- 7 weeks ago
For educational purposes
All-action footage puts you on board the top types which are Westerm naval air power today, including carrier take offs and landings, anti-submarine warfare, ground attack, and interceptor runs.
With detailed views of cockpits, instruments and weaponry.
The major types featured are the US F-14 Tomcat and Britain's Sea Harrier fighters which protect the fleet, the dedicated attack-ircraft such as America's S-3 Viking, the A-4 Skyhawk, the A-5 Intruder and the A-7 Gorsair, as well as France's Super Etendard and Britain's Buccaneer.
Land-based maritime patrol and anti-submarine aircraft are seen in depth, including the P-2 Orion, the Atlantique 2 and the Nimrod MR Murk2. There is also a section on America's airborne early warning aircraft, the E-2C Hawkeye.
All-action footage puts you on board the top types which are Westerm naval air power today, including carrier take offs and landings, anti-submarine warfare, ground attack, and interceptor runs.
With detailed views of cockpits, instruments and weaponry.
The major types featured are the US F-14 Tomcat and Britain's Sea Harrier fighters which protect the fleet, the dedicated attack-ircraft such as America's S-3 Viking, the A-4 Skyhawk, the A-5 Intruder and the A-7 Gorsair, as well as France's Super Etendard and Britain's Buccaneer.
Land-based maritime patrol and anti-submarine aircraft are seen in depth, including the P-2 Orion, the Atlantique 2 and the Nimrod MR Murk2. There is also a section on America's airborne early warning aircraft, the E-2C Hawkeye.
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LearningTranscript
00:00The End
00:30Grumman's mighty Tomcat is probably the world's top interceptor and was conceived in the late 1960s as a replacement for the F-4 Phantom in the fleet defense role with long-range radar and associated Phoenix missiles.
01:00The massive fighter can be accelerated from 0 to 170 miles per hour in a mere two and a half seconds during a 200-foot catapult launch.
01:12It then climbs away with its variable geometry wings in the extended position for maximum range and endurance.
01:20With its wings swept, the Tomcat can reach Mach 2.34 and for its bulk, the fighter is remarkably agile.
01:30But the thing that makes the Tomcat unique is its primary armament of six Phoenix air-to-air missiles.
01:37These are very fast and can be launched against targets more than 100 miles distant, homing with the aid of their own active radar guidance to detonate with devastating effect.
01:48The missile's progress is monitored in the launch aircraft, whose radar is a key element in acquiring the targets and guiding the missiles on the first part of their flight.
02:00The Hughes AWG-9 is an immensely powerful and sophisticated radar with the ability to detect and track 24 possible targets, select the six most threatening and then individually guide missiles against these six.
02:18The whole system relies on advanced digital computing, giving the Tomcat 300% more scanning volume and 50% greater acquisition range than contemporary fighters.
02:31The mix of airframe, radar system, and Phoenix missiles gives the Tomcat unprecedented opportunity to hack down hostile aircraft before they can launch their own attacks against the aircraft carriers forming the U.S. Navy's main striking strength.
02:49Another great advantage of the weapon system is its ability to detect and attack targets at all heights between sea level and 100,000 feet, allowing the Tomcat to tackle anything from sea-skimming attacks to cruise missiles flying a high trajectory before the terminal dive onto the target.
03:08We have the capability to look down and shoot down and shoot down most effectively with a very good probability of kill.
03:16It goes past that because it gives you the capability to stay at high altitudes.
03:21There's only one aircraft in the world today that has that capability, and that's the F-14 with the Phoenix missile.
03:27Yet the Tomcat is not limited to the long-range Phoenix, which can be replaced or mixed with Sparrow medium-range missiles, complemented by four short-range Sidewinder missiles.
03:39And for truly close engagements, there is the Vulcan Cannon, capable of spewing out 20-millimeter shells at the rate of 6,000 per minute.
03:48The impressive and substantial Tomcat is operated by a two-man crew.
03:54In the front seat is the pilot, and in the rear seat is the RIO, or radar intercept officer.
04:01He has primary responsibility for the Tomcat's active and passive electronic systems.
04:07However, despite all the systems and automation, it is important not to forget that the full potential of the aircraft can only be exploited by the efficient working of this team.
04:20The advantage of not having to split yourself down the middle or whatever percentage you've got when you're in a tactical environment.
04:28With two guys working on the solution, you're going to come out with the right answer more often than you only want.
04:33That's all there is to it. It's that simple.
04:34It's a beautiful combination, and I know in my past experience, the first guy to see the other guy has a hell of an advantage.
04:44Because of the two men in the airplane, we can shoot those bombers at long range, still have the short-range weapons to get in,
04:51and visually engage the fighters, take care of them, and press on about our business.
