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00:00There are over 30 harmful substances in cigarette smoke, including alkaloids, arsenic, nicotine, aldehydes, and others.
00:22Many of these are deadly poisons.
00:24Of special significance is benzopyrene, which is one of the known cancer-producing agents.
00:31As the tobacco burns, it reaches temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit,
00:37and this process causes physical and chemical changes in the nicotine, tars, and other substances.
00:44Most of these products are gaseous at high temperatures,
00:47and they become part of the smoke that is carried into the respiratory passages
00:51and absorbed through the mucous membrane and the tissues.
00:56Foremost among these substances is carbon monoxide, which is the killer in automobile exhausts.
01:07In order to illustrate the harmful effects of even small amounts of carbon monoxide upon the body,
01:14let's take a look at the breathing cycle.
01:16When you breathe clean air, oxygen enters the lungs,
01:21where it finds its way to the red corpuscles of the bloodstream.
01:26The heart then pumps the blood to the body cells, which in turn utilize the oxygen.
01:32As you smoke, carbon monoxide, the poisonous gas we have mentioned,
01:37is attracted to the red corpuscles just as the oxygen was, only more strongly.
01:42These carbon monoxide molecules take over some of the red blood corpuscles,
01:48decreasing the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to the tissues.
01:52In other words, they prevent the oxygen from reaching the red blood cells,
01:57thereby reducing the oxygen transportation by 5 to 15 percent.
02:01This is one of the reasons why the smoker cannot run as fast or as far as he could if he didn't smoke.
02:20Another bad actor in cigarettes is nicotine.
02:23Nicotine is an alkaloid and works upon the nerve centers of the brain that regulate the heartbeat and breathing.
02:35In addition, nicotine causes the small blood vessels to get smaller or constrict.
02:41There is substantial evidence that continuous smoking causes the small blood vessels to lose their elasticity,
02:47and this increases the possibility of heart trouble and blood vessel diseases.
02:53The heavy smoker smokes the equivalent of a cigarette over six feet long every day,
03:00or one about the length of a coffin.
03:03But among the real threats in smoking are the killers known as the carcinogens,
03:18the cancer-producing agents found in the tars condensed out of the tobacco smoke
03:23and deposited into the bronchial tubes leading to the lungs.
03:27And with a person's constant smoking day after day,
03:30the carcinogens build up a mighty force.
03:37From the bronchial tubes, the carcinogens move into the air tubes of the lungs,
03:41where they begin to antagonize systematically the cells of the air tubes.
03:46It is not known why the cells change and become abnormal,
04:06but they begin to grow and affect those cells around them
04:09until the victim finds himself hopelessly afflicted with lung cancer.
04:14A non-smoker has about one chance in 270 of developing this disease,
04:19while a man who continues to smoke two packs a day
04:22has only about one chance in ten.
04:25And 95% of those afflicted will eventually die from the cancer.
04:30And so the evil cycle goes on and on.
04:51Our cigarette's gone now.
04:52Well, let's see what we've gathered from it.
04:57Keep in mind what was said about nicotine.
05:00It's a poison, deadly poison.
05:02It ranks with cyanide.
05:05Now this residue is made up of nicotine and tars,
05:09a portion of which gets into your lungs every time you smoke a cigarette.
05:13You smoke a pack and a half of cigarettes a day for a year,
05:18and a full quart of these poisons will be poured into your bodies.
05:23And what does it do?
05:27Well, let's see what it does to a mouse.
05:33Where, fella?
05:35There we go.
05:36Now, this tube contains pure nicotine.
05:43And I'm going to give this little fella one drop.
06:06Now, fortunately, man is many times larger than a mouse,
06:15for that amount of nicotine would kill him just like it kills the mouse.
06:21Now, our bodies have the ability to increase tolerance to these substances,
06:25but the harmful effect continues.
06:30By habitual smoking and by the constant dousing
06:33and the respiratory passages with these poisons,
06:37the body doesn't have much of a chance to function properly.
06:41For instance, we know that heart action is definitely impaired,
06:45and this increases the danger of heart disease.
06:50Through smoking, stomach ulcers are aggravated,
06:54healing is delayed,
06:56and the ulcers may become malignant.
06:59Current research indicates that many other organs and tissues of the body
07:03are adversely affected by the use of tobacco.
07:07And, of course, you've just seen
07:08what an important part smoking plays
07:11in the causing of lung cancer.
07:13Yes?
07:14Doc, I read that there really hasn't been an increase in lung cancer.
07:18But it's only our more complete diagnosis now.
07:22Well, we'll admit that some lung cancer
07:24may have been poorly diagnosed in the past.
07:26But in the year 1912,
07:30there were only 276 known cases of lung cancer
07:33in the whole United States.
07:36Today, it kills more than 35,000 Americans every year.
07:41Now, these statistics
07:49show the interesting parallel
07:53between the increase in tobacco consumption
07:56and the increase in lung cancer.
08:01Notice the similarity in the two.
08:05It's interesting to note that lung cancer
08:07used to be a man's disease.
08:10But now, with women smoking heavily,
08:12their death rate from this affliction
08:14is rapidly approaching that of men.
08:17What about filters?
08:18They're supposed to prevent most of the tar and nicotine
08:20from reaching you, I think.
08:22Well, filters might help,
08:24except for two things.
08:27The added cigarette length
08:28means that the smoker
08:30usually smokes the cigarette
08:32nearly down to the filter.
