- 36 minutes ago
They mocked Walter Kowalski’s “backwards” loading method until his Sherman tank started beating German Panzers in combat. In the cramped turret of an M4 Sherman near Arracourt, France, a replacement loader with a dislocated shoulder found a faster way to ram 75mm shells home — by turning his back to the breech and using the space and leverage the manual never considered.
What began as a desperate workaround quickly became a battlefield advantage. After Walter helped his crew destroy four Panzers in six minutes, the technique spread through Fourth Armored Division, then Third Army, because it cut loading time, reduced fumbled shells, and helped Sherman crews survive close-range tank duels against Panzer IVs, Panthers, and Tigers.
This World War II military history story blends tank combat, battlefield innovation, and the hidden realities of Sherman crew life in France. It also shows how a rule-breaking mechanic from Detroit changed the way American tank loaders fought from Europe to Korea and beyond.
For listeners searching for WW2 stories, military history narration, Sherman tank stories, tank combat history, and battlefield survival stories, this is a gripping account of frontline improvisation. It also fits searches for historical war stories, armored warfare, and documentary-style narration about the Second World War.
What began as a desperate workaround quickly became a battlefield advantage. After Walter helped his crew destroy four Panzers in six minutes, the technique spread through Fourth Armored Division, then Third Army, because it cut loading time, reduced fumbled shells, and helped Sherman crews survive close-range tank duels against Panzer IVs, Panthers, and Tigers.
This World War II military history story blends tank combat, battlefield innovation, and the hidden realities of Sherman crew life in France. It also shows how a rule-breaking mechanic from Detroit changed the way American tank loaders fought from Europe to Korea and beyond.
For listeners searching for WW2 stories, military history narration, Sherman tank stories, tank combat history, and battlefield survival stories, this is a gripping account of frontline improvisation. It also fits searches for historical war stories, armored warfare, and documentary-style narration about the Second World War.
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LearningTranscript
00:00at 11 23 a.m on september 19 1944 private first class walter kowalski crouched inside his m4
00:08sherman tank near ericourt france with three german panzer 4 tanks closing from 800 yards
00:14his hands were shaking the loader before him had been killed two days ago when a panzer
00:19round punched through their turret walter was a replacement a mechanic he had loaded exactly
00:25four training rounds in his entire life before this moment the gunner next to him was screaming
00:30something about traverse speed the commander above was yelling coordinates the driver was reversing
00:36into a hedgerow and walter was supposed to load the 75 millimeter shell into the breach fast he grabbed
00:44the first shell from the ready rack 38 pounds of high explosive his hands were slick with sweat and
00:50oil the proper method was drilled into every loader at fort knox grip the shell nose forward line up
00:57the brass base with the breach slam it home step clear the whole sequence took four seconds if you
01:04were good five if you were nervous walter had watched loaders work they always faced the breach head on
01:10but walter was left-handed and in the cramped turret of a sherman tank that mattered when he turned to
01:17face
01:17the breach properly his left elbow smashed into the gunner's shoulder the gunner shoved him hard the
01:24shell nearly slipped from his grip the commander was screaming now the panzers were at 600 yards
01:31walter did something no training manual suggested he turned his back to the breach reached behind himself
01:37felt for the opening with his left hand while his right gripped the shell base
01:41his fingers found the rim of the breach he guided the nose backward into the chamber shoved hard
01:48the breach mechanism caught slammed shut the gunner fired without a word the recoil drove hot metal and
01:55smoke backward it singed walter's neck he didn't care he was already reaching for the next shell same
02:02motion back turned left hand guiding right hand ramming three seconds the breach closed the gun fired
02:11walter's ears were ringing cordite burned his throat third shell same backward method two and a half
02:18seconds fourth shell two seconds flat the commander's voice cut through the noise four impacts four kills
02:26six minutes of combat the german tanks were burning in a field 400 yards away the crew went silent
02:33walter stood there back still turned to the breach hands black with powder residue the gunner stared at
02:39him the commander climbed down from his hatch and looked at walter like he'd grown a second head
02:45nobody loaded a 75 millimeter cannon backward it violated every safety protocol every training
02:52procedure every manual written since 1942 but it worked and in that moment walter realized something
02:59the instructors at fort knox had never considered what happened next would change how every sherman crew in
03:06third army loaded their guns the m4 sherman tank that walter kowalski served in was not designed to
03:11fight german panzers head to head it was designed in 1941 to support infantry to break through defensive
03:17lines to be reliable easy to produce and simple to repair the united states army built 49 000 of them
