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Martin Scorsese Presents The Saints
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00:00These are stories of the saints.
00:30These are stories of the saints.
01:00Maximilian Maria Kolbe, patron saint of prisoners and because of his extraordinary, extraordinary
01:09compassion, drug addicts.
01:13He was born with the name Raymond in 1894, during a period when Poland just didn't exist
01:20as a nation, because it was split in three ways by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the
01:26Russian Empire.
01:29He grew up in a devout Catholic household, within a devout Catholic culture.
01:36So, you know, there are some traditions.
01:43In this song, he was very correct and most of us went into a was about the status of the
01:45creation missions.
01:46He was mostly responsible for the purpose of the church, a Christian being raised.
01:49I don't know.
02:19Raymond, what's the matter?
02:23Why do you look like that?
02:27She came to me.
02:30Who came to you?
02:33The blessed virgin.
02:37What's this?
02:40I went to her and I prayed to know what will become of me.
02:44I wanted to know why I am so sinful and...
02:50And what?
02:57She held out her hands
02:59and offered me two crowns.
03:05Two crowns?
03:05The one was white
03:09for purity.
03:16And the other one was red
03:18for martyrdom.
03:25I chose both.
03:32I had to.
03:41Come.
03:46Come.
03:47Come.
03:48Come.
03:51We must pray now.
03:52Oh, mother of the word incarnate,
03:56we thank you for visiting this house.
04:00And appearing before my son
04:02and answered to his heart for prayers to you.
04:05When Colby was a teenager,
04:08his mother joined an order of Benedictine sisters.
04:11His father joined the Franciscans in Krakow.
04:13And he began his novitiate in Lviv.
04:22And that's where he took the name Maximilian
04:25and the middle name Maria
04:27in honor of his beloved Immaculata,
04:30the most blessed virgin.
04:32Colby's father Julius left the Franciscans
04:44after the onset of World War I
04:46and he joined the Polish legions
04:48which were fighting for the nation's independence.
04:50He went missing in action early in the war.
05:03And it was years before his family learned
05:05that he had been hanged by the Russians.
05:11After World War I,
05:13the Second Polish Republic was born.
05:16Colby was ordained as a priest
05:21and he founded an evangelization movement,
05:27the Militia Immaculata.
05:30And the goal was to convert as many souls as possible.
05:36Oh, Immaculata,
05:39Queen of Heaven and Earth,
05:42refuge of sinners
05:43and our most loving Mother,
05:46God has willed to entrust
05:47the entire order of mercy to you.
05:51I,
05:53Maximilian Maria Kolbe,
05:55a repentant sinner,
05:57cast myself at your feet humbly,
06:00imploring you to take me
06:01with all that I am and have.
06:04Hold yourself
06:05as your possession and property.
06:09Please make of me,
06:10of all my powers of soul and body,
06:12of my whole life,
06:15death and eternity,
06:18whatever most pleases you.
06:19He built a publishing house.
06:24He founded a monthly newsletter,
06:27The Night of the Immaculata.
06:28He traveled to Japan.
06:35He established a mission
06:37and then a seminary in Nagasaki.
06:40And he started publication
06:45of a Japanese version
06:46of Night of the Immaculata.
06:52While he was there in Japan,
06:54Kolbe learned to meditate
06:55and he continued the practice.
07:04Kolbe also traveled to India
07:05and he built another seminary
07:08on the Malabar coast.
07:12He returned to Poland in 1933,
07:14the same year that Hitler
07:17came into power in Germany
07:19and began persecuting Jews
07:21as well as Catholic clergy.
07:26We will use all valid
07:28and legitimate means
07:29for the conversion
07:31and sanctification of man
07:33in the different states
07:35and conditions of life.
07:40As...
07:40Do you have it?
07:42Yes, Father.
07:44Kolbe suffered from tuberculosis
07:46and this sent him
07:48in and out of sanitariums.
07:49As occasions present themselves.
07:53But he never stopped
07:54his evangelical work.
07:55The non-periodical press,
07:56radio, art, literature,
07:59theater, and cinema.
08:01As legislation,
08:04chambers of deputies,
08:07senates,
08:07and other organizations.
08:10They should have,
08:10as they purpose,
08:11the fighting of evil
08:13and the nurturing
08:14of fullest development
08:16of gifts of God
08:17to soul and body.
08:18all energy
08:19should be devoted
08:20to...
