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Short filmTranscript
00:00Hello,
00:30welcome to Gardener's World,
00:32and welcome back to Longmeadow after a few weeks away,
00:34when the weather has been as hot and as dry
00:37as I've known it in the last 30-odd years.
00:41And if you've got containers, you've got to water them.
00:44Otherwise, in the sort of heat and drought we've had,
00:47they will just frivel up and die.
00:49Now, that makes life tricky,
00:50because there are hosepipe bands, there are water meters,
00:53so it does mean using what water you need to use really carefully.
00:58And we haven't watered the borders at all.
01:01And the effect is beginning to become really noticeable,
01:04sometimes quite dramatic.
01:04So, for example, the big hornbeam balls that I planted in spring have suffered.
01:10The ones exposed to the sun are not looking good at all.
01:13The ones in the shade are actually looking fine.
01:16Just that difference of a few meters is transformative.
01:19And it's one of the many things we're learning about how plants react.
01:23Clematis, which I would expect to really not like this dry weather,
01:28are doing fine, because their roots are deep.
01:31These are all factors that we're having to learn about and piece together
01:36and try and adapt to the changes of weather that we are having to deal with.
01:41Now, coming up on today's programme.
01:46Ari visits a cut flower grower in Kent,
01:49whose plot is filled not only with floral beauty,
01:52but also a fascinating range of wildlife.
01:55Wow!
01:56We've got privet hawk moth, so...
01:59Look at those!
01:59That's our largest UK resident species.
02:02It's a good night for elephants.
02:04Wow!
02:05Elephant hawk moths.
02:07Is that your biggest ever hawk?
02:08I think this is the most elephants I've ever seen.
02:10Yeah, that's definitely peak elephant.
02:13We catch up with Jamie Butterworth
02:15as he puts the finishing touches to our RHS Chelsea dog garden
02:20in its final position at Battersea Dogs and Cats Home.
02:24Harold is doing exactly what you were talking about.
02:29He's using the garden, he's got a lot to explore,
02:32and he's taking it really slowly.
02:33He is.
02:34It's so lovely to see, genuinely.
02:36And we visit a grower who is a self-confessed obsessive
02:41about Echeveria's.
02:43This is Echeveria Madaba, and she is absolutely stunning.
02:48It's got beautiful wavy lines.
02:50Its leaves are almost metallic and shiny.
02:53It's just beautiful.
02:55It has to be said that Longmeadow is a wet place.
03:22We never get drought.
03:25Well, we never used to get drought.
03:27Plants are just shriveling up.
03:29Flowers have been going over much quicker.
03:31Obviously, the roses just went over almost overnight.
03:34And the other thing that's happened
03:36is quite a lot of things have held back.
03:39So, for example, normally by this time,
03:41the dahlias are really zinging with flower and colour,
03:45and one of our main jobs is deadheading.
03:47Hardly any have come into flower yet.
03:51Hemerocallis, untouched, not bothered by it at all.
03:54The yews which I planted are really suffering.
03:57I should be watering those more,
03:58and yet those are plants which I think of as tough as old boots.
04:02I have to confess that I don't know the answers,
04:05and I don't believe that anybody does.
04:07We'll share.
04:07Good boy.
04:21Now, obviously, when it comes to vegetables, water is essential.
04:25It's almost impossible to grow good vegetables
04:27without some kind of watering.
04:29But as with so many plants throughout the garden,
04:32what you water and when is key.
04:34For example, we've got fennel here, Florence fennel,
04:36a really great late-summer plant,
04:40but you have to water it,
04:41because once it bolts, which it will do
04:43if it feels too hot or too dry,
04:45then you can't go back.
04:47You can never reclaim the plant.
04:49So I have been watering the fennel.
04:52Now, the outdoor tomatoes are actually in the perfect situation.
04:56I've watered them once a week,
04:58and when I say water, they get a really good soak.
05:00But they're very happy.
05:02They like the heat.
05:03They're not suffering, so that's fine.
05:06But here's a really good example.
05:08The broad beans...
05:09I haven't watered, because I've never watered broad beans in my life,
05:12and they've suffered.
05:13And what we've got,
05:14and this is the first time this has happened to me,
05:16we've got very small pods
05:18with large, very mealy beans.
05:22And the pods are about half the size,
05:26often with just two beans inside,
05:28which, as broad beans go, is not what you want.
05:31You know, I love the young broad beans,
05:32and you get longer pods,
05:34and there's something succulent about it.
05:36These are dry, they're mealy,
05:38but by and large, broad beans are one of the worst years I've ever had.
05:42Now, this is Swiss chard.
05:44Now, Swiss chard is actually really good at adapting to drought.
05:48It's got deep roots, and it will survive.
05:52But that doesn't mean to say that it is plain sailing,
05:55because what it often does is bolt.
05:59And that means it throws up a flowering stem
06:03in an effort to produce seeds.
06:04If the plant feels stressed, and therefore it might die,
06:07the quicker it can reproduce, the better.
06:10So what you have to do is, as soon as you see it bolting,
06:15and this is the bolting stem here,
06:17and these will become flowers,
06:19is go right down,
06:22cut that off.
06:25Now, that can go on the compost heap.
06:26Look how limp the leaves are.
06:29When they're fully hydrated, they're crisp and full.
06:32So that slows down the process of the plant going into panic.
06:37As soon as we get enough water, this will survive.
06:40These plants, I can guarantee,
06:42I will still be harvesting next spring.
06:44However, if this had been lettuce,
06:47and I grow a lot of lettuce,
06:49once it bolts, that's it.
06:51It's a one-way valve.
06:52It's rather like fennel.
06:53You can't reclaim it.
06:54Cutting back the bolting stem is no good.
06:57So it's a question of planning the plants
06:59according to the weather and the soil,
07:01and responding where response is going to be most effective.
07:04Now, we're going to join Arit
07:09as she continues her journey around the country
07:12visiting growers of cut flowers.
07:14And last month, she went down to visit a grower in Kent.
07:18This year, I'm on a mission.
07:28I'm meeting some of the growers
07:29who are driving a homegrown revolution
07:32right here in the UK.
07:34There are many people growing their own,
07:40and I don't just mean vegetables,
07:41which of course is important,
07:43but those that are growing seasonal British cut flowers.
07:46And they're doing it for the love of flowers,
07:48but also for wildlife.
