@#Zweckkind
https://x.com/Zweckkind
ABONNIEREN
https://www.dailymotion.com/ZweckKind
arte, 05.07.2009
arte-Themenabend: #Apokalypse
1. Beitrag
Krieg der Welten
Sci-Fi-Film von 1953
-----------
2. Beitrag
Offenbarung und #Weltuntergang
#Apocalypse et #FinDuMonde
Doku, FR/CA, 2006
----------
3. Beitrag
Asteroiden - Die Gefahr aus dem Weltall
-----------------------------------------------
arte, 05.07.2009
2. Offenbarung und Weltuntergang
Frankreich, 2004
Regie: Chema Sarmiento
Der Film führt verschiedene Katastrophenszenarien vor Augen, die sich die menschliche Fantasie angesichts eines drohenden Weltuntergangs geschaffen hat. Es werden viele der Mythen hinterfragt, die in den letzten 2000 Jahren geschaffen wurden. Es wird auch untersucht, wie begründet diese Ängste sind.
Apokalyptische Szenarien und mit Angst besetzte Fantasien vom Untergang der Welt ziehen sich durch alle Kulturen. Die Dokumentation bietet einen Überblick über diese bedrohlichen Vorstellungen und will gleichzeitig dazu anregen, sich mit tatsächlichen Bedrohungen sachlich auseinanderzusetzen.
Apokalypse ist das altgriechische Wort für Enthüllung und Offenbarung. Es ist auch der Titel des letzten Buches der Bibel, das mit diesem Wort beginnt. Da dieses Buch vom Ende der Zeiten berichtet, bezeichnet man heute mit Apokalypse auch den Weltuntergang. Apokalyptische Vorstellungen und Fantasien haben im Abendland immer eine wichtige Rolle gespielt. Historische Begebenheiten wie die Kreuzzüge, die Reformation und die Eroberung des amerikanischen Kontinents sind mit apokalyptischen Sinngebungen befrachtet.
Auch heute beschäftigt die Möglichkeit einer kosmischen Katastrophe die Menschen. So schafft die Erfindung der Atombombe in Verbindung mit der Globalisierung der Konflikte dieser Angst eine rationale Grundlage. Die Dokumentation gibt einen anschaulichen Überblick über die aus dieser Angst geborenen Vorstellungen.
Im Laufe der letzten zwei Jahrtausende glaubten die Menschen mehrmals an einen unmittelbar bevorstehenden Weltuntergang. Eine eher beruhigende Feststellung angesichts der Tatsache, dass die Welt sich noch immer dreht. Aber vielleicht sind unsere Ängste doch nicht ganz unbegründet ...
-------------------
Weltbevölkerungsuhren:
http://countrymeters.info/de/World/
http://www.weltbevoelkerung.de/oberes-menue/publikationen-downloads/zu-unseren-themen/weltbevoelkerungsuhr.html
------------------
World Human-#Overpopulation - #PopulationConnection
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_9SutNmfFk (Old)
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x5r7saf (Old)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evgdu8yHXww (New)
*****************
Nicht vergessen:
Kommi, Daumen, Teilen, ABO
https://www.dailymotion.com/ZweckKind
.
https://x.com/Zweckkind
ABONNIEREN
https://www.dailymotion.com/ZweckKind
arte, 05.07.2009
arte-Themenabend: #Apokalypse
1. Beitrag
Krieg der Welten
Sci-Fi-Film von 1953
-----------
2. Beitrag
Offenbarung und #Weltuntergang
#Apocalypse et #FinDuMonde
Doku, FR/CA, 2006
----------
3. Beitrag
Asteroiden - Die Gefahr aus dem Weltall
-----------------------------------------------
arte, 05.07.2009
2. Offenbarung und Weltuntergang
Frankreich, 2004
Regie: Chema Sarmiento
Der Film führt verschiedene Katastrophenszenarien vor Augen, die sich die menschliche Fantasie angesichts eines drohenden Weltuntergangs geschaffen hat. Es werden viele der Mythen hinterfragt, die in den letzten 2000 Jahren geschaffen wurden. Es wird auch untersucht, wie begründet diese Ängste sind.
Apokalyptische Szenarien und mit Angst besetzte Fantasien vom Untergang der Welt ziehen sich durch alle Kulturen. Die Dokumentation bietet einen Überblick über diese bedrohlichen Vorstellungen und will gleichzeitig dazu anregen, sich mit tatsächlichen Bedrohungen sachlich auseinanderzusetzen.