08:22All energy
08:26should be devoted
08:27to helping everyone
08:29in all classes
08:31of human society,
08:33in all conditions
08:34and circumstances,
08:35from the cradle
08:36to the grave
08:37in accordance
08:39with the laws of God.
08:42Yes.
08:44That's it.
08:45Do you have it?
08:45Yes, Father.
08:49In addition to his two publications,
08:52Kolbe founded the first
08:54Catholic radio station
08:55in Poland.
08:56Here, in our midst,
09:07before our very eyes,
09:09atheistic communism
09:10seems to rage
09:11ever more widely.
09:13Its origin
09:14can easily be located
09:15in the criminal mafia
09:17that calls itself
09:18free masonry,
09:20and the hand
09:21that is guiding
09:21all that towards
09:22a clear goal
09:23is international Zionism.
09:26The Freemasons' goal
09:27is clear,
09:28to destroy the church,
09:30and their master
09:31is the Jew.
09:34Of this,
09:35I have found proof
09:36in a remarkable document
09:37that was rediscovered
09:39several years ago
09:40called
09:41The Protocols of Elders of Zion.
09:44This is a plan
09:45that has been hatched
09:46in secrecy
09:46at the highest levels,
09:48and not even all Jews
09:50know this.
09:51Brothers and sisters,
10:01open your hearts
10:03and listen to this broadcast,
10:06which comes to you
10:07from the newly launched
10:08radio Neo-Pakalanov,
10:10the first Catholic radio station
10:12in our glorious nation
10:13of Poland.
10:15Listen to the message
10:16of the Militia Immaculata.
10:18Anti-Semitism
10:22was not uncommon
10:23in Europe,
10:25and its origins
10:27go back
10:28thousands of years.
10:31This was the world
10:33that Colby
10:34was born into.
10:38Across Europe,
10:39the Protocols
10:40of the Elders of Zion,
10:43a fraudulent text
10:44filled with anti-Semitism
10:46influenced many,
10:49including Colby,
10:51to spread and repeat
10:52virulently
10:53anti-Semitic lies.
10:58Take courage,
10:58dear brothers.
11:00Inside each of us
11:01lies the struggle
11:03between sin and love,
11:05between good and evil.
11:08Nothing else matters
11:09if we are defeated
11:10in our own souls.
11:11The thing to do now
11:16is to pray well,
11:18to tell the Blessed Virgin
11:20that we are content
11:21and that she
11:23can do with us
11:25whatever she wants.
11:28Come
11:29to die
11:31of hunger,
11:33of fatigue,
11:34of humiliation,
11:34and of suffering
11:37for the Immaculate.
11:38On September 1st, 1939,
11:46everything changed.
11:54The Nazis invaded Poland
11:55from the west,
11:57and the Soviets came in
11:59from the east.
12:00The Nazis invaded Poland
12:03from the west,
12:08once again,
12:14Poland was occupied
12:15by the Germans
12:15and the Russians.
12:22Colby was arrested
12:23by the German army
12:24within weeks,
12:25and he was detained
12:27for three months.
12:30He returned to
12:31Nepokalanov
12:32to find his officers
12:33completely ransacked,
12:34the new reality
12:37of life
12:37under Nazi occupation.
12:39to find his officers
12:39because of his soldiers
12:53and the Jews
12:54are destroyed.
12:54He's been killed.
12:55He's been killed.
12:55He's been killed.
12:56He's been killed.
12:56He's been killed.
12:57Please.
13:03Father Kolbe, Father Kolbe, Father Kolbe, Father Kolbe.
13:09Oh, bless me, Father.
13:13Thank the Lord.
13:15I have flour and salt enough for the winter.
13:19I kept my hands and roosters hidden away.
13:23Glory be to God.
13:24Father Kolbe.
13:25Yes?
13:26Something plagues me.
13:29What is it?
13:31I have people coming to my door begging for food.
13:34And many of them are Jews.
13:40Is it right for me to give them food when I might not
13:43have enough left for a Christian?
13:45Of course it's right, Mrs. Khaber.
13:47They are hungry.
13:48But you warned us about the Jews.
13:52Mrs. Khaber, um...
13:55You see, these are only certain Jews who have been in together
14:02to fill their pockets and increase their power.
14:05They killed our Lord.
14:08Yes.
14:09But we must all remember that Jesus Christ, our Lord, was born a Jew.
14:14So was his blessed mother, the Immaculate.
14:18Mrs. Khaber, when man comes to you clothed in power, beware.
14:26When a man comes to you begging for food, he's your brother.
