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00:00Katerina Kat Stratford is a fiery woman.
00:04This witty teen is passionate about her principles
00:06and unapologetic about being a rage-filled badass.
00:11People perceive you as somewhat tempestuous.
00:14Over 20 years after its release,
00:1610 Things I Hate About You still stands out for its unorthodox rom-com heroine.
00:21Likes.
00:22Thai food, feminist prose, and angry girl music of the indie rock Persuasion.
00:29Who spurned her genre's conventions about the ideal protagonist,
00:33embraced 90s feminism, and provided a refreshing update
00:36to the Kate of Shakespearean Taming of the Shrew fame.
00:40Because then I'd have to start taking out girls who actually like me.
00:43Like you could find one.
00:44Oh, see that, there.
00:45Who needs affection when I have blind hatred?
00:47Still, like the play that inspired it,
00:49over the years 10 Things I Hate About You has attracted controversy
00:53over whether it's truly empowering to women.
00:56After all, it contains some retrograde ideas,
00:59like that it's forgivable to accept money to trick someone into dating you,
01:03and that an angry woman is really in need of the loving embrace of a hot guy,
01:07in this case Heath Ledger's charming bad boy Patrick Verona.
01:11Oh, granny baby, don't bring me down that place.
01:15So looking back, how should we interpret the ending of 10 Things I Hate About You?
01:19Has Kat the feminist been tamed by a man?
01:22Or has she instead met her match, who spurs her to be even more staunchly herself?
01:28You're not afraid of me, are you?
01:30Afraid of you?
01:31Why would I be afraid of you?
01:32Well, most people are.
01:33Well, I'm not.
01:34Here's our take on the deeper message of 10 Things I Hate About You,
01:38and why Kat is still a rom-com feminist icon today.
01:42You're making a mistake.
01:44Oh, goody!
01:45Something new and different for us!
01:52If you're new here, be sure to subscribe and click the bell
01:56to get notified about all our new videos.
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02:06It's like your own personal film festival, streaming anytime, anywhere.
02:10Hey there, girly.
02:18How you doing?
02:19Sweating like a pig, actually, and yourself?
02:21To better understand the deeper roots of Kat and the politics of her love story,
02:26we have to look back at her source material.
02:28I know Shakespeare's a dead white guy, but he knows his s**t.
02:31In the rom-com's inspiration, Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew,
02:35a group of suitors long to woo the popular Bianca.
02:38I burn, I pine, I perish.
02:42I burn, I pine, I perish.
02:44But her father won't let her marry until someone weds her older sister,
02:48Kate the Cursed, the blunt shrew of the title
02:51who detests and horrifies all the men she encounters.
02:54I pray you, Father, is it your will to make a whore of me among these mates?
03:01Like her Shakespearean predecessor, Kat is pegged by her community
03:04as a difficult woman because she gives her opinions freely,
03:09Yes, miss, I have an opinion about everything.
03:11is excessively blunt,
03:13Plus, she's a b**ch.
03:15and isn't afraid to bite back when provoked.
03:18Make anyone cry today?
03:20Sadly, no, but it's only 4.30.
03:22She also has no interest in men, at least not initially.
03:27Now there's a way to get a guy's attention, huh?
03:30My mission in life.
03:31Then, enter an unusually arrogant man who's up to the challenge.
03:35But I'm sure, you know, that there are lots of guys
03:37that wouldn't mind going out with a difficult woman.
03:40Petruchio is incentivized to pursue Kate,
03:42due to the allure of getting her father's money through marriage,
03:45just as Patrick takes an interest in Kat because he's getting paid to.
03:49Yet despite her initially vehement resistance,
03:52Hates him with the fire of a thousand suns.
03:55That's a direct quote.
03:56To everyone's shock, the headstrong Kate eventually accepts
04:00Petruchio's forceful demands of marriage.
04:02At the play's end, Kate even instructs other women
04:05on how to totally submit to their husbands
04:08and perfectly obey their new masters.
04:11Come, and place your hands below your husband's foot.
04:15This ending, and especially Kate's lengthy speech
04:18on wifely submissiveness have long been the subject of fierce debate,
04:29while a simple literal reading condemns the play as a misogynist text,
04:34in which the happy ending is Petruchio breaking the spirit of the vile shrew.
04:38Catherine, I charge thee,
04:39tell these headstrong women what duty they do owe their lords and husbands.
