- 2 days ago
أكتوبر ليس نهاية الحديقة، بل بداية الموسم القادم. في هذا الشرح العملي يوضح إلياس كيف يمكن لزراعة الخريف أن تمنحك حصادًا مبكرًا، ومحاصيل أحلى بعد الصقيع، وتربة أقوى للربيع بدل ترك الأرض فارغة طوال الشتاء.
يستعرض الدرس 10 محاصيل مناسبة للزراعة في أكتوبر، من الثوم الذي ينام حتى الصيف القادم، إلى البصل والكراث الشتوي، والفول العريض والبازلاء القوية في المناطق المعتدلة. كما يشرح السبانخ، وخس الشتاء وسلطة الذرة، والكرنب والكرنب الأخضر، والفجل والجرجير والخردل تحت الغطاء، إضافة إلى محاصيل التغطية وأشجار الفاكهة والشجيرات والجذور المعمرة التي تُغرس وهي في سكون.
هذا محتوى زراعة وحدائق موسمي، مناسب لمن يبحث عن fall gardening، October planting, winter garden, cold-hardy vegetables، vegetable garden tips، وطرق إطالة موسم النمو في المناخات المعتدلة أو الباردة. كما يفيد محبي homesteading, backyard gardening, raised bed gardening, and seasonal planting guides.
SEO: إذا كنت تبحث عن gardening in October، best vegetables to plant in fall، cold weather crops، winter vegetables، garlic planting guide، cover crops for garden soil، أو tips for extending the growing season، فهذه الحلقة تقدم شرحًا واضحًا وعمليًا. مناسب أيضًا لمن يريد fall garden planning، beginner gardening tips، وطرق تجهيز الحديقة للشتاء بطريقة بسيطة ومفيدة.
يستعرض الدرس 10 محاصيل مناسبة للزراعة في أكتوبر، من الثوم الذي ينام حتى الصيف القادم، إلى البصل والكراث الشتوي، والفول العريض والبازلاء القوية في المناطق المعتدلة. كما يشرح السبانخ، وخس الشتاء وسلطة الذرة، والكرنب والكرنب الأخضر، والفجل والجرجير والخردل تحت الغطاء، إضافة إلى محاصيل التغطية وأشجار الفاكهة والشجيرات والجذور المعمرة التي تُغرس وهي في سكون.
هذا محتوى زراعة وحدائق موسمي، مناسب لمن يبحث عن fall gardening، October planting, winter garden, cold-hardy vegetables، vegetable garden tips، وطرق إطالة موسم النمو في المناخات المعتدلة أو الباردة. كما يفيد محبي homesteading, backyard gardening, raised bed gardening, and seasonal planting guides.
SEO: إذا كنت تبحث عن gardening in October، best vegetables to plant in fall، cold weather crops، winter vegetables، garlic planting guide، cover crops for garden soil، أو tips for extending the growing season، فهذه الحلقة تقدم شرحًا واضحًا وعمليًا. مناسب أيضًا لمن يريد fall garden planning، beginner gardening tips، وطرق تجهيز الحديقة للشتاء بطريقة بسيطة ومفيدة.
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LifestyleTranscript
00:00Most folk think October is the end of the garden, the time to pull everything up, tidy
00:05away, and shut the gate on growing till spring. And so they leave the ground bare and idle
00:11all through the fall and winter, wasting it. But the old gardeners knew a secret, that
00:17October is one of the most important planting months of the whole year, not for a crop to
00:23eat now, but to get a great jump on next year, so that while your neighbor is just starting
00:29his seeds in the cold of spring, you are already harvesting. There are things you plant in
00:35October that sleep through the winter and leap up first thing in spring, and things that
00:41grow all winter long sweeter for the cold, and things that feed and guard your very soil
00:47through the hard months. Today I will give you ten of them, quick, one after another, so
00:54keep up, for a garden planted in October is a garden a whole season ahead.
01:00I am Elias, and the old folk never let their ground sit idle if they could help it, and
01:06October is the month that sets up the next year. So let me hand you what to plant now,
01:12and why.
01:14Quick word before I go further. The old methods my family uses, there is more of it than fits
01:20in any one video. I gathered the whole of it into a book at EliasYoder.com. The book is the
01:27long version. If you want it, it is there. I will not mention it again.
01:33My grandfather planted his garlic every October without fail, the last great planting before the
01:40winter, and he used to say it was his favorite of all the year, for it asked nothing more of
01:46him
01:46than to be tucked in and left to sleep, and it woke in spring and grew him the finest bulbs
01:53while he hardly lifted a finger. The fall is for planting what the winter will tend for you, Elias,
02:00he would say. I have planted my garlic every October since. So let me hand you what he planted,
02:07and what I plant still. The first and the greatest October crop of all, the one you must not miss,
02:15is garlic. October is the very time to plant your garlic, and here is the beautiful thing of it.