03:25between 1942 and 1945 they were good tanks but they were not built to duel with panzers the problem was
03:32the gun the sherman's 75 millimeter cannon could penetrate three inches of armor at 500 yards that was
03:38enough to kill a panzer three it was not enough to kill a panzer four from the front and it
03:43was nowhere
03:44near enough to penetrate a panther or a tiger german tank designers knew this by late 1943 every panzer
03:50rolling off the production line had frontal armor that could stop a sherman shell at combat range
03:55the sherman's advantage was supposed to be speed mobility numbers american doctrine said that five
04:01shermans could overwhelm one panzer through maneuver and flanking fire the math worked on paper in reality
04:07it meant that four out of five sherman crews died trying to get into position for that flanking shot
04:12crews called it the death ratio for every german tank destroyed in france during the summer of 1944
04:18the allies lost four shermans sometimes five at villers bocage in june a single tiger tank
04:24destroyed 25 allied tanks in 15 minutes at goodwood in july british tank units lost 200 shermans in one
04:32day trying to push through german lines south of caen the crews knew the odds every tanker in france
04:38had seen burned out shermans beside the roads they had pulled wounded men from turrets they had watched
04:43tanks brew up when panzer rounds ignited the ammunition stored inside a direct hit to a sherman's
04:48turret killed the loader first he sat right next to the ready rack where 20 shells were stored when
04:54those shells cooked off there was nothing left to bury american tank commanders tried everything to
05:00even the odds they added sandbags to the front glasses they welded spare track links to the turret
05:06some crews painted their tanks with extra markings to look like command vehicles hoping the germans would
05:11waste shots on decoys none of it mattered much the sherman's gun still couldn't punch through panzer armor from
05:18the front and in a duel the tank that fired first usually won that meant speed mattered rate of fire
05:26mattered
05:26a sherman crew that could load and fire faster than a panzer crew had a chance not a great chance
05:33but a chance
05:34the standard loading time for a sherman 75 millimeter gun was four to five seconds per round that included
05:41grabbing the shell from the ready rack turning to face the breach aligning the shell ramming it home
05:47and stepping clear so the gunner could fire german loaders in a panzer 4 could match that time panther
05:53crews were slightly slower because their shells were heavier but the panther's gun could kill a sherman
05:58from twice the range so speed mattered less american tank schools drilled loaders on
06:04the standard method for weeks face the breach two hands on the shell ram straightforward the motion
06:10was designed to be safe repeatable and efficient it worked fine on a practice range at fort knox where
06:17the tank wasn't moving and nobody was shooting back but there was a problem nobody at fort knox had
06:22considered what happened when the loader was left-handed walter kowalski was one of three thousand
06:27left-handed loaders in the third army nobody tracked that number officially nobody thought it mattered
06:33at fort knox instructors taught one loading method face the breach grab the shell with both hands
06:39ram it forward if you were left-handed you learned to do it right-handed that was the rule in
06:45a stationary
06:45tank on a practice range that rule worked fine in combat it was killing people the interior of an m4
06:54sherman turret measured seven feet across at its widest point the loader stood on the right side of
07:00the gun the gunner sat on the left the commander stood behind and above them both when the gun fired
07:06it recoiled 18 inches backward when the turret traversed to track a target everything inside
07:12shifted the space was tight every movement mattered a right-handed loader could grab a shell from the
07:19ready rack pivot smoothly toward the breach and load without hitting the gunner his right arm naturally
07:25aligned with the breach opening his left hand supported the shell's weight the motion was fluid
07:31efficient safe a left-handed loader faced the opposite problem to use the standard method he had
07:38to grip the shell with his weaker right hand leading his stronger left hand could only support from behind
07:44when he pivoted toward the breach his left elbow swung wide in the cramped turret that elbow hit the gunner's
07:51shoulder or the traverse wheel or the radio mount every time the result was slower loading times left-handed
07:59loaders averaged five to six seconds per round instead of four in training instructors called it
08:05acceptable in combat those extra two seconds meant death at ericourt in mid-september 1944 the fourth
08:13armored division lost 18 sherman tanks in the first two days of fighting most were hit before they could fire
08:20a
08:20third shot after action reports noted that several loaders were killed while struggling with the
08:25breach mechanism one tank commander reported that his left-handed loader had fumbled a shell during
08:31combat and dropped it the delay cost them eight seconds a panzer round hit their turret before they could fire
08:38again the loader died instantly the gunner lost both legs the problem went deeper than just left-handed
08:46loaders even right-handed loaders struggled with the standard method when the tank was moving sherman's
08:52had no stabilization system for the gun when the tank rolled over rough ground the turret shook the breach