07:50I've come to Kent to meet Nate Moss.
07:57Being able to grow his own fresh flowers
07:59was the motivation to transform his garden into a business.
08:06I brought a pair for you, actually.
08:07You knew I'd love that.
08:09Yeah, it's hard to keep up with them
08:10this time of year, this week, please.
08:11They're just coming into their prime now, actually.
08:14You just need sort of 10 or 12 to stick in a vase,
08:17and it gives you a really lovely display.
08:19Brilliant.
08:20Have you always loved gardening, Nate?
08:22I have, yeah.
08:23I think literally since I was five or six,
08:26I've got memories of being outside
08:28and planting stuff and growing and designing spaces.
08:32I grew up in a military family,
08:34so we moved around every year or two
08:36and actually also grew up with undiagnosed ADHD and autism.
08:41So I think being outside
08:44is where I feel most myself.
08:47So when did you decide to turn the space over to cut flowers?
08:53I think it's maybe not turned over to cut flowers.
08:58I think cut flowers is a part of it,
09:00but actually a lot of the space is turned over to nature,
09:04and I think it's trying to find the balance, really.
09:07I've been here a couple of years,
09:09so I see myself more as a guest, really,
09:12than a sort of custodian.
09:14I guess it's about trying to be a good guest,
09:17not a gate crasher,
09:18and make room for everyone else.
09:20Yeah, I like that.
09:20I really like that.
09:22It is about being a guest.
09:23I think there's a growing interest
09:25in British flowers and local flowers
09:27that haven't been shipped from the other side of the world.
09:30You know, they know how they've been grown.
09:32They've been grown sort of more environmentally friendly.
09:35Yeah, which is so, I think, important now.
09:37Oh, Nate, this is just lovely.
09:49Put these down.
09:50Absolutely, yeah.
09:51I mean, what do you choose?
09:53How do you decide what to grow?
09:55So, I think a lot of what I'm growing here
09:56is sort of country garden favourites.
09:59You've got dahlias and snapdragons and cosmos
10:02and kind of the more traditional stuff
10:04that you would grow in a cut flower garden in this country.
10:07To help realise Nate's ambition to bring more wildlife in,
10:13he's begun growing a very different group of plants
10:15for his bouquets.
10:17So, it's early days,
10:18but these are all British native wildflowers.
10:21So, we've got the wild form agrostemma,
10:24which is corn cockle,
10:25and then we've got our native salvia,
10:28which is just starting to come out,
10:29the lovely purple blue.
10:30Ideally, what we want to do in terms of sustainability
10:33will be to grow almost like a cutting meadow.
10:37So, you've got plants growing in a community.
10:39They're going to need much less input from me.
10:42They'll be much more resilient.
10:43And that ambition is already growing into a reality.
10:49Well, this looks great.
10:51So, this was just a sort of bog-standard green lawn
10:54when we moved in a couple of years ago,
10:56and that's one of the first things we did,
10:58just let the grass grow and then cut it in the autumn
11:01and broadcast some wildflower seeds.
11:05So, this is, I guess, still an infant.
11:08Very much so, yeah.
11:09In some ways, but, you know, already, you know,
11:12seeing the butterflies dancing across it,
11:14I mean, it's doing its job.
11:15Yeah, as soon as the sun comes out on a day like this,
11:18you can start to see the meadow jumping,
11:20butterflies and bees, and, yeah, it just comes alive.
11:25And it's not just the daytime pollinators
11:27that Nate wants to attract to his garden.
11:29Yesterday evening, he set up a moth trap
11:32using a bucket and a light
11:34to see what other pollinators visit the garden at night.
11:41Wow!
11:43We've got privet hawk moth, so...
11:45Look at that!
11:46That's our largest UK resident species.
11:49It was a good night for elephants.
11:51Wow!
11:52Elephant hawk moths.
11:54Is that your biggest ever haul?
11:55I think this is the most elephants I've ever seen.
11:57Yeah, that's definitely peak elephant.
12:00It's the larval food that's so important, isn't it?
12:03Because often people are like,
12:04I don't like caterpillars,
12:06but they like, you know, butterflies
12:08and obviously the importance of moths.
12:10Most moths will have a single food plant
12:12that their caterpillars will eat,
12:14so with the privet hawk moth,
12:16that eats privet.
12:17Elephant hawk moth,
12:18their larva depends on rose bay willow herb,
12:21so that's a really important British native wildflower
12:23to grow in your garden if you want to see more elephants.
12:26Yeah.
12:27And what will you do with them now?
12:29So what I'll do now is I'll record the numbers and the species
12:31and then we can submit that to our local moth recorder
12:34and then this evening we'll let them go
12:36and they'll just fly off into the night.
12:38Brilliant.
12:38It wouldn't be a proper visit
12:41without creating a display from what's looking great now
12:44and Nate has a vase or three at the ready.
12:48We've got sustainable mechanics here.
12:51What I'm going to use is a pin holder
12:53that'll just give it a little bit more support
12:55for the size of the stems we've got
12:57and then just a bit of chicken wire
12:59which you sort of scrunch up.
13:01You can use that over and over again
13:02and just make a ball,
13:05pop it into your vase and push it down.
13:07So when you're picking cut flowers
13:08the ideal time to do it is
13:10first thing in the morning
13:11when it's nice and cool
13:12and they're well hydrated after the evening
13:14and then ideally you just let them condition
13:17for 24 hours in a nice deep drink of cool water.
13:23And just stripping off these lower leaves
13:25really just stops all of that
13:27going basically mouldy in the water
13:30keeping the stems nice and clear.
13:33So we've got some lovely meadow sweet here
13:36which is an ancient strewing herb
13:38they'd have used us back in the medieval time
13:40to dry and put on their bedchamber floors
13:43just because of the lovely fragrance of it.
13:46So this is a lovely rose bay willow herb.
13:52This is just celebrating
13:53lovely bright colour palette this time of year.
13:58That looks absolutely stunning, Nate.
14:00I love it.
14:01Thanks, man.
14:01I love it.
14:03Meadow in a vase.
14:04It's absolutely a meadow in a vase.
14:06The colours are just so gentle
14:09that pink and yellow
14:10I just adore it.
14:12I really love how Nate's passion for nature and wildlife
14:20has driven him to grow these British wildflowers
14:24alongside the more traditional cut flowers.