04:44Many scholars actually read Kate's famous speech as playfully ironic.
04:49As literary critic Harold Bloom sums it up,
04:51their final shared reality is a kind of conspiracy against the rest of us.
04:56Petruchio gets to swagger, and Kate will rule him and the household.
05:01Love and obey.
05:05Bloom and other scholars believe that Kate has been in control the whole time,
05:12and that this marriage between equals is a deeply happy one.
05:16So is Kate really tamed in the end?
05:19Or is she in on the joke, the true queen of her cocky husband?
05:23Ten Things I Hate About You has inspired the same diverging interpretations.
05:27Kat's happy rom-com ending can be read as sending the depressing message
05:31that a fierce feminist must be brought into line by a man,
05:35and a world that are uncomfortable with her rage and outspoken ideals.
05:39As opposed to a bitter self-righteous hag who has no friends?
05:42But it can also be interpreted as conveying subtler truths
05:46about partnership and self-actualization.
05:49Kat finds happiness through finally meeting her match.
05:52I didn't care about the money, okay? I cared about you.
05:57An equal who appreciates her power and intelligence.
06:00Excuse me, have you seen the feminine mystique?
06:02I've lost my coffee.
06:03Who's invigorated instead of terrified by her strength.
06:07The only thing people know about me is that I'm scary.
06:12Yeah, well, I'm no picnic myself.
06:14To fully understand this relationship,
06:17let's break down the word taming and what it really means.
06:20For I am he and born to tame you, Kate.
06:23Our most common connotations for the word align with the Merriam-Webster definitions.
06:27To reduce from a wild to a domesticated state.
06:31To bring under control.
06:32And to tone down, or to deprive of spirit.
06:35So you two are going to help me tame the wild beast.
06:37But other more nuanced definitions of the word taming
06:40have surfaced in literature.
06:42In The Little Prince, upon first meeting the prince,
06:45the fox requests that the prince tame him.
06:48I cannot play with you.
06:50I am not tamed.
06:51In the fox's eyes,
06:52to tame is to establish ties or intimacy with another.
06:56By taming each other, the prince and the fox can form a close, unique bond,
07:00distinguishing each other from the thousands of other creatures in the world.
07:04To you, I'm nothing more than a fox like a hundred thousand foxes.
07:08But if you tame me, then we shall need each other.
07:11Kat and Patrick go through the same process
07:14of getting to know each other's identity as no one else does.
07:17Milwaukee!
07:18What?
07:19That's where I was last year.
07:21I wasn't in jail, I don't know Marilyn Manson,
07:24and I didn't sleep in a spice cup, I don't think.
07:26How did you get her to do it?
07:29Do what?
07:29Act like a human.
07:31And although they round each other's edges,
07:33You're not as mean as you think you are, you know that?
07:35And you're not as badass as you think you are.
07:37they don't change each other's essential personalities.
07:41Rather, each brings the other to a more complete
07:43and content self-understanding.
07:45Oh my god!
07:49I called in a favor!
07:51Among those who do take the Taming of the Shrew's ending at face value,
07:55some read it as the playwright's commentary
07:57on the misogyny of his society.
07:59How mean you that?
08:00No mates for you unless you're of milder, gentler mold.
08:03And in Ten Things I Hate About You,
08:05while Kat may be seen as a problem in her society's eyes,
08:09Is there any chance we could get Kat to take her Midol
08:11before she comes to class?
08:13The movie clearly expresses the perspective
08:15that really the problem is everyone around her.
08:18My insurance does not cover PMS.
08:21From the father who's terrified of letting his daughters
08:23make decisions about their own bodies,
08:26So you can understand the full weight of your decisions.
08:28To the nice guy who over-idealizes his crush.
08:35She's totally pure.
08:36To the popular kid who pursues sex as a prize to flatter his oversized vanity.
08:41Oh, she's out of reach, even for you.
08:43No one's out of reach for me.
08:45When Kat tells her sister about her first sexual experience with Joey,
08:49she reveals why she's refused to be tamed by this hostile high school environment,
08:55and its values she doesn't agree with.
08:57After that I swore I would never do anything just because everyone else was doing it.
09:00That would be the form of taming that is simply submission,
09:03and letting someone's spirit be broken.
09:06But she does let herself be tamed by Patrick,
09:09in the little prince sense of the word.