04:55With its wings extended and carrying drop tanks, the Tomcat has a range in excess of 2,000 miles,
05:02which gives a useful combat patrol endurance at 250 miles from the parent carrier.
05:09Putting a massive 20-ton aircraft like the Tomcat down on the heaving, rolling deck of even the largest carrier
05:15is a job which quickens the pulse of even the most experienced aviator.
05:20You concentrate on the meatball or landing aid system, ready for any glide path corrections.
05:26You never watch the deck until the hook bites, and the 50-ton pull of the wire brings you to a complete halt in two seconds.
05:34At night, or in bad weather, it's even tougher.
05:40From about 10 miles out, your approach is directed by the carrier's air traffic control center.
05:46As you get nearer, you search for the tiny patterns of light to set up your final descent.
05:52Gusts of wind can make the aircraft climb or drop.
05:56You have to make instant corrections or go around again.
05:59In the blackness, you have no points of reference.
06:03It's like driving down an endless tunnel until you suddenly hit the deck.
06:11It's a hard landing, however.
06:13It's nothing that puts you out or anything.
06:16Big thing is to catch the wire and come in and have a slider on the ship.
06:21Slider's a cheeseburger, by the way.
06:22Space on any carrier is limited, so a genuine dual-role aircraft is always an asset.
06:32Such a machine is the McDonnell Douglas F-A-18A Hornet, which began to enter U.S. service in 1983 as a replacement for both the Phantom multi-role fighter and Corsair attack aircraft.
06:52The Hornet's basic design dates to the mid-1970s and the U.S.A.F.'s lightweight fighter competition won by the General Dynamics F-16.
07:07But the basic concept was then revised and enlarged to meet the Navy's air combat fighter requirements.
07:22The resulting Hornet is an immensely versatile machine, equally at home on a carrier deck or land runway.
07:52The two General Electric F-404 after-burning turbofans provide sparkling performance and range,
08:18though outright speed is sacrificed to agility, acceleration, and beautiful handling.
08:29The Hornet has excellent radar and a very advanced cockpit for single-pilot operation,
08:35and can be rapidly reconfigured for pure fighter and attack roles by computer software and mission equipment changes.
08:43As a fighter, the Hornet can carry six Sparrow or Sidewinder air-to-air missiles,
08:49as well as its internal Vulcan 20-millimeter cannon.
08:53As an attacker, the Hornet can lift two Sidewinders and 17,000 pounds of assorted ordnance on nine hardpoints,
09:02but is generally happier with a load of about 10,000 pounds,
09:06including all types of guided bomb plus air-to-surface and anti-ship missiles.
09:11Carrier operations are extremely demanding of all aircraft in terms of structural strength and aerodynamics,
09:19and in both fields, the Hornet is exceptional.
09:23The aerodynamics also make the Hornet a formidable dogfighter,
09:27in which role the pilot is aided by the hands-on throttle and stick control system
09:31and the highly capable Hughes radar, which can look up and down
09:36and track ten targets while displaying eight of them.
09:41The Hornet is now in widespread service with the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps,
09:47with several export sails also under its belt,
09:49and continued development is adding further to the capabilities of this already formidable warplane.
09:56The Vought F-8 Crusader is now only in limited service,
10:15but flew in 1955 as the world's first genuinely supersonic air superiority fighter.
10:21Powered by a Pratt and Whitney J-57 after-burning turbojet,
10:26the single-seat Crusader entered service in 1957
10:30and soon proved itself an excellent and versatile warplane.
10:36Seen here is the retractable in-flight refueling probe,
10:40which significantly extended the Crusader's capability.
10:43The initial armament was a mix of four 20-millimeter cannon
10:50and a pack of unguided rockets,
10:53but the Crusader's rapid development soon added Sidewinder air-to-air missiles.
10:58The aircraft also has a limited capability for air-to-surface missiles.
11:09The maximum external load is 5,000 pounds on two underwing hardpoints,
11:16and for the ground attack role, unguided weapons are the norm.
11:19These can include four 1,000-pound bombs or two 2,000-pound bombs
11:26aimed through the standard gun sight for extremely accurate delivery in a shallow dive.
11:31As an alternative, a maximum of 24 5-inch Zuni unguided rockets
11:53can be carried in six launcher pods.
11:56The rockets have devastating impact against a variety of ground targets.
12:00Once the rockets have been fired, the pods can be jettisoned,
12:23so restoring the Crusader to the more agile role of air-to-air fighting.
12:30These landings show the characteristic variable incidence wave,
12:43which could be raised to provide additional lift
12:46while still allowing the pilot a clear view of the carrier deck.
