¿Puede la UE aplicar su nueva ley de libertad de prensa?
La libertad de prensa es un pilar fundamental de la democracia, pero ha ido disminuyendo en varios Estados miembros de la UE. Desde agosto, los Gobiernos deben aplicar plenamente la Ley de Libertad de los Medios de Comunicación.
MÁS INFORMACIÓN : http://es.euronews.com/2025/09/02/puede-la-ue-aplicar-su-nueva-ley-de-libertad-de-prensa
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00:30The new rules aim to protect the editorial independence of journalists as well as their sources, including against the use of spyware.
00:44They all sell provisions to ensure the independence of public service media from state interference and to enhance transparency of media ownership.
00:52The regulation includes guidelines to protect against the unjustified removal of online content produced by media outlets.
01:00This applies to major platforms such as Google, YouTube and social media apps.
01:05The European Parliament broadly supported the law approved last year, and some governments have begun adopting their national laws.
01:14But recently, members of that parliament warned that some countries are resisting its implementation.
01:20Let's hear what Europeans think about greater press protection.
01:50This role is responsible for social media, who do not always have a level of certainty in this role.
02:00I absolutely believe that they are under a political pressure and that the workers in these times are in some way dangerous.
02:07Euronews reporter Shandor Girous will help us better understand this legislation.
02:12Signs of declining media freedom was the argument used in 2021 by the European Commission for the need of an European law on this matter.
02:24Can you give us some examples, particularly affecting investigative journalism?
02:29At the end of the last decade, two investigative journalists have been killed, Jan Kuczyak in Slovakia and Daphne Korana Galicia in Malta.
02:39And this was a wake-up call for the European Union that the media freedom was in danger.
02:46But this was only the tip of the iceberg because the Commission saw that media freedom is declining in almost all of the member states.
02:55Because of political pressure, because of business interests and because of spyware being used against journalists.
03:04Let's talk about those cases of spyware against journalists.
03:08What happened and how can this law address those issues?
03:12Well, the most serious breaches have been recorded in Poland and in Hungary where opposition figures, investigative journalists have been targeted by spyware.
03:25They hacked their phones and this was clearly for political reasons.
03:30There have been cases also in Greece and in Spain, but those cases have not been a systemic risk against the opposition and against journalists.
03:40Now the new law says that spyware can be only used against journalists when there is a threat for the national security, otherwise this is forbidden.
03:50In a recent debate in the European Parliament about this law, three hard-right political groups said, and I quote,
03:58this is a censorship tool used by Brussels to silence divergent voices.
04:03Which countries are more likely to resist the implementation of the law?
04:07Well, we surely see a problem in Hungary where we have a very hard-right government who is heavily influencing media and distorting the media market.
04:19What might change is also depends on, you know, how each and every member state applies this law
04:25and how the European Commission will put pressure on the member states to really take this law seriously.
04:32The 2025 Rule of Law report from the European Commission warns of deteriorating conditions for journalists in several countries,
04:42smear campaigns by politicians and growing risks from highly concentrated media ownership.
04:48Going into details, the Commission highlights concerns about journalists' safety in Bulgaria and Malta.
04:53The report points out that political pressure, including the distribution of state advertising,
04:59is a serious concern in Hungary and Romania.
05:02Media ownership lacks transparency chiefly in Bulgaria, Checha, Netherlands, Cyprus and Spain.
05:09The report cites issues with independent regulation in Hungary, Greece and Poland.
05:15Our guest is Julie Marzerzak, head of Brussels Office of Reporters Without Borders.
05:22Should the European Commission open infringement proceedings that could even lead to sanctions against member states
05:32that resist implementing this new law?
05:36Member states have had more than a year to update their national laws, but most of them haven't yet done it.
05:45So, yes, I think it is time for the Commission to show its determination
05:52and, if necessary, to initiate proceedings against the most recalcitrant government.
06:00It's a test of credibility.
06:02Social media and the use of generative artificial intelligence, including in posts by political and business actors themselves,
06:13are increasingly defined the way people get news.
06:17So, isn't this law weak in addressing the problem of misinformation through those channels?
06:26There is one article in the MFA which supplements the Digital Services Act,
06:32but this doesn't solve the main problem, which is how social networks and their algorithm work
06:42by promoting, polarizing, divisive, shocking content, amplifying disinformation and marginalizing reliable media content.
06:53Concentration of media ownership in a few big corporations is increasing.
06:59What are the main risks of that and does this law address those risks?
07:05The EMFA introduces a new way to look at mergers.
07:10The assessment of mergers will have to take into account a number of criteria such as the expected effect on pluralism
07:20and the party's interest in other media sectors, the economic viability and the party's commitments to editorial independence.
07:31The European Federation of Journalists stated that influencers and bloggers that follow the ethical rules of journalism
07:39should be considered media service providers.
07:42Others argue that this could lead to abuse of a law designed for controlled and recognized media outlets.
07:50The future seems somehow misty for the media sector and the law intended to protect it.
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