State exam science question #8 from 5th grade 2022 (released)

NGSS Science Videos

This video helps children prepare for state math exams by explaining how to solve a retired (released) question from an actual state exam.    - If you want to copy any of our more than 100 free Google Forms (all with questions and links to free-access educational videos we've made), then please download this free file from TPT and it will give you directions for how to access them: https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/State-Math-Test-questions-and-answers-as-a-Google-Form-2022-Q6-10-V2-11530867   Other free resources we've made:  - For links to many free educational resources, please visit our website (no 3rd party advertising, no subscriptions, no paywalls): https://TestPrepLLC.org/   - For our free apps for Apple's Mac and iPad (collects no data, no advertising, no subscriptions, no paywalls, no in-app purchases), please visit our page on the Apple App Store. These apps include Common Core and State based practice tests in math, and State science exams based on NGSS and State curriculums (all with detailed, colorful explanations): https://apps.apple.com/us/developer/test-prep-llc/id1727786893   Best wishes,  The staff at Test Prep LLC  https://TestPrepLLC.org

Transcript

00:00This video is part of a Google Form quiz that teachers can assign to their students for homework.

00:06After the students submit their answers, then they can play a video like this one to see the

00:10answer explained. We've made more than 100 quizzes as Google Forms with free access videos,

00:17which teachers are welcome to copy for free. To get access to these, please see the link in the

00:22description. If you've not already done so, we suggest that you watch the video for question 7

00:28before watching this video. This video is based on a question from an actual state exam.

00:34You may have one like this on your state exam. The text in tab A and tab B are the same as for

00:40questions 5 and 6. Please pause the video if you wish to read that information. Use all the evidence

00:47in tabs A and B to support the argument that the average beak depth of the medium ground finch

00:52can be affected by rainfall. Select the words that complete the sentences.

00:56Before we answer this question, we'll quickly rewrite the summary diagram which we made in

01:02question 6. We made this diagram since it helps us keep track of a lot of information in the text

01:07and figures. Now we can return to the question. In 1977, low rainfall resulted in only large hard

01:15seeds for finches to eat. The first part of the sentence says there was low rainfall. This is

01:22another way of saying dry year. We can also look at the graph and see that the year 1977 has much less

01:29rain than the years 1976 and 1978. Our summary diagram shows that the big purple box represents

01:36dry years. We can see that the big purple box only has large hard seeds. We found that information in

01:43the text for figure 2, which says, in dry conditions, only large hard seeds were available. This meant

01:50that finches with deep beaks were more likely to survive and reproduce. We know this statement is

01:56true because the text above figure 2 tells us that the scientists observed that finches with deep beaks

02:02could eat both small seeds and large seeds. However, finches with shallow beaks could eat only small

02:08seeds. This means the finches with shallow beaks may have died of starvation rather than survive.

02:15This caused the average beak depth to increase. Here's what likely happened in this ecosystem.

02:22In 1976, there was plenty of rain. Those wet conditions caused the small soft seeds to grow

02:28and the large hard seeds to grow. Finches with deep beaks and finches with shallow beaks had plenty to eat

02:35and survive. In 1977, there was very little rain. Only the large hard seeds could grow during those dry

02:42conditions. The finches with shallow beaks were unable to eat the large hard seeds, so the finches

02:49with shallow beaks died of starvation. In contrast, the finches with deep beaks survived because they were

02:56able to eat the large hard seeds. Finches with deep beaks had a survival advantage compared with finches with

03:02shallow beaks. The finches with deep beaks reproduced and their chicks inherited their deep beak traits.

03:09In 1978, there was plenty of rain. Those wet conditions caused the small soft seeds to grow

03:15and the large hard seeds to grow. But this time, the only finches that were alive were those who had

03:22deeper beaks that they had inherited from their parents. Their parents had survived the dry conditions

03:27because their parents had deep beaks, which gave their parents a survival advantage compared with the

03:32finches with shallow beaks who died of starvation. So, were unable to reproduce. Thanks for your attention.

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