00:00A first view, this train seemed incapable of keeping straight,
00:04even less of the road to live on the road.
00:07However, thanks to an engineering engineering, the Monorail Brennan
00:11was able to preserve an exemplary stability in the curves,
00:15surpassing even the classic trains.
00:18The concept of the day at the 20th century,
00:20under the impulse of the inventor Louis Brennan.
00:22He breveted his system, then managed a highway specially designed
00:26to exhibit this strange invention.
00:29Even though it seemed to be defy the laws of physics, it worked perfectly.
00:32However, this version of the Monorail won't ever fail on the commercial plan.
00:37Now let's examine the function of this machine.
00:40The Monorail was able to stabilize in a position a priori intenable,
00:45thanks to a gyroscope.
00:47Perhaps you remember, children, having played with a toupie.
00:50The principle is similar.
00:53When it is in rotation, the toupie generates what we call a angular moment.
00:57Even if you try to move it or move it, it will oppose a resistance,
01:01seeking to maintain its initial position.
01:03Today, the gyroscopes are integrated into many devices,
01:07such as smartphones.
01:08In these miniaturisers,
01:10the captures are recorded the least movement or change of orientation.
01:13So, when you make pivot your smartphone,
01:16the gyroscope allows the device to detect the evolution of the direction,
01:19which helps the device to reorient the affichage,
01:22in passing from portrait to paisage, for example.
01:26The core of the Monorail Brennan
01:28reposait on a system of gyroscopic analog.
01:31Two gyroscopes were installed on a platform
01:34located between the two sides of the main train,
01:36each turning in the inverse direction of the other.
01:38If the convoy went to pench slightly from one side
01:41because of an irregular terrain or an external force,
01:44the gyroscopes detected this inclination
01:46and produced a force contrary to the compensatory.
01:49This force redressait the train,
01:51the ramenant in a perfectly vertical position.
01:53This ajustement was done in continu,
01:55at the insu even of the passengers.
01:57The stability was like that,
01:59even if all the passengers were regrouped
02:01from one side of the wagon,
02:02the train preserved imperturbablement its balance.
02:05The driver, for his part,
02:07had no need to intervene
02:08to maintain the convoi in the axis of the road.
02:11The Monorail Brennan
02:12was also equipped with a original propulsion system
02:15that we find in some jouets.
02:17You remember these small cars
02:19that we took in the rear
02:20and that they fell out
02:21as soon as we relâchait?
02:22In the car,
02:23the workers proceeded in a similar way.
02:25They remonted manually
02:27the ressorts of the train,
02:28as well as the energy potential.
02:30The innovation major
02:32was in the way
02:33the way this energy was liberated
02:35with precision.
02:36When the train was running,
02:37the ressorts
02:39were stretched
02:40and actioned a mechanism
02:41of engrenage
02:42and of levier,
02:43converting the energy
02:44accumulated in propulsion.
02:46Even if the Monorail
02:47were considered
02:48less expensive to produce,
02:49more fast,
02:50more light,
02:51and better stability
02:52in the virages,
02:53they were never
02:54industrialized
02:55at large scale.
02:56The authorities
02:57of the time
02:58reduced the risks
02:59due to a loss
03:00of the gyroscopes
03:01not only equipment
03:03only the locomotive.
03:04Each wagon
03:05had to have its own
03:06own device
03:07and in case of panic,
03:08the whole
03:09would lose rapidly
03:10its stability.
03:11Certes,
03:12the Monorail
03:13had to have a stabilizer
03:15but the investors
03:16craignaient
03:17that they would not be able
03:18to deploy
03:19if a gyroscopic
03:20suddenly a gyroscopic
03:21did not disappear.
03:22The Monorail
03:23did not disappear.
03:24They still exist today
03:25under different forms.
03:26For example,
03:27this inverse model
03:28in Germany.
03:29In appearance,
03:30they don't transport
03:31their passengers
03:32the head in the bottom.
03:33They just glissent
03:34simply along
03:35the rails
03:36suspended.
03:37The road,
03:38fixed at the pylones,
03:39on the road,
03:40on the road,
03:41on the road,
03:42and other obstacles
03:43that would be
03:44a classic train
03:45and with the panoramas
03:46offered
03:47from this high height,
03:48the journey becomes
03:49unique and memorable.
03:50This German train
03:51was imagined
03:52as a response
03:53to a big problem.
03:54The city
03:55has increased
03:56difficulties
03:57with its own
03:58industry
03:59textile.
04:00He could not be able
04:01to access the
04:02highway
04:03because of its topography
04:04complex.
04:05His implantation
04:06near a
04:07valley
04:08made the construction
04:09of roads ferrées
04:10particularly
04:11tardies.
04:12One of the passengers
04:13of this train
04:14entered into the legend
04:15over the years 50.
04:16It was about Tuffy
04:17the elephant,
04:18becoming a small celebrity
04:19local.