02:22You plant it now in the fall, it roots down before the ground freezes, sleeps through the winter,
02:29and takes the cold it needs. And then come spring, it leaps up first thing and grows all summer to
02:37give
02:37you great fat bulbs the next mid-summer. For garlic needs that winter chill to split its clove into a
02:45full head, so it must go in the fall, and October is the month. So break a good bulb into
02:52its cloves,
02:53plant each one pointed end up, a few inches deep and a hand apart, in rich soil, mulch it over
03:00against
03:01the hard cold and leave it to sleep. Plant your garlic in October and reap a crop next summer you
03:09could get no other way. Two honest points on it. Plant only the biggest, fattest cloves from the
03:16outside of the bulb, for a big clove grows a big head and a small one a small. So eat
03:23the little inner
03:24cloves and plant the great outer ones. And in the cold country choose the hard neck kinds, which take
03:32a hard winter best, where the soft neck kinds suit the milder places, so pick the sort to your own
03:39cold.
03:40Big cloves, the right kind for your winter, planted in October. The second is onions and shallots,
03:48the overwintering kinds, for these too can go in now. You plant your onion sets,
03:54the little bulbs, or your shallots, in October in the milder places, and they root and sit through
04:01the winter and leap away in spring, ready far earlier and bigger than any you plant in the cold
04:08spring. So plant your hardy autumn onion sets and shallots now for an early jump, where your winters
04:15are not too fierce. An onion in the fall is an onion weeks ahead. The third is the broad bean,
04:23the fava,
04:24and the hardy pea, sown now to overwinter. In the milder country, you can sow your broad beans and
04:32certain hardy field peas in October, and they come up and grow a little, and then sit low and hardy
04:39through the winter. And the moment spring stirs, they are up and away, cropping weeks before any
04:46spring sowing could. So sow your broad beans and hardy peas in the fall for the earliest crop of all,
04:52in the places mild enough to carry them through. An autumn sown bean steals a march on the spring.
04:59The fourth is spinach, which overwinters beautifully, and here is where the old sweetening truth begins,
05:06so mark it, for it runs through the rest. Spinach sown now establishes in the fall and then grows on
05:14through the cold, and cold does a wonderful thing to spinach and the hardy greens. It makes them sweeter.
05:21For when the frost comes, the plant, to keep from freezing, turns its stored starch into sugar within
05:28itself, as a kind of antifreeze, and that sugar is why a frost-kissed spinach reef is sweeter and finer
05:36than any grown in the warm. So sow spinach now, a hardy, long-standing kind, and under a bit of
05:43cover,
05:44it gives you sweet leaves through much of the winter and a great early flush in spring. Cold-grown
05:50spinach is the sweetest there is. The fifth is the hardy winter lettuces and the corn salad,
05:57the mosh, those cold-loving salad greens most folk never heard of. For while the summer lettuce bolts
06:04and turns bitter in the heat, there are hardy winter lettuces and, above all, the little corn
06:10salad or lamb's lettuce that love the cold and grow right through the fall and winter when nothing else
06:17will, giving you fresh, sweet salad leaves in the dead of the year. So sow your hardy winter lettuce
06:24and your corn salad now under a cold frame or a bit of cover for green salad through the winter.
06:31Fresh
06:31salad in December is a wonder and the cold greens give it. The sixth is kale, the hardiest and sweetest
06:39of all the fall greens and the great prize of the cold garden. Kale sown in good time grows on
06:47into the
06:47cold, and here the sweetening is the most wonderful of all. For kale, after a hard frost, is a different
06:54food entirely. The bitter gone and a real sweetness come, so that the kale you pick in the cold of
07:01November
07:01and December, after the frosts, is the best kale there is, far better than any grown in the summer warmth.
07:08The frost that kills your tender crops makes your kale sweet. And here is a plain thing worth knowing,
07:16that this frost sweetening is why the old folk never rushed to pull their kale and their other hardy
07:23greens at the first cold, but left them standing out through the frosts on purpose, picking right off
07:30the frozen plant, for each frost only made them better, not worse. So where your fall is long enough,
07:37get your kale growing now for that sweet frost-kissed winter crop. Cut the outer leaves and it gives on
07:45and on. Frost sweetened kale is worth growing for alone. The seventh is collards and the other hardy
07:53old greens, kin to the kale and hardier still, which in the milder country carry right through the winter.
08:01Collards are the toughest leafy green there is, standing a hard frost that would end most things.
08:07And sweetened by it the same as kale, so in the warmer places, they feed you all through the fall
08:13and winter,
08:14the first frost not ending them, but bettering them. So sow or set your collards now where winters are mild,
08:22and they feed you through the cold. The hardy old greens are the stand-bys of a winter garden.
08:29The eighth is a last quick crop under cover, for the fastest growers can still give you a bite before
08:36the deep cold if you shelter them. The radish and the arugula and the mustard green grow so fast,
08:43three to five weeks, that sown now under a cold frame or a cloche or a bit of cover to
08:49hold the warmth,
08:50they may give you one last fresh crop before winter shuts down, and sweeter for the cool.
08:57So tuck a few fast radishes and salad greens under cover now for a last late picking.
09:03A cold frame stretches your season weeks past the open ground.