Apokalypse ist das altgriechische Wort für Enthüllung und Offenbarung. Es ist auch der Titel des letzten Buches der Bibel, das mit diesem Wort beginnt. Da dieses Buch vom Ende der Zeiten berichtet, bezeichnet man heute mit Apokalypse auch den Weltuntergang. Apokalyptische Vorstellungen und Fantasien haben im Abendland immer eine wichtige Rolle gespielt. Historische Begebenheiten wie die Kreuzzüge, die Reformation und die Eroberung des amerikanischen Kontinents sind mit apokalyptischen Sinngebungen befrachtet.
Auch heute beschäftigt die Möglichkeit einer kosmischen Katastrophe die Menschen. So schafft die Erfindung der Atombombe in Verbindung mit der Globalisierung der Konflikte dieser Angst eine rationale Grundlage. Die Dokumentation gibt einen anschaulichen Überblick über die aus dieser Angst geborenen Vorstellungen.
Im Laufe der letzten zwei Jahrtausende glaubten die Menschen mehrmals an einen unmittelbar bevorstehenden Weltuntergang. Eine eher beruhigende Feststellung angesichts der Tatsache, dass die Welt sich noch immer dreht. Aber vielleicht sind unsere Ängste doch nicht ganz unbegründet ...
-------------------
Weltbevölkerungsuhren:
http://countrymeters.info/de/World/
http://www.weltbevoelkerung.de/oberes-menue/publikationen-downloads/zu-unseren-themen/weltbevoelkerungsuhr.html
------------------
World Human-#Overpopulation - #PopulationConnection
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_9SutNmfFk (Old)
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x5r7saf (Old)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evgdu8yHXww (New)
*****************
Nicht vergessen:
Kommi, Daumen, Teilen, ABO
https://www.dailymotion.com/ZweckKind
.
Kategorie
🗞
NewsTranskript
00:00Apocalypse
00:30now in the documentary.
01:00The day is breaking.
01:12The city awakens.
01:14Any city, anywhere in the world.
01:17Everything points to a beautiful day.
01:22As always, we are fulfilling our duties.
01:25Our daily routine is practically predetermined from early on.
01:28We already know who we will meet, what it will be, and when it will take place.
01:34There is little room in our lives for the unexpected.
01:40This monotony does make our everyday lives less exciting,
01:44However, it gives us a feeling of calm and security.
01:47The mechanisms of every society on our planet are based on this assumption.
01:52A new day essentially follows the same pattern as the previous one.
01:56And suddenly a catastrophe occurs.
02:01Because we cannot assess its extent, we are overcome with fear.
02:06What if this is not an isolated phenomenon?
02:09but a sign that the apocalypse is now beginning?
02:12In common understanding, apocalypse means catastrophe and is synonymous with the end of the world.
02:22The Book of Revelation, with its 22 chapters, is the only book in the Bible that deals with the Apocalypse.
02:29The word apocalypse is Greek and means revelation.
02:39However, most people are unaware of this and associate the word with what it has conveyed for centuries: catastrophe.
02:46This general view is by no means unfounded.
02:56In the Book of Revelation, one reads about plagues, the seven seals, the seven trumpets, and the seven bowls.
03:03who foretell misfortune and great catastrophes.
03:05The individual's experience with death and the collapse of ancient cultures,
03:18They aroused the thought in people that it was possible the world could completely perish.
03:24The idea that there will be an end of the world and with it a final judgment,
03:29It gradually crystallized in what is now Iran during the first millennium BC.
03:35The belief in the end of the world is widespread almost everywhere.
03:42The belief in the end of the world is widespread almost everywhere.
04:05Our end will come when there are no more trees, when everything has been cut down, when there are people everywhere and no more forests.
04:14Then the end of the world will come. Not yet, but soon.
04:19Then the end will catch up with us and nothing will remain of us.
04:28Prophecy of the La Candona Indians, Mexico
04:31However, some cultures focus more on the annual renewal of nature and do not believe in a definitive, irrevocable end.
04:43After total destruction, the world is rebuilt, until it is destroyed again.
04:48And so it goes on and on, following an eternal cycle.
05:00Perhaps history and mythology draw on ancient apocalypses.
05:05Isn't the Great Flood also an apocalypse?
05:12However, this is not first reported in the Bible, but already in Near Eastern myths.