12:50Crusader has been phased out of U.S. Navy service
12:53and currently serves only on board France's two carriers.
12:58Its current partner is the Dassault Breguet Super Etendard,
13:02which flies in the attack role.
13:04The Super Etendard's most important weapon is the Exocet missile
13:20as used by the Argentines during the Falkton's conflict.
13:23The Lockheed S-3A Viking anti-submarine aircraft can undertake the tasks
13:43of considerably larger land-based platforms,
13:45yet is still small enough to be carried in useful numbers
13:49by each of the U.S. Navy's first-line aircraft carriers.
13:54Vikings operate in a screen around the carrier task force,
13:58carrying two flight crew and two tactical crew.
14:02In this sequence, a patrolling Viking is handing over to another aircraft,
14:07passing on tactical information,
14:09which enables its replacement to take up position automatically
14:13over a possible target.
14:16A sonoboy is released automatically,
14:18and its position and type put up on the tactical plot.
14:28The second Viking is now in charge of the hunt,
14:31and the sensor operator checks his display
14:34against the acoustic fingerprints of known submarine types
14:37to get a precise identification.
14:39The operators also have access to information provided
14:47by the Viking's search radar and magnetic anomaly detector.
14:51All acoustic and tactical data are routinely taped
15:08for subsequent analysis back on board the parent carrier.
15:14The data can also be fed back in real time
15:17to the carrier's combat information center
15:19so that developments can be assessed
15:21and additional aircraft deployed if necessary.
15:26Combat, we've confirmed 704's contact.
15:29Roger, SW, thank you.
15:31Flag, KO.
15:32As the threats during this exercise increase,
15:35the air traffic controller takes steps
15:38to harden the carrier's defensive screen.
15:43Admiral, flag, KO.
15:44The Viking is powered by a pair of economical
15:47General Electric TF-34 turbofans
15:51and possesses excellent loiter capability.
15:54This allows the aircraft's electronic support measures system
15:58to listen for hostile emitters such as radar,
16:01whose nature and location are then fed
16:03into the evolving tactical plot.
16:06Bad man, bad man.
16:07Given this constant updating of the tactical situation,
16:10there is little chance for a hostile to remain undetected.
16:14This time I'd like to lay a barrier down his track
16:16for a good CPA.
16:19Possible contacts are investigated
16:21with a new barrier of sonoboys
16:23and the electronic net closes steadily on any target.
16:28Here the Viking's great weapon capability
16:30comes into play.
16:32Ordnance is carried in a fuselage weapons bay
16:35and on two underwing hardpoints
16:37to a maximum weight of 7,000 pounds.
16:40Loads can include nuclear depth bombs,
16:49mines, or lightweight acoustic torpedoes.
16:56Patrol time can be extended by in-flight refueling
17:00from a Grumman KA-6 intruder.
17:03The real limitation to endurance being crew fatigue,
17:06despite the excellently designed flight deck
17:08and tactical compartment.
17:18With refueling completed,
17:21the Viking returns to its mission,
17:23relieving another aircraft,
17:24or, as in this case,
17:25investigating a suspected Soviet submarine.
17:28Using the computer-stored databanks,
17:37the crew tentatively identify
17:39the approaching intruder.
17:41Information gathered during these contacts
17:44or exercises can be of great use
17:46in building up a library of information
17:48about possible threats.
17:49Finally, the task completed,
17:54or the barrier manned by another aircraft,
17:57the Viking returns home.
17:59The crew debrief and rest,
18:01and the aircraft is turned around
18:03for the next mission.
18:04To meet the threat of future submarines,
18:16Vikings are being upgraded to S-3B standard
18:19with modernized electronics
18:21and the ability to carry
18:22the Harpoon anti-ship missile.
18:25I was looking into both
18:27the Air Force Academy and Naval Academy,
18:28and there were a couple of factors
18:30that went into my decision-making process.
18:32However, I decided that, hey,
18:34the Air Force pilots,
18:35they can go out there,
18:36they do the same mission
18:37the Navy pilots do,
18:37but they come back to 10,000 feet of runway
18:40that's in the same spot
18:41that it was when he left.
18:44However, a Navy pilot,
18:45launching off the carrier,
18:47goes out, does his mission,
18:48has to come back and find the carrier,
18:50first of all,
18:50and then land on it,
18:51especially at night.
18:52And I said, hey, you know,
18:54I want to be the,
18:55go with those guys,
18:56because I think it's probably
18:57a little tougher in there,
18:58a little bit better.
19:00Obviously, I'm prejudiced now,
19:01but I still feel that way.