14:32He's always your brother.
14:34No matter what his fate or his appearance, you must remember this.
14:40Yes, Father, thank you.
14:46Have a blessed day, Mrs. Khaber.
14:56Colby and his brethren sheltered and cared for over 3,000 displaced
15:00people, including 1,500 Jews.
15:04.
15:12.
15:17.
15:22.
15:27.
15:55.
16:25.
16:30.
16:55.
17:00.
17:25.
17:32.
17:55.
18:02.
18:04.
18:05.
18:25.
18:32.
18:33.
18:34.
18:35.
18:36.
18:37.
18:38.
18:39.
18:40.
18:41.
18:42.
18:43.
18:44.
18:45.
18:46.
18:47.
18:48.
18:49.
18:50.
18:51.
18:52.
18:53Stop crying, you're a big club over there.
19:05I'm sorry.
19:23Shh, shh, shh.
19:29We're troubling you, my son.
19:31Happy is my mother.
19:33She's with you.
19:36She's with you now and always.
19:40I have a mother, too.
19:44Let's be Jesus Christ, true God and true.
19:48I'm a Jew.
19:50You are my brother.
19:55Get off the ground, priest, and get back to work!
19:58Now!
19:59You!
20:00Get back to work!
20:05Are you alright?
20:07You're hurt.
20:09My son, you're giving me a great gift, and I behold it to you.
20:14A gift?
20:15Yes, you allowed me to see by the light of your soul.
20:20When you're in need, I'll be here for you.
20:25Go back to work.
20:26Go back to work.
20:28Go back.
20:29Go back.
20:30Go back.
20:31Go back.
20:32Go back.
20:33Go back.
20:34Go back.
20:35Go back.
20:36Go back.
20:37Go back.
20:38Go back.
20:39Go back.
20:40Go back.
20:41Go back.
20:42Go back.
20:43Go back.
20:44Go back.
20:45Go back.
20:46Go back.
20:47Go back.
20:48Go back.
20:49Go back.
20:50Go back.
20:51Go back.
20:52Go back.
20:53Go back.
21:24I don't know.
21:54I'm sure you are all wondering
22:17why you have been standing here all day.
22:21Last night
22:22one of your fellow prisoners
22:25escaped from this block.
22:27He is now being hunted down
22:31and will soon be dead.
22:36As you know, you are all held responsible.
22:40Pauls
22:41and the Jews alike.
22:44You can continue to stand here
22:46until you are all dead
22:48or I can help the process along.
22:52Ten of you must die.
23:09So,
23:13out of the goodness of my heart,
23:16I have decided to let you
23:18starve in the bunker
23:21of block 13.
23:24Um...
23:56You?
24:02No, no, no, I can't die.
24:16Please don't let me die, please.
24:17Please, please, my wife will be a widow and my children, my children will be fatherless.
24:22Please.
24:23Excuse me, sir.
24:26I'm a Catholic priest.
24:31I would like to take the place of this man.
24:33Stand back, priest.
24:51You will speak when you're spoken to.
24:56Sir, I would like to take the place of this man.
25:00In the bunker?
25:01Sir, I thought that your job was to comfort the living.
25:09No, this is what I'm here for.
25:14He has family, sir.
25:16I have no one.
25:17Please.
25:19Please.
25:19I would like to die in place of this man.
25:31All right.
25:34All right, priest.
25:35I will allow you that privilege.
25:40Thank you, sir.
25:48You?
25:50You?
25:52You?
25:53You?
26:15You?
26:15I don't know.
26:45Our Father, who is in the ciel,
27:05is the name of God,
27:08Ma tean jay, regnum tu,
27:15viet voluntas tu, siguti in cielo, et in terra,
27:23vada en nostru quotidianum de nobis odia.
27:30Metiminta nobis a debita nostra.
27:35Sigut en vos dimintimus, de victoribus nostris ne, et nos, et nos, inducas, in tentazione, sed libero, vos amano. Amen.
28:05Another dead, Borlaac.
28:35Shema Yisrael, Adonai, Elohimu, Adonai, M'chad.
29:05Take my hand, Father.
29:16Here.
29:19Here by your side, my brother.
29:30How could I be dying, Father?
29:35How is that possible?
29:43We are all here together.
29:49We are all here together.
29:57We are all in the hands of God.
30:01It's a mystery.
30:10He is with us.
30:14My brother.
30:16He is with us.
30:17He is with us.
30:20He is with us.
