam through pipelines,
03:26piping it over land to power plants.
03:28And what you see behind me
03:30is a power plant converting steam energy
03:32into electrical power.
03:3540% of all the geothermal power
03:38in the United States was produced here.
03:40Enough electricity to power
03:41more than a million homes.
03:45But with those homes now empty,
03:48this carefully balanced system
03:49is teetering on the verge of collapse.
03:54As with other types of power plants,
03:56without people to use the electricity generated here,
03:59the plant will automatically shut down.
04:07Now, superheated steam from deep inside the planet
04:10has no release.
04:11and the pressure begins to build.
04:25Two days after people.
04:30From deep inside this Colorado mountain,
04:33humans controlled the power to destroy the world.
04:36Cheyenne Mountain is basically a very large chunk of granite,
04:42solid granite.
04:43And a tunnel was bored through the mountain,
04:45and then various other areas within it were excavated.
04:49One of the walls has a large steel door,
04:51and behind that is basically a city built within there.
04:57Inside this mountain,
04:59a massive complex,
05:00once the home of NORAD,
05:02the North American Aerospace Defense Command.
05:04During the Cold War,
05:09it was here that American military commanders
05:11would coordinate the nation's response
05:13to a nuclear attack.
05:15And it was built here for one reason.
05:18Cheyenne Mountain Complex is designed specifically
05:20to be able to withstand nuclear war.
05:24In fact, a multi-megaton explosion
05:26within a mile and a half
05:27from the center of the complex.
05:29If a nuclear weapon exploded right outside the complex's 25-ton blast doors,
05:37the buildings inside might not even move an inch.
05:41They were specially constructed to make sure
05:43that if the mountain moved,
05:45they wouldn't.
05:46Each building sits on a shock mounting,
05:52basically giant springs
05:54that isolate the buildings themselves
05:58from shockwaves from the outside.
06:02Designed to withstand a nuclear blast,
06:05now Cheyenne Mountain sits permanently
06:08at DEFCON,
06:10none.
06:12And the destruction of this once-secret hideout
06:14will be an inside job.
06:21Three days after people.
06:26275 miles south of El Paso, Texas,
06:29this mountain in Mexico's Chihuahuan Desert
06:32conceals a secret.
06:35Massive crystal caverns
06:37and a hellish environment.
06:40With the temperature here reaching nearly 130 degrees
06:43and humidity approaching 100%,
06:47humans couldn't survive here for more than 15 minutes
06:51without special chilled suits
06:52that look like something that astronauts might wear.
06:55But the environment was perfect
07:00for these giant crystals.
07:03Many more than 30 feet long
07:05and half a million years old.
07:08Some weigh more than 55 tons.
07:13The crystals are made of gypsum,
07:16a mineral whose low thermal conductivity
07:18makes it fire-resistant
07:19and such a good insulator
07:22that it's a key ingredient in drywall and plast.
07:25These crystals were submerged
07:30until miners installed pumps to drain the caves.
07:35To keep the caverns clear for mining,
07:37those pumps removed 22,000 gallons of water
07:40from the cave every minute of the day.
07:47Now, with the power and the pumps failing,
07:50water is beginning to reclaim these caves.
07:52As the water rises,
07:57will these spectacular natural wonders
07:59dissolve and disappear?
08:08Ten days after people.
08:11Beneath the west Texas city of Lubbock,
08:13a subterranean town with a population of thousands
08:16still hums with life.
08:21And according to some scientists,
08:23the residents of this town
08:24might still be talking about humans
08:26in a life after people.
08:28These are prairie dogs,
08:35which can dig subterranean complexes
08:37as big as the state of Maryland.
08:42Prairie dog is not a dog at all.
08:43It's a rodent of the squirrel family.
08:45So their closest relatives are ground squirrels
08:48and marmots and tree squirrels
08:50and flying squirrels.
08:52Evidence shows they develop their own language
08:54with different words
08:56to describe different predators,
08:58including their most efficient predator,
09:03man.
09:06Barks and a bobbing motion mean
09:08watch out for a predator
09:10in this unique language.
09:14Biologists believe
09:15the North American prairie dog population
09:17peaked at around 5 billion
09:19at some point in the 18th century.
09:24But as the human population
09:25exploded on the continent,
09:28man mastered many techniques
09:30to cull prairie dog colonies.