05:19Also in the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh.
05:22In it, Noah is called Utnapishtin.
05:23And when they saw his wickedness, the gods decided to destroy humankind.
05:40But the god Ea warned Utnapishtin and advised him to build a boat to save his family and a certain number of animals.
05:48For seven days and seven nights, a torrential rain fell, culminating in a veritable deluge.
05:58And all people and all animals perished in death.
06:04Except for those who had fled to the ark together with Utnapishtin.
06:18The Greeks also had a Noah.
06:21Deucalion, the son of Prometheus, is saved from the flood with which Zeus punished mankind.
06:28For the Greeks, time was an eternal cycle.
06:32However, apocalyptic catastrophes could occur within the cycles.
06:38Plato tells us about an island somewhere in the vast ocean.
06:42Atlantis.
06:44Their inhabitants were culturally highly developed, but were gripped by a strange fever of wanting to endlessly increase their possessions and conquests.
06:53The gods decided to punish them.
06:55The earth shook terribly. Hurricanes howled.
07:06It only lasted one terrible day and one terrible night.
07:10Then the island sank into the depths of the ocean and disappeared.
07:13In the year 62 AD, the earth shook in the area around Naples.
07:27A harbinger of the Vesuvius eruption that would bury Pompeii under ash.
07:34Roman society was deeply impressed by this.
07:38She saw in this earthquake the expression of the gods' wrath.
07:41Seneca was prompted by the event to consider the end of the world in detail and to state,
07:50Nothing in nature is designed to remain rigid.
07:53Everything must give way and collapse at some point.
08:05Many people belong to a religious community.
08:08For some of them, the end of the world, today as in ancient times, signifies God's punishment in the face of human depravity.
08:17Others see the apocalypse as the final episode of salvation history that divine providence has in store for us.
08:24But is an apocalypse conceivable even outside of a religious context?
08:33I would say that the moment when everything started to tip over was August 6, 1945.
08:42The moment when people resorted to nuclear weapons to fight each other.
08:46Hiroshima and three days later Nagasaki.
08:55When the atomic bomb appears on the stage of world history, humanity is for the first time technically capable of destroying itself.
09:03Let's imagine that a general nuclear disarmament was decided upon.
09:21Even that wouldn't get us out of this mess.
09:24Because while we can abolish nuclear weapons themselves, we cannot abolish our knowledge about them.
09:29Furthermore, we can produce more in four, five, at most six weeks.
09:38We can't go back, we can't be the way we used to be.
09:41Innocent.
09:43We are physically capable of destroying ourselves.
09:46And that is now more deeply rooted in the adventure of humanity.
09:48Suddenly it becomes clear that a global catastrophe is actually possible.
10:01The danger is taking shape.
10:03But when and how will things happen?
10:07And is there anything else that can be done to avoid it?
10:10Now that there is a book that describes the ending, let's open it and read it.
10:15Revelation of Jesus Christ to his disciple John, to show him what must soon happen.
10:32With these words the Book of Revelation begins.
10:35After a kind of liturgy, a dialogue with an angel sent by Christ, John has a vision.
10:47The sky opens up.
10:49The Almighty sits on a throne, surrounded by 24 elders who praise him.
10:56In his right hand he holds a book sealed with seven seals.
11:01He hands it over to Jesus, the Lamb of God.
11:03Every time he breaks a seal, great misfortune comes upon the godless.
11:09The righteous, however, remain unharmed.
11:13Johannes has another vision.
11:15A woman clothed in the sun, with the moon beneath her feet and a crown of twelve stars on her head.
11:22Before her sits a monster, a great dragon with seven heads, ready to seize the child she will bear.
11:29A great battle is taking place.
11:32Saint Michael and his angels fight against the army of the monster.
11:38An angel descends from heaven and binds the dragon for a thousand years.
11:44During these thousand years, the righteous reign, resurrected together with Christ, who returned to earth.
11:51When the thousand years have passed, the final battle is fought.
11:58The monster has finally been defeated.
12:01The Last Judgment is taking place.
12:04The angel whisks John away in spirit to a mountain, and he sees the holy city of Jerusalem descending from heaven.
12:11The righteous will see God there and reign with him from eternity to eternity.
12:20The Book of Revelation was often doubted, yet it eventually prevailed.
12:39It pushed the approximately 30 other apocalypses recorded before and after the Christian era into the background.
