The Makli Graveyard, also known as the Makli Necropolis, is one of the world’s largest ancient funerary sites. Located near the historic city of Thatta in Sindh, Pakistan, it covers around 10 square kilometers and contains between 500,000 to 1,000,000 tombs and monuments. These were built over a period of about 400 years, from the 14th century (around the 1300s) to the 18th century (around the 1700s).
The site reflects the history and legacy of four major dynasties that ruled Sindh: the Samma (1351–1524 CE), Arghun (1520–1555 CE), Tarkhan (1555–1591 CE), and the Mughals (1526–1857 CE, with direct control in Sindh during the 1590s–1700s). Within its vast grounds lie the tombs of rulers, saints, scholars, soldiers, and ordinary people.
Makli’s monuments are famous for their brick and stone structures, intricate carvings, and glazed tile decorations, showcasing a rich blend of Islamic, Persian, Mughal, and local Sindhi art styles. Among the most notable structures are the tomb of King Jam Nizamuddin II (reigned 1461–1509 CE), the mausoleum of Isa Khan Tarkhan I (died 1565 CE), and the mausoleum of Isa Khan Tarkhan II (died 1644 CE).
Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981, the Makli Necropolis is both a cultural treasure and a spiritual landmark. Today, it attracts historians, architects, archaeologists, and tourists who come to witness the silent city of the dead — a timeless reminder of Sindh’s spiritual and political history.
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