14:27You can really feel the love in every single stem
14:29and the great thing is that they haven't been flown across the world
14:33they haven't used any pesticides
14:35they've been grown here in this native soil.
14:38I have to say I am deeply jealous of those sweet peas
14:51because the drought has affected mine catastrophically.
15:06Nevertheless, they looked wonderful
15:08and I thought the arrangements at the end were simply magnificent.
15:12Lovely.
15:12Now, these are my potatoes.
15:16I planted these in early April.
15:18They have not had a drop of water at any stage in their growth
15:22other than the rain.
15:23They're charlotte.
15:24They're a second early,
15:25which means that they're ready from about the end of June, beginning of July.
15:29Now, what I will do is pull a little bit away like this
15:36and already we can see that some are coming up by hand.
15:47The soil is dust.
15:50Normally the soil sticks to your feet, it sticks to the spade.
15:53When you dig spuds, they are coated in mud
15:56and these are practically clean.
15:59You could almost just put those straight into water and cook them
16:02because the soil is so dry.
16:13Well, that's enough for lunch.
16:16And I have to say I'm really genuinely happy with that
16:18because no water, soil like dust,
16:22no care and attention at all.
16:25And look at them.
16:26Really nice potatoes.
16:28They'll store for about three months
16:29and make us very happy in the process.
16:41Mm.
16:42Now, inside the greenhouse,
16:45obviously, it hasn't just been hot,
16:47it's been really roasting.
16:49In here, it's been in the mid and high 40s day after day.
16:53And managing that can be quite tricky with interesting results.
16:57So something like the cucumbers haven't minded the heat at all.
17:01They're fine as long as they get enough water.
17:03I should harvest some.
17:05So let's have a couple for lunch.
17:07There, that will do.
17:08That one is a nice small variety called Passandra.
17:11The squashes, also a member of the cucurbit family,
17:16have really done well.
17:18I've watered these probably twice, maybe three times a week.
17:21They're absolutely incredible.
17:23But what we're aiming at are really good fruits.
17:26Now, each plant, I think,
17:28can cope with three fruits and no more.
17:31So at this stage, you want to start cutting back.
17:34Now, the first thing to do
17:36is to cut back foliage that's blocking light.
17:38So we can see there's a fruit there.
17:40That looks really nice.
17:42So if I take that out
17:44and that out.
17:48And, of course, what that's doing
17:49is letting light onto it.
17:51And that will help the ripening process.
17:54Come on.
17:55Now, you can see I've got masses of flowers.
18:10I haven't got very many fruits.
18:12But in order to have a fruit, you need a flower.
18:15So if I cut all the flowers off now,
18:17I won't get any more fruits.
18:19So I'm going to leave the flowers for the moment
18:22and see how they fruit.
18:24And then when I've got three per plant,
18:26I'll cut all the rest off and keep cutting them off.
18:28And the reason you do that
18:30is because flowers take energy.
18:32The plant wants to produce as many fruits as possible
18:36to maximise the opportunities of producing seed
18:39and therefore more plants.
18:41So by limiting the amount of flowers,
18:44we are focusing all the plant's energy
18:46into developing the fruits that it has.
18:48I've been away for a couple of weeks.
18:55And while I was away,
18:56someone very kindly watered the greenhouses for me.
18:59And on that side,
19:00because the tomatoes were younger,
19:02they didn't water so much.
19:04Over on this side of the greenhouse,
19:05bigger plants,
19:06they thought they needed more water.
19:07They watered every day.
19:09Now, that was too much water.
19:10And the result is this.
19:13You'll see these tomato fruits
19:16are horribly blackened.
19:18But they have one feature
19:20which is common to all of them.
19:22The discolouration is all at the bottom of the fruit,
19:27which is where the flower was.
19:29And this is called blossom end rot.
19:31And it's really quite common.
19:34This is very dramatic.
19:35This is the worst example I've ever seen.
19:38But sometimes it's just a general browning,
19:40a stain at the bottom of the fruit.
19:43And it's caused by lack of calcium.
19:47And it's not that there isn't enough calcium in the soil.
19:49But if you have too much water,
19:51it inhibits the plant from taking up that calcium.
19:55To make life complicated,
19:56if you have too little water,
19:57you can also get it.
19:58It's not something that's going to spread
20:00because it's caused by the cells collapsing.
20:03However, it's really easy to fix.
20:05Just change the watering regime
20:06twice a week, a good soak,
20:09and that's almost always enough for any tomato.
20:32Although we're in the middle of summer,
20:34it is important to start planning ahead
20:37and sowing seeds for autumn and winter veg.
20:42There are a few salad-y type crops
20:45that I always grow,
20:47which grow best in spring and in autumn
20:50and even in winter.
20:52And amongst them I've got here,
20:53I've got chicory, radicchio.
20:55I've got fantastic pala rossa radicchio.
20:59Slightly bitter, crisp, wonderful in winter salads
21:02and also really nice cooked.
21:04You wilt them.
21:05And they're delicious.
21:07I always grow rocket.
21:08Now, rocket doesn't like hot weather.
21:10So you can imagine it would have been hopeless
21:12over the last few weeks.
21:14Finally, I've got parsley.
21:15The technique is exactly the same for all of them.
21:18So, compost into a seed tray.
21:21Chicory, this is pala rossa.
21:24Now, I'm sprinkling the seed as thinly as I can.
21:28You can, of course, sow these direct
21:30and they'll grow perfectly well,
21:32except that the ground at the moment is so dry,
21:35so you've got to water well and keep watering.
21:37And you don't need a greenhouse.
21:40You can do this perfectly well on a windowsill.
21:43Gently press them in.
21:45All I'm doing is making contact
21:46with the seed to the soil.
21:48I'm not pressing down.
21:51And they need to be covered over.
21:53And it's just a light covering
21:55which lets a little bit of light through
21:58and also lets the moisture through.
22:00A label.
22:00And this is certainly something
22:07I'd get on and sow now.
22:08I wouldn't leave this any longer.
22:10Now, that will need watering
22:12and I'm going to dip that in a tray of water.
22:14So, we'll put that to one side.
22:30These need to be kept watered
22:48but not soaking wet.
22:49Just make sure they don't dry out.