12:46The images described in it, clearly visible to the faithful on the portals and walls of the churches,
12:55have become permanently ingrained in the collective imagination.
12:59The interpretations of these dark prophecies became historically significant primarily through one religious group,
13:04which is known as chiliasm or millenarianism.
13:08Millenarianism is based on the Book of Revelation and describes a period of peace between our current history and the Last Judgment.
13:18It states that before the end of the world, we will be given a foretaste of heaven here on Earth for a thousand years.
13:31Christ will return to Earth to reign for a thousand years together with the resurrected righteous.
13:42This will be a time of peace, while Satan is imprisoned in hell.
13:46It's like the dream of a golden age, a lost paradise.
13:54Because one imagines that during this interim period there was extraordinary prosperity.
13:59These thousand years have naturally caused enormous headaches for Christians.
14:16And I saw an angel coming down from heaven.
14:34He held the key to the abyss and a large chain in his hand.
14:38And he seized the dragon, the ancient serpent.
14:41It was the devil and Satan, and he bound him for a thousand years.
14:46And he threw him into the abyss and locked it.
14:58And he placed a seal on it, so that it would no longer deceive the nations until the thousand years were completed.
15:16One historical fact is relatively unknown.
15:26The first generations of Christians were mostly millenarians.
15:31In the first centuries of its existence, when the church was still a minority community and was persecuted,
15:43She maintained the same expectations and scenarios that the Jewish communities had developed.
15:50Especially after the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Temple.
15:53Important figures in the first centuries of Christianity were Millenarians.
16:03I am thinking especially of Saint Irenaeus, who was Bishop of Lyon at the time of his death, and of Tertullian.
16:08One of the first incorrect apocalypse dates falls in the middle of the second century.
16:20A certain Montanus proclaims the Second Coming of Christ.
16:24Several communities listened to his words, left their cities, and went to the place where the event was to take place.
16:31A high plateau, somewhere in the middle of present-day Türkiye.
16:35Jesus' second coming did not take place.
16:39But that did not shake her faith.
16:42They simply concluded that the timing had been miscalculated.
16:45In 313, Christianity was recognized by the Roman Empire and finally adopted as the sole state religion towards the end of the fourth century.
17:08From this point on, everything was about to change fundamentally.
17:14Especially since, after three and a half centuries of waiting for imminent events that were repeatedly postponed, one had to start asking some questions.
17:23The more established Christianity becomes, the more it develops into a majority religion, the more the mentality of being persecuted fades, this need for a kind of political, social, global retribution.
17:40Saint Augustine was initially also a millenarian, but later turned against a vision of the future that seemed too sensual, too materialistic, too concrete to him.
17:53He suggested interpreting Chapter 20 symbolically.
17:56It is said that the greatest mind of the 5th century AD, Saint Augustine, was also the great opponent of the earlier millenarians, who expected the return of Christ, also in political terms.
18:14In reality, he said, he had already begun the kingdom of Christ at his birth.
18:20Furthermore, the thousand years should be understood symbolically and not literally; the period of a thousand years is already underway.
18:32Despite Saint Augustine, the Middle Ages had recurring outbreaks of millenarianism and apocalyptic premonitions for centuries.
18:44More specifically, the interpretation of Saint Augustine states that the end of the present time will not lead to a phase of joy and happiness on earth.
18:55but into the downfall of this world and the Last Judgment.
19:14And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne.
19:20And books were discovered.
19:28And another book was opened, which is the book of life.
19:33And the dead were judged according to what was written in the books, according to their deeds.
19:38And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, and Death and his kingdom gave up the dead who were in them, and they were judged, each one according to his works.
19:53Augustine's interpretation was later recognized as the official version of the Church.
20:04However, it would take centuries before this prevailed against the millenarian view, which is deeply rooted in the worldview.
20:11With horror, but also with hope, the little man, like the enlightened mind, will see in every catastrophe the signs of the end.
20:24How do we recognize that the end is near, the prelude to the Second Coming of Christ?
20:31The Book of Revelation describes several signs of this.
20:39The sun will darken, the stars will fall.
20:45The air changes and the sea overflows its banks.
20:49Storm,
20:53Wars,
20:55Famines,
20:56Epidemics.
21:01The plague raged in Rome in the year 590.
21:19Even the Pope is convinced that the apocalypse has begun.
21:25But when he sees an angel above the city, sheathing his sword,
21:29He knows that the hour has not yet come.