09:32From the slow, silent death
09:34of filling a burrow with toxic gas
09:37to the quick brutality
09:39of a long-range shot.
09:44By the year 2000,
09:46the prairie dog had lost 98%
09:48of its former population.
09:52Prairie dogs,
09:53after people in urban settings like this,
09:55will no longer have to worry about shooting.
09:57So when they wake up in the morning,
09:58they're not going to have to wonder
09:59whether somebody's behind that pickup truck
10:01trying to pick them off.
10:02They also won't have to worry about poisoning.
10:05No more bullets,
10:07no more gas.
10:09With its most deadly predator gone,
10:12just how big will this colony get?
10:18One month after people.
10:24In the tunnels below Seattle's International Airport,
10:27a transportation system designed specifically
10:29to work without the presence of man
10:31has broken down.
10:34The last of the emergency lights
10:38loses its power.
10:40The last battery gives out,
10:43and the semi-darkened, ominous passenger corridors
10:47become totally dark.
10:50The driverless trains sit powerless,
10:54except for one thing.
10:57Emergency battery backups,
11:00which keep the public address system working.
11:02Trains to oblivion,
11:12serving no one,
11:14in a life after people.
11:21Off the coast of Grenada,
11:23in the West Indies,
11:2420 feet underwater,
11:26rests a circle of concrete and steel children.
11:28Are these totems from an ancient civilization,
11:33or something stranger?
11:35And what secret will allow these images of man
11:38to come to life?
11:47One month after people.
11:49A Hollywood landmark hides a secret in its depths.
11:59The Capitol Records building is an icon.
12:03It was really the first round office building
12:06built anywhere in the world.
12:08There's always been a feeling
12:11among most of the people in Los Angeles
12:13that the building was built by a record company,
12:16and it looks like a stack of records.
12:19But the original press releases
12:21for the opening of the building
12:22and the documents that were produced for the tour guides
12:25show that that's not true.
12:27It was just a happy accident.
12:30In addition to three ground-floor recording studios,
12:33the Capitol Records building
12:34was also home to a buried treasure.
12:3730 feet under the building
12:42exists one of the world's
12:43most acoustically perfect echo chambers.
12:47The chambers feature 10-inch-thick concrete walls
12:50and ceilings made of concrete a foot thick,
12:54isolating them from outside noises and vibrations.
12:59The trapezoidal shape of the room
13:01is capable of creating an echo
13:03that lasts for up to five seconds.
13:07Designed by the electric guitar pioneer Les Paul,
13:13it was used to provide a finishing touch
13:15on recordings by superstars
13:17such as Frank Sinatra
13:18and Nat King Kartra
13:21and Nat King Cole.
13:26One month after people,
13:28these legendary chambers sit quiet.
13:33But they won't stay that way.
13:37One year after people.
13:43Beneath the Mexican desert,
13:44the Nica crystal caves
13:45are now flooded with steamy, mineral-rich water.
13:53Water is the natural enemy of some crystals,
13:56such as salt.
13:58But here, along with heat
14:00and a mineral called anhydrite,
14:02water is required for these 55-ton crystals to grow.
14:05If after people, the pumps were to die out,
14:11you were no longer pumping water,
14:13then those mines would fill up again.
14:15And if you could get back
14:16to the same mineral concentrations
14:18and the same temperatures
14:21and hold them just perfectly there,
14:23that they would continue to grow those crystals,
14:25they could become 30 meters large.
14:28That's almost 100 feet long.
14:33This will soon be a sight
14:35like no other ever seen in the world.
14:45Two years after people.
14:49Off the island of Grenada,
14:51bizarre images of mankind
14:52stare out from the ocean floor
14:54into the endless sea.
14:59A concrete man sits at a sunken typewriter.
15:03He never touches a key.
15:07A cyclist never moves a muscle.
15:12But what appears to be a traditional still life
15:15is anything but lifeless.
15:19The artist, Jason DeCaries-Taylor,
15:22designed them so that their lives
15:24are only now beginning.
15:28The underwater sculpture gardens
15:30were designed, in fact,
15:32to be habitats for future coral reefs.
15:35And so they were made from materials
15:37that coral will likely stick to.