04:20At the occasion
04:21of a promotion,
04:22the animal was
04:23embarked on board.
04:24In the case,
04:25it was a long time
04:26to get rid of it.
04:27It was a long time
04:28to get rid of it,
04:29the city
04:30of Tuffy
04:31and the sea
04:32of the river
04:33in a short way.
04:34In the case,
04:35the water
04:36of the elephant
04:37allowed to get rid of it.
04:38In terms of security,
04:39this train
04:40has been a long time
04:41for example.
04:42Until 1999,
04:43he was considered
04:44as the most safe
04:45transport transport
04:46in Germany
04:47having no number
04:48infine
04:49of incidents
04:50in a century.
04:51He had but
04:52especially in 2018
04:54when the earthquake
04:55of an electric cable
04:56on the stairs
04:57led to a service
04:58of 9 months.
04:59In the South,
05:00we find a
05:01monorail particularly
05:02original
05:03which seems to escalate
05:04the marches.
05:05It is located
05:06the marches of Somang,
05:07also called
05:08Marche des Voeux,
05:09an elegant escalier
05:10of 192 marches
05:11located in the district
05:12of Seo,
05:13in Busan.
05:14In 2022,
05:15the residents decided
05:16to install a small
05:17monorail
05:18to facilitate the déplacement.
05:19This initiative
05:20has a special importance
05:22for the inhabitants
05:23of the town,
05:24where the elderly people
05:25represent about
05:2630% of the population.
05:27This monorail
05:28s'étire
05:29on a distance
05:30of about 90 mètres
05:31which he parcours
05:32in 6 minutes
05:33on board
05:34of a small vehicle.
05:35It would be bad
05:36to neglect
05:37the ascension
05:38to foot,
05:39because each march
05:40consists of
05:41a work
05:43richly decorated
05:44of colors
05:45the monorail
05:46of visitors
05:47a vast panorama
05:48on the entire city.
05:49The inventors
05:50have also tried
05:51to construct
05:52two wheels
05:53throughout the history.
05:54Dès
05:55the years 50,
05:56the esprits
05:57innovators
05:58have imagined
05:59the gyrocars.
06:00These prototypes
06:01presented
06:02unique characteristics
06:03but their
06:04faults
06:05ended up
06:06as a big motorcycle
06:07but could transport
06:08two to four passengers.
06:09At the inside,
06:10they had a gyroscope
06:11as stable
06:12as the monorail.
06:13It affirmed
06:14that even if the carrosserie
06:15was damaged,
06:16the structure
06:17remained intact.
06:18Monter
06:19or descendre
06:20the vehicle
06:21did not compromise
06:22its stability.
06:23But these models
06:24were not examples
06:25of flaws.
06:26Prenons the gyron
06:27Ford,
06:28conceived in 1961.
06:29We could not drive
06:30a great speed
06:31and its construction
06:32was very expensive.
06:33It was just a research project
06:34never destined
06:35to a production
06:36in series.
06:37Unfortunately,
06:38the original prototype
06:39was destroyed
06:40in an accident
06:41in 1962.
06:42When the gyroscopic
06:43stopped,
06:44it was enough
06:45to push
06:46on a button
06:47so that
06:48a little bit
06:49or a sort
06:50of a little bit
06:51to be able
06:52to maintain
06:53debout.
06:54On the other models,
06:55the problem
06:56came from the start.
06:57Sometimes,
06:58three minutes
06:59to reach the maximum speed.
07:00Impossible
07:01to simply turn
07:02the key
07:03and go.
07:04Quant to the
07:05engine
07:06to be able
07:07to move
07:08the engine
07:09and become
07:10unstable
07:11at large
07:12speed.
07:13L'aérotrain
07:14proposed
07:15a totally
07:16inédit
07:17to transport.
07:18The key
07:19was to be able
07:20to be able
07:21to do
07:22the
07:23engine
07:24in the
07:25engine
07:26and the
07:27engine
07:28in the
07:29engine
07:30in the
07:31vehicle.
07:32The
07:33engine
07:34was to be able
07:36to reduce
07:37the energy
07:38and to
07:40reach
07:41higher
07:42speeds
07:43of
07:44the
07:45infrastructure
07:46needed.
07:47The
07:48channel
07:49and
07:50the
07:51system
07:52magnetics
07:53imposed
07:54the
07:55engine
07:56of
07:57the
07:58engine
07:59of
08:00the
08:01engine
08:02of
08:03the
08:04engine
08:05of
08:06the
08:07engine
08:08of
08:09the
08:10engine
08:11of
08:12the
08:14engine
08:15of
08:17a
08:18engine
08:19of
08:20the
08:22engine
08:23of
08:24the
08:25engine
08:26of
08:27the
08:28technology
08:29of
08:30their
08:31habitudes
08:32the
08:33engine
08:34of
08:36the
08:38engine
08:39of
08:40the
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