- 6 months ago
For educational purposes
Unique all action film of the West's most modern and powerful land-based fighters and bombers taken by air force and manufacturers cameramen during trials and training.
The West's Land-based Fighters and Bombers features the following aircraft :
- Boeing B-52 Stratofortress
- British Aerospace Harrier GR-3 and GR-5
- Dassault Mirage 2000
- Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II
- General Dynamics F-111
- F-16 Fighting Falcon
- Israel Aircraft Industries Kfir
- McDonnell Douglas AV-8B
- F-4 Phantom II
- F-15 Eagle
- F/A-18 Hornet
- Northrop F-5 Tiger II F-20 Tigershark
- Panavia Tornado IDS and ADV
- Rockwell B-1B
- Saab JA 37 Viggen
- SEPECAT Jaguar
and has a detailed script by leading aviation authority Christopher Chant.
Unique all action film of the West's most modern and powerful land-based fighters and bombers taken by air force and manufacturers cameramen during trials and training.
The West's Land-based Fighters and Bombers features the following aircraft :
- Boeing B-52 Stratofortress
- British Aerospace Harrier GR-3 and GR-5
- Dassault Mirage 2000
- Fairchild Republic A-10A Thunderbolt II
- General Dynamics F-111
- F-16 Fighting Falcon
- Israel Aircraft Industries Kfir
- McDonnell Douglas AV-8B
- F-4 Phantom II
- F-15 Eagle
- F/A-18 Hornet
- Northrop F-5 Tiger II F-20 Tigershark
- Panavia Tornado IDS and ADV
- Rockwell B-1B
- Saab JA 37 Viggen
- SEPECAT Jaguar
and has a detailed script by leading aviation authority Christopher Chant.
Category
📚
LearningTranscript
00:00THE END
00:30THE WESTERN NATIONS CURRENTLY FIELD A WIDE RANGE OF LAND-BASED WARPLANES, MOST OF THEM DESIGNED BY A SINGLE NATION, BUT OTHERS RESULTING FROM INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS. MODERN COMBAT AIRCRAFT ONE HIGHLIGHTS THE MOST IMPORTANT, ASSESSING THEIR CAPABILITIES AND PINPOINTING THEIR SIGNIFICANT FEATURES.
00:51STARTING WITH THE U.S. AIR FORCE'S STRATEGIC AND MEDIUM BOMBER FLEET, WE THEN LOOK AT LEADING INTERNATIONAL MULTI-ROLL TYPES, RANGING FROM THE F-A-18 HORNET TO THE SAW VIGGIN.
01:02DEDICATED INTERCEPTORS, SUCH AS THE F-15 EAGLE AND TORNADO ADV ARE THEN COVERED. AFTER A LOOK AT NORTHROP'S TWO PRIVATE VENTURE FIGHTERS, WE CONCLUDE WITH GROUND ATTACK AIRCRAFT, RANGING FROM THE V-STALL HARRIER TO THE TANK-BUSTING A-10.
01:18BOEING'S B-52 STRATOFORTRESS HAS BEEN THE U.S. STRATEGIC AIR COMMAND'S BIG STICK FOR MORE THAN 30 YEARS, FIRST AS A HIGH-LEVEL NUCLEAR BOMBER, AND THEN FROM THE EARLY 60s AS A LOW-LEVEL WEAPON EQUIPPED WITH BOMBS, THEN WITH SUPERSONIC MISSILES, AND NOW IN ITS FINAL B-52 G AND H VARIANCE WITH A MIX OF DEFENSE SUPPRESSION MISSILES AND AGM-86 SUBSONIC AIR LAUNCHED CRUISE MISSILES.
01:46AGM-86 SUBSONIC AIR LAUNCHED CRUISE MISSILES.
01:48missiles.
02:07The B-52 is complemented by the FB-111A supersonic medium range bomber, the KC-135 flight refueling
02:16tanker for truly global capability with massive war loads and essential reconnaissance platforms
02:22such as the subsonic Lockheed U-2 series and the incredible Mach 3 Lockheed SR-71.
02:32The B-52G and H are not modified in any very obvious way, but the mass of aerials and blisters
02:38on these models provides evidence of their electronic developments.
02:48The most important of these are the electro-optical viewing system for low level flight and attack,
02:53the phase six electronic countermeasures and the new digital navigation and bombing system.
03:00The mighty beast is in the evening of its life and is to be replaced in the penetration role
03:09by the B-1, but because of its combination of payload and range, the B-52 still has a future
03:15as a cruise missile carrier and finally in the maritime support role with Harpoon anti-ship missiles.
03:21The F-111 operates at the sharp end of NATO's defenses, the most advanced models lurking
03:39in bomb-proof shelters on three British bases and older aircraft waiting in the USA for forward deployment.