08:35And thus, he gets all of the nicotine
08:38and the tar
08:39that he would normally throw away
08:41with a longer cigarette butt.
08:44And secondly,
08:46no one has yet produced a filter
08:47that removes all of the poison
08:49from the smoke
08:50and yet keeps the taste
08:53that the smoker demands.
08:55Yes?
08:56Doc,
08:57how about all them old codgers
08:59that's been smoking all their lives
09:00and don't show any signs of cancer
09:02or anything else?
09:03As far as cancer is concerned,
09:07not everyone's going to get it.
09:09There appears to be susceptibility to it.
09:13And there's the time factor involved.
09:17Cancer usually strikes in the 50s.
09:20Of course, the problem is
09:21you don't know
09:22whether you're one of those people
09:23who will get cancer
09:24until you've got it
09:26or it's got you.
09:28And then it may be too late.
09:30As for those old codgers you mentioned,
09:34they may have been
09:35less sensitive
09:36to tobacco poisons.
09:39Trouble is,
09:39no one knows
09:40whether he's sensitive or not.
09:42Smoking is sort of like
09:44playing Russian roulette.
09:47Or to quote Dr. Oxner,
09:49tobacco is a loaded pistol
09:51and time pulls the trigger.
09:55Now men,
09:56the American Cancer Society
09:57recently made a study
09:59based upon the
10:00smoking habits
10:01of 188,000 American men
10:03and concluded
10:05that smokers
10:06of two or more packs
10:07of cigarettes per day
10:08have a death rate
10:10123% higher
10:13than non-smokers.
10:15In other words,
10:18by the time
10:19the median age
10:20of 69 is reached,
10:22for every
10:2310 non-smokers
10:24who have died,
10:2622 heavy smokers
10:28will have died
10:29and 17 light smokers
10:32will have died.
10:34Now this means
10:35the average heavy smoker,
10:38two packs a day,
10:39will die around
10:40the age of 58 years
10:42while the average
10:44non-smoker
10:45will last
10:46until he's 69.
10:48Now the value
10:49of this report
10:50lies in its scope,
10:52its thoroughness,
10:53and the unquestionable
10:55scientific accuracy
10:56upon which it is based.
10:58For example,
11:01the death rate
11:02from heart disease
11:03in this group
11:03of 188,000 men
11:05was twice as high
11:08as indicated
11:09by these headstones
11:10among smokers
11:12as non-smokers.
11:15And get this,
11:17the rate of deaths
11:18from lung cancer
11:19was 20 times higher
11:22than among non-smokers.
11:25Now men,
11:26these findings
11:26are being sent
11:27to your doctor
11:28and to every
11:30private and public
11:31health service
11:32in this country.
11:34Not only our own
11:35government,
11:36but other governments
11:38are concerned
11:39about the rising
11:40incidents in lung cancer.
11:42and they are publishing
11:43warnings to cigarette smokers
11:45about the risks
11:46they are taking
11:47when they smoke.
11:49For example,
11:50the governments
11:53of Britain
11:55and Australia
11:56recently engaged
11:59in a poster campaign
12:00against the use
12:02of tobacco.
12:04And in Holland,
12:06Sweden,
12:06and Austria,
12:08the governments
12:09and the local
12:09school authorities
12:10are actively advising
12:12their young people
12:13not to take up smoking.
12:17Now, friends,
12:18governments,
12:20agencies,
12:21and doctors
12:21can advise
12:24and point up the way.
12:24But after all,
12:27what you do
12:27with your own life
12:28is up to you.
12:30Now, you have the facts.
12:32So, start to think
12:34for yourselves.
12:35Get smart.
12:37Tobacco
12:38was a false need.
12:45Sure,
12:45it may be hard
12:46to quit,
12:47but you can
12:48if you really want to.
12:50Now, most of you
12:53can have
12:54a second chance
12:55if you'll stop
12:56smoking today.
12:59And I promise you
13:00if you do,
13:01your food
13:02will taste better.
13:04Your breath
13:05will be sweeter.
13:06Your eyes
13:06will be clearer.
13:08And your whole body
13:09will function better.
13:12In short,
13:13you will live longer
13:15and you'll enjoy
13:16life more.
13:17Well, that's it, fellas.
13:21Thanks a lot.
13:28Say, Doc,
13:29can I talk to you
13:30a minute?
13:31Why, sure, Nick.
13:31What's on your mind?
13:32I want you to know
13:33that I sure enjoyed...
13:36I can't say
13:37I really enjoyed it,
13:38but everything
13:39you said is true
13:40and I'm quitting.
13:43You can take
13:43these cigarettes
13:44and use them
13:45to kill mice
13:45or something.
13:46I'm finished.
13:47Nick,
13:47do you really mean this?
13:49Yes, sir.
13:50No kidding, Doc.
13:51You really have
13:52convinced me.
13:53Well, Nick,
13:54that's wonderful.
13:55That's a very
13:56intelligent decision.
13:59And now,
14:01how about you?
14:03Don't forget,
14:05tobacco is a loaded pistol
14:07and time pulls the trigger.
14:10What's more know?
14:12Thank you, and you're
14:14good.
14:19You must be
14:27producción on me.
14:28No kidding.
14:29You choose be
14:30your child!
14:31Okay,
14:31what about you
14:32do you see in the
14:32life...
14:32you extra
14:33it...
14:33say...
14:33you could not
14:34think away...
14:35the truth is