09:08Now the ninth is not a crop to eat at all, but to feed and guard your soil, the cover
09:14crop,
09:15and it is the wisest October planting of all for any bare ground. Rather than leave a bed bare and
09:22idle through the winter to wash and weed and wear out, you sow it thick with a cover crop,
09:28a winter rye or a hardy clover or a field of vetch that grows a green blanket over the soil
09:35and holds
09:36it fast against the washing rains, smothers the weeds, and then in spring you cut it down and dig it
09:43in or lay
09:44it on, and it rots and feeds the ground richly, a green manure. So never leave your beds bare through
09:51winter. Sow them with a cover crop in October to hold and feed the soil. A covered bed comes to
09:58spring
09:59richer, a bare one poorer. One honest care with a cover crop, that you cut it down and turn it
10:06under
10:06winter, or lay it flat in the spring, before it goes to flower and seed. For let it seed, and
10:13the very cover crop
10:14becomes a weed sown all through your bed. But cut in good time, it does nothing but good. So cut
10:22your cover crop at
10:23flowering, before it seeds, and it feeds your soil with never a weed. And the tenth, for those in the
10:31cold north where little will
10:32grow or over winter, is simply to plant the garlic and the cover crop, and then to prepare and plant
10:39for
10:39spring in another way, by setting out now the things that want planting in the dormant season, your fruit
10:46trees and bushes, and your rhubarb and asparagus crowns, and your spring bulbs. For the fall, with the
10:53ground still workable and the plant asleep, is the very best time to plant a bare root fruit tree,
10:59or a berry bush, or a crown, so it settles its roots over the winter, and leaps away in spring.
11:07So October is the month to plant your trees and bushes and perennial crowns, that they be established
11:13and away before spring. Plant your trees in the fall, and they are a season ahead. Now let me give
11:21you the
11:21one honest word that ties it together, for you must fit all this to your own country. In the milder
11:28places,
11:28much of this grows right on through the winter and feeds you. But in the hard, cold north, October is
11:36less about cropping through the winter, which little will, and more about getting the jump, the garlic and
11:42the trees and the cover crop that sleep through and wake early, and the overwintering things under good
11:49cover. So know your own winter, and plant October for what it truly is where you are, a feeding winter
11:57garden in the mild places, a jump on spring in the cold ones, but never an idle, empty ground.
12:04Fit it to your frost, but plant something, always.
12:08Now let me say a small, plain word, not a who-profits sermon, for a seed is no one's scheme.
12:15But notice that all of this, the October planting, costs you near nothing,
12:21and gives you what no money can buy in spring, a head start, a garden weeks ahead, sweet frost-kissed
12:29greens in the dead of winter, garlic and onions and beans leaping up first thing, soil fed and
12:36guarded through the cold, trees already rooting. There is a whole way of thinking that the garden
12:43ends in the fall, and all must be bought fresh through the winter, and begun anew from nothing
12:49in spring. And the old folk knew better, that October is a beginning, not an end. So folk come
12:56to think winter is a dead idle time for a garden, when it is the time that sets up the
13:02whole year to
13:03come. That old knowing, of planting in the fall for the jump on spring and the green of winter,
13:09is worth more than any early start money could buy. So there are 10 things to plant in October.
13:16Garlic, above all, to sleep through the winter and crop next summer. Hearty onions and shallots for
13:23an early jump. Broad beans and hearty peas to overwinter where it is mild. Spinach, sweetened by the cold.
13:32The hearty winter lettuces and corn salad for winter salad. Kale, sweetest of all after the
13:39frost. Collards and the hardy old greens for the mild winter garden. A last fast crop of radish and
13:47greens under cover. A cover crop on every bare bed to feed and hold the soil. And your fruit trees
13:55and
13:55bushes and crowns, set now to root over winter. Fit it to your own frost, but plant, for a garden
14:03planted in October is a garden a whole season ahead of the one left idle. Now I want to hear
14:09from you.
14:10Tell me down below whether you had ever known October was such a planting month and which of
14:16these 10 you will put in. And above all, whether you plant your garlic in the fall. For that one
14:22every
14:22gardener should. And tell me your county and how hard your winters run. For that decides which of these
14:29you grow on through the cold and which you plant just to sleep and wake in spring. I read every
14:35one.
14:36Next time I want to show you the putting of the garden to bed for the winter the old way,
14:41the clearing and the mulching and the cover cropping and the feeding of the soil through the cold,
14:47so that your ground rests covered and guarded and comes to spring richer than it went into the fall.
14:54The old people did not shut the gate on the garden in the fall and wait idle for spring. They
15:00knew
15:00October for one of the great planting months, setting in the garlic and the beans and the hardy
15:06greens and the trees and the cover crops that sleep through the cold or sweeten in it or wake early,
15:13so that their ground was never idle and their spring never started from nothing. There is a quiet
15:19wisdom in that, in seeing the fall not as the end of the growing, but as the quiet beginning of
15:25the
15:25year to come. The people who built this country with their hands knew that, and we are only just
15:31starting to remember it.