19:04As the British discovered
19:08during the Falklands conflict,
19:10forewarned is forearmed,
19:12and Grumman's odd-looking E-2C Hawkeye
19:14is the ultimate naval force multiplier,
19:17providing a superb early warning
19:19and control system
19:20for U.S. Navy carrier groups.
19:22The two Allison turboprops
19:39and unswept flying surfaces
19:41may make the E-2C look old-fashioned,
19:43but the powerful surveillance radar
19:45with its antennae in the large rotodome
19:48over the fuselage
19:49combines with a passive radiation detector system
19:52and an advanced computer
19:54and tactical display system
19:55to enhance the effectiveness
19:57of the U.S. Navy's combat aircraft enormously.
20:01Only a few Hawkeyes
20:03are embarked on each carrier,
20:05but individual aircraft
20:06can patrol for four hours
20:08at a radius of 200 miles.
20:10The powerful radar
20:15searches the airspace
20:17between sea level
20:18and 100,000 feet
20:19out to a range of 230 miles.
20:23Its advanced processing system
20:25paints a picture of land masses
20:27and picks up fighter
20:28or missile-sized targets
20:30amongst land or sea clutter.
20:31Within this 3 million cubic mile volume,
20:35the Hawkeyes' active
20:37and passive systems
20:38allow the three-man tactical crew
20:40to track between 250 and 300 surface
20:44and aerial targets
20:45and handle up to 30 intercepts.
20:48The Hawkeyes' capabilities
21:00are not just defensive.
21:03U.S. Navy attack aircraft
21:04can be guided and worn
21:06by the E-2's electronic systems.
21:09This makes for greater accuracy in attack
21:11and reduces losses to the strike force.
21:14For U.S. service,
21:16the type is under constant development
21:17in terms of its radar,
21:19electronic support measures,
21:21and tactical control systems.
21:25Based on the Electra airliner,
21:28the Lockheed P-3 Orion
21:29is the West's most important patrol
21:31and anti-submarine aircraft.
21:34The latest Orion variant
21:36is the P-3C
21:38with a flight crew of five
21:39and an advanced suite of sensors
21:42and plotting equipment
21:43manned by a tactical crew of five.
21:47Orion operates from long-land runways
21:50so that it can lift off
21:51with maximum fuel
21:52and a large load of weapons.
21:57P-4 take-off.
21:59Red wind of 7-0.
22:00The 4th line being at total.
22:02K-8, Fox 06, roger.
22:04Cleve, we take off
22:05over Portland TV level at 2,000.
22:08Yeah.
22:11Roger.
22:12Ready to go.
22:13Here we go.
22:15Rolling.
22:15Once on station,
22:36the Orion can patrol
22:37for at least three hours
22:38at a radius of 1,500 miles from base.
22:41One or two engines
22:43can be shut down
22:44and the propeller is feathered
22:46for extended patrol duration.
22:49The Orion carries
22:51electronic support measures equipment
22:52and search radar
22:54for surveillance of vast sea areas.
22:56But the P-3
22:57is basically a submarine hunter
22:59and its main electronic weapon
23:01is the combination of sonoboy
23:04and a highly capable processing system
23:06for acoustic data.
23:07Here the operator
23:10has identified
23:11a Soviet submarine
23:12and informs the captain.
23:24Tackle sensor one.
23:26I believe I am.
23:26We're depressurized.
23:27Okay, get the pre-pull shoot ready.
23:29We'll be putting
23:30die-par 15,
23:31die-cast 2 way up top.
23:32Out of smoke.
23:32Roger.
23:33Die-par 15 and die-cast.
23:34Roger, I got him.
23:35Tally-ho.
23:3611.30 just left of the nose.
23:37At the tactical coordinator's station,
23:41each sonoboy
23:42as well as the Orion's own movements
23:44are tracked
23:44by a digital computer.
23:51I just stand by.
23:52He's about 50.
23:53He's got a search bar.
23:54I'll register your car.
23:56He's got a search bar.
23:59I'm trying to be executing.
24:01The magnetic anomaly detector,
24:02or MAD,
24:03pinpoints the target's position.
24:06Throughout the action,
24:07the computerized tactical system
24:08handles the volume of data
24:10which would otherwise
24:11overwhelm the operators.
24:15Over long ranges,
24:17endurance is, of course, limited,
24:18but relays of Orions
24:20can be used
24:21for constant tracking
24:22of suspects.
24:22Ultimately,
24:25the Orion can attack
24:26with 20,000 pounds
24:27of assorted weapons
24:28tailored to specific targets.
24:30The deadly stores
24:31can include
24:32air-to-surface missiles,
24:34bombs of various types,
24:36up to three nuclear depth bombs,
24:39or eight
24:39anti-submarine torpedoes.