22:50They should germinate in about 7 to 10 days' time,
22:53be ready to prick out in about 3 weeks' time
22:56and plant out in sort of about the middle of September.
23:01The rocket will be ready to harvest quite quickly,
23:03certainly by October, November.
23:05The chicory may well be something
23:07that you harvest in the middle of winter
23:09but I can tell you it will be very welcome.
23:11I love it.
23:13Now, one of the things I also love about gardens
23:15and gardening is that it allows
23:17for every kind of niche obsession.
23:21And we went to visit one grower
23:24who certainly comes into that category
23:26in North Lincolnshire.
23:36Hello.
23:37My name is Tracey Coogan
23:38and I am obsessed with Echeveria.
23:46I had an old book
23:48and it said in the old book
23:51that grey Echeveria
23:53soon becomes a major embarrassment
23:54due to lack of space
23:55and I stood in my little greenhouse thinking,
23:59I wish I were in that position.
24:0213 years later on,
24:04I've got four large greenhouses
24:06and I'm seriously embarrassed
24:08by the lack of space.
24:10Echeveria are just the most perfect genus.
24:22Unlike other succulents,
24:24there are so many different varieties
24:26and forms within the genus.
24:29You've got plants that have hairs on the leaves,
24:31compacted rosettes,
24:33we've got shrub-type plants,
24:34we have plants that look like ornamental cabbages.
24:37They come in every colour of the rainbow
24:40from pure snowy white
24:41through blues, greens, pinks, purples, blacks.
24:45They are just the most amazing plant.
24:48This is Echeveria polydonis
24:53and I would say
24:54it's possibly one of the most easily recognised plants.
24:59It's a species plant from Mexico.
25:01It's got beautiful, beautiful margins.
25:04It's tough, it's robust
25:06and it's one of the few plants
25:07that will cope with the British weather.
25:10It can manage sub-zero conditions,
25:13providing it's protected from the rain
25:15and it's not wet.
25:20This is Echeveria Madaba.
25:23She is absolutely stunning.
25:26It's got beautiful wavy lines.
25:28Its leaves are almost metallic
25:30and shiny and multi-turned
25:33in different lights.
25:34It picks up different hues.
25:36It's just beautiful.
25:40Ah!
25:45One of the things I love about Echeveria
25:52is the ease of propagation.
25:54This method, leaf propagation,
25:56is probably the easiest of all.
25:58You need to choose leaves
25:59that are healthy and plump.
26:02And simply
26:02give it a good
26:05wiggle.
26:06And the leaf will come off
26:10with a perfect C-shape.
26:13Use 50% compost
26:14and 50% grit
26:15and simply lay your leaves
26:17onto the compost.
26:19And you don't need to water now
26:21until they've developed roots.
26:22The leaf cannot absorb the water
26:24without roots.
26:26So adding water at this stage
26:27would just cause it to rot.
26:29Place them in a light, sunny position.
26:32You can do this at any time of year,
26:34but it's preferable to do it in spring.
26:36It gives the leaf time
26:36to develop a nice, strong little plantlet
26:38that'll get through
26:39the following winter.
26:42And within four or five weeks,
26:44they should start rooting
26:45and grow little heads
26:46that would be the perfect clone
26:48of the parent plant.
26:55This is
26:56one of the Echeveria raindrops varieties.
27:00It's a beautiful mutation
27:01that's got, like, little teardrops
27:03that are formed on the leaves.
27:05This form has drops
27:0652 weeks of the year.
27:08There are some forms
27:09that during the summer
27:10the drops are no longer visible
27:12and then they'll reform again in winter.
27:16Here's a beautiful plant
27:17called Echeveria skinneri.
27:19It's not something
27:20you'd associate
27:21as being Echeveria.
27:22It's got these beautiful tall stems.
27:25It grows very much like aeonium.
27:28And, much like aeonium,
27:29you can propagate it
27:30by cutting the heads off
27:33when they get too long,
27:34letting them call us over
27:35and putting them on.
27:43Their needs
27:44are really, really simple
27:45and basic.
27:47The only way
27:48you can really kill them
27:49is by over-watering.
27:51You need to use
27:51a really good quality
27:52potting compost
27:53and mix that
27:5550% potting compost,
27:5650% grit.
27:57You need to allow
27:58the compost to dry out completely
28:00before you water them again.
28:02So, during summer
28:03maybe water once
28:04every week to 10 days.
28:06They like
28:06a bright sunny position
28:08but would be
28:09really, really happy
28:10if you could give them
28:11a little bit of afternoon shade.
28:12At the first sign of frost
28:13you need to bring them in
28:14and dry them out
28:15and allow them to go into dormancy.
28:17Once it goes cold
28:18they won't take up water
28:20so watering them
28:21is pretty much pointless.
28:23Because
28:26propagating from leaf
28:28and head cutting
28:28just doesn't produce
28:29enough plants
28:30I've started hybridising
28:31my own Echeverias
28:33from seed.
28:34So, last year
28:35I chose
28:36Echeveria
28:38Shaviana peregrina
28:39and added it to
28:42a more robust plant
28:43Echeveria cuspidata
28:45with its beautiful
28:46pointy claws.
28:49The resulting progeny.
28:51Ooh, look at that.
28:52It's really lovely
28:55with its delicate
28:55peachy tones
28:56it's lovely pink claws.
28:58For all the plants
28:58I have in my collection
28:59it's different
29:00to anything else
29:01I've got.
29:04And another beautiful
29:06Echeveria
29:07is Echeveria linguis.
29:08People either love it
29:09or hate it
29:10there is no middle ground
29:11with it
29:11to the point where
29:13they can't stand
29:14to look at the
29:15caruncles
29:15and they find it
29:16the most disgusting
29:17stomach-turning plant
29:19to other people
29:20like me
29:20who think it's
29:21amazingly beautiful
29:22and you just want
29:23to get up close
29:24and personal
29:24and look at all
29:25the fantastic patterns
29:26on the leaves.
29:30They're really good
29:31therapy.
29:32It doesn't matter
29:32how you're feeling
29:33or what's happening
29:35in other parts
29:35of your life
29:36or the world
29:37you can come down
29:38to your greenhouse
29:38you can play with
29:39your plants
29:39for a few hours
29:40and you just
29:41forget everything.
