00:00Probiotics are foods and supplements containing bacteria that help us when we take them in the right amount.
00:09Today, we are at the threshold of a new era in probiotics.
00:15Today, there's evidence that probiotics are good for preventing diarrhea when taking antibiotics,
00:23lowering high blood pressure, and lowering cholesterol.
00:26Their effect on the gut-brain axis can help with depression, anxiety, and stress.
00:33Probiotics can be used to prevent infections in the urinary tract and in the respiratory tract, the lungs,
00:42and in women with frequent vaginal infections.
00:45Some studies have reported beneficial effects in metabolic syndrome and obesity and diabetes mellitus.
00:53But there is one problem.
00:56Probiotics do not seem to work equally in all people.
01:01Much of the inconsistency we see with probiotics arises because scientists still do not know exactly how probiotics work.
01:13Billions of bacteria called the microbiota live in our bowel and help to maintain our gut health.
01:21Probiotics can affect these bacteria and change their numbers.
01:26But we still do not know exactly how and for how long they can alter these bacteria.
01:34We also do not know what dose of probiotics is needed to achieve a specific effect.
01:42As a result, there is a lack of standardization.
01:47Probiotic supplements come with different bacteria in different amounts, in different packaging.
01:55This is a major problem because studies have shown that the effect, the effectiveness of a probiotic depends on the strain of bacterium it contains.
02:09Two supplements may contain the same species of bacteria but with different strains.
02:17The construction of the capsule or pill is also important.
02:22The capsule has got to ensure that the probiotic is not destroyed by the stomach acid and reaches the bowel.
02:32The packaging must also ensure that the bacterium survives at least up until the expiration date.
02:42These problems are driving the development of new generation probiotics.
02:48These new generation probiotics will be tailored to do exactly what we need.
02:54Using special culture and gene splicing techniques, these new generation probiotics will be engineered to produce specific medications.
03:05They can be designed to produce antibiotics.
03:09That way, they will release the antibiotics when they get into the bowel directly where it is needed.
03:16And that will reduce side effects.
03:19Intriguing experiments are now being done to develop bacteria that will produce ACE inhibitors.
03:28ACE inhibitors are a popular type of medication that is used to control high blood pressure.
03:37Probiotics can be designed to display parts of viruses on their surfaces.
03:43When someone takes them by mouth, they will act as a vaccine.
03:50Studies show that the bacteria contained in the bowel of an overweight person differ from the bacteria of a lean person.
04:00Consequently, specific strains can be cultured to suit a person's own microbiota.
04:07We can formulate capsules with the specific strain that we need to correct any imbalance found in a particular person.
04:19As we move forward, probiotics will play an increasing role in our care.
04:25In the future, probiotics will play a central role in design of drugs and personalized medicine.
04:34I hope you found this information useful.
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04:43Until the next video, stay healthy and stay safe.
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