15:39In the time of humans,
15:42statues from ancient Greek
15:43and Roman civilizations
15:44were often discovered
15:45at the bottom of the ocean.
15:49Those statues were made of marble,
15:52a mineral soft enough to sculpt,
15:54but durable enough
15:55to survive for centuries underwater.
15:57Once they were cleaned up,
15:59they sparkled like new.
16:03Here, the artist chose to use concrete
16:06made of cement, sand,
16:08micro-silica, and fiberglass.
16:13Elements which provide
16:14a perfect bonding surface
16:15for the liquid limestone skeleton
16:17that is excreted by the coral as it grows.
16:22Millions of tiny sea creatures
16:24are slowly changing
16:25these once-human shapes forever.
16:29There are thousands and thousands of coral
16:31that attach all over it,
16:32and very rapidly, actually,
16:33only within a few years,
16:35some of these statues are already covered.
16:36It's very interesting
16:38to look at these
16:39underwater sculpture gardens already
16:41because they really are sort of
16:43living a life after people.
16:46And only in a matter of a few years,
16:47a lot of the sculptures
16:48already are beginning
16:50to no longer resemble
16:51what they originally looked like.
16:52four years after people.
17:02Deep inside the Cheyenne mountain complex,
17:04the buildings that once housed
17:06NORAD headquarters remain strong.
17:08It was here that 12 million lines
17:14of computer code
17:15written in 27 different programming languages
17:18helped the military determine
17:19if it was missiles
17:20or a flock of geese
17:23coming over the horizon.
17:26With the external threat
17:28of nuclear warfare eliminated,
17:30the attention now falls
17:32upon an internal invader.
17:33water.
17:36The complex conceals
17:40a 4.5 million gallon reservoir
17:43built by the military
17:44to help stabilize
17:45the internal temperature.
17:47This is water for drinking
17:49and also water to cool
17:51the massive amounts
17:52of electrical equipment
17:53that are there waiting
17:55to be used
17:56in case of an attack
17:57against North America.
17:58Now, the more than 1,300 springs
18:02which provide protection
18:03for the buildings
18:03are under assault.
18:07The water from that reservoir
18:09is leaking out
18:10as a lack of maintenance
18:11begins to take its toll.
18:15If the springs fail,
18:17it could spell the end
18:20for some of America's
18:21most secure buildings.
18:23So then whatever happens
18:25to the granite
18:25is going to start happening
18:26to the structure.
18:27Say, if there's a landslide
18:29or an earthquake
18:29or some sort of motion
18:31to the mountain,
18:32then this motion
18:32will get translated
18:33into the structure
18:34and will cause the structure
18:35to fail because of that.
18:38A place designed
18:40to survive a nuclear blast
18:41finds its structural integrity
18:43slowly dripping away.
18:49Structural integrity
18:50slowly dripping away.
18:57five years after people.
19:07Into the very heart
19:08of one of America's
19:09most eerie
19:10and beautiful national parks
19:12drips a steady rain
19:13of antifreeze.
19:20It was here
19:21at Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico
19:23that naturally occurring
19:25sulfuric acid
19:26seeped into the limestone,
19:28carving out some of the largest caves
19:30in North America.
19:34In the time of humans,
19:36the caverns drew
19:37350,000 tourists a year.
19:40Tourists who arrived
19:41by bus
19:42and by car.
19:45We have three very large
19:47parking lots
19:47that we built
19:48right on top of the cave.
19:49And if you think about it,
19:50if you have an older car
19:51sitting on your driveway,
19:53you know,
19:53you get those little spots
19:54of oil and antifreeze
19:55and other fluids
19:56on that pavement.
19:57Now multiply that
19:58times 350,000 visitors a year.
20:00750 feet of limestone
20:04separates the car park
20:05from the caverns below.
20:08But even in the time of humans,
20:10runoff from cars
20:11found its way
20:12through the cracks.
20:17Scientists estimated
20:19more than a million gallons
20:20of contaminated water
20:21seeped into the caves
20:22every year.
20:25Five years after people,
20:28the flow continues.
20:30After people,
20:31if the parking lot
20:32was completely full,
20:33you would now start seeing
20:34a very long-term,
20:36steady source of contaminants
20:38above the cave.