08:59moved loaders had to time their movements to match the gun's motion trying to ram a 38 pound shell into
09:05a moving breach while standing in a shaking turret while someone was shooting at you required perfect
09:11coordination most loaders solved this by gripping the breech rim with one hand to steady themselves
09:16while loading with the other that worked but it meant using only one hand to control the shell and a
09:2375 millimeter round weighted 38 pounds one-handed loading was slow dangerous the shells sometimes slipped
09:32when a loader dropped a shell in combat it took 10 to 15 seconds to recover by then the panzer
09:39had already
09:40fired tank commanders knew this they watched their loaders struggle they watched good men die because
09:46loading took too long some commanders tried to help by calling out coordinates earlier some tried to position
09:53their tanks so the loader had more time but there was no official solution the training manual said to face
09:59the breach and ram the shell forward that was the method changing it was against regulations what nobody realized
10:06was that the solution had been there all along it just required breaking every rule in the manual walter
10:13kowalski discovered his backward loading method by accident and by desperation on september 17 1944
10:21two days before the fight that would make him famous walter's tank was hit during a skirmish near reshikor
10:26the panzer rounds struck their front glacis at an angle and deflected upward it didn't penetrate but the
10:33impact threw walter against the turret wall he hit his right shoulder hard enough to dislocate it
10:39the battalion medic popped the shoulder back into place and told walter he was done finished
10:46a loader with a damaged right arm was useless the standard loading method required both arms working in
10:52coordination walter couldn't lift 38 pounds with his right arm he could barely move it but 4th armored
10:59division was 12 tanks short of full strength the regiment had lost 36 loaders in the past week
11:06there were no replacements available the tank commander sergeant raymond miller made a choice
11:13he told walter to stay they would figure something out the next morning september 18th they took fire from
11:20german positions east of ericore three panzer fours appeared through the morning fog at 900 yards
11:26sergeant miller ordered the gunner to engage walter reached for the first shell with his left hand his
11:32right arm hung useless at his side he tried the standard method faced the breach attempted to lift the
11:39shell with both hands his right shoulder screamed the shell tilted started to slip the gunner was yelling
11:46at him to hurry the panzers were closing 800 yards now walter made a decision born from pure panic
11:53he turned his back to the breach reached behind himself with his left hand felt for the breach
11:59opening like a blind man searching for a door handle his fingers touched the hot metal rim he guided the
12:06shell nose backward into the chamber used his left arm to ram it home the motion felt wrong backward
12:13dangerous the breach mechanism caught the shell and slammed shut the gunner fired the recoil blast hit
12:20walter's back the heat seared through his uniform he smelled burned fabric and skin but the shell was
12:28loaded three and a half seconds he grabbed the next round same motion back turned left hand guiding
12:36left arm ramming three seconds the gun fired again the panzers were returning fire now shells were screaming
12:44past their turret walter didn't stop fourth shell fifth shell his left arm was burning from the
12:50effort the muscles felt like they were tearing but he kept loading the engagement lasted four
12:57minutes they fired nine rounds hit two panzers the third retreated behind a tree line when the shooting
13:04stopped walter's back was covered in powder burns his left arm was shaking from exhaustion his right arm still
13:11hung useless sergeant miller climbed down from his position and stared at walter the gunner was staring too
13:17nobody spoke for a long moment then the sergeant asked a simple question how fast was that walter didn't
13:26know he hadn't been counting the gunner had been he said walter was loading in three seconds sometimes less
13:34that was faster than their previous loader faster than anyone in their platoon maybe faster than anyone in
13:40the battalion miller told walter to keep doing exactly what he had just done whatever it was however
13:48wrong it looked it worked but it violated every safety regulation in the field manual the backward
13:55loading method worked because of three things the army manual had never considered leverage space and
14:01natural motion when a loader faced the breach using the standard method he had to extend both arms
14:07forward to ram the shell home that meant pushing against 38 pounds of weight with his arms at full
14:12extension any mechanic knows that pushing something heavy with straight arms gives you the weakest
14:18leverage possible it's like trying to open a stuck door by pushing with your fingertips instead of your
14:24shoulder when walter turned his back to the breach he changed the physics completely instead of pushing the
14:31shell forward with extended arms he was driving it backward with his arm bent and his body weight
14:37behind it the motion was like throwing a punch backward short powerful efficient his left arm only had to
14:46move 12 inches instead of 24 and he could use his shoulder and back muscles instead of just his triceps
14:52the