03:45Their task? Strike far into any aggressor's rear to destroy the communications vital
03:56for any major offensive into Western Europe.
04:08Nicknamed the Aardvark and capable of Mach 2 Plus speeds at altitude,
04:13the F-111 was the world's first operational swing-wing combat aircraft.
04:18But the type suffered many problems with its structure, avionics and power plant
04:24when it was introduced in the late 1960s, though successive fixes and variants have cured these failures.
04:33The two-seat F-111 has now taken off as the Western world's best long-range all-weather attack aircraft.
04:40The F-111 has a small weapons bay as well as six underwing pylons and can carry nuclear bombs.
04:47In general, though, it is used for conventional weapons up to a maximum of 31,500 pounds.
04:53Particularly important are laser-guided bombs such as these underwing paveway bombs.
05:02The Aardvark has other sophisticated avionics, including internal and external electronic countermeasures,
05:12but just as significant are the inertial navigation system, doppler navigation, large attack radar,
05:19and the highly capable terrain-following radar, all vital for low-level navigation and attack
05:24over the F-111's combat radius of some 1,500 miles on internal fuel.
05:54The terrain-following avionics give the F-111 crew the opportunity to select day and night
06:03all-weather automatic terrain following at any chosen height above the ground.
06:07This is a feature of great tactical importance as the F-111 tries to operate over hostile territory at high speed and low height.
06:15In this low-level mode, the retractable pave-tack belly-pack comes into its own.
06:24The system's forward-looking infrared sensor allows targets to be acquired under most weather conditions,
06:30and the laser permits target designation even as the aircraft is leaving the area.
06:35Here, the variable geometry of the aircraft also plays its part.
06:39The use of maximum sweep allowing high speed without the bumpy ride
06:43that would otherwise wear down the crew in low-level flight.
06:54The Rockwell B-1B entered service in 1986 as the swing-wing replacement for the USAF's B-52 in the strategic penetration role.
07:08The whole system was born in the 1960s as a Mach 2 high-level bomber,
07:12but was cancelled by President Carter and was finally revived by President Reagan
07:16as a modestly supersonic, long-range, low-level bomber and missile carrier.
07:21Just 100 are to be built.
07:24The B-1B is now tailored to high subsonic penetration of enemy airspace at low level over any terrain.
07:31The electronically controlled ride ensures minimum fatigue for the crew and the airframe,
07:36complete with its maximum 80,000 pounds of weapons.
07:48The airframe and engine nacelles are designed to reduce the B-1B's radar signature,
07:53which is only one hundredth that of the B-52.
07:55The B-1B is thus a fairly stealthy aircraft in the modern sense of the word.
08:00The complex airframe and after-burning turbofan power plant are matched by the mission avionics,
08:06operated by just two of the four-man crew.
08:09The offensive system permits highly accurate navigation and weapon delivery,
08:20while the impressive ALQ-161 defensive system automatically monitors
08:25and neutralizes enemy electronic sensors.
08:29The B-1B can carry a huge conventional war load,
08:32but is designed for strategic nuclear weapons.
08:35In its definitive form, the B-1B will be able to carry an internal and external load
08:41of 26 free-fall thermonuclear bombs, 46 SRAM defense suppression missiles,
08:48or 30 air-launched cruise missiles, or a mix of these.
09:11The key to the B-1B's performance is its use of swing wings,
09:17with an advanced fuselage of great capacity but low drag.
09:20The combination provides good field performance and long range with the wings forward,
09:25together with the supersonic dash performance and low-level ride comfort with the wings swept.
09:31In short, the B-1B offers national deterrent capability beyond that suggested by the type's small numbers.
09:38Wiggen is the Swedish for thunderbolt,
09:46and this is a graphic description of the capabilities of this classic warplane,
09:51which began to enter service in the early 1970s.
09:54The Wiggen was tailored aerodynamically and electronically
09:59to Sweden's exacting operational requirements in several variants.
10:03The AJ-37 for attack,
10:05the SF-37 for low-level overland reconnaissance,
10:09the SH-37 for overwater reconnaissance,
10:12the two-seat SK-37 for operational conversion,
10:16and finally,
10:17the second-generation JA-37 for interception.
10:22The Wiggen generally carries seven external pylons, sufficient for a 15,400-pound war load.
10:39Smaller loads are more common, however,
10:41so that electronic countermeasures can also be accommodated in external pods.
10:46Various air-to-surface and anti-ship missiles can be carried,
10:50but bombs and unguided rockets can be more cost-effective
10:53when delivered with the accuracy made possible by the Wiggen's precise handling,
10:58radar, inertial navigation system, and pilot's head-up display.
11:03This basic fit is complemented in the JA-37 interceptor
11:08by sky-flash air-to-air missiles used with a head-down display
11:12and very advanced pulse Doppler radar.