20:40If we end up
20:41with a lightning strike,
20:42you could actually end up
20:43setting those things on fire
20:44and then releasing
20:45all of the melted plastics
20:48and all the chemicals
20:48associated with that
20:49also down into the cave.
20:52So you'd probably still
20:53be looking at decades
20:55before the vehicles
20:56were deteriorated enough
20:57to no longer be
20:59supplying contaminants
21:00into the underground.
21:01And then you're looking
21:03at probably 50, 100 years
21:05before all of that stuff
21:06is flushed out of the rock
21:08above the cave.
21:10The influence of man
21:12will continue to be felt here
21:13for a very, very long time.
21:18But will that be enough
21:19to stop one animal
21:21from reclaiming its former home?
21:28Six years after people.
21:32Large numbers of deer
21:34gather on the site
21:35of the Giza's geothermal field
21:37in northern California.
21:41They are drawn here
21:42by the heat radiating
21:43from the 80 miles
21:44of steam pipes
21:45left behind by man.
21:47Although the massive cooling towers
21:51and power plants
21:52shut down long ago,
21:5340,000 pounds of steam
21:55per hour
21:56continues to fill the pipes.
22:00Now, the deer are in
22:02for a very unpleasant surprise.
22:04Over time,
22:06with no one to do maintenance
22:07on the pipelines,
22:08we'd start having corrosion leaks.
22:10We would start having steam vents.
22:12And they would grow bigger and bigger
22:13and louder and louder.
22:15It's very much like listening
22:16to a jet engine.
22:17And that would go on
22:19probably for many years.
22:21Years of pressure build-up
22:23finally come to a head.
22:26Deep within the Earth's core,
22:28water hits magma.
22:29and from that collision
22:30comes the crushing power
22:32of superheated steam.
22:34The corroding pipes
22:35can no longer
22:36handle the pressure.
22:43In a life after people,
22:46the underworld
22:46is undergoing
22:47many changes.
22:49But some underground places
22:51have actually survived
22:53by drowning.
22:56How do we know this?
22:57There's one haunting place
22:59in America
23:00where it's already happened.
23:09Forty years after people.
23:12Rusting remnants
23:13of human civilization
23:14continue to decay underground.
23:19But some places
23:20have escaped
23:21the depths of destruction
23:22ravaging the below-ground world.
23:27For decades,
23:29man pulled millions
23:30of dollars' worth
23:31of minerals
23:32out of the ground
23:33here at the Bonterre Mine
23:34near St. Louis, Missouri.
23:37Lead from the mine
23:38was used in car batteries,
23:40house paint,
23:41and to make bullets,
23:42ammunition that was used
23:43from the First World War
23:45through to Vietnam.
23:48The Bonterre Mine,
23:49they began surface mining
23:50here in 1860.
23:51The diamond drill
23:52was actually developed here.
23:53and then steam-driven drill
23:55was too.
23:55Many, many mining tools
23:57that are used today
23:59were originally developed
24:01here at Bonterre Mine.
24:03In the 1960s,
24:04Bonterre was declared
24:05mined out
24:06and abandoned.
24:11When the mining pumps
24:13were shut off,
24:14the natural groundwater
24:15began to rise,
24:17creating dual underground worlds.
24:19When you come in here,
24:23you've just entered
24:23another world.
24:25You haven't just come
24:26into a place
24:26that isn't exactly
24:27what you expected,
24:29because it's much larger
24:30than you expected.
24:31You've entered
24:31into a completely
24:32different world
24:33where you've lost
24:35your senses.
24:37Huge pillars
24:38reach to a ceiling
24:39that's 300 feet
24:40above the floor
24:41of the mine.
24:42But to reach that floor
24:44requires an oxygen tank.
24:46Because today,
24:49much of the Bonterre Mine
24:50is preserved
24:51underwater.
24:55One of the things
24:56that fascinates me
24:57is how time
24:58has really come
24:58to a halt.
25:01So much of the
25:02biological world,
25:03the things that we know
25:04are going on
25:04are driven by oxygen.
25:06And oxygen
25:06is the high-octane fuel
25:08by which things decay,
25:11by which things break down.
25:13And here in this environment
25:17where the water
25:18has come in
25:19and flooded this,
25:21it's pushed the oxygen
25:22out of the mine.