21:34When Gregory the Great, after all a pope, an intelligent man,
21:41around the year 600, missionaries were sent to England,
21:45He gives this one letter to the English king.
21:48You, he writes, are closer to the north than we are, in Italy.
21:53That's why you see the signs of the end of the world earlier than we do.
22:02Please be so kind as to warn us if you see these signs.
22:15The texts about the apocalypses were written in times of crisis.
22:19to encourage people in their faith.
22:25Towards the end of the 8th century, Islamic walls had taken over almost the entire Iberian Peninsula.
22:32The Christians fled north to Asturias to escape their rule.
22:37During this difficult time, a monk named Beatus wrote commentaries on the Book of Revelation,
22:42which were copied and reproduced again and again for 500 years and adorned with magnificent miniatures.
22:55On Easter Sunday in the year 800, the millenarian Beatus and his followers climbed a mountain,
23:02where they await the Second Coming of Christ.
23:05We know this from a letter by his great rival Elipando, the Bishop of Toledo,
23:10who later makes fun of Beatus.
23:19Indications of spectacular changes around the turn of the millennium, which many had expected,
23:25Historians disagree.
23:27Rather, a vague fear pervaded the late first millennium.
23:31the everyday lives of the people, always on the verge of erupting at the slightest disturbing event.
23:37Today, we find it difficult to understand these fears.
23:43Because with our current knowledge, we can easily classify the nature of the phenomena that triggered these fears.
23:51However, in light of new dangers, the extent of which we cannot accurately assess,
23:55We are able to understand them better.
24:00Spendant 10 jours, the reactor of the central office has the fears in the atmosphere,
24:05Saying goodbye to the fears of the 200 bombs dropped on Hiroshima.
24:12Twenty years later, it is still difficult to measure the results.
24:15which he has, and for too long, to say goodbye to the environment.
24:18Even if disasters like Chernobyl were to cease to occur,
24:40Our lifestyle and our industry undoubtedly influence the environment.
24:45However, experts disagree on the extent of the implications.
24:53We now know from a reliable source that global warming exists.
25:00that humans are responsible for them, that their effects will be far worse than we can imagine.
25:06And that there's not much we can do about it, except radically change our way of life.
25:10As always in such cases, every event is interpreted as proof that
25:21that there is a man-made imbalance in nature.
25:26And that this imbalance will turn against humanity.
25:29Global warming will not kill all of humanity, because that is the basic premise of the apocalypse.
25:38All of humanity will perish.
25:41But the idea that humanity will ultimately wipe itself out is a delusion.
25:44The problem of the energy crisis is inextricably linked to global warming.
25:55These two crises, the environmental crisis and the energy crisis, form a system.
25:59Our fossil resources are already almost completely exhausted.
26:02It would be crazy to take these phenomena as a sign that humanity is facing an unfortunate fate.
26:20They merely express the fact that humanity is currently going through an era in which worry is greater than hope.
26:27This is how global warming will affect us.
26:33There will be migrations of peoples and wars over access to resources, which are steadily dwindling, especially energy resources.
26:41Humanity is destroying itself by destroying its environment, which will trigger wars and conflicts.
26:47The idea that war is part of the end of the world is perfectly natural.
26:58But after the year 1000, the war takes on a special form.
27:02Various influences converge and lead to the conquest of Jerusalem.
27:07which becomes a prerequisite for the long-awaited 1000 years of happiness and contentment.
27:11Crusade and Apocalypse unite precisely when millenarianism is revived.
27:20Millenarianism experienced a revival with Joachim of Fiore.
27:28Joachim of Fiore, who died in 1202, was a pious monk from Calabria.
27:33He believed that in the near future, specifically the year 1260, the history of the world would enter its third age.
27:43There had been the Old Testament era of the father.
27:53A just God, a patriarch, justice, power.
27:58This was followed by the Age of the Son, the age of the existing Church.
28:04In this era, the Church is led by the clergy, who embody continuity and tradition, and by Christ.
28:10What is new in Joachim of Fiore's work is that a third age is to come, that of the Holy Spirit, during which a new church will also emerge.
28:23It is a period of joy and happiness and lasts for a certain amount of time before the actual end times arrive.
28:30Joachim of Fiore had announced the year 1260 as the beginning of this era.
28:44But nothing of the sort happened.
28:46Nevertheless, a passing comet was sighted, which raised great hopes.