29:56I now feel
29:57a bit inadequate
29:58about my own
29:59Echeverias
30:00because although
30:01they're lovely
30:01and really interesting
30:02and incidentally
30:03very easy to look after
30:05because as Tracy
30:06so brilliantly pointed out
30:07if they're not growing
30:08they don't need water
30:09and they don't need
30:10much water anyway
30:11they're wonderfully
30:12adapted to neglect
30:15if you like.
30:18Now this is a yew hedge
30:20that I planted
30:21from cuttings
30:23that I took
30:23some years ago
30:24deliberately to replace
30:26the box hedges
30:27that lined all the borders
30:28here in the Jewel Garden
30:29they're coming
30:30into being
30:31it's not yet
30:32what I would call
30:32a proper hedge
30:33but when I planted it
30:35they were completely
30:35individual plants
30:36they are growing together
30:37and you have to have
30:38an element of patience
30:39but the first thing
30:40I'd say
30:40is don't be frightened
30:42of yew as a hedge
30:44there is this belief
30:46that it grows very slowly
30:48it's going to take ages
30:49it's not true
30:51yew grows quite fast
30:52you can see
30:53that's this year's growth
30:54there's probably
30:55about 10 inches
30:56of growth on that
30:56it's going to be
30:57a minimum of 6 inches
30:58and can be up to a foot
31:00the secret
31:01is to cut the sides
31:03nice and tight
31:04even if eventually
31:05you want it to be wider
31:06because that will encourage
31:07lateral growth
31:08so the first thing
31:09I'm going to do
31:09is just start to cut
31:11the sides back
31:11and the thing about you
31:13and it's true of holly
31:14and box as well
31:15is the harder you cut it
31:17the denser it will grow
31:19and one of the measures
31:20of a compact hedge
31:21particularly a low one
31:22is so you can put
31:22your cup of tea
31:23with a saucer on it
31:25and it will balance
31:26like a shelf
31:27when you're cutting
31:33an evergreen hedge
31:34like yew
31:35it's best to do it
31:37between August
31:38and even November
31:40and that way
31:42they also will stay sharp
31:44really well into May
31:45and I would stress
31:47these have not been
31:48watered or fed ever
31:50what I do is mulch them
31:52in spring
31:53and that's been it
31:55now
31:58having done that
32:00and been along
32:00I can now think about
32:02doing the top
32:04I need to also do the inside
32:05but there's much less growth
32:07on that
32:08because that is north facing
32:09and you've got other plants
32:11so there's very little light
32:12getting to it
32:13so therefore it's not
32:14growing so well
32:14now when it comes to the top
32:16hip height is about right
32:18you can put a string
32:20you can get a level
32:21you can aim to get it dead right
32:23at this stage of its growth
32:25I just want to get
32:26a line
32:27and I can do that by eye
32:28so if I just
32:29go across like this
32:31and I can level it up
32:32a bit later
32:33that's very rough
32:45but it's early days
32:46it'll be another two or three years
32:48before that's a solid hedge
32:50and just remember
32:50all this came from cuttings
32:53so worth doing
32:54now at Chelsea this year
32:58I did my first show garden
32:59I say I did my first show garden
33:01it was very much a team effort
33:03and the key person
33:06who worked with me
33:08throughout this
33:08was Jamie Butterworth
33:10and we both agreed from day one
33:12we wanted it to be
33:13permanently placed
33:15a Battersea dogs and cats home
33:18and we're joining Jamie now
33:19as he's finishing off
33:21with the planting
33:22and preparing
33:23for its grand opening
33:24helping to bring
33:34Monty's RHS
33:35and BBC Radio 2
33:37dog garden design
33:38to life
33:38at Chelsea this year
33:39was an absolute honour
33:41for me as a plantsman
33:42it was a huge
33:45whirlwind of a project
33:46that got lots
33:48of attention
33:48it was an emotional
33:50rollercoaster
33:50and I loved
33:51every minute of it
33:53but the story
33:55of this garden
33:56is far from over
33:57the RHS
33:58and Monty
33:59were so passionate
34:00this garden brings
34:01as much joy
34:02to as many dogs
34:03as possible
34:04which is why
34:06it's coming here
34:07Battersea dogs and cats
34:09home in central London
34:10has been rescuing
34:12rehabilitating
34:13and reharing animals
34:14ever since 1860
34:16the operation
34:19to transfer
34:20the show garden
34:20from Chelsea
34:21to its forever home
34:22here has been going
34:23on for six weeks
34:24and now
34:25its royal grand opening
34:27is just five days away
34:29and I think
34:32we're in a pretty good place
34:35all the major structural bits
34:38from the garden at Chelsea
34:39are now here
34:40so all the trees
34:42have now been moved over
34:43the hard landscaping
34:44is all in
34:45so these are all the bricks
34:46that made the path
34:47at Chelsea
34:47we've redesigned it slightly
34:49because we needed to have
34:51an entrance area
34:53that the dogs could
34:54actually go onto
34:54in the first place
34:55and then on
34:56and into the garden
34:57the hedge that was
34:58at the back of the garden
34:59is now in
34:59and actually
35:00is doing a really
35:01important job
35:02because just a metre
35:03behind that hedge
35:04is a railway line
35:06it's really important
35:07to try and screen
35:08that out from the dogs
35:10over at the back
35:11of the garden
35:12we've got the most
35:13incredible team
35:14of volunteers
35:15from Battersea
35:16planting away
35:16but I reckon
35:17today
35:18maybe tomorrow
35:19we'll get those all in
35:20the garden at Chelsea
35:25was essentially
35:25a stage set
35:26a representation
35:28of a dog friendly
35:29domestic garden
35:30Monty wanted features
35:32that would suit dogs
35:33like the wallow
35:35plenty of shade
35:36and a nice thick lawn
35:37but it was on a scale
35:39and in a style
35:40to suit a typical back garden
35:42and a typical family
35:43we originally thought
35:47we'd be able
35:49to pretty much
35:49transpose
35:50the design from Chelsea
35:52into the garden
35:53here at Battersea
35:54but