25:24And now,
25:25basically,
25:26the processes
25:26are still going on,
25:27but they're going on
25:28in slow motion.
25:30It's life
25:30in the slow lane.
25:34Concealed in the depths
25:35of this billion-gallon lake
25:37is a mining town
25:38frozen in time.
25:40You're diving a time capsule.
25:44It's like Superman
25:45soaring in the past
25:46because when you're
25:47diving in the mine,
25:48you're in crystal clear water.
25:50And that's one
25:50of the very few places
25:51you can get the feeling
25:53that the diver
25:54is actually soaring
25:55through the water.
25:58Once,
25:59this staircase
25:59clattered with the boots
26:01of workers
26:01heading down
26:02into the mines.
26:07Shovels,
26:08jackhammers,
26:09and drills.
26:10Remain where they were left
26:12on the day
26:12the mine shut down.
26:15They just left a drill
26:16right in the side
26:17of the mine.
26:18It's just sticking out there,
26:19hanging in by the bit.
26:20Over a period
26:21of the next
26:2210, 20, 30, 40 years,
26:24it will begin
26:25to corrode more
26:26and finally just pull away
26:27from the wall
26:28and collapse
26:28and sit down
26:29on the bottom
26:29where it'll continue
26:30to rust away.
26:33Even the locomotive
26:35used to shuttle
26:35lead ore to the surface
26:37remains a ghostly reminder
26:39of the decades
26:40of backbreaking labor
26:41carried out
26:42on this spot.
26:43just below us
26:46is one of the
26:48many temples
26:49that we find
26:49in this mine.
26:50That's the place
26:51where the ore car
26:51comes to a stop
26:52and dumps its ore out
26:53and of course
26:54that's made out
26:55of some low-grade steel
26:57and that's now
26:59serving as an energy source
27:00for whatever
27:01the biotic community is
27:02that's living on that iron.
27:03And over a period of time
27:04they'll use all the nutrients
27:05out of that
27:06and turn that iron
27:07into iron oxide,
27:08into rust,
27:08and it'll be gone
27:09at that point.
27:11All the things
27:12that supported
27:12this operation
27:14were down underground.
27:16They built
27:16these engineering offices
27:18against the back
27:19of these pillars.
27:20They put doors
27:21and windows in them
27:21and they even put
27:22air conditioners in them
27:23to control the humidity.
27:24So you had
27:25a basic office building
27:27literally several hundred feet
27:29underground
27:30which is now
27:30over a hundred feet
27:32underwater.
27:32When it was time
27:35for a break
27:36miners didn't head
27:37for the surface.
27:39Instead
27:39they stayed below ground
27:41visiting a drinking fountain
27:43that's now
27:43overflowing.
27:47A locker room
27:48once home
27:48to the chatter
27:49and clatter of miners
27:50hoping to survive
27:51just one more day
27:52is now
27:54deathly still.
27:56So why was this mine
27:58abandoned?
28:01Everything was left
28:02behind here
28:03in the name
28:03of progress.
28:06There was no need
28:07to harvest
28:07any of that equipment.
28:09What was the use?
28:10You know
28:10pickaxes
28:11they didn't use
28:11pickaxes anymore
28:12they didn't use
28:13the shovels anymore
28:13modern mines
28:15all have loaders
28:15and the last thing
28:16a miner probably
28:17wants to do
28:17is steal a shovel
28:18from the mine
28:19because that just means
28:19he's going to have
28:20to do more digging
28:20when he gets home.
28:22So what's the use?
28:26The Bontair mine
28:27is filled with examples
28:28of how different
28:29environments can lead
28:30to vastly different
28:32rates of decay.
