Executive orders: The presidential powers

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Transcript

00:00The U.S. government, like ours, consists of three branches of organization conceived to

00:04keep each other in check, with Congress in charge of creating and enacting legislation

00:09for all to follow.

00:10But the president holds a special power to unilaterally direct government policies, executive

00:15orders.

00:16This VOA feature shines the light on how it is wielded.

00:20The power of the pen.

00:23With just their signatures, U.S. presidents can issue executive orders directing the actions

00:28of the federal government without needing the approval of Congress.

00:33Executive orders have the force of law within certain limits.

00:37An order must specify what basis it has in either the Constitution or existing legislation.

00:45Even then, executive orders can be overturned.

00:49Courts can rule them unconstitutional.

00:51Congress can refuse funding for enforcing an order or pass legislation to invalidate

00:57it.

00:58And future presidents can undo an executive order by issuing a new one.

01:03Except for William Harrison, who died after one month in office, all U.S. presidents have

01:09issued at least one executive order.

01:12Some executive orders make history.

01:14Abraham Lincoln, 1863.

01:18The Emancipation Proclamation, Franklin Roosevelt, 1942.

01:23World War II internment of Japanese Americans, Harry Truman, 1948.

01:29Desegregation of the U.S. military.

01:33Franklin Roosevelt issued 3,700 executive orders during his tenure, more than any other

01:39president.

01:40While more recent presidents have averaged about 55 executive orders per year, few have

01:45issued any on their first day in office.

01:48Donald Trump, however, issued 26 orders immediately after being sworn in, surpassing the nine

01:54first-day executive orders issued by his predecessor, Joe Biden.

01:59Initially used mostly in wartime and emergencies, executive orders are becoming an increasingly

02:05important tool for presidents to shift priorities and change the way the federal government

02:10does business.

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