35:55this is
35:56not only a completely
35:58different space
35:58but has
35:59completely
36:00different requirements
36:02here at Battersea
36:04to replace
36:05a simple patch
36:06of plastic grass
36:08the home
36:08wanted a place
36:10where the vulnerable
36:11rescued dogs
36:12get a chance
36:13to be outside
36:14amongst plants
36:15to explore
36:16and to feel safe
36:17I reckon
36:19we can do a clump
36:20of amistad here
36:21and a clump
36:21of amistad here
36:22if we get the key
36:23structural bits in
36:24first
36:25so
36:26I've been working
36:27closely
36:28with Battersea's
36:29lead horticulturalist
36:31Dawn Richards
36:32to make sure
36:32this is a garden
36:33that really fits
36:34their brief
36:35Dawn
36:36why is this garden
36:38so important
36:40to the dogs here
36:40well
36:41as you've probably seen
36:43it's a really
36:43urbanised environment
36:45here
36:46you know
36:47it's very built up
36:48and
36:49the dogs that are
36:50in kennels
36:50whilst
36:51we do provide
36:52the best enrichment
36:53and the very best care
36:54we can
36:55shelter life
36:56can be quite
36:57one dimensional
36:57so it's great
36:59for them to be able
36:59to get out
37:00experience
37:00sort of green spaces
37:02come into contact
37:03with nature
37:03and just sort of
37:04be able to make
37:05that sort of
37:05freedom of choice
37:06to explore
37:07I garden in a
37:09very different way
37:10to how I would
37:11say in my own home
37:12and when I place
37:13plants
37:13when I put plants
37:14in the ground
37:15in an area here
37:16I'm really thinking
37:17about how the dogs
37:18are going to interact
37:19in that space
37:20you know
37:20they're a lot lower
37:21to the ground
37:22than us
37:22so they're going
37:23to navigate
37:24through the garden
37:25differently
37:26and the enrichment
37:27benefits that
37:28they're going to
37:28gain from it
37:29is from touch
37:30is from
37:31you know
37:32the aromatics
37:33the smell
37:33so like the oregano
37:34so like the oregano
37:35absolutely
37:36and you know
37:37like if you
37:37like that's really
37:39powerful for a dog
37:40you know
37:41we think an awful lot
37:43about mindfulness
37:43about coming into
37:45contact with nature
37:46and how intrinsic
37:47that is for our own
37:48well-being
37:49but equally so
37:50you know
37:51with dogs
37:51they enjoy
37:53and need
37:53the same
37:54enrichment
37:55in terms of well-being
37:56that's massive
37:58you know
37:58massive
37:59to see if we're
38:02going in the right
38:03direction
38:03it's time to put
38:05the new garden
38:06to the test
38:06with the help
38:07of the canine
38:08residents themselves
38:10first up
38:11is Jasper
38:12yay
38:14there he goes
38:15he is picking
38:18his way through
38:19he's meandering
38:19and smelling
38:20which is really
38:22lovely to see
38:23he's using it
38:24exactly how we
38:25hoped dogs
38:26would use it
38:27he's getting the
38:28benefit of this
38:29environment
38:29but not
38:30free running
38:31burning off energy
38:32but engaging
38:34his brain
38:35and having a
38:35little nibble
38:36which is really
38:37really incredible
38:38to see
38:39if you've got a dog
38:40at home
38:41and you're wanting
38:42to try and replicate
38:43a bit of this
38:44what would your
38:44advice be
38:45I'd say
38:46you know
38:47if you can
38:48don't be so precious
38:49about your gardens
38:50allow your dog
38:51to use it
38:53place your most
38:54precious plants
38:54maybe to the back
38:55of the borders
38:56where the dogs
38:57won't necessarily
38:57you know
38:58walk on them
38:59or flatten them
39:00but also
39:02you know
39:02think about
39:02what dogs
39:03want from nature
39:04what they look
39:05for in nature
39:05they love
39:06a bit of shade
39:07maybe
39:08you know
39:08some water
39:09that could be
39:10a small child's
39:11paddling pool
39:11it could be
39:12you know
39:12a large bowl
39:14of fresh water
39:14every day
39:15am I right in saying
39:16there are particular
39:17colours
39:18that are best
39:19for dogs
39:20so that dogs
39:20can see
39:20yeah
39:21well dogs see
39:21on the blue
39:22and yellow spectrum
39:23so those are the colours
39:24that they can actually
39:25visually see
39:26you know
39:26things like
39:27marigolds
39:29and asters
39:29visually they will
39:30see them
39:31so it does give them
39:32a little bit more
39:32of a dynamic
39:33what's this
39:34what do you think
39:35there you go
39:37good boy
39:38good dance
39:39next to road test
39:41the new space
39:42Harold
39:43Harold again
39:48is doing exactly
39:50what you were talking
39:51about
39:52he's using the garden
39:54he's got a lot
39:55to explore
39:56and he's taking it
39:56really slowly
39:57he is
39:57it's so lovely
39:58to see
39:59genuinely
40:00Harold
40:01as we can see
40:02is you know
40:02a slightly
40:03more subdued
40:04character to Jasper
40:05and just watching him
40:07moving through the garden
40:08he's gaining confidence
40:09and this garden
40:10will provide that
40:12resource for so many
40:13of our dogs
40:14that are quite
40:14vulnerable
40:15are feeling a little bit
40:16you know
40:17in a new environment
40:18and unsure
40:18and then you give them
40:20something that's
40:21totally natural
40:22and as close to nature
40:23as you can get
40:24and they're going to
40:25use that
40:26and that's going to
40:27really really
40:27help them
40:28with their journey
40:29through the shelter
40:31into a new home
40:32these are the moments
40:33that you really realise
40:35what you do
40:35has a massive impact
40:37it's quite emotional
40:38it's a dream come true
40:40to know that
40:41this is here now
40:42for these dogs
40:44the legacy of the garden
40:47here at Battersea
40:48is something that's
40:48close to many
40:49people's hearts
40:50which is why
40:51its official opening
40:53is being done
40:53by Her Majesty
40:54the Queen
40:55so the day before
40:58the royal visit
40:59Monty arrives
41:00to give it
41:01the final
41:02once over
41:03Jamie I got here
41:04at last
41:04nice to see you
41:06how are you Monty?