28:35Here we see the
28:36what the action
28:38in the fast lane
28:39is like
28:39this is a railroad tie
28:41it's rotting
28:42it's got a biotic
28:44community
28:44which is living in there
28:45which is turning it
28:46into just this powder
28:47it's all because
28:48it's feeding on oxygen
28:50it's using the oxygen
28:51as the oxidizer here
28:53as opposed to
28:54the stuff underwater
28:55which hasn't got
28:55access to that
28:56this will be gone
28:57completely in a few
28:58more years
28:59whereas the stuff
29:00underwater still
29:01doesn't look like
29:01it's even been touched
29:02it's quite a difference
29:04today the Bontair mine
29:08is used as a scuba
29:10diving center
29:10divers from all over
29:12the world come to
29:13witness firsthand
29:14the processes that
29:16will have a big impact
29:17on life after people
29:19we'll see small pieces of iron
29:23actually flaking off
29:25and that process
29:26is just happening
29:27so much more slowly
29:28than it would be happening
29:30out in the real world
29:30where big hunks of iron
29:33are rusting away
29:34and falling off
29:35and here it's just
29:36little flakes
29:37over a long time
29:38man excavated
29:41the Bontair mine
29:42a punctured hole
29:44in the earth
29:45in a life after people
29:47it will remain
29:48as a watery time capsule
29:5050 years after people
29:57in the underground world
29:59people may be gone
30:01but their impact
30:02is still being felt
30:03studies in the time
30:07of humans showed
30:08it would take
30:09at least 50 years
30:10for the last drops
30:11of oil and antifreeze
30:13to make their way
30:14through the 750 feet
30:15of rock above
30:16Carlsbad caverns
30:18now the cavern
30:22is beginning to return
30:23to its natural state
30:24and that state
30:28is filled to the brim
30:30with bat droppings
30:32in a life after people
30:33the bat population
30:35Carlsbad cavern
30:35would probably start
30:36to increase
30:37mainly because we start
30:38reducing the amount
30:39of stress on them
30:41the bats go out
30:44fly around
30:45primarily the Pecos River
30:46eat tons and tons
30:47of bugs
30:48and they bring all that
30:51back into the cave
30:52as they're hanging there
30:55they're doing their business
30:57and they're dropping guano
30:58down on the cave floors
30:59and that guano pile
31:02is an extremely rich
31:04system of organics
31:06the organic material
31:09proves to be a fertile
31:10spawning ground
31:11for millions of insects
31:13millipedes
31:14centipedes
31:15and cockroaches
31:17it's sort of like
31:18a scene out of
31:18Indiana Jones
31:19it's kind of creepy
31:23you definitely want
31:24to keep your pant legs
31:25duct taped up
31:26so that you don't end up
31:27with creepy crawlies
31:28going up your legs
31:29because there's nothing
31:30more disconcerting
31:31than trying to scream
31:32with a respirator on
31:33after people
31:36eventually
31:37they're going to fill up
31:39their usable space
31:40with guano
31:40there's sort of
31:42no natural system
31:43that flushes the guano out
31:44so it just gets deeper
31:45and deeper
31:46we know that at one point
31:48the guano pile
31:49in the bat cave section
31:50of Carlsbad Cavern
31:51was more than 60 feet deep
31:52as these creatures
31:55start to reclaim territory
31:56they've long avoided
31:58Carlsbad Caverns
31:59is slowly becoming
32:00a giant guano filled
32:02bat cave
32:03150 years after people
32:12some items
32:14from the time of man
32:15remain perfectly preserved
32:17in fact
32:18there's a place
32:19in middle America
32:20where it's already happened
32:22in 1856
32:25the steamboat Arabia
32:27was transporting
32:28settlers and cargo
32:29along the Missouri River
32:30to the western frontier
32:32near Kansas City
32:34the ship hit
32:35a partially submerged tree
32:36ripping open her hull
32:38the Arabia sank
32:40all the passengers
32:42survived
32:42but 200 tons of cargo
32:44went down
32:45with the ship
32:46in the century
32:49after the sinking
32:50rapid cycles
32:51flooding and erosion
32:53changed the course
32:54of the Missouri River
32:54the change was so great
32:57that the Arabia
32:57ended up buried
32:58half a mile
32:59from the banks