24:43Carrying up to six
24:44harpoon anti-ship missiles,
24:46the Orion can also provide
24:47a shield against surface attack.
24:50These powerful weapons
24:51have a range
24:52of more than 60 miles
24:53and enable the launch aircraft
24:55to attack
24:56from well outside
24:57the ship's air-defense weapons.
25:00The P-3
25:00is also
25:01a formidable mine layer.
25:03Up to 12,000 pounds
25:05of mines
25:05can be dropped
25:06in each sortie,
25:08enabling an Orion force
25:09to lay barriers
25:10at short notice
25:11across submarine
25:12and ship choke points.
25:15More humanitarian tasks
25:17that can be undertaken
25:18by the Orion
25:19are sea control
25:20and search and rescue.
25:22Particularly useful
25:23in this task
25:24is the forward-looking
25:26infrared sensor,
25:27which is trainable
25:28and provides
25:29long-range vision
25:30in poor weather conditions
25:31and at night.
25:33It helps you be there
25:34by tomorrow morning.
25:36Thank you so much
25:37for your help.
25:39The comprehensive nature
25:40of the Orion's tactical
25:42and plotting system
25:43allows it to build up
25:44a comprehensive picture
25:46of all shipping
25:46in its patrol area.
25:48The information
25:49is recorded
25:50on film
25:50and tape
25:51for more detailed
25:52analysis back at base.
26:01Sensor 3 flight,
26:03be sure to get this
26:03on URDS film.
26:05And TC,
26:06are you taking a look
26:06at this contact?
26:07Roger, flight.
26:09I'll make sure
26:09intelligence sees this.
26:11This is valuable
26:12in the program
26:13of continuous
26:14and overlapping
26:15data-linked patrols
26:16flown by the U.S. Navy's
26:18P-3s from major bases,
26:20an up-to-date picture
26:21of surface
26:22and submarine activity
26:23being passed on
26:24by each aircraft
26:25as it returns
26:26from patrol.
26:27Just as the Orion
26:36was derived
26:37from the Electra,
26:39the British aerospace
26:39Nimrod
26:40was evolved
26:41from the
26:41De Havilland Comet.
26:43The process
26:43was more complex
26:45since it needed
26:45a revision
26:46of the design
26:47to accommodate
26:48four Rolls-Royce
26:49Spee turbotans.
26:51But the program
26:52produced what is
26:53arguably the world's
26:54best land-based
26:55maritime reconnaissance
26:56and anti-submarine aircraft.
26:59The Nimrod Mark I
27:01came into
27:02Royal Air Force
27:03service in 1968
27:04and his current
27:06Mark II variant,
27:07seen here
27:08with the characteristic
27:09refueling probe,
27:10began to be introduced
27:11in 1979.
27:14In the lower fuselage
27:16is a long weapons bay.
27:17This can hold
27:1813,500 pounds of bombs
27:21or up to nine
27:22stingray
27:23or comparable
27:24anti-submarine torpedoes.
27:26There are also
27:27two underwing
27:28hardpoints
27:28for Sea Eagle
27:29or Harpoon
27:30anti-ship missiles
27:31or Sidewinder
27:32self-defense missiles.
27:36The normal
27:38tactical crew
27:38is six or seven.
27:41As these men
27:42check their
27:42specialized mission
27:43equipment,
27:44the flight crew
27:45of five
27:45prepares the Nimrod
27:47for its mission
27:47for its mission.
27:47Standby.
27:48Standby.
27:49In and on.
27:50It pays
27:50quad lights on.
27:51MI White.
27:52On.
27:53On the in and lights.
27:55Director horizon.
27:57Director fell flags.
27:59Director indices.
28:00Carry out
28:01fear checks
28:01when required
28:02by staff.
28:06Once cleared,
28:08the Nimrod
28:08taxis out
28:09and takes off.
28:12The Nimrod
28:13is at the
28:14very front
28:15of submarine
28:15hunting and
28:16killing technology
28:17and further
28:18developments
28:19are being
28:19incorporated
28:20to keep
28:20the aircraft
28:21updated.
28:22The most
28:23important of
28:23these
28:24is the new
28:25Laurel
28:25electronic support
28:26measures equipment
28:27which is being
28:28added in
28:29wingtip pods.
28:29The normal
28:33routine
28:33calls for
28:34a high-speed
28:35transit
28:35of between
28:36two to
28:36four hours
28:37to the area
28:38for a five-hour
28:39patrol
28:40up to
28:401,500 miles
28:42from base.
28:51At the other
28:52end of the
28:53scale
28:53from the Nimrod
28:54is the trim
28:55McDonnell Douglas
28:56A4 Skyhawk.