41:07I'm fine
41:07I'm fine
41:08I'm looking around
41:09I'm relieved
41:11the planting
41:11looks good
41:12the garden's been
41:13open tomorrow
41:14by the Queen
41:15so we had a hard
41:16deadline
41:16and ultimately
41:18what I'd have loved
41:19to have done
41:19is cut back a lot
41:20of these plants
41:21as we plant them
41:21horticulturally
41:22it would have been
41:23so much better
41:24to give them
41:24a complete
41:25Chelsea chop
41:26Hampton hack
41:27and let them
41:28try and root down
41:29a little bit
41:30but we needed
41:31to look full
41:32it wouldn't be Monty
41:35if he didn't want
41:36a couple of tweaks
41:38but actually
41:39seeing the garden
41:41in situ
41:42here at Battersea
41:43feels absolutely right
41:45to me this is just
41:47it's morphed
41:48it's just shifted
41:49it's just
41:50sort of flowed
41:51across the Thames
41:52and arrived here
41:54and had taken up
41:55a different shape
41:55and obviously
41:56the final piece
41:58of this jukesaw
41:58will be
41:59Her Majesty
42:00coming tomorrow
42:00and opening it up
42:01and then I sort of
42:02feel fine
42:03off you go
42:04that's your life now
42:05it's closure
42:06yeah it's closure
42:07like a ship
42:07just sailing away
42:08you know
42:09and it leaves you
42:10and I
42:10I've done a few
42:12Chelsea gardens
42:12and we've relocated
42:13all of them
42:14but this is
42:14I think this is
42:16the most authentic
42:17nicest
42:17will
42:18it's going to have
42:20such a legacy
42:21seeing the garden
42:42come to its final
42:44resting place
42:44was deeply satisfying
42:45Jamie and I
42:46had worked on it
42:47over the past year
42:48so intensely
42:49for about
42:50two or three months
42:51we spoke over the phone
42:52about four times a day
42:53and went over
42:54every detail
42:55every conceivable
42:56square inch
42:57we both
42:59knew intimately
43:00and then for the queen
43:02and then for the queen
43:02to come and open the garden
43:04and for so many people
43:06and dogs of course
43:07to so obviously
43:09get pleasure from it
43:10was very satisfying
43:11and knowing that
43:13that garden
43:13is going to live on
43:14for years to come
43:16is a really good way
43:17to conclude
43:18my involvement with it
43:20back to reality
43:22and this area here
43:24which is really
43:25one big bed
43:26is dominated
43:27by species roses
43:28and the thing
43:29about species roses
43:30and I love them
43:31is that they all
43:32have small flowers
43:34tend to be single
43:35they tend to flower
43:36earlier in the year
43:38just once
43:39they don't repeat flower
43:40they flower on old wood
43:42so the wood that's grown
43:43the previous year
43:44and they tend to
43:45very often be quite big
43:47you can see
43:47although I pruned these
43:49last year a bit
43:49they're really big
43:51as roses go
43:52and I like that
43:53however they do need
43:54some pruning
43:55and some control
43:56and now's the time
43:57to do it
43:57because if you prune
43:59them in winter
43:59like normal shrub roses
44:02the new growth
44:03won't carry any flowers
44:04so when you prune
44:07go as low as you can
44:08and take the oldest
44:09material out
44:10so you can see
44:11I've got a nice
44:12old bit there
44:13if I take that
44:15like that
44:16I don't know
44:18if I can get it out
44:18in one go
44:19here we go
44:21see
44:24what I've got
44:26and I can hold this up
44:26that's always a whole
44:28rosebrush on its own
44:29the stems
44:30now that's a new stem
44:32I could have cut there
44:33and that would have been fine
44:34this is what will bear
44:37next year's flowers
44:38if I'd left it on
44:39this year's new growth
44:40so that's what we want
44:42to leave plenty of behind
44:43all this older stuff
44:45that can be chopped up
44:46and it could go
44:47on the compost heap
44:48now
44:50anything that's got flowers
45:01on it
45:01is not going to flower
45:03next year
45:03so I can take
45:05that back like that
45:06that can come out
45:08so let's go right down low
45:12I can just see a slight bud
45:14if I go above that
45:15it will regrow
45:16from that point
45:17I've taken off about half
45:35the plant
45:37and what I've left
45:38is going to give me flowers
45:40next year
45:40now this is not
45:41it's final size
45:43I want it to be bigger
45:44than this
45:45but that gives room
45:46for it to grow
45:47and I don't prune
45:48these every year
45:49at most every other year
45:51and actually on average
45:53about every three years
45:54by and large
45:55that is it
45:56that's all you need
45:57to do every three years
45:58your work is done
45:59we're going to go
46:01to one of your gardens
46:02now
46:02it belongs to
46:03Simon Farrell
46:04who lives not very far
46:05from here
46:06in Herefordshire
46:07and I think you'll find
46:08it's rather a special place
46:10Hello
46:25my name is Simon
46:27and welcome
46:29to my one acre
46:31patch of paradise
46:32in the middle
46:34of Herefordshire
46:35well 25 years ago
46:43I started
46:45to turn this
46:47into a nature reserve
46:49and a wildflower garden
46:51and basically
46:53it's evolved
46:54over that time
46:56every year
46:57being slightly different
46:58from the year before
46:59but unfortunately
47:01I now have
47:03this motor neurone disease
47:05so I rely very much
47:07on family and friends
47:09to help keep
47:11the pathways open
47:12down through the orchard
47:14and anyway
47:17follow me
47:20this border
47:32which is
47:34right outside
47:35the cottage
47:36is really
47:37starting off
47:39the herb
47:39herb garden
47:41and
47:43you can see
47:44the say
47:45and the apple mint
47:47and I've just
47:49added
47:49occasional garden
47:51plants as well
47:52but this year
47:54this tall
47:56thin
47:56mallow
47:57has appeared
47:58and
47:59this is the
48:00exciting thing
48:02about
48:03wildflower gardens
48:05is that you never
48:07know what's going
48:08to come up
48:09and it's such a surprise
48:11when I see these
48:13plants and flowers
48:15I think of those
48:17marvellous lines
48:19by William Blake
48:21to see the world
48:24in a grain of sand
48:25and heaven
48:28in a wildflower
48:29is to hold
48:31the universe
48:32in the palm of your hand
48:34and eternity
48:36in
48:36in an hour
48:40I think it's right
48:43maybe not
48:44yes a pond
48:57is central part
48:59of a wildlife garden
49:00and to have
49:03dragonflies
49:04come to your pond
49:06it's just
49:08it's just
49:10sort of
49:11wonderful
49:11beyond belief
49:12and there's
49:14so many
49:15different types
49:16and
49:17colours
49:18and forms
49:19and the way
49:21they hover
49:22and hunt
49:22oh
49:23there's a newt
49:24I've just seen
49:25a newt
49:26and before long
49:37a whole afternoon
49:39will have
49:41just
49:41keep by
49:42and my mind
49:58is full
49:58of the wonder
50:01of the tomorrow
50:02a newt
50:07and
50:07I've just seen
50:09a newt
50:10a newt
50:10who
50:11is
50:24a newt
50:24この
50:25や
50:25關
50:25ajud
50:26Thank you, Simon.
