¿Afectarán a las arcas rusas los aranceles de la UE a los fertilizantes?
Para reducir su dependencia económica de Rusia, la UE ha impuesto aranceles más altos a los fertilizantes y productos agrícolas. El objetivo es reducir los ingresos rusos, pero podría repercutir en los precios de los alimentos en la UE, lo que preocupa a los agricultores.
MÁS INFORMACIÓN : http://es.euronews.com/2025/07/23/afectaran-a-las-arcas-rusas-los-aranceles-de-la-ue-a-los-fertilizantes
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02:00Que por parte de los europeos, precisan de los fertilizantes y no tienen experiencia para usar.
02:05Tiene una compensación porque no pueden ser los agricultores y el consumidor final a
02:11estar con ese encargo.
02:13Euronews reporter Gerardo Fortuna nos ayudará a entender los impactos de estas medidas.
02:18El Estado impuso barreras en importaciones de productos russos desde la invasión de la
02:24Ucrania hace tres años.
02:26¿Por qué ahora el foco en los fertilizantes?
02:29There's a strong moral and strategical rationale.
02:34Russia imposes 23.5% export tax on fertilizers,
02:41which means that by buying these products,
02:44the EU is indirectly financing the war in Ukraine.
02:48And, of course, by imposing tariffs now,
02:51the main goal is to make unattractive for Russians to export these products,
02:55but also to European farmers to buy these products.
02:59European fertilizers sector welcomed the move, saying that they have been badly hit since the war.
03:07What is at stake for the domestic sector in terms of producing fertilizers?
03:12The European fertilizers manufacturers are deeply concerned about the Russian imports,
03:17because, of course, they are cheaper, particularly the nitrogen-based ones.
03:22And despite the war, there has been an increase of imports from Russia.
03:27There's also an environmental aspect because the production of fertilizers has roughly half of the carbon intensity of the Russian manufacturing of fertilizers.
03:39So by importing these fertilizers from Russia, we also drive emissions up.
03:43On the other hand, farmers are worried. Why are they so worried?
03:48And can the European Commission assume some mitigation measures for them?
03:53You have to balance the geostrategical interest with the real things that farmers are suffering.
04:00Of course, by imposing tariffs, you distort the market and you eventually drive prices up.
04:06There are some mitigation measures. At the moment, they're not considered good enough by European farmers to cope with the expected increase of prices.
04:18The most likely scenario is that actually farmers will be squeezed by the increase in production costs
04:24and the impossibility to raise the final price for consumers.
04:30Europe remains highly import-dependent.
04:32For nitrogen fertilizers, imports accounts for 32% of demand.
04:37To reduce the risk of price spikes, the EU could reduce tariffs on other fertilizer suppliers, such as the U.S. and countries in North Africa and Central Asia.
04:46Finally, the tariffs will not affect the transit of fertilizers and agri-food exports from Russia and Belarus to third countries
04:53in order to avoid disruption of supplies, especially to developing countries.
04:58Our guest is MEP Enese Vaidere from Centre-Right EPP Group and rapporteur on this regulation.
05:05Will the EU fertilizers producers have enough time to ramp up their production in order to meet demand and to avoid price spike of these products?
05:17You know, our fertilizers producers in European Union already now have lost a lot of their plants.
05:27They stopped their activities due to these cheap imports from Russia.
05:31And now, as we calculated, there's at least 3 million tons spare capacity over the 8 million tons which has been exported to other countries.
05:44If something happens, we can also turn to another mitigation sources, for example, to lift some export import duties from other countries.
05:56Farmers here rising food prices in terms of their own production. So can this be avoided or offset somehow?
06:08Commission is obliged to monitor every month prices because prices, this is also our interest.
06:15You, me, you are paying for agricultural products and if the prices rise, we will be paying more.
06:22So, Commission is obliged to monitor every month and to do something if this price increase will be dramatic.
06:31This could be subsidies or other types of support?
06:33Could be subsidies. From the beginning of the war already, if I am not mistaken, some 500 billion euros have been spent already to help the farmers.
06:47Commission knows what to do.
06:49The U.S. recently decided to cut all Russian fuel imports by 2028.
06:55Should the U.S. think about other ways in order to choke Russia's economy?
07:02You know, in my eyes, we have to do much more.
07:07And I am enthusiastic and I provided also the plan for European Commission how to confiscate the sources of Russian assets which are mostly in Belgium's bank.
07:20Now we can use for Ukraine only profit from these assets, but confiscation of these assets could help Ukraine more.
07:27Wonderful. Thank you very much, madam.
07:29Gas is an essential ingredient for fertilizer production, so the U is indirectly targeting this Russian asset as well.
07:38However, Russian is the world's largest producer of fertilizers with its main markets being Brazil, India, the U.S., China and Indonesia.
07:48Even so, for the EU, these are not only economic imperatives, but also ethical ones given the war in Ukraine.
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