00:00Basics of Hardware Hardware refers to the physical component
00:06of a computer.
00:07Monitor, Keyboard, CPU are the three major parts of a computer.
00:15Here CPU is the main component of a computer.
00:19CPU is divided into three major parts as we seen in the last lesson.
00:24That is control unit, arithmetic logic unit and memory unit.
00:32So what is the function of control unit?
00:35This unit controls the operations of all parts of a computer.
00:40It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them and directs the operations
00:46of the computer.
00:48Control unit converts the user's input that is received from either keyboard or mouse
00:53or any other input device and converts them into signals and then send back to them to
01:00the ALU unit i.e. arithmetic logic unit.
01:04Control unit uses CLAC inputs to maintain the sequence of the data.
01:09This speed is the frequency of the data processing and is measured in mega head.
01:14So let us know some basic information about arithmetic logic unit.
01:19This is the part of the CPU system that carries out arithmetic and logic operations.
01:25An ALU performs basic arithmetic.
01:28Examples of arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
01:35It also performs logical operations like comparisons of values such as NAT and ORR.
01:45All information in a computer is stored in the binary form i.e. 0 and 1.
01:52Next we see about memory unit.
01:55The memory unit stores the data, instructions and sends the information to all other units
02:02of the computer whenever it needs.
02:05It is also known as primary memory or random access memory.
02:12All input and output are transmitted through main memory.
02:16So there are two kinds of memory as we seen that is one is primary memory and secondary memory.
02:20First of all we will see what is primary memory that is what is RAM.
02:24Primary memory selects any part of the memory when user want to save the data in memory but
02:29that may not be stored permanently on that location.
02:32Secondary memory is external and permanent memory that is useful to store the external storage
02:40media such as DVD drives, hard disks, memory cards, memory sticks like pen drive.
02:49Secondary memory mostly deals with the following types of components.
02:53Read Only Memory
02:55Read Only Memory is permanent memory location that offers huge types of standards to save
03:01data.
03:03But it worked with read only operation.
03:05No data loss happens whenever power failure occurs during the raw memory work in computers.
03:12Raw memory has several models such names are following.
03:14EEPROM that is programmable read only memory which can be read as many times as you want but
03:21cannot be modified the data.
03:25Next is EEPROM that is erasable programmable read only memory but it has to be passed through
03:30ultraviolet light to get erased the data.
03:33So it is not in use now.
03:35Next is EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory.
03:40It is similar to the EEPROM but it uses electrical beam for areas they date off.
03:46Next we will see some basic information on what are the softwares.
03:49Software refers to the instructions that makes the computer to work.
03:55The software should be stored in the secondary memory device and loaded to the primary memory
04:00as and when needed.
04:02Broadly we will classify softwares into two types system software and application software.
04:08The system software consists of low level programs that interact with the computer at very basic
04:14level.
04:15Examples of system software are operating system, compilers and utilities for managing computer
04:20resources like printer software, scanner software etc.
04:25Some of the major operating systems used worldwide are Windows operating system, Mac operating system
04:31by Apple and Linux OS which is free to use.
04:36The application software consists of programs that are required for a user.
04:41So system software holds down the application software here.
04:46Here the application software is also called end user programs.
04:51Examples are like Microsoft office suite, emails, games.
04:58Learn more worn on a computer features, hacksa, devices, devices, app app chics, apps.
05:05Click thezięcia app, click the
05:19next up master.