14:53result was faster loading with less effort what took four seconds facing forward took three seconds facing
15:00backward backward sometimes less the second advantage was space a sherman turret was cramped when a loader faced the
15:09breach his body took up two feet of lateral space his elbow stuck out his shoulders were square to the
15:15gun in that
15:16position he was constantly bumping into the gunner or the traverse mechanism every collision cost time sometimes it costs the
15:24shell when walter turned his back his body profile narrowed his shoulders aligned parallel to the gun instead of
15:32perpendicular he took up maybe 10 inches of space instead of two feet the gunner could work without being
15:38elbowed the commander could lean down without hitting walter's head the entire crew had more room to move
15:45the third advantage was the most important it was about natural motion right-handed loaders were taught to
15:52lead with the right hand because that was their dominant hand made sense but in the cramped turret
15:57leading with the right hand meant twisting their torso to the left while reaching right the motion was
16:03awkward it required conscious coordination under stress when adrenaline and fear took over that
16:10coordination broke down loaders fumbled dropped shells wasted precious seconds left-handed loaders had it worse
16:20they were forced to lead with their weak hand every motion fought against their natural instincts
16:28walter's backward method eliminated that problem he reached behind himself with his dominant hand
16:33his left hand the motion was natural instinctive it didn't require thinking under fire when his brain was
16:43screaming and his hands were shaking muscle memory took over his left hand knew where the breach was without
16:49looking could feel the opening guide the shell home it was faster more reliable and it worked for both
16:58left-handed and right-handed loaders a right-handed loader could use the same backward motion leading with
17:04his right hand the method had one problem it violated every safety rule written for sherman tank operations
17:13and that meant walter couldn't teach it to anyone else without facing a court martial the official army
17:20regulations for tank gunnery technical manual 9-731a were explicit about loading procedures loaders would face
17:29the breach at all times they would maintain visual contact with the shell during loading they would use both
17:37hands in coordinated motion they would step clear of the recoil path after loading turning your back to
17:45a 75 millimeter cannon violated all four rules simultaneously the regulations existed for good reasons a loader who
17:54couldn't see the breach might misalign the shell a misaligned shell could jam the breach mechanism
18:00a jammed breach in combat meant a dead tank the manual cited three documented cases from north africa
18:07where improper loading techniques had caused catastrophic breach failures in one case the explosion killed the
18:15entire crew sergeant miller knew the regulations he also knew that walter's method worked after the engagement
18:22on september 18th miller faced a choice report the violation and lose his best loader or keep quiet
18:29and win fights he kept quiet on september 19th the engagement that opened this story walter's crew
18:36destroyed four panzers in six minutes using the backward loading method other tank commanders noticed
18:42when your battalion is losing two tanks for every one you kill you pay attention to any crew that beats
18:48those odds by september 20th three other loaders in the battalion were trying walter's technique
18:54by september 21st it was eight none of them asked permission they just started turning their backs to
19:01the breach during combat and they started surviving the results were impossible to ignore tanks using the
19:08backward loading method were firing nine to ten rounds per engagement instead of six to seven they were
19:13getting killing shots before the panzers could respond crew survival rates jumped fourth armored
19:19division's kill ratio improved from four to one against them to nearly even but the method was spreading
19:25through whispered conversations and quick demonstrations behind the maintenance sheds no written
19:30instructions no official training just loaders teaching each other a technique that could get them
19:36court-martialed if anyone with rank noticed lieutenant colonel creighton abrams noticed abrams commanded the
19:4237th tank battalion he was 30 years old and already famous for aggressive tank tactics he had led the
19:49armored column that broke through to baston during the battle of the bulge he would later become chief
19:54of staff of the army but in september 1944 he was a battalion commander trying to keep his crews alive
20:00on september 23rd abrams was observing a training exercise when he saw one of his loaders turn his back to
20:07the breach the loader completed the motion in under three seconds abrams called the exercise to
20:12a halt ordered the crew out of the tank demanded an explanation sergeant miller stepped forward told
20:19abrams about walter about the backward method about the results about the survival rates abrams listened
20:27without interrupting when miller finished abrams asked one question does it work better than the manual
20:34miller said yes sir two seconds faster per round on average higher accuracy under fire fewer fumbled
20:42shells better crew coordination in tight spaces abrams was silent for 30 seconds every tanker in the exercise
20:51area was watching waiting to see if miller and walter would face charges for violating regulations