30:22And we are all here together.
30:23He is with us.
30:27He is with us.
30:37He is with us.
30:38This is the last time you look at me.
31:08This is the last time you look at me.
31:38This is the last time you look at me.
32:08Colby was beatified in 1971 by Pope Paul VI and he was canonized by Pope John Paul II in
32:341982.
32:35Financicek, Gabonicek, the man whose life he saved, was present on both occasions.
33:00Gabonicek's body was incinerated at the crematorium in Auschwitz on August 14th, 1941.
33:07So the controversy here with Colby because, you know, he preached the protocols.
33:08So the controversy here with Colby.
33:09So the controversy here with Colby.
33:10So the controversy here with Colby.
33:17So the controversy here with Colby because, you know, he preached the protocols of the elders
33:38of Zion and made announcements about Zionist conspiracy.
33:41Right.
33:42It's an interesting thing because he politically and culturally seems to be anti-Semitic.
33:47I think it shows the saints are very complex.
33:50They do sinful things even after their conversion.
33:54But I think it also shows that Colby was able to be changed in his thinking.
33:59He provides refuge to large groups of people, including Jews.
34:04I mean, as you say, Marty, in the intro, this is the culture that he was raised in.
34:08This is what he would have been imbibing, you know, throughout his whole life, you know,
34:11as a Catholic.
34:12And I mean, in a sense that the miraculous people are the ones who aren't anti-Semitic at
34:15that time.
34:16But he does.
34:17I do see a conversion in this life.
34:19And really at the end to, you know, as Jesus said, greater love has no man than the one who
34:23gives his life for the other.
34:24I mean, that to me, it's an incredible story.
34:26And so he's a really complicated but extraordinary and inspiring saint for me.
34:31I was so struck by the fact that Colby, profoundly shaped by Poland and Polish Catholicism, went
34:38to Nagasaki and founded an outpost of his movement there.
34:41And I have to believe that to be a Polish Catholic in Japan at that time is to get some
34:46sort of education in the social construction of reality and to know that our categories are
34:51provisional and much more relative than we might think, you know, if we live in one society all
34:56our lives.
34:57The connection I'm trying to make is that I imagine that that somehow shaped his later
35:01openness to sheltering Jews in the convent.
35:03That he'd broken out of Polish Catholicism, if only for a short time.
35:07Yeah, and the key is meeting people, right?
35:09You go from ideas and theologies and doctrines to experiences and individuals.
35:14And, you know, for example, don't just talk about the poor.
35:17Meet people who are poor.
35:18Don't just talk about homeless people.
35:19Meet someone who is, you know, unhoused.
35:22I mean, that's what Jesus does in the Gospels, right?
35:24It's not just the leper or the Samaritan or the centurion.
35:29It's a person, right?
35:31And to get people from his time to understand their stories, their experiences, and to meet
35:36them as people, not just as categories.
35:38And that's what I see in his story.
35:40I mean, it really starts, too, when the woman stops him in the street.
35:43And the Jewish people, too?
35:46Yeah.
35:47And she was surprised, too.
35:48Yeah, and she was surprised.
35:49To me, the final conclusion of his life ratifies everything that came before.
35:54Not that it says anti-Semitism is okay, but that this journey that he was on,
35:58which ultimately leads to his complete sacrifice, his complete self-gift,
36:02tells us a lot about the spiritual life in general, right?
36:07Basically, his life was life during wartime.
36:10There was World War I, his father died, there was a little break, and they went to war again.
36:15Exactly.
36:16They were thinking about death and what you would do in those circumstances all the time,
36:20because that period was a relatively constant war.
36:23Yeah, and I think it's important to see this culture, which I think is so foreign to people today,
36:28this really intense, almost overheated Catholic culture where everything was about the church
36:34and everything revolved around the church.
36:35How is it overheated, though? Help me understand.
36:36Well, I mean, overheated in a sense, just really intense, right?
36:39And constantly talking about the saints and suffering and the sacraments.
36:43I think in a way that is hard for modern-day Catholics to understand, you know, what that world was like.
36:49And so for a kid to have an experience like that, they would have been involved in the lives of the saints.
36:55In a sense, this is a world that is almost as distant from us as, you know, the world of the early Christian church.
37:01So I think children now, even not in a quote-unquote overheated environment, have spiritual opinions and spiritual callings.
37:11Do you think in a way it's possible for all of us or even in this more secular age?
37:17Yeah, I mean, I think children are naturally religious.