11:15Operations from dispersed sites, including any 500-meter length of straight road,
11:22are a cornerstone of Sweden's air defense policy.
11:25Only thus, the Swedes reckon, can the effects of preemptive strikes
11:29on their vulnerable airfields be overcome.
11:32An instrument landing system,
11:35stole performance from the canard layout,
11:38and thrust reversal on the after-burning turbofan engine
11:41all fit the Wiggen neatly into this aspect of the System 37 weapon system,
11:46of which the Wiggen is the aircraft component.
11:49System 37 covers the Wiggen and all its ground support.
12:06This means that on a formal air base or country road,
12:09the Wiggen can be serviced, repaired, refueled, and rearmed swiftly
12:14under all weather conditions.
12:19The sturdy airframe and landing gear permit fast taxiing,
12:29and vulnerable turnaround time is thus kept as short as possible.
12:33Within its operational context, the Wiggen reigns supreme.
12:38When France in 1973 refused to deliver Mirage V fighters purchased by Israel,
12:50that country pressed on with a program already underway for a Mirage variant.
12:55This led first to the Nesher, little more than a Mirage V copy with Israeli avionics,
13:02and then to the Kefir C-1, upgraded model with the more powerful US J79 turbojet,
13:09and more advanced avionics.
13:11The C-1 was soon succeeded by the radically improved Kefir C-2,
13:16with dog-toothed outer wings, fixed foreplanes, nose strakes, and a modern cockpit.
13:23The result is a versatile, single-seat, multi-role fighter and reconnaissance aircraft.
13:29There is also a two-seat electronic warfare version.
13:33Low-speed handling and combat agility are impressive,
13:37and the C-2 can operate from much shorter runways than its predecessors.
13:42The Kefir C-2 is a genuine multi-role type, though it may lack multi-mode nose radar,
13:51as it is intended for the clear-weather role.
13:54The type has a head-up display, working with an inertial navigation
13:58and either of two advanced weapon delivery systems.
14:01And in addition to its pair of 30-millimeter DEFA cannon,
14:04the Kefir can carry some 9,500 pounds of weapons on nine hardpoints.
14:10US or Israeli air-to-air missiles are standard,
14:14and other weapons including HE and cluster bombs,
14:17napalm, rocket and cannon pods, and air-to-surface or anti-radar missiles.
14:23One or two hardpoints generally carry a defensive pod
14:27to complement the Kefir's advanced internal systems.
14:35The Kefir C-2 has been extensively used in combat
14:39and built up a fine record in its air-to-surface and air-to-air roles.
14:44Development has continued, recent years seeing the introduction of the Kefir C-7.
14:49This has a more advanced cockpit of the hands-on throttle and stick variety.
14:57Provision for smart weapons, such as laser-guided bombs,
15:00with a new digital nav attack system and pulsed Doppler radar.
15:05More fuel and in-flight refueling capability.
15:09Within its context, the Kefir remains an excellent warplane.
15:13The Mirage 2000 air superiority fighter is clear evidence of France's faith in the tailless delta layout.
15:30In this instance, Dassault Breguet has produced a thoroughly modern machine with advanced aerodynamics
15:36and a fly-by-wire control system to overcome the drag limitations of the earlier Mirage 3 series.
15:43The result is a Mach 2 aircraft able to take full advantage of air-to-air missiles,
15:48such as the short-range but very maneuverable magic air-to-air missile scene here.
15:53Computer-linked leading-edge slats and trailing-edge elevons controlling an inherently unstable design
16:10make the Mirage 2000 extremely agile at altitude without the energy losses suffered by earlier Mirages.
16:16But the large wing and its light loading make the fighter less adept at low level than competitors in the same weight class.
16:27Apart from its two 30mm internal cannon, the Mirage 2000 has nine external hardpoints able to lift 11,000 pounds of stores,
16:36including the Super 530 air-to-air missile matched to the fighter's nose radar.
16:40This radar and missile combination gives the Mirage 2000 the ability to engage medium-range targets
16:48even when they are flying far higher or lower than the fighter.
16:57The Super 530 is thus a powerful snap-up and snap-down weapon,
17:02giving the French capabilities otherwise fielded only by the superpowers.
17:06In the attack role, an Atlas pod can be installed for use with laser-guided bombs and the AS-30L air-to-surface missile.
17:19Other loads can include the BAP-100 anti-runway bomb,
17:24the more powerful Durandau runway cratering munitions,
17:28rockets particularly useful against soft-skinned vehicles,
17:35and the Beluga cluster bomb to lay a pattern of fragmentation, anti-armor, or area-denial munitions.
17:42The Mirage 2000 began to enter French service in 1983 and has also secured useful export successes to Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Greece, India, and Peru.
17:55The type is optimized for the high-altitude role, but export customers also seem happy with the type's dual-role capacity despite the rough low-level ride and its high fuel consumption.