33:00entombed and forgotten
33:02underneath a farmer's field
33:04in the late 1980s
33:08the treasure hunter
33:09David Hawley
33:10led a team of explorers
33:11to recover the Arabia
33:12what they found
33:15what they found
33:15was astonishing
33:16a portal to a perfectly
33:18preserved slice of life
33:20circa 1856
33:22when we reached it
33:24in the fall of 1988
33:26we found an uncovered barrel
33:29still filled with butter
33:30still smelled like butter
33:31barrels of molasses
33:32that were still sweet
33:33they were shipping jars
33:35and cases of pickles
33:36to the frontier
33:37in those clear glass jars
33:39the pickles inside
33:39were just brilliantly green
33:41you still eat them
33:42pie fillings
33:43you could still
33:45eat those
33:46if you wished
33:46and even the iron
33:47you could open up
33:49pocket knives
33:50and the locks
33:51you could unlock them
33:52still
33:52after all those years
33:53in the water
33:54for these objects
33:56and countless others
33:58there were three secrets
33:59to survival
34:00no exposure to sunlight
34:02a constant temperature
34:05and a lack of oxygen
34:07and it was all because
34:09of the lack of air
34:10there was no oxygen
34:12at 45 feet
34:12and while you take
34:14that same item
34:15and put it on the surface
34:16of the ground
34:16it would rust away
34:17within a matter of years
34:18while the water
34:20and mud
34:21preserved many items
34:22others
34:24were destroyed
34:25by it
34:25not every piece
34:27on the Arabia
34:27had survived
34:28the water
34:29was an enemy
34:30to some things
34:31cotton for example
34:32dissolved
34:33while the wolves
34:34did not
34:35the cotton
34:36was a plant material
34:37while the wool
34:38the silk
34:38and the beaver hair
34:39coming from an animal
34:41of some sort
34:41survived the water
34:43for the objects
34:44that did survive
34:45the recovery effort
34:46was a race
34:47against time
34:48the Arabia
34:50was excavated
34:51in the winter
34:52November to February
34:53it took four months
34:54to dig it
34:54200 tons
34:55were recovered
34:56in that short
34:57amount of time
34:58sometimes people say
34:59why so quickly
35:00when you open up
35:02the collection
35:02to the oxygen
35:03it begins to decay
35:06very quickly
35:06and it's a ticking
35:08time bomb
35:08to get that stuff
35:09out of the ground
35:10out of the mud
35:10and out of the air
35:11into some stable
35:12environment
35:13to stabilize
35:15some of the artifacts
35:16Hawley
35:17the steam had
35:17to freeze them
35:18we found a lot
35:21of rolling pins
35:21one day
35:22we brought them out
35:23and typically
35:24like we always did
35:24we washed the mud
35:25and we froze them
35:26but one rolling pin
35:28somehow rolled off
35:29into the shadows
35:30and we didn't see it
35:30we found it though
35:31three days later
35:32and what had once
35:34been a round
35:34perfectly preserved
35:36rolling pin
35:36had shrunk
35:37at half of its height
35:38long cracks
35:40along the side
35:40one handle
35:41had fallen off
35:42and at this point
35:44it cannot be restored
35:45the steamboat
35:50Arabia may not
35:51have reached
35:51her destination
35:52but today
35:54200 tons
35:55of history
35:56recovered
35:56from the depths
35:57provides a glimpse
35:58of what could
35:59await some of our
36:00artifacts
36:00in a life
36:02after people
36:03elsewhere underground
36:07millions of prairie dogs
36:09work furiously
36:10to reclaim
36:11their former territory
36:12but now
36:13a new predator
36:14emerges
36:15which will survive
36:17175 years
36:27after people
36:28in the heart
36:32of Hollywood
36:32the capital records
36:34building
36:34has gone green
36:36below ground
36:40the famed echo chambers
36:41are now
36:42a sonic time capsule
36:43in the entire city
36:48of Los Angeles
36:48one of the things
36:50we can say
36:51with some certainty
36:52is that
36:53those echo chambers
36:55are going to be
36:56among the longest
36:57lived objects
36:58left by humankind
37:00they may very well
37:02be there
37:025,000 years
37:04after people
37:0510,000 years
37:06after people
37:06to ensure
37:08a consistent sound
37:10which could easily
37:10be manipulated
37:11the chambers
37:12were constructed