50:35Thank you for sharing your garden with us.
50:38Now, this is a Philadelphus, a mock orange.
50:43And until about three weeks ago,
50:45was a cloud of white flowers
50:47with some of the most distinctive fragrance
50:51you could get in the garden.
50:52I don't have a wonderful sense of smell,
50:54but just walking down here,
50:56you'd be bathed in this wonderful, wonderful scent.
51:00So, I want more,
51:02and the best way to get more is to take cuttings.
51:04So, if I go down there and take that,
51:07now, obviously, that is too long for a cutting,
51:10so I'm going to divide it up.
51:12I could probably divide it into three, actually.
51:15Go one, and then...
51:20just cutting there, two.
51:23And, as ever with cuttings,
51:26bring a polythene bag
51:27and pop them in.
51:29Even if you're going to go straight away to deal with them,
51:32it's going to help the longevity,
51:34and longevity is what it's all about.
51:36So, we've got those.
51:37I've got these cuttings in the bag,
51:50and now the important thing to do is to process them
51:54as quickly as you can.
52:07Have compost ready that has got a lot of perlite, sand or grit in it.
52:14You need drainage.
52:15You don't need nutrition at this stage.
52:17It's much more important that they have good drainage.
52:20So, that's ready.
52:22I've got these ready.
52:23I've got a knife to hand,
52:24and now we can take them out.
52:26This is the top, and you can see already that is very soft.
52:31And it's worth pointing out,
52:32the definition of a softwood cutting is, can you bend it?
52:35Is it soft enough to bend back on itself?
52:37So, if I just took that top, it would be a softwood cutting.
52:40Softwood cuttings strike very easily.
52:43However, they die very quickly.
52:47This, though, has got a base that is firmer,
52:50and you can see that if I tried to bend that,
52:52it's flexible, but it can't bend on itself, so it's semi-ripe.
52:56They're slower to take, but they're pretty reliable.
52:59They're less prone to dying back.
53:03So, I need to reduce the leaves.
53:08Now, these leaves would lose moisture,
53:10and if the plant loses too much moisture, it'll die
53:15before it has a chance to grow roots,
53:18and if it doesn't have roots, it can't take up any more moisture.
53:22It's a very simple equation.
53:23So, I've just left a few little leaves on the top.
53:27Clean it off by cutting below a node.
53:29Now, a node is simply a fancy name for where the leaves join,
53:33and if you cut just below the node with a sharp knife,
53:37that's the place where roots are most likely to form.
53:40Now, I need that to make a hole.
53:46So, I've sunk it in nice and deep.
53:48This one, I'll take the leaves off.
53:52That can go in.
53:57Taking these off.
54:04This is a more woody one.
54:05Water that, and put it somewhere protected from direct hot sunlight
54:17and being too wet or too windy.
54:20I will not touch these until next spring.
54:25However, I'm really confident that what I'll get next year is this.
54:30Because what I have here are a tray of Philadelphus
54:34that I took as cuttings this time last year.
54:36And you can see the result is, and they've been potted on into their own separate pots,
54:41really nice, healthy plants.
54:43Now, if you were to buy that in a garden centre,
54:46you would be looking in excess of £10 and maybe as much as twice that.
54:51I will probably plant these next spring
54:53when they will be up here.
54:56They'll have a good root system, nice big pot.
55:00And it's cost me absolutely nothing.
55:03And if that doesn't make you want to take a cutting,
55:04then I don't know what will.
55:06However, even if cuttings aren't your bag,
55:09here are your jobs for this weekend.
55:11At this time of year,
55:23plants grown in a container will need a bit of a boost
55:26in order to go on performing at their very best.
55:30I'm using a homemade comfrey tea,
55:32but I can recommend liquid seaweed too,
55:34which you can buy at any garden centre.
55:37Don't be tempted to mix it up stronger than the recommended dosage,
55:40and you only need to feed once a week,
55:43and this will make all the difference in the coming months.
55:51We tend to focus on the water needs of plants
55:55at times of heat and drought,
55:57but don't forget wildlife.
55:59A whole range of wildlife in your garden
56:02must have water too,
56:04and especially birds at this time of year.
56:07So if you don't have a bird bath,
56:09get a container,
56:11raise it up out of reach of any predators,
56:13and make sure it's topped up with fresh water daily.
56:16Because of the intense heat and drought of this summer,
56:26many of us have plants that look burnt to a frazzle.
56:31I'm afraid there's nothing to do but to cut them back hard.
56:37If you can, give them a good soak.
56:39They may well regrow this summer,
56:41but even if they don't,
56:43they'll be healthy and grow back next year
56:45as though nothing has happened.
56:54One of the major events in the garden this year
56:57is the rejigging of the jewel garden.
57:01Stripped it out last winter,
57:03gradually been replanting it throughout spring and into summer,
57:06and it's been quite tricky because of the weather.
57:08But some things have come really good,
57:11and the helleniums are just beginning to take off.
57:14This is sahin's early.
57:15They epitomise everything we're trying to do in the jewel garden,
57:19which is about richness and intensity
57:21and those velvety colours.
57:24And, you know, the caramel and the orange
57:27and the burgundy that come through
57:29is exactly the right tone.
57:32And bees love it too.
57:35It's just a joy.
57:37OK.
57:51Well, that's it for today.
57:54I think, on reflection,
57:57we have to learn to adapt as gardeners.
58:03The climate's changing.
58:04How our gardens are growing is changing.
58:06How we garden is changing.
58:08But we can still, whatever the weather,
58:11have beautiful, productive gardens.
58:14And that's to be celebrated.
58:16And next week, you're with Adam,
58:18and I'll see you back here at Longmeadow
58:20in a couple of weeks' time.
58:22So, until then, bye-bye.
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