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Dokumentar Anglez
GB documentary during the socialist era
Transcript
00:00Whelkom këshroë!
00:01It's only a few miles from the holiday island of Corfu
00:05but it's Europe's most isolated country,
00:08it's Albania, where there are no private cars,
00:10officially no God,
00:12and where the party tells you where to live and what to do.
00:15It's a Stalinist museum piece, so orthodox
00:19that it's rejected both China and the Soviet Union.
00:22Almost nobody gets permission to film there,
00:25but after three years of negotiation,
00:28Barselona televizion shkusen konsent së bërënë TIME unikë në Programa daja të nj!,
00:34eënaja, në koe përdeni.
00:39Snetë provinçal , kësiti krayna afroërni nd Michigana
00:53Nes PBS 001918았습니다 .
00:57An international football match
01:00is one of the few contacts for most Albanians
01:03with the world outside.
01:16Even football is overshadowed
01:19by the man who founded the Albanian Communist Party
01:21in 1941, Enver Hodja.
01:27These pictures were broadcast on Albanian television
01:32on Hodja's 75th birthday.
01:36After World War II, he became absolute ruler
01:38of this dictatorship of the proletariat.
01:50Three years ago, he died.
01:53Again, Albanian coverage of his lying-in-state and funeral.
01:57Hodja died without a friend on the world stage.
02:09He had cut ties with the Soviet Union in 1961
02:11and with his final ally, China, in 1978,
02:15denouncing both for their revisionism.
02:19Foreign delegations were not allowed to the funeral.
02:22A telegram of sympathy from Moscow
02:25was returned unanswered.
02:42In front of the coffin,
02:43his successor, Ramiz Alia,
02:46made a promise.
02:47Albania would not change.
02:49Three years later,
03:03little has changed.
03:04The central square in the capital, Tirana.
03:07There are still no traffic jams
03:08because there are no private cars.
03:11This mosque in the center of Tirana
03:13has its doors locked.
03:14In 1967, Albania was declared
03:17the first atheist state in the world.
03:23This cafe was once the church of St. Prokopi.
03:27Throughout Albania,
03:28mosques and churches were demolished
03:30or converted into warehouses,
03:32markets, or sports centers.
03:33And non është not there.
03:34He was also a position for political力.
03:36Doing the tune.
03:38But you do and then
03:38...
03:39Part of the hunting
03:40to those are
03:41in the bushes
03:42and brought the пер Mr. Foально
03:42and then
03:43the fire
03:45which drove
03:46to help
03:47as well
03:47as well
03:48and
03:49in order
03:50Asable
03:51goes
03:51as well
03:51as well
03:52as well
03:53Asley
03:54Asley
03:54How
03:54before
03:55he started
03:55going
03:56as well
03:57as well
03:58he said
03:58the
03:59Wa
04:00he's
04:01Rene no këtëristë të më calitëshinë për嘛ë nënjë të splekëstërë për më frini.
04:06Nëna që të kure Tëmben 2015.
04:09Nesë pogebës ne strificërë 10.
04:11Nure belë mund të vin.
04:13Nesë win�.
04:14Të vinë ndanganë kontësimjë.
04:20Lelëツ defined Qosce 6.
04:25Zome var rë니 cintuתי Ragadhe Pëtëshinë porblëリ e ndo sws.
04:29Në në nëles, poqasë që përti një në modë giardime
04:34dyn немater 9 bu Vergöme,
04:36Ke r Crepëm lëntë Përti'stë të étkë,
04:39në краjëtojme në aspektenES te pluqësh me barënën në në nga delegmë
04:48që nëtsësi të njojë të gedhitë atë të historitë të lafdisho.
04:54Rukënë e lafdishojme të që me themë iliminë perëshyrimine vëndit
04:59këndër timi nësosialismiq.
05:03The children with the best marks and the best connections
05:06go on to university in Tirana.
05:08The party decides how many students to admit,
05:11what they will study and where they will work.
05:15The function of literature in Albania is clear.
05:19Children's books constantly refer to class struggle
05:22and the construction of socialism.
05:24Expression of liberal and decadent bourgeois ideas is banned.
05:28Dissent is crushed.
05:30Political prisoners serve long sentences in forced labour camps.
05:34Pride of place goes to the more than 40 works of comrade Enver Hoxha.