18:08This success can be attributed in part to the Mirage 2000's advanced design, but also to the basic reliability of the aircraft's systems and its ability to be refueled and rearmed in some five minutes under combat conditions.
18:26France is also developing the type as the Mirage 2000N low-level penetration aircraft with terrain following radar and the ability to carry the ASMP nuclear-tipped cruise missile.
18:56France is also developing the ASMP nuclear-tipped aircraft with the ASMP nuclear-tipped aircraft.
19:00More than 5,000 F-4s were built, making the Phantom II the Western world's most important jet fighter to date.
19:08The F-4 is now beginning to show signs of age, but in land-based models such as the F-4E multi-role fighter and RF-4C all-weather multi-sensor reconnaissance platform,
19:20the Phantom is still very much in service with the USAF and many other air arms who value the aircraft's high performance.
19:26Strength and ability to carry four Sparrow air-to-air missiles as well as 16,000 pounds of ordnance on five external hardpoints.
19:35The Phantom was conceived by McDonnell as a Mach 2-plus carrier-borne attack aircraft, but entered U.S. Navy service in the early 1960s as a two-seat fleet defense fighter with two mighty J-79 after-burning turbojets and excellent combat aircraft.
20:04The powerful radar is matched to the Sparrow missile for search and destroy capability without external support.
20:13Naval models still serve in limited though much updated forms, but the Phantom is now mainly a land-based weapon.
20:22Weighty though it is, the Phantom is a fairly agile war horse, especially when fitted with slotted tail plane and slatted outer wing panels.
20:33This prompted the type's adoption for display purposes and also persuaded users that the Phantom could be used in the support role with ordnance loads of increasing complexity matched to the constantly improved electronics carried both internally and externally by the Phantom.
20:58It was the Vietnam War that made the Phantom while most other U.S. combat aircraft have had at times to be withdrawn while problems were rectified.
21:17The F-4 served in increasing numbers for several roles with an ever-increasing assortment of weapons ranging from unguided rockets via laser-guided bombs to specialist weapons such as the Shrike anti-radar missile.
21:36Export customers generally followed the U.S.
21:39Export customers generally followed the U.S. lead in role and model, though Japan and West Germany have now opted for much updated models with enhanced avionics and weapons, while Israel is considering a radically re-engined model.
21:55Electronic and weapon developments have continued ever since, and today's F-4E and G are still potent warplanes.
22:07The F-4G is the West's primary defense suppression aircraft with advanced sensors and anti-radar missiles.
22:16The Vietnam War was a turning point in the development of U.S. warplanes, showing that sheer power, performance, and systems complexity were not in themselves sufficient.
22:35Modern combat demanded greater maintainability, maneuverability, and tactical flexibility, all provided by the F-16 prototype that won the USAF's lightweight fighter competition in 1975.
22:52The beautifully tailored airframe features a cockpit offering the pilot superb fields of vision from a semi-reclining seat that makes it possible for him to cope with sustained high G-forces.
23:05For the same reason, the traditional central control column was replaced by a side stick controller so that the pilot's arms are firmly supported.
23:15Right from the start, the key features of the F-16's design were agility and advanced electronics.
23:22The airframe features blended contours, wings with leading edge flaps and trailing edge flapperons, and computer controlled translation of the pilot's side stick movements into movement of the flight control surfaces.
23:36With flight entrusted largely to the computer via the hands-on throttle and stick, or hot-ass control system, the pilot can concentrate on the outside world of air combat.
23:49Key flight and tactical data are presented to the pilot on his head-up display, additional information being provided on head-down displays as required.
24:01The fighting Falcon was conceived as an advanced air combat fighter of good, though not exceptional, performance, and success in this role has been ensured by constantly updating avionics matched to capable weapons, including the latest AMRAAM air-to-air missile.
24:16Such offensive capability is balanced by defensive measures that include advanced electronic warfare systems and dispensers for chaff and flares.
24:31The former confuses the enemy's radar, and the latter decoys his heat-seeking missiles.
24:52The experience has shown that the Fighting Falcon is also a remarkably versatile ground attack aircraft, its seven hardpoints being able to carry up to 20,450 pounds of weapons for delivery with pinpoint accuracy.
25:07A limitation in many earlier U.S. fighters was their restriction to clear weather daylight operations, for lack of the sensors providing low-level adverse weather and night capability.
25:19In the F-16 and other multi-role types, this limitation is being removed by the adoption of the Lantern, or low-altitude navigation and targeting infrared for night system, carried in two external pods.
25:36Lantern's navigation pod provides the pilot with an exceptionally clear thermal picture of the terrain ahead and generates cues warning the pilot of obstructions and other salient features.
25:48Here the aircraft is flying down a valley with hills on each side.
25:54The pilot has to keep the aircraft symbol in the square box for safe flight.