37:19But I guess what I'm saying is the difference is you're not telling your son everyone outside of the Catholic Church is going to hell.
37:24Do you know what I mean?
37:25Not so far.
37:26Sorry, I'm sounding like deep.
37:28It was a pretty common idea in European Christianity at that time that Jesus kind of paid a debt by going onto the cross.
37:36In Adam's fall, we sinned all.
37:39And that the sin of Adam had to be kind of canceled out by the crucifixion of Jesus.
37:43That's the kind of thinking that Colby would have been familiar with, that he offered his life as a kind of payback almost.
37:49Jesus gave his life for us.
37:51Now it's up to us to give our lives to kind of balance things out.
37:56And we don't think that way so much anymore, but it was pretty common at the time.
38:01Well, and also the way the Gospels were interpreted, right?
38:03That, you know, the so-called blood libel, let his blood be upon us, that the crowd says.
38:08That's right.
38:09Exactly.
38:10The sins of the Father.
38:11It wasn't until the Second Vatican Council, where they finally said that the Jewish people were not responsible then or now for the death of Jesus.
38:19That's right.
38:20It takes a while.
38:21And I think it's important to see without excusing it where he's coming from and what he was taught and what his theology was.
38:26And, you know, thank God we've moved past that.
38:28There's no consideration on Colby's part, do I deserve to be in this camp?
38:34He's already so far past that by the time we see him in the camp.
38:37Oh, yes.
38:38Instead of bewailing his fate, he's, resigned isn't the right word, a recognition that he's unlikely to leave this place.
38:46And so how can he live most authentically while he's there?
38:49I think a lot of people think the martyrs court death.
38:51They want death.
38:52They seek death.
38:53They don't.
38:54They don't.
38:55And there's a sense of, I mean, you know, the piety at the time would have been that was a kind of triumph.
38:59But we see what he's doing.
39:01I mean, he's not dying just for the sake of dying.
39:03He's dying for the sake of another person.
39:05It's a sacrifice.
39:06And he's doing it, you know, out of love for this other person, which I think really helps us understand, like, the root of martyrdom, which means witness, right?
39:14And he's really witnessing to love.
39:16And witnessing with all nine others in that cell, you know, dying together.
39:22There's also a sense in martyrdom, I think, where it's a desire to stay with people.
39:28But also, you know, contemporary martyrs like the Jesuits in El Salvador, the American women in El Salvador, that they're standing with people who are suffering.
39:37And the net result of that is their death.
39:40Right.
39:41So it's not that, again, they choose this death.
39:43It's that by aligning themselves and being with and being in solidarity with people who are struggling, they die.
39:49Right.
39:50And it's unthinkable for them to leave.
39:53Yeah.
39:54That's amazing.
39:55It's not like Thomas Beckett who tells Henry that he's got to go think it over.
39:59In this moment, the commandant says, we're taking ten of you.
40:03And in that two minutes, the rest of his life is decided.
40:07He's prepared for it, but it happens more or less instantaneously.
40:11Yeah.
40:12Instantaneously.
40:13I mean, one has to understand, too, that that vision that he had as a child, understood the two crowns.
40:18One is martyrdom.
40:19And in a sense, stealing himself through his life to be ready when the time comes, if it comes, for martyrdom.
40:27I think it's something where you think about it a great deal.
40:30You think about death.
40:31You think about the pain of it.
40:33You think about the circumstances in which you should submit yourself to it.
40:37And I think he was probably, I'm just, I really don't know, but I'm just saying, if you're that, you have such conviction at such an early age and it stays with you.
40:49Don't forget his mother was with the Benedictines.
40:51His father was the Franciscans.
40:52This is a different, when you talk about a serious Catholic, this is very, very, this is the foundation of their lives.
41:00There is no other life.
41:01He could have picked, you know, he could have picked self-preservation, right?
41:05But my sense was that at that moment, for him, there's only one decision to make.
41:09Yeah.
41:10To sacrifice himself.
41:11Right.
41:12That's right.
41:13That's right.
41:22That's right.
41:23That's right.
41:24Just vedere.
41:24Can make, you know.
41:25That's right.
41:26Think about life.
41:27It's putting something out the most important.
41:28I can understand you.
41:30Pay attention from my можем.
41:31I can hear you.
41:32Layating wood.
41:33Good, pull.
41:43It's putting your時間 on, right?
41:44I can see you.
41:46Yeah.
41:47Okay.
41:48Dad.
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