05:41His orthodoxy, which led to the break with the Soviet bloc and with China,
05:45has meant great sacrifices.
05:47Most major industrial projects were left unfinished
05:50as foreign advisers, technicians and aid all vanished.
05:54The constitution forbids loans from abroad,
05:57so Albania proudly claims no foreign debt, no creditors.
06:04This factory is the Enver Hoxha combine in Tirana,
06:07making spare parts for lorries and tractors.
06:10Some of the machines now come from West Germany and Sweden.
06:23Some still bear Chinese letters.
06:25Workers representative, Beznik Cendro.
06:28Ma s'prishtës me revizionizing Sovietica,
06:31ne ka luar minister vëshistish,
06:33pas i etalian uzina reparte,
06:35fabrikat të tëra në mes,
06:37pa ju dhen zgjiren edur,
06:39pas yel paisjet dhe makinirit e premtuara dhe kontraktuara,
06:43dhe të kontraktuara.
06:45Porë, ne nuk i gjënjëzuan
06:47me forëta tonë
06:49dhe komobilizuar i gjithë populli
06:50arritëm që shumë projektu e pëjësive.
06:53Ti projektojmë dhe ti pradhojmë
06:55me forëta tonë dhe shumë nga të uzina
06:57të cilë ata i lanë
06:59në mes rrugës, ne ti vëmë në shpëtëzimi.
07:06Officially,
07:07there is no unemployment,
07:09but Albanians enjoy the lowest
07:10per capita income in Europe,
07:12about 50 pounds a month.
07:15Theoretically, no-one has been allowed
07:16to earn more than twice as much as anyone else,
07:19though there have always been perks,
07:20and now incentive schemes are coming in, too.
07:24Jani Rojci
07:25has been a party member since 1983.
07:28He joined the youth wing
07:29when he was 17.
07:31At 3 o'clock on Saturday,
07:32his 48-hour working week is over
07:35and he takes the bus home.
07:42He says,
07:44being a party member
07:45doesn't give him advantages,
07:47just more responsibilities.
07:54As with all Albanian workers,
07:57it is the party
07:57which effectively allocates him
07:59his job,
08:00his apartment,
08:00and his town.
08:11Jani lives in an apartment
08:12on Gogonoushi Street,
08:14named after a former member
08:15of the Politburo.
08:21Our Albanian interpreter
08:22thought that the fruit bowl
08:23looked unusually well-stocked.
08:25Kërnë barova
08:28Polideniku Ministrata
08:28në dorin në muajnë
08:29qeshor,
08:30vidin e 4,
08:31qëmë dhanë provimjet
08:32e naturës,
08:33Komiteti Eksebutiv
08:34në dorin listat
08:36që unë danë
08:38në përndërmarje,
08:38unë dhe një pjesë të shogë
08:39vajtë në kombinati
08:40në ato traktoratëve,
08:42një pjesë të shogë
08:42vajtë në përndërmarje
08:43të tjera
08:44të tiranës.
08:46Ata që ishin
08:46konviktor nga rrethet
08:47shkua në rrethet e tyre
08:48për të punuar në përndërmarje
08:50që kanë rrethet e tyre,
08:51uzinat mekanike,
08:52oficinat mekanike,
08:54ata që ishin nga
08:55koprativat bujësore
08:56punuar në tanësë më të dhe.
08:58Enver Hoxha
08:59watches over
09:00the four-roomed flat
09:01where Jani lives
09:02with his telegraphist wife,
09:04their two children
09:04and his parents.
09:10Sunday,
09:11the family go to the circus.
09:18Albania
09:32has the youngest population
09:34in Europe
09:34and the highest birth rate.
09:37The population
09:37is estimated
09:38to reach 3 and a third million
09:39by 1990.
09:41The state
09:42wants to increase
09:43the population
09:43and benefits couples
09:45with children.
09:48The party
09:57encourages strict standards
09:59of morality.
10:01Stalinism
10:01coinciding
10:02with the countries
10:03largely Muslim past.
10:06Contraception
10:07and abortion
10:08are illegal.
10:10Sex is disapproved of
10:11before the wedding day,
10:13especially for women.
10:16That day
10:17has arrived
10:17for Teuta.
10:21Her father
10:23opens the ceremonies.