25:58No turn warns of an obstruction to the side of the flight path.
26:17The arrow indicating the side on which the obstruction lies.
26:20The arrow indicating the side on which the obstruction lies.
26:24No turn enclose, how about dip and rotate occasions in the aircraft's knxt.
26:27No turn прямо to the airport.
26:28And the pull up indicates the presence of an obstruction in the aircraft's path,
26:29Pull up indicates the presence of an obstruction in the aircraft's path and the course of
26:50action recommended to the pilot.
26:58The targeting pod's forward-looking infrared sensor provides for the acquisition of the target,
27:03which can then be designated by the system's laser for a variety of advanced homing weapons
27:08such as Paveway bombs and Maverick missiles.
27:16In the lightweight fighter competition won by the aircraft that became the General Dynamics
27:21F-16, the losing contender was a Northrop design.
27:26But the company's effort was not wasted, for this aircraft was used as the basis for the
27:31larger F-18 Hornet required by the US Navy and US Marine Corps.
27:37The naval experienced McDonnell Douglas was chosen as prime contractor with Northrop as
27:43chief subcontractor.
27:52The requirement was difficult to meet, as reflected in the designation, calling for
27:57a single design for carrier operations able to operate both as a multi-role fighter to
28:03replace the F-4 Phantom II and as an attack aircraft to replace the A-7 Corsair II.
28:11The Hornet became operational with the US Marine Corps during 1983 and has also been ordered
28:17for Australia, Canada and Spain as a land-based combat aircraft.
28:24The airframe and flight systems have conceptual similarity with those of the F-16, but great
28:30emphasis was placed on reliability and ease of maintenance.
28:34The use of two comparatively small after-burning turbofans provides Mach 1.8 performance combined
28:41with greater flight safety.
28:43Together with massive fuel capacity, this also ensures considerable combat radius with
28:49a potent weapon load.
28:51The Hornet's two roles call for a high level of agility at all altitudes, and this requirement
28:57has been met fully.
28:58But just as important in such a single-seat aircraft are comprehensive flight and tactical
29:04data presented in an easily assimilated manner.
29:08The APG-65 Pulse Doppler radar is an impressively capable item of equipment with air-to-air, air-to-ground,
29:17and navigation modes, and able to search for targets out to a range of 90 miles.
29:22The onboard computer system thus generates symbology on the one head up and three head
29:28down displays, using data from the inertial navigation system, nose radar, and forward-looking
29:34infrared and optical sensors.
29:38The Hornet can carry some 17,000 pounds of varied stores on seven hard points.
29:43The normal air-to-air fit is a pair of sidewinders at the wingtips plus two or four sparrows under
29:50the wings.
29:52Air-to-surface armament can include free-fall bombs of assorted types, unguided rockets,
29:58and smart weapons such as laser or electro-optically guided bombs and many guided weapons.
30:04With reduced external load, the Hornet retains impressive maneuverability and is being developed
30:10into yet more capable forms with internal countermeasures, an improved ejector seat, and more flexible weapon capability.
30:22The McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle is the Western Alliance's most capable land-based air superiority
30:29fighter and was planned in the 1960s to outmatch the Soviet MiG-25 Foxbat as a dedicated interceptor.
30:39The resulting Eagle first flew in 1972 as a massive aircraft with two Pratt & Whitney F-100
30:46after-burning turbofans for a maximum speed of over Mach 2.5 and an initial climb rate of
30:54more than 50,000 feet per minute.
31:01The Eagle has also matured as a potent attack aircraft in the later F-15C and forthcoming F-15E models.
31:09The former has provision for strap-on fuel and sensor tactical or fast conformal packs for additional
31:24range and 16,000 pounds of disposable ordnance, while the latter has more capable radar and other modern sensors,
31:32two seats, and the ability to carry 24,500 pounds of attack ordnance, including anti-radar missiles.
31:39In the air superiority role, the Eagle uses its APG-63 pulse Doppler radar to search for targets and then track them automatically.
31:58Tactical data are shown on head-up and head-down displays.
32:02The basic air-to-air armament is the Vulcan 20-millimeter rotary barrel cannon and eight air-to-air missiles,
32:11four ejector-launched medium-range sparrows and four underwing short-range sidewinders.
32:17The Tornado Air Defense variant, or ADV, was developed from the basic Tornado IDS swing-wing interdictor aircraft
32:37to meet British requirements for a long-range all-weather interceptor operating on the boundaries of the UK Air Defense region.
32:45The type began to enter service in 1986.
32:52The main changes are to the avionics, including a new radar and armament.
32:59The latter is centered on a quartet of sky-flash medium-range air-to-air missiles,
33:05semi-recessed under a lengthened fuselage, which provides greater fuel volume and lower transonic drag.