09:11Because he's not a representation of this world
09:13which is trying to erase her personality,
09:15but an independent and wild spirit like her,
09:19who pushes her to channel that spirit into more than just sarcastic contrarianism.
09:24So you're disappointed from the start,
09:25and then you're covered, right?
09:27Something like that.
09:28Then you screwed up.
09:30How?
09:31You never disappointed me.
09:33Challenging each other to do the brave work of being vulnerable,
09:36of admitting what they really want and care for,
09:39is the kind of taming that is really true love.
09:42But mostly I hate the way I don't hate you.
09:44Not even close.
09:46Not even a little bit.
09:47Not even at all.
09:54If you call yourself a free spirit, a wild thing,
09:57and you're terrified somebody's going to stick you in a cage.
10:0010 Things I Hate About You is far from the first film
10:03to feature a taming of the shrew arc.
10:05In fact, the rom-com trope of the tough broad softened by love
10:09has been the bread and butter of rom-com since its inception.
10:13I cannot endure my lady tongue!
10:17Come, lady, come!
10:18You have lost the heart of Senor Benedict!
10:20Plenty of rom-com heroines begin as harsh, tightly wound career women,
10:25only to be made more human by love,
10:28which helps them understand what really matters in life.
10:31Why are you supposed to get down on your knee or something?
10:33I'm gonna take that as a yes.
10:35This broad story breaks down into three subtypes,
10:39each one sending a different message about women's liberation
10:42and the balance between individual identity and romantic attachments.
10:46Maybe you should let somebody help you out every once in a while.
10:49Definitely not.
10:51I've got all of these little balls up in the air.
10:53In the first category of the independent woman love plot,
10:56the heroine puts a career, or higher calling, first in her life.
11:00I don't know where I'm gonna be in five years,
11:03and I don't want to know.
11:04I want my life to be an adventure.
11:05In other words, she puts herself above a man.
11:08In more recent stories especially,
11:10this can be portrayed as a positive development in the character's arc.
11:14Holloway Harris, how may I help you?
11:16Of course, please hold for Joan.
11:19Or it might be shown sympathetically as a difficult trade-off
11:22in a society that still isn't kind to working women.
11:25But traditionally, her prioritizing of career over love
11:28makes her more or less a cautionary tale.
11:31You chose to get ahead.
11:34You want this life?
11:35Those choices are necessary.
11:37Even if she does try to land a man as well,
11:40her cutthroat drive simply won't allow space
11:43for meaningful relationships or the human warmth they require.
11:46You know, you don't get anywhere in this world
11:48by waiting for what you want to come to you.
11:52You make it happen.
11:53The second version of this plot is the working woman
11:56who tempers her ambition, or is noticeably softened
11:59when she finds love.
12:00It's a great plot and a fine play, but not for me anymore.
12:04Not for a foursquare, upright, downright, forthright married lady.
12:08This dominant personality must yield to make room
12:11for a man in her life.
12:13Yeah, so who's the boss, Andrew?
12:16While she might star in a heartwarming or relatable romance,
12:19and even still get rewarded with work success in the end,
12:22often her story contains some degree of implication
12:25that there was something wrong with or too hard
12:28about this woman in her starting form,
12:30and reinforces the idea that all a woman really needs is love.
12:34I realized I had everything I ever wanted,
12:37but nothing I really needed.
12:40And I think that what I need is here.
12:44While Cat could risk falling into the traps
12:46of these first two character arcs,
12:48instead she best fits into a third category of this plot,
12:52one which represents a balance of love and individualism.
12:55I'll take the West Wing, you take the East Wing,
12:57and you can be the first gentleman.
12:59In this arc, the strong-minded woman finds a partner
13:02who admires her career ambitions and strong personality,
13:05and doesn't want her to change.
13:07If there's one thing I know about this business,
13:09it's never underestimate what Princess Carolyn can do by herself.
13:12Her love interest brings out the best in her,
13:15encouraging her to pursue her dreams and realize her potential.
13:18I work for Kirsten because I want to write the kind of articles
13:21that made me cry when I was a little girl.
13:23And Kirsten's the best sports journalist there is.
13:25Well, has she read any of your stuff?
13:27When Cat lets down her guard and relaxes her most abrasive instincts,
13:32this allows for deeper joys in her life,
13:34like a positive relationship with her sister.