28:51Collision with a comet as the cause of Earth's destruction has been one of the constants in the history of doomsday scenarios.
29:01And even much later, after Newton had discovered gravity, scholars were still discussing the consequences of such an event.
29:08The axis of rotation and the rotational movement are changed.
29:13The seas left their original place and plunged towards the new equator.
29:18A large proportion of people and animals will drown in this global flood.
29:24All man-made structures collapse.
29:26These are the kinds of catastrophes that can be caused by the impact of a comet if its mass is comparable to that of the Earth.
29:36Joachim of Fiore was considered a saint during his lifetime.
29:40The Pope and his contemporaries held him in high esteem.
29:43But later it became clear that there was something quite explosive in his interpretation of history.
29:52His ideas were quickly taken up.
29:54Not only theologians and mystics continued to pursue his vision of the Church of the Third Age.
30:01Politicians and ordinary people alike soon developed very precise ideas about this community, about this love among people.
30:12He said that in this last era there would only be monks, so no church hierarchy anymore.
30:18And he quoted a saying from the Gospel.
30:21The last shall be first.
30:23The last ones are the people.
30:25This held revolutionary potential.
30:29Less taxes, less levy, less injustice.
30:33More power to the poor.
30:34The society was built by the poor for the poor.
30:38The influence of Joachim of Fiore is lasting.
30:51His message contains a spark of inspiration.
30:54And this spark has continued through the peasant uprisings from the end of the Middle Ages to the present day.
30:59The vision that fuels this spark is the desire to establish the Kingdom of God here on Earth.
31:09The Christians who are no longer in the world have a desire to establish the Kingdom of God here on earth.
31:39And Joachim of Fiore had great influence in religious circles, especially on the Franciscans.
31:45whose branch of the order, the Spirituals, fell victim to the Inquisition.
31:50A major apocalyptic catastrophe occurs in the middle of the 14th century.
32:16The plague, the Black Death.
32:20It destroys between a quarter and half of Europe's population.
32:25More than ever, the words from the Book of John now resembled a prophecy.
32:29And I looked, and behold a pale horse, and the one who sat on it, his name was Death.
32:45And he was given power over a fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, famine, pestilence, and by the wild beasts of the earth.
32:53With the discovery of America came the hope of building a new world on Earth,
33:14as promised in the Book of Revelation, to the other side of the ocean.
33:18The Franciscans who came to Mexico, the Jesuits in Brazil, the Protestants who settled in North America,
33:29They all believed that America was the place where Christianity would be renewed.
33:34and the age of peace and joy will begin before the Last Judgment.
33:38Chapter 7 of the Book of Revelation states that the lost tribes of the people of Israel will be found before the end of the world.
33:48Perhaps the native peoples are these lost tribes.
33:52This was indeed hotly debated in the 16th century.
33:55Well, they too knew about a great flood and they knew of a Messiah,
34:04Ketzalcoatl, the feathered serpent.
34:08The inhabitants of the Mexican highlands, the Aztecs, were waiting for this god.
34:13This proved that these peoples were descendants of the lost tribes of Israel.
34:17The long-awaited end had finally arrived, and the new Jerusalem would soon be there.
34:25Was so desired, that desired new Jerusalem that was to come.
34:30Music
35:00And he led me in the Spirit to a great and high mountain
35:14and showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God.
35:20She possessed the glory of God.
35:23Its light was like that of the most precious stone, jasper, clear as crystal.
35:30It had a large and high wall
35:37and had twelve gates and on the gates twelve angels
35:48and names written on it, namely the names of the twelve tribes of the Israelites.
35:54Three goals from the east, three goals from the north, three goals from the south, three goals from the west.
36:00And the nations will walk in its light.
36:04and the kings of the earth will bring their glory into it.
36:08Music
36:09In the 17th century, everything revolved around calculating the age of the Earth.
36:26It has long been agreed that the seven days of biblical creation
36:31symbolize the entire existence of the world.
36:34However, each day actually represents a period of a thousand years.
36:40So all you need to do is go back in time,
36:43by adding up the eras that are documented by history and the Bible
36:46and knows in which year the world was created.
36:50Starting from this point in time, one can then easily derive the date of the end of the world.
36:57In 1650, Archbishop James Usher published his highly famous chronology,
37:02which establishes the time of creation with such accuracy,
37:05which has gone down in history.