33:12Tactical information is presented to the pilot via his head-up display, the rear-seat weapon system operator having two head-down screens,
33:32with fifteen display formats for overall assessment of the situation and for navigation.
33:39Key to the Tornado ADV's capability in the interception role is the Fox Hunter nose radar,
33:45an impressively capable pulse-doppler system for long-range look-up, look-down detection and tracking of multiple targets.
33:55The radar operates in conjunction with a new generation of cockpit displays,
34:00and has good capabilities even in severe conditions of electronic countermeasures.
34:05The Tornado ADV is also designed for data-link communication with friendly aircraft such as force-multiplying AWACS platforms.
34:15The Tornado ADV carries one 27mm cannon and up to four of the ejector-launched sky-flash missiles,
34:24a British development of the Sparrow.
34:27Four short-range sidewinders can also be carried.
34:34Another feature that differentiates the Tornado ADV from the Tornado IDS
34:38is the former's automatic control of wing sweep and maneuvering devices.
34:43This provides the Tornado ADV with very considerable agility, despite its size,
34:49and also helps to make best use of the type's combat air patrol capability.
34:54A loiter of two hours twenty minutes at a distance of three hundred and seventy miles from base,
34:59excluding allowances for combat.
35:01There is still plenty of room for growth in this long-range interceptor,
35:10which has secured export sales to Oman and Saudi Arabia.
35:23The N-156 design was developed by Northrop during the mid-1950s
35:29as a supersonic flying trainer and light tactical fighter.
35:33The type is operated by the U.S. Air Force as the T-38 Talon trainer
35:38and by many smaller air forces as the F-5 series of tactical fighters.
35:49Emphasis was placed on modest supersonic performance with two small afterburning turbojets,
35:55on simple weapons, on low purchase cost through a mission of advanced electronics,
36:00and on low operating costs by in-built reliability and maintainability.
36:06The initial F-5A Freedom Fighter secured very useful export success,
36:12and this was further exploited by the F-5E Tiger II,
36:16which appeared in the early 1970s with greater power,
36:197,000 rather than 6,200 pounds of more capable weapons,
36:24and a small nose radar for those countries requiring a slightly more versatile fighter.
36:33The basic design has also been developed for tactical reconnaissance
36:36with a number of optical systems.
36:38The most important variant is the RF-5E Tiger I,
36:43with a choice of several pallet-mounted fits and an enlarged nose,
36:47such as this rotating mirror camera.
36:50In its basic form, the F-5 is quite short-ranged,
37:09but an in-flight refueling probe, seen here in action with a C-130 tanker aircraft,
37:14can be fitted.
37:23The F-5 can also carry drop tanks on three of its external hardpoints.
37:36Production by Northrop and its licensees has lasted for more than 20 years,
37:41and this light fighter is still a valued aircraft for many countries,
37:45facing only a limited threat.
38:00Success with the F-5 series persuaded Northrop in the mid-1970s
38:05that there was a world market for a radically upgraded version of the aircraft.
38:09Thus was born the Tiger Shark, first known as the F-5G, but later retitled the F-20.
38:17The Tiger Shark bears a strong family resemblance to the F-5,
38:21but is in reality a different multi-mission fighter with advanced avionics,
38:26a refined airframe with improved leading edge route extensions,
38:30and greater volume resulting from the elimination of the Coke bottle,
38:34drag-reducing fuselage waste used on the F-5,
38:38and a single after-burning turbofan offering 70% more thrust than the F-5E's two small turbojets.
38:46The Tiger Shark is called S-4's,
38:56and the F-3 has been a very long time,
38:59and the F-4 in the mid-1970s,
39:01the F-9 is now in the mid-1970s.
39:03The F-5 is now in the mid-1970s.
39:04The F-9 is now in the mid-1980s.
39:05The F-5 is now in the mid-1980s.
39:07The F-5 is now in the mid-1980s.
39:09The result is a thoroughbred fighter offering superb takeoff and climb performance, including
39:27a mere three minutes to a point 11.5 miles from base at a speed of Mach 0.9.
39:37The Tiger Shark has five external hardpoints, three of them plumbed for drop tanks, and can
39:42carry more than 8,300 pounds of free-fall and guided weapons, in addition to its own two
39:48internal 20-millimeter cannon.
39:51Among the guided weapons that can be carried by the Tiger Shark are the Sparrow, seen here
39:56in the form of an AIM-7F launch and successful flight.
40:01The wingtip rails can carry two Sidewinder short-range air-to-air missiles.
40:16The Tiger Shark can also be used for ground attack with a wide range of unguided weapons.
40:22In this respect, the two inbuilt cannon can be supplemented by three 30-millimeter cannon
40:28pods, four pods for unguided rockets, or up to nine 500-pound bombs.
40:34Guided weapons can also be used, the natural choice being the Maverick, of which four can
40:39be lifted.