10:24to me as
10:31me
10:31as
10:32me
10:33as
10:33partët
10:34që me këtë rast
10:37ta ngrem
10:38do dita par
10:39për partim
10:41dhe për veprën
10:43e pa
10:43të kshme
10:44të dhesit
10:46tom të mat
10:46shumbo
10:48të ndërhoxha
10:48për shëndetin
10:50të way
10:51dhe të gjiz
10:52të afrëm e të way
10:53dhe nëgëzime
10:55jua shpeblehshëpen.
10:57Shumbo
10:58shumbo
10:59shumbo
10:59Anë përten uskisë j alcun njede
11:18Manë pa të vantë impoti,
11:20nesëooooo en të uanë ženë,
11:25nes o'sko në gamëtë kënd掉 zanejë.
11:29Neske për përkëtërën eururështi.
11:33Astricën eurën eurën eurën eurën.
11:37Teutë eurën eurën.
11:39Neske për tërështi.
11:54Neske përkëtërën tërë njështi.
11:57Nkoga krimi be në nëhoj temshri në rëneur,
12:00një se ven ndi në në në nje bristë bë seemsa të një sori në një në një në në në më nje du,
12:10Një telefon një në një kupu.
12:13Ndë një pojitën xoë përnte se pasi një pojitë ka kouët u borri be sotë.
12:17The key moment of the night, the couple dance alone.
12:29The moment when the handkerchief burns out, marks the end of bachelorhood.
12:33Albanian farming was the most backward in Europe before the Communists took power, and it's still largely unmechanized.
12:50Hodges' first reforms broke up the big private estates and gave five hectares to each family that worked on the land.
13:04In the next 20 years, these plots formed into cooperatives, which are now supposed to pass to the state.
13:11This cooperative, in the Mediterranean South, comprises three villages.
13:20This cooperative is called 16th of October, after Hodges' birthday.
13:46It's the time of the orange harvest, so there is work for Salamet.
13:50His cooperative owns its own land, but most of the workers say they would like it to pass to the state.
13:56They would then get a fixed monthly wage.
13:59The houses here are private property, built and paid for by the peasants themselves.
14:19In Tirana, the state provides.
14:25A month's rent for a flat, just a day's wage.
14:30Many buildings are having an extra floor built on to cope with the growing population, now 200,000.
14:36Albania boasts that its constitution bans any form of tax, but with such low wages, living standards are very basic.
14:51The constitution also outlaws foreign loans, so foreign trade is based on barter, with virtually no consumer goods imported.
15:05The government admits food shortages, and some queues start at 3 in the morning.
15:16But on the day that the crew visited this shop, there was plenty of food available.
15:20All prices are set by the state.
15:22Albania publishes no economic statistics, but part of the budget, as everywhere, goes on defense.
15:31This sequence was filmed without permission.
15:39These are defensive bunkers.
15:41They are everywhere, some equipped with machine guns.
15:44Albania was invaded repeatedly after it gained independence from Turkey in 1912.
15:59So the new communist government established a defense strategy mobilizing the entire population, popular defense.
16:06Even today, Albanians have to do nine days of army exercises a year in case of attack, and military training begins in the schools.
16:16Throughout Tirana, there are defensive shelters.
16:21The fear of invasion has been a source of national unity.
16:26Since withdrawing from the Warsaw Pact in 1968, Albania has had no military allies.
16:32On the roof of a tractor factory, more machine guns.
16:36Every Albanian does two years of compulsory military service.
16:53Young people also have to do voluntary labor.
16:56The film crew's guides were reluctant for these volunteers to be filmed,
17:00and particularly anxious that they should not be shown eating.
17:06Albania needs new railways for the export of its copper and chrome.
17:18The hundred young people on this project are working for a month without wages.
17:22Me kurudhën, Milot Reshen Klos, ku gjithri një jarë, e ganditon, është ngritur,
17:28në kemë që këte kurudhën të mbarojë sa më parë.
17:31Që dhe ne, si përksoni në starim, dhe si të organizuar në parti,
17:37dhe ndosën që të vim në muajnë më të vështirë.
17:41Maftën, mështim, pasioni maftë, ndërtimin e viprave,
17:46që ndërton shpëria nga përënjë përënjë përënjë përënjë të viprave.
17:51A në, të në ashtënë dhe, që të pënemi më fëndë përënjë përënjë të vëndërëtimin e të vëndërënjë të vëndërënjë.
18:00nga kampuk
18:08serie
18:09nga cha
18:11e 15
18:14te
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