13:36I don't know if I ever thanked you for going last night,
13:41but it really meant a lot to me.
13:42I'm glad.
13:44But that doesn't mean she's changed in the important ways.
13:47She doesn't compromise on what she wants,
13:50and never stops fighting for the ideals she believes in.
13:53What about Sylvia Plath or Charlotte Bronte or Simone de Beauvoir?
13:57The biggest problem with the first two categories of this plot
14:00is that they assume strong-minded women must choose
14:03between a false binary of love or ambition.
14:06My personal life is hanging by a thread, that's all.
14:08Well, join the club.
14:10That's what happens when you start doing well at work, darling.
14:12But while having it all remains an elusive and unrealistic goal for women,
14:17that doesn't mean the only other option is a black-and-white either-or.
14:21And as Kat demonstrates, falling in love with the right person
14:24can actually make us feel more ourselves.
14:27A Fender Strat?
14:29Is it for me?
14:30Yeah, I thought you could use it, you know, when you start your band.
14:38From the movie's opening, when Kat blasts feminist rock music
14:42next to the car full of popular bubbly blondes,
14:44it's clear that she's a different kind of teen rom-com heroine.
14:52Romantic?
14:53Hemingway?
14:54He was an abusive alcoholic misogynist who squandered half his life
14:58hanging around Picasso trying to nail his leftovers.
15:00Kat's punk individualist outlook, her sarcasm and will to speak her mind,
15:05and her fearlessness in challenging the wrong structures around her,
15:08embody the spirit of third-wave feminism of the mid-1990s.
15:12What did I miss?
15:14The oppressive patriarchal values that dictate our education.
15:17Good.
15:20By making Kat and not the popular, amiable Bianca the protagonist,
15:24this story makes the feminist shrew aspirational.
15:27No offense or anything.
15:29I mean, I know everyone digs your sister, but um, she's without.
15:33It asserts that the person we should be aspiring to be like
15:36is the smart, independent-minded, angry woman.
15:40The one who's controversial, pisses people off, and isn't widely liked.
15:44This is so patronizing.
15:45Ugh, leave it to you to use big words and get smashed.
15:48She's the one who gets the larger-than-life story and romance.
15:51Some asshole for me to take on this really great girl.
15:54Is that right?
15:55Yeah, but I screwed up.
15:56I, um, I fell for her.
15:58And this progressive lead laid the groundwork for future edgy women
16:02to take center stage.
16:04My entire generation is a bunch of mouth breathers.
16:07They literally have a seizure if you take their phone away for a second.
16:10They can't communicate without emojis.
16:11To be fair, Kat's feminism isn't perfect.
16:14As an upper-middle-class suburban white woman,
16:16she takes it for granted that her privilege will let her get away
16:20with a slap on the wrist for her rebellious behavior.
16:23You might want to work on that.
16:25As always, thank you for your excellent guidance.
16:27And while the concept of intersectionality gained prominence
16:30as part of third-wave feminism, which paid more attention to race and class
16:34than earlier feminist movements, Kat herself can be a little tone-deaf
16:38when it comes to serious issues outside of her limited worldview.
16:42But the next time you storm the PTA, crusading for better lunch meat,
16:46or whatever it is you white girls complain about,
16:48ask them why they can't buy a book written by a black man.
16:51Despite her faults, Kat remains an aspirational feminist
16:55for the ways she resists the conformist pressures of her society,
16:58and remains true to herself, even when it's hard.
17:01I'm a firm believer in doing something for your own reasons
17:04and not someone else's.
17:05And ultimately, giving Kat the final prize of finding romantic happiness
17:09with a pretty irresistible partner,
17:12I need you, baby, to warm the lonely night,
17:16I love you, baby.
17:18sends the message that being an independent spirit
17:21and going against the grain doesn't have to equate to being alone
17:24or isolated from others forever.
17:27And don't you see that you can-
17:28I want you to want me.
17:32So if you too sometimes feel like an alien trapped in a confusing world
17:36of people who are wired very differently from you,
17:39you can take courage from Kat's example.
17:42Expressing my opinion is not a terrorist action.
17:44As long as you keep expressing your true voice,
17:46eventually you'll find your people and be accepted for who you are.
17:51What's the matter upset that I rubbed off on her?
17:53Oh, impressed.
17:58Hi everyone, I'm Susannah.
18:00I'm Debra.
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