40:41The Tiger Shark is in every respect an excellent fighter.
40:45It has very good reliability and maintainability, and combines agility with sparkling performance
40:51thanks to its aerodynamics and the rapid response of its powerful engine.
40:57Despite these virtues, the Tiger Shark found no launch customer, and at the end of 1986, the
41:03Army decided to end further effort on the type.
41:12With its derivatives, the British Aerospace Harrier is still the Western world's only land-based
41:17jet combat aircraft able to do without any type of fixed operating location.
41:23Using its vectored thrust turbofan controlled by a simple lever in the cockpit for a short
41:28rolling takeoff with effective weapons load and for a vertical landing, the Harrier has given
41:33evidence of its unique capabilities for 20 years.
41:36But oddly enough, this has failed to spawn competitors.
41:52From the beginning, the Harrier has been fitted with an inertial navigation system, and today's
41:57GR Mark III features a more powerful engine together with a radar warning receiver and a revised nose
42:04housing a laser ranger and marked target seeker.
42:08Though 8,000 pounds of weapons can be lifted on seven hardpoints, a maximum of 5,300 pounds
42:14is more usual on five hardpoints for a rolling takeoff.
42:26Use of the head-up display allows the pilot to keep his eyes on the target while absorbing
42:30tactical and flight information, and this further improves weapon delivery accuracy.
42:39For all its cubbiness, the Harrier is a very agile warplane, admirably suited to short-range,
42:52low-level support.
42:54The latest development in the Harrier series is the GR Mark V, due to enter RAF service
43:00in the later 1980s after joint development by McDonnell Douglas and British Aerospace.
43:05The Harrier GR Mark V has nine hardpoints, two of them for sidewinder self-defense missiles.
43:11The type also has two new 25mm Aden cannon with 130 rounds per gun in under-fuselage pods.
43:19The avionics have also been greatly improved, making the GR Mark V far superior to the GR Mark
43:25III.
43:29The McDonnell Douglas AV-8V Harrier II is based on the British Harrier series, but reflects
43:35the Marine Corps' desire for a model tailored to close support of amphibious operations over
43:40extremely short ranges with much larger war loads.
43:45The Harrier II also reveals U.S. expertise in aerodynamic and structural matters.
43:53The AV-8V first flew in 1981 and is a first-rate weapon platform thanks to its aerodynamic, structural,
44:01and avionic development.
44:04The larger but lighter wing is of graphite epoxy construction and has bigger flaps to aid the
44:10far better under-fuselage lift improvement devices, which in the U.S. model accommodate
44:16one 25mm cannon and 300 rounds of ammunition.
44:23The raised cockpit with 360-degree vision is tactically better than that of the Harrier,
44:29and the pilot has both head-up and head-down displays.
44:33As with the Harrier GR Mark V, the most important weapon delivery aid is the angle-rate bombing
44:39system in the extreme nose, and the U.S. machine's seven standard hardpoints can lift a war load
44:45of 17,000 pounds with a short rolling takeoff.
44:51The Harrier II's wing is a main contributor to the improved operational capabilities of the
44:56type, not least by accommodating large slotted flaps that help trap pressure for vertical
45:02and short takeoffs.
45:05The lift improvement devices under the fuselage, the new engine nozzles, and the revised engine
45:10inlets also contribute to the effective use of the 6,700-pound additional stall lift of
45:16the whole system.
45:18This makes it possible to carry a wider range of advanced weapons.
45:39The Anglo-French Sepucat Jaguar is a single-seat aircraft powered by two after-burning turbofans.
45:46The result is a moderately supersonic, all-weather attack aircraft with stocky landing gear and
45:52high-set wing to provide clearance for large external stores.
46:07The small wing also contributes greatly to the Jaguar's smooth, non-fatiguing ride at low
46:13level.
46:14The Jaguar is in its element at low altitude and high speed.
46:24high speed.
46:25Here, the powerful flight controls and fuel-efficient turbofans make the aircraft maneuverable and
46:42long-ranged.
46:44The pre-programmable navigation system uses an inertial platform and advanced computer for
46:49extremely accurate approach and attack, even without nose radar.
46:51The Jaguar can lift 10,500 pounds on five hard points and also has a pair of in-built 30-millimeter
46:58cannon.
46:59The Jaguar can operate effectively over all types of terrain and has gained a great reputation
47:07for the accurate weapons delivery.
47:10The Jaguar's airframe is very strong and with its stoll performance, the type can return
47:17even to damaged airfields for rapid turnaround and another mission.
47:30One of the most significant developments in recent fighter design has been the delivery
47:37of the Jaguar.
47:38The Jaguar's airframe is very strong and with its stoll performance, the type can return
47:41even to damaged airfields for rapid turnaround and another mission.