37:07October 23, 4004 BC at 9 a.m.
37:12It wasn't until the 19th century, when the dinosaurs were discovered,
37:26Darwin developed his theories of evolution and the first prehistoric cultures emerged,
37:32It is gradually becoming believed that the Earth is far older than previously thought.
37:36As scientific knowledge becomes more profound,
37:40New perspectives on the end of the world are also emerging.
37:44The great universal encyclopedia of the 19th century, edited by Pierre Larousse,
37:50proposes the following hypothesis.
37:53It is almost certain that the solid surface on which we build our cities and houses,
37:58that it is no more than ten miles thick, and that below this low thickness all metals are liquid.
38:05We live on a fragile raft that could sink from one moment to the next.
38:11A subsidence of the continental floor could easily be enough,
38:15to let all the water of the seas flow onto the inhabited earth,
38:19On the other hand, it would also raise the ground that currently forms the bottom of the ocean.
38:26Such a flood could put Paris underwater.
38:29and the steamships would cross three or four hundred feet above Notre-Dame, over the seas.
38:34Especially in Europe, a secularization of millenarianism can be observed in the 19th century.
38:45This also had an enormous influence on German idealism.
38:51Schelling and Hegel are particularly noteworthy here.
38:54Schelling explicitly refers to Joachim of Fiore,
38:57as Lessing also did in his work "The Education of the Human Race".
39:02I would like to quote something that is too beautiful not to quote.
39:09The great German Romantic poet Schlegel said at the beginning of the 19th century,
39:14"The revolutionary desire to realize the Kingdom of God is the beginning of modern history."
39:23Anything that has absolutely no relation to the Kingdom of God is merely a side issue in it.
39:32A kind of alliance was formed.
39:38In him, the future was no longer seen so much in a religious light,
39:41but in the light of peace and joy.
39:44These should arise from technological progress,
39:47from the progress of science, knowledge, and morality in general.
39:55However, such a secularization of doctrine does not mean that
39:59that our apocalyptic armor has disappeared.
40:02It remains a part of our culture, of our lives.
40:08Paris, Place Saint-Michel.
40:11People here don't think about it,
40:13that Saint Michael is currently fighting the dragon
40:17which is described in chapter 12 of Revelation.
40:21Similarly, passersby stroll in Rome, Naples, and many other cities.
40:26under the benevolent gaze of the woman with the crown of twelve stars on her head
40:30and the moon and the dragon at their feet, which we know from the Book of John.
40:36These examples are representative of many.
40:38In the USA, we still think and feel apocalyptic,
40:46especially in relation to the two opposing forces of evil and good
40:50and on our own role, as commanded by God.
40:53The Revolutionary War was started by the new citizens of the United States.
41:00experienced as a kind of beginning of millenarianism.
41:05The beginning of a thousand years of joy and contentment,
41:10an era in which the USA would bring freedom, justice and peace to the world.
41:15And that's still the case.
41:18Unfortunately, I have to say that some of our political positions are terrible.
41:23They actually have an apocalyptic background.
41:35The apocalyptic doctrine has influenced music, literature, and especially the seventh art.
41:42An entire film genre stands in the tradition of this movement.
42:01Moreover, it has shaped ideologies and political systems,
42:05who basically seem quite far away from her.
42:07There was undoubtedly a connection between millenarianism,
42:15Ideology of progress and socialism.
42:19Marx wanted to establish a scientific socialism,
42:22in contrast to religious or utopian socialism.
42:26Marxism did not want to be utopian.
42:31In reality, it too was a utopia.
42:32based on the ideology of millenarianism.
42:35Marx quotes the revelation on the subject of exchange,
42:41to the people who exchange goods and engage in a kind of commodity fetishism,
42:45are trapped by the fascination with goods and money.
42:49And that no one can buy or sell,
42:52unless he has the mark, namely the name of the beast.
42:55In a way, Marxism is a remake of millenarianism.
43:02For he heralded a historical epoch,
43:05not necessarily a thousand years, but a certain period of time,
43:08in which all of humanity's problems and conflicts would be eliminated,
43:13in which people would be reconciled with themselves again
43:16and there would no longer be a class struggle.
43:18This is a toast to Stalina,
43:23for the acquisition organizer of the general war.
43:25Did the 20th century, with its countless conflicts, extermination camps, and the Cold War, often give us the opportunity to believe that
43:48It may be the century of the end of the world, but there are also occasional reasons for hope for universal happiness.