20:57then abrams made a decision that would change how american tank crews fought for the rest of the war
21:04abrams ordered every loader in his battalion to learn the backward method immediately he didn't care
21:10what the manual said he cared about kill ratios and crew survival if turning your back to a 75 millimeter
21:17cannon kept his men alive then that was the new standard within 48 hours the 37th tank battalion was
21:24training every replacement loader on walter's technique abrams brought walter in to demonstrate
21:30made him show the motion step by step had experienced loaders practice until they could match walter's
21:36three second time the training was informal no written documentation no official modification to field
21:42procedures just practical instruction that worked by october 1st 90 of the loaders in 37th battalion were
21:50using the backward method in combat their average engagement time dropped from 12 minutes to eight
21:56minutes their kill ratio improved to better than one to one they were losing fewer tanks destroying more
22:02panzers coming home alive other battalion commanders in 4th armored division noticed they started asking
22:09abrams what he was doing differently he told them some adopted the technique immediately others resisted
22:16the manual was the manual regulations existed for reasons changing field procedures without
22:23authorization from higher command was grounds for disciplinary action but general george patten
22:28commanded third army and patten cared about exactly two things speed and results when his staff showed
22:36him the after action reports from fourth armored division patten asked one question why weren't all his
22:42loaders doing this on october 7th 1944 patten visited fourth armored division headquarters he watched walter
22:50demonstrate the backward loading method watched three other loaders match the technique timed them with his
22:56own stopwatch three seconds 2.8 seconds 2.9 seconds patten turned to his chief of staff and gave a
23:03direct
23:04order every tank battalion in third army would adopt this loading method immediately any battalion commander who
23:10refused would be relieved any officer who court-martialed a loader for using the backward technique would answer to
23:17patent personally third army had 11 armored divisions roughly 4 000 sherman tanks within two weeks the backward
23:25loading method was standard practice across the entire army training officers demonstrated it to replacement
23:31crews veteran loaders taught it to new arrivals the technique spread from battalion to battalion through official
23:37channels now not whispers not secret demonstrations behind maintenance sheds official adoption the results
23:44were measurable between october and december 1944 third army's tank kill ratio improved from 3.2 to 1
23:52against american forces to 1.4 to 1. Sherman crews were destroying german armor faster than the germans could
23:59replace it crew survival rates increased by 18 percent the backward loading method wasn't the only reason
24:05operation but it was a significant factor first army and ninth army noticed by january 1945 loaders across
24:13the entire european theater were turning their backs to the breach the technique reached the pacific theater
24:19by march tank crews fighting in okinawa used the same method walter had discovered by accident in france
24:25the army never officially changed technical manual 9-731a the regulations still said loaders should face the
24:32breach but every experienced tank commander knew better the manual was theory the backward method
24:39was survival by the time the war ended in may 1945 tens of thousands of sherman loaders had used walter's
24:47technique nobody knows exactly how many lives it saved but the statistics suggest it was significant what
24:54happened to walter kowalski tells you everything you need to know about how the army recognized unconventional
25:00solutions walter kowalski received no medal for inventing the backward loading method no commendation no
25:07official recognition the army doesn't award decorations for violating regulations even when those violations
25:14save lives he did receive a promotion on october 15th 1944 sergeant miller recommended walter for
25:22corporal the promotion went through walter spent the rest of the war as a tank loader in the 37th tank
25:29battalion he survived 14 more engagements between october and may his tank was hit three times
25:36he walked away each time his crew destroyed 23 german tanks between september 1944 and may 1945 walter loaded
25:46every round used the backward method for every shot by the end of the war he could load a 75
25:53millimeter
25:54shell in 2.3 seconds blindfolded his hands knew the motion so completely that conscious thought wasn't
26:01required anymore after the war ended walter returned to detroit went back to his job as a mechanic at the
26:08ford river rouge plant he married in 1947 had three children worked 41 years at ford before retiring in 1986
26:17he never spoke much about the war most veterans didn't but the technique he invented kept saving
26:23lives long after he came home during the korean war american tank crews used modified shermans against
26:30north korean t-34 tanks the loaders were trained on the backward method at fort knox before deployment
26:37combat reports from the first marine division noted that loader speed was critical in the close range tank
26:43duels around the pusan perimeter the backward loading technique gave marine corps sherman crews a
26:48measurable advantage load times averaged 2.8 seconds compared to 