47:44One of the most significant developments in recent fighter design has been the deliberate
47:47balancing of inherent instability with computerized controls to produce extreme agility.
47:53One test bed for this was the Jaguar fly-by-wire, which was destabilized by the addition
47:58of weights and additional flying surfaces.
48:02Already incorporated in aircraft such as the F-16, the Tornado and the Mirage 2000, such
48:08technology will be further developed in programs such as the European fighter aircraft and
48:13the French Rafale.
48:20The Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II is often called the Warthog and is one of the
48:26Air Force's most important tactical aircraft.
48:29It is a dedicated tank killer and capable close support aircraft.
48:34The design was launched in the late 60s because of the Air Force's lack of tank killing capability
48:40in Europe and resulted in a large machine with an armored tub protecting the pilot and vital
48:46systems from most cannon hits.
48:49The A-10 can also survive if many of its less well-protected systems are knocked out.
48:58The arrangement of the tail unit and twin turbo fans cuts power plant vulnerability and heat emission.
49:05Speed is decidedly low, but agility and field performance can best be described as impressive.
49:11The A-10 can carry a maximum of 16,000 pounds of ordnance, including most U.S. air-to-surface guided weapons, and in particular the multi-capable Maverick missile on 11 hard points.
49:26The Warthog is designed for combat operation close to the front, so the time the aircraft can spend over the battlefields is important.
49:39The A-10 uses its excellent low speed agility to loiter between hills and behind the tree line until called in by ground forces to tackle enemy armor.
49:50Mavericks can decimate tank formations, especially with the weapon delivery accuracy provided by the pilot's head-up display with input from optional electro-optical and forward-looking infrared sensors.
50:05But the A-10 is also armed with a massive Avenger cannon in its forward fuselage.
50:19This has some 1,200 rounds of 30-millimeter ammunition with depleted uranium penetrators and is totally devastating against armor.
50:29Once its weapons have been expended, the A-10 returns to its forward operating location for refueling, rearming, and takeoff on another mission.
50:48The Tornado is a joint British-Italian and West German venture, and since entering service in the early 1980s, it has provided the Western world with its finest all-weather medium-range attack and nuclear strike aircraft,
51:12especially at levels as low as 60 feet where it can reach Mach 1.6.
51:19The Tornado IDS carries a crew of two to handle the flying and the very advanced avionics,
51:25and is notable for the STOL performance provided by its swing wings, high-lift devices, and two small but powerful after-burning turbofans.
51:34The Tornado's considerable internal fuel and optional external tankage provides for a combat radius of 850 miles
52:03with an 8,000-pound war load, the swing wings helping to boost the crew's range while also providing a rock-steady supersonic low-level approach to the target.
52:30The powerful control surfaces are operated through a fly-by-wire system, and the pilot has the option of selecting automatic flight at altitudes below 200 feet,
52:40using the inertial navigation system and the two nose radars.
52:45The larger of these is a pulse-doppler multi-mode type with ground-mapping capability,
52:51and the smaller is a terrain-following type, allowing the pilot to select precisely the height to be flown over most types of terrain.
52:59A thing is really unique.
53:01This shows theной film selection seen all the cameras that have then passed 2D and 1.2 N.1s ,
53:05The popped-ize is the map where the top-range scenesações allow the הע стор ziemlich to be and saised by the name of a chercher part of the vision range.
53:09The maxантиcerat is a Bluecido-Rug flexor of the space.
53:11The Cat Пр wusste the highest-mode type, allowing the teamґ who canолży the Internationally open some dates after 2D.
53:15Short landing is made possible by the low approach speed and the use of powerful thrust
53:38reversers. This stole capability would be a major asset in wartime allowing the tornado to land on
53:54damaged airfields and in emergencies on any straight road. An important weapon under development for
54:03British tornadoes is the very capable alarm anti-radar missile. Nine can be carried but in
54:10most operational circumstances a smaller load would be normal. Thus the use of all nine hard points
54:18could permit a mix of defensive and offensive stores. The latter generally delivered with the
54:24aid of the tornado's laser ranger and marked target seeker or optional laser designator.
54:33The tornado's tactical situation is monitored by the system's operator in the rear seat. The pilot
54:52receiving all essential information via his own head up and head down displays. The extreme accuracy of the
54:59navigation system and the smoothness of the low-level ride make possible devastating first
55:05pass attacks even after long approaches and the tornado can carry a very wide assortment of weapon
55:11types. Free fall and retarded bombs are highly destructive when delivered with total accuracy.
55:19Other possible weapons are air to surface and anti-ship missiles, cluster bombs, incendiary bombs,
55:25weapons, and in decisive moments tactical nuclear weapons.
55:29The tornado's development is being actively pursued for the types already formidable capabilities still
55:51offer the prospect of improvement in weapon versatility, defensive measures, and flight control refinement.
55:56So lets us Diablo
Comments