28:58The Skyhawk
28:58is now
28:59disappearing
28:59from carrier
29:00borne service
29:01but still
29:01serves usefully
29:02as a land-based
29:03light attack
29:04bomber.
29:07Often called
29:08the Bantam
29:08bomber for
29:09its size
29:10and agility
29:10the A4
29:11was conceived
29:12in the early
29:131950s
29:14and emerged
29:15for its first
29:15flight in
29:16June 1954
29:18at about
29:19half the
29:1930,000 pound
29:20weight specified
29:21by the
29:22U.S. Navy.
29:24Despite
29:25its size
29:25the A4
29:26has proved
29:27remarkably
29:28versatile
29:28and has
29:29been developed
29:30enormously
29:30in terms
29:31of role
29:31and payload.
29:33The Type's
29:33Forte
29:34is close
29:35air support
29:35with its
29:36two cannon
29:36and upwards
29:37of 8,250
29:39pounds of
29:40disposable
29:40ordnance
29:41carried on
29:42five hard
29:42points.
29:44Single seat
29:45versions are
29:45the more
29:46common
29:46though the
29:47U.S.
29:47Marine Corps
29:48uses a
29:48two-seat
29:49forward air
29:50control model.
29:51With its
29:51simple systems
29:52and reliable
29:53Pratt and
29:54Whitney
29:54non-afterburning
29:55turbojet
29:56the Skyhawk
29:57makes an
29:57excellent
29:58quick reaction
29:58machine.
30:00This role
30:01is further
30:02enhanced
30:02by the ease
30:03with which
30:03ground crews
30:04can attach
30:05bombs,
30:06rocket launchers
30:06and other
30:07weapons
30:07without special
30:08equipment.
30:13In the
30:14naval attack
30:15role it was
30:15particularly
30:16successful in
30:17Argentine service
30:18during the
30:19Falklands
30:19conflict.
30:22The A4 is
30:23subsonic and
30:24a good weapon
30:24delivery platform.
30:26Over the
30:26years this
30:27latter capacity
30:28has been
30:29augmented by
30:29increasingly
30:30capable nav
30:31attack systems
30:32including a
30:33head-up display
30:34and the Hughes
30:35angle-rate
30:35bombing system.
30:37This means
30:38that simple
30:38weapons such
30:39as rockets
30:40and napalm
30:41can be delivered
30:42with devastating
30:42accuracy.
30:44In secondary
30:45theaters the
30:46Skyhawk still
30:46has a considerable
30:47future.
30:48Hi, my name's
30:51Lieutenant Phil
30:51Angel Angelini.
30:52I'm stationed
30:53with VF-211
30:55on board the
30:55USS Nimitz.
30:57We'll be back
30:57with more wings.
31:07The Vought A7
31:08Corsair II
31:09was developed
31:10very rapidly
31:11during the
31:12mid-1960s
31:13to replace
31:14the A4
31:15Skyhawk
31:15and has
31:16matured into
31:17an exceptional
31:18medium attack
31:18bomber.
31:20The primary
31:20requirement
31:21was larger
31:22payload carried
31:23over greater
31:24range and
31:25the Vought
31:25designers
31:26used the
31:27aerodynamics
31:27of the F-8
31:28Crusader fighter
31:29as the starting
31:30point for the
31:31new design
31:32which first flew
31:33in September
31:341965.
31:36Most current
31:37variants use
31:38the Allison
31:39is the
31:40Alisson TF-41
31:41non-afterburning
31:41turbofan
31:42and in its
31:43carrier-borne
31:43A7E model
31:45the Corsair 2
31:46can carry
31:4615,000 pounds
31:48of weapons
31:48over short
31:49range
31:50or 9,500 pounds
31:52over longer
31:53ranges.
31:55Important in
31:56weapon delivery
31:57accuracy are
31:58of course the
31:59Corsair's capable
32:00electronic systems.
32:02The Nav
32:03attack system
32:04pioneered on
32:04the A7E
32:05has a versatile
32:07computer to
32:08integrate the
32:08inertial and
32:09Doppler navigation
32:10radar altimeter
32:12and multi-mode
32:13radar systems.
32:15Targets can be
32:15engaged with one
32:16of the A7's
32:17exceptional range
32:18of weapon types.
32:20Free-fall bombs
32:21are common
32:22but the A7
32:23is well able
32:24to tackle radars
32:25with anti-radiation
32:26missiles
32:27and tanks
32:28can be engaged
32:29with air-to-surface
32:30missiles such as
32:31the Maverick.
32:34From the late
32:351970s capability
32:37has been further
32:38extended by the
32:39adoption of a
32:40forward-looking
32:41infrared sensor
32:42pod feeding an
32:43advanced head-up
32:44display to allow
32:45adverse weather
32:46attacks.