37:13from concrete
37:13and unlike
37:17most modern
37:18concrete structures
37:19the echo chambers
37:21were built
37:21without reinforcing
37:22rods
37:23like the ancient
37:25Romans
37:26who built
37:27without reinforcing
37:28rods
37:28the echo chamber
37:30concrete
37:31is basically
37:32pure concrete
37:33even after
37:37the building
37:37above
37:38collapses
37:38with no iron
37:40skeleton
37:40to rust
37:41and destroy
37:42the concrete
37:42from within
37:43this sonic
37:46temple
37:46may stand
37:47for a very
37:48long time
37:50500 years
37:56after people
37:57the Texas
38:02countryside
38:02pulsates
38:03with prairie
38:05dogs
38:05with their
38:09number one
38:09predator
38:10man
38:10no longer
38:11a factor
38:12the prairie
38:13dog
38:13has made
38:14a comeback
38:14returning to
38:15population levels
38:16not seen
38:17since the late
38:1718th century
38:18one colony
38:22in Texas
38:24extended in
38:25one direction
38:26250 miles
38:27and that
38:28single colony
38:29biologists
38:30estimate
38:30contained
38:31400 million
38:32prairie dogs
38:33that is a lot
38:35of bowsers
38:36the sounds
38:39of prairie dogs
38:40barking
38:40the yips
38:41and yaps
38:42of greeting
38:42and territorial
38:43fights
38:43shatter the
38:44quiet of the
38:45Texas air
38:46but an old
38:50sound has
38:50returned
38:51barks
38:52of dire
38:53warning
38:53that's because
38:55a new
38:56predator
38:56has emerged
38:57the prairie
39:01dog
39:01population
39:02explosion
39:02has been
39:03good news
39:04for what
39:04was once
39:04one of the
39:05rarest mammals
39:06in North
39:06America
39:07the black
39:11footed
39:11ferret
39:12the black
39:16footed
39:16ferret
39:17feeds
39:17primarily
39:18on prairie
39:19dogs
39:19100 a year
39:21to feed
39:21an adult
39:22male
39:22250 a year
39:24to feed
39:25a family
39:25of four
39:26in the time
39:27of humans
39:28this cousin
39:29of the
39:29weasel
39:30was on
39:30the endangered
39:31species list
39:32now
39:33after people
39:33the ferret
39:34will make
39:34a comeback
39:35by feasting
39:36on the
39:36abundance
39:36of prairie
39:37dog
39:381,000 years
39:49after people
39:50they used
39:53to be
39:53sculptures
39:53now
39:55they're not
39:56completely
40:00covered
40:01in undersea
40:01growth
40:02the underwater
40:03statues
40:03look
40:04indistinguishable
40:05from a
40:07vibrant
40:07and colourful
40:08coral reef
40:09fish
40:12and other
40:12marine creatures
40:13dart in
40:14and around
40:14their new
40:15reef
40:15most of the
40:18evidence
40:18that this
40:19home
40:19originated
40:20as a piece
40:20of art
40:21is lost
40:21forever
40:22just as
40:23the artist
40:24intended
40:242,000 years
40:33after people
40:34the military
40:38buildings
40:38that once
40:39housed
40:39NORAD's
40:40command
40:40center
40:41at
40:41Cheyenne
40:41Mountain
40:42are still
40:42standing
40:43the building
40:47structure
40:47will have
40:48corroded
40:49quite a bit
40:49the framework
40:51of the
40:52desks
40:53and the
40:54flat panel
40:55computer screens
40:56and computers
40:56that are there
40:57will be
40:58covered in
40:58powder
40:59rusted
41:00from the
41:01structure
41:01but will
41:02really still
41:03be recognizable
41:03it is
41:04an enduring
41:05tomb
41:06for human
41:06technology
41:07and for
41:08human
41:08ingenuity
41:09built to
41:12withstand a
41:12nuclear blast
41:13the Cheyenne
41:14mountain complex
41:15survives
41:16entombed
41:17forever
41:18in a life
41:19after people
41:20animals
41:23running wild
41:24explosive
41:25forces
41:26from the
41:26deep
41:26shattering
41:27the calm
41:28of the
41:28above
41:28ground
41:29world
41:29in a
41:32life
41:32after people
41:33it's only
41:34a matter
41:34of time
41:35before the
41:35underground
41:36world
41:37reaches
41:37new
41:38depths
41:39of destruction
41:54and
41:56have
41:57to
41:59é‚„
42:01to
42:02hear
42:03and
42:03that
42:04is
42:05a
42:06work
42:07for
42:07it
42:08is
42:09a
42:10kind
42:10of
42:11way
42:12so
42:12can
42:13get
42:15you
42:15and
42:17they
42:18in
42:19other
42:19that
42:20and
42:20listen
42:21they
42:21let
42:22the
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24:10
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