43:55Hope for the beginning of an age of carefree living and progress, from which disease and poverty have disappeared.
44:07At the same time, however, a new factor came into play, and the fear of the end of the world remained in our minds.
44:27It is an era of panicky fear, expressed for the first time in the face of this fungus, this almost ancient image of man-made chaos.
44:47And then all the horror that followed, all the unfortunate people who still suffer the consequences of those bombs today.
44:54Added to this was the fear that leading science might secretly make a pact with the military.
45:09which would one day manifest itself in a massive catastrophe that this time would not be geographically limited,
45:17but would set the entire planet ablaze.
45:26And since a lot was happening on a political level, the Cold War, the balance of terror,
45:35This panicky fear has remained in the back of our minds.
45:39The end of the 20th century was also the end of the millennium.
45:55As it drew closer, apocalyptic fears resurfaced.
46:01Calculations and predictions increased. The writings of Nostradamus were suddenly relevant again.
46:07The metaphors of the Book of Revelation have been reinterpreted.
46:11Often quite questionable and idiosyncratic, which, together with modern science fiction myths, sometimes led to tragic, grotesque results.
46:21A collective suicide took place in San Diego, USA, at the end of March 1997.
46:2939 members of the Heaven's Gate sect died together.
46:33We, who originate from superhuman spheres in the far reaches of space,
46:41have now left the body that was our earthly shell in order to return to our world.
46:48We were here to show this civilization the way to the Kingdom of God,
46:53before it ends with the millennium.
46:55After the turn of the century, we could justifiably hope for a calming of our apocalyptic fears.
47:14However, we were soon disappointed.
47:16One so-called natural disaster followed another.
47:29And we couldn't shake the thought: what if we're already on the way downhill?
47:34On the way to a point of no return.
47:37Increasingly significant threats were emerging.
47:44Threats from terrorism, overpopulation, and new technologies.
47:48Just as it had several hundred years before, scientific progress was now sketching new pictures of the end.
48:00In the field of genetic engineering, the new technologies could be used to produce a kind of superhuman.
48:06who might one day rid himself of us.
48:09These technologies could also lead to an artificial world,
48:12populated by machines whose systems are more powerful than the human brain.
48:17These machines would then also be capable of constructing themselves.
48:20and to build a world that no longer needs us.
48:23A post-human world.
48:26We expect a great deal from these technologies,
48:29also with regard to our energy and environmental problems.
48:33They are also intended to serve the warfare of tomorrow.
48:35Compared to the atomic bomb, weapons using nanotechnology will be...
48:39what the atomic bomb was compared to the slingshot.
48:41These days, progress doesn't have a good reputation anymore.
48:53Some voices are even calling for a step backward, a regression.
48:57It couldn't get any worse.
49:00Because then we might suddenly find ourselves facing a hindrance to research,
49:05where it could help us overcome our problems.
49:07And, as in an endless story, voices were raised immediately after the election of the new Pope.
49:26Joachim of Fiore is said to have prophesied,
49:29The name of this new pope will be Benedict.
49:31and that he would be the last Pontifex Maximus.
49:34Ultimately, maybe you just need to look in the right way.
49:40to find the signs at all times and in all places,
49:44who announce the end in the Book of Revelation.
49:46The angels of doom, the four horsemen, the Antichrist.
49:50Apocalypse, as is well known, means revelation.
49:58But what revelation is this?
50:03I believe the revelation was,
50:05It has always been the fate of humanity to destroy itself.
50:10That doesn't mean it necessarily has to happen.
50:13Because ultimately, humans are endowed with something special,
50:16Freedom, which also includes the freedom not to accept one's fate.
50:25Humanity will continue on its path,
50:29Despite all the prophecies about the post-human.
50:33Somehow, humanity will find its way between good and evil.
50:37Ultimately, it is the task of modern man to
50:40to allow good to triumph over the ever-present threat of evil.
50:55For millennia, we have been haunted by the fear of the end of the world.
51:03Perhaps she will play a positive role.
51:05By showing us the danger, whether real or hypothetical,
51:09paints in the blackest colors,
51:11Fear helps us to recognize our limits and to act.
51:16And to look forward to tomorrow with confidence.
51:19ZDF's trust
51:49Subtitles by ZDF, 2020
52:19Subtitles by ZDF, 2020
52:49Subtitles by ZDF, 2020
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