32:51Recovery to the
32:52carrier and then
32:54an arrested landing
32:55present no problems
32:56before the Corsair
32:57taxis out of the
32:58way to be readied
32:59for another mission.
33:04That naval
33:09aircraft need
33:10have no less
33:11power and
33:12performance than
33:12their land-based
33:13counterparts was
33:14demonstrated by the
33:15British Aerospace
33:16Buccaneer which
33:18first flew in
33:18April 1958 as
33:20the Blackburn
33:21Buccaneer carrier
33:22borne strike and
33:23reconnaissance
33:24aircraft.
33:24The current
33:30Mark II version
33:31with Rolls-Royce
33:32Spey turbofans
33:33is now operated
33:35from land bases
33:36by the Royal
33:36Air Force in the
33:37low-level anti-shipping
33:38and reconnaissance
33:39roles.
33:47The two-seat
33:48Buccaneer has
33:49advanced aerodynamics
33:50for high subsonic
33:52flight at sea level
33:53and an ingenious
33:54tail cone that
33:55splits to create
33:56a powerful air
33:57break when
33:58landing.
34:15The airframe is
34:17immensely strong to
34:18withstand the
34:19stresses of carrier
34:20operations especially
34:22at launch with
34:23large weapon loads
34:24and in flight the
34:25Buccaneer is a
34:26highly impressive
34:27machine.
34:34Typical of its
34:35period the
34:36Buccaneer has an
34:37internal weapons bay
34:38for four 1,000 pound
34:40bombs and the four
34:41external hard points
34:42can each lift 3,000
34:44pounds of stores.
34:45the electronics are
34:51now dated but at low
34:53level the Buccaneer
34:54still handles
34:55magnificently and is
34:56an excellent platform
34:58for modern weapons
34:59such as the Sea Eagle
35:00anti-ship missile.
35:01negative.
35:02negative.
35:02negative.
35:07Visions 22070.
35:12That's the enemy radar.
35:14Down you go.
35:15OK.
35:16Standard under the low
35:17descent.
35:18Fine.
35:21Link.
35:22Roger.
35:23Come starboard 045.
35:25Steady 045.
35:34I've got the landfall.
35:36Starboard 047.
35:38Roger.
35:39047.
35:42Visual.
35:43Roger.
35:43Roger.
35:43Okay, I see the legs.
36:13The Grumman A6E intruder
36:35is the world's finest
36:36carrier-borne all-weather
36:37attack bomber.
36:38As the deck crew swarm
36:45around this example
36:46preparing it for launch
36:47one can see the intruders
36:50side-by-side seating
36:51behind the radome
36:53of the multi-mode radar
36:54almost unswept wings
36:56with four hard points
36:57two low-thrust
36:58Pratt & Whitney J-52
37:00non-afterburning
37:01turbojets
37:02and simple take.
37:04In the air
37:04the purposeful appearance
37:06of the A6
37:07becomes evident
37:07as does the large number
37:09of bombs
37:10that can be carried.
37:11A6 attack waves
37:12as used
37:13during the U.S.
37:14raid on Libya
37:15in 1986
37:16are generally
37:17accompanied
37:17by an EA-6B
37:19prowler
37:19the four-seat
37:20electronic warfare
37:21version
37:22usually used
37:23to jam enemy
37:24radars.
37:26The intruder
37:27can carry
37:27most U.S.
37:28guided weapons
37:29but is generally
37:30seen with numerous
37:31iron bombs
37:32of which up to
37:3318,000 pounds
37:34can be carried.
37:35accuracy is of a
37:38very high order
37:39and this allows
37:40the intruder
37:41to operate
37:41in the close
37:42air support role
37:43under ground force
37:44or forward air control.
37:47Pinpoint accuracy
37:48is normal
37:48after a straight approach
37:50and delivery
37:51within 30 feet
37:52of the aiming point
37:53is standard
37:53after a beacon
37:54hop approach.
37:55As can be seen
37:58here
37:58an undernose
37:59target recognition
38:00and attack
38:01multi-sensor
38:02or tram turret
38:03is now standard
38:04on A6Es.
38:06Its forward-looking
38:07infrared sensor
38:08and laser
38:09rangefinder
38:10provide television-like
38:12pictures of distant
38:13targets
38:13magnified up to
38:1513 times.
38:16This enables
38:17the A6
38:18to attack targets
38:19previously
38:19unidentified
38:20by radar.
38:21The cockpit
38:39is also being
38:40modernized
38:41and the forthcoming
38:42A6F version
38:43with General Electric
38:45F404 turbofans
38:47will see further
38:48consolidation
38:49of the intruders'
38:50paramount position
38:51amongst naval
38:52attack bombers.
39:01I'm Navcat Cook,
39:02VT-4,
39:03Naval Air Station,
39:04Pensacola, Florida.
39:05Wings me right back.
39:07First flown
39:07in August 1978,
39:10the British
39:10Aerospace Sea Harrier
39:11is the naval
39:13derivative
39:13of the land-based
39:14Harrier.
39:15The aircraft
39:16was first tested
39:17at sea
39:17in the late
39:181970s
39:19on a specially
39:20adapted
39:21Tiger-class cruiser.
39:23Its capability
39:23for short
39:24or vertical
39:25take-off
39:25and vertical
39:26landing
39:26is of critical
39:28importance
39:28for successful
39:29operations
39:30from Britain's
39:30new generation
39:31of small
39:32aircraft carriers.
39:34The take-off run
39:36is started
39:36with the nozzles
39:37of the Rolls-Royce
39:38Pegasus turbofan
39:39facing aft.
39:41The nozzles
39:42are then turned
39:42down 50 degrees
39:44and the sea
39:45Harrier
39:45becomes airborne
39:46after a 500-foot run.
39:49The aircraft
39:50was deployed
39:51operationally
39:51with great success
39:52during the Falklands
39:53conflict of 1982,
39:56both providing
39:56the British task force
39:58with air cover
39:58and undertaking
40:00strikes against
40:01Argentine ground
40:02positions.
40:04Vertical landing
40:05is the safest
40:06and easiest method.
40:08A rolling approach
40:08is only used
40:09if the pilot
40:10has any fears
40:11that the thrust
40:12vectoring system
40:12has been damaged
40:13or is otherwise
40:14inoperable.
40:19The hangar
40:20offers a better
40:20working environment
40:21than the deck
40:22for maintenance crews
40:23and about half
40:24the usual complement
40:25of eight sea Harriers
40:27can be worked on
40:28below at any one time.
40:31The small size
40:32of the aircraft
40:32is also of great
40:34importance
40:34during the movement
40:35below decks
40:36and on the lifts.
40:37of the impact
40:41of South Africa
40:41is is also
40:42strong in the Air
40:43are strong in the East
40:46of South Africa
40:46and in the West
40:47of the East
40:48of the South Africa
40:49called South Africa
40:49and the Earth
40:50of the East
40:51is also stronger
40:52andumber
40:53Hawkeye
40:54is still
40:55North Africa
40:55so the Un holiday
40:56is stronger
40:56as the Fall
40:57of the Red
41:01in the Earth
41:02forces
41:03have never
41:04affected
41:05are
41:06Though vertical takeoffs are possible, as described, the Sea Harrier is best used with
41:20a rolling takeoff.
41:22This allows a useful war load of up to 8,000 pounds to be carried on five hard points.
41:29Among the changes made to the Sea Harrier from its land-based counterpart were the provision
41:34of Ferranti Blue Fox multi-mode radar and a revised cockpit suitable for air combat.
41:42During the Falklands conflict, Sea Harriers operating from the carriers Hermes and Invincible
41:48gained a kill superiority of 23 to none over conventional Argentine aircraft.
41:58The precision of the Sea Harrier's takeoff and landing are particularly useful during
42:02bad weather or at night.
42:05This is by far the most hazardous time for conventional aircraft during lengthy carrier operations.
42:14All three British Invincible-class carriers and those of the Spanish and Indian navies which
42:19use Sea Harriers or their US AV-8B derivative are now equipped with the so-called ski jump.
42:28Built up over the forward section of the flight deck, this adds extra momentum to the Sea Harrier's
42:33takeoff, helping the aircraft to rise well clear of the carrier as it goes from thrust support
42:39to wing-borne flight.
42:41The Blue Fox is a compact radar which gives the Sea Harrier a genuine air combat capability
42:57in addition to its attack and reconnaissance roles.
43:00For air combat, the Sea Harrier's main weapon is the Sidewinder missile, backed up by a pair
43:06of 30-millimeter cannon mounted in pods under the fuselage.
43:10Flight and combat information are relayed to the pilot via the head-up display.
43:27The Sea Harrier, with its extraordinary capabilities, has shown the way in which naval air power can
43:32be deployed from modest-sized ships.
43:36Even in the nuclear age, recent events have shown that any country which needs to project
43:40its power far from its home waters must have the ability to provide both air defense and
43:45attack capabilities.
43:48Whether from the decks of the US Navy's supercarriers or from the more modest platforms of other
43:53Western powers, the future of naval combat aircraft is assured until well into the next century.
44:23This is HALALE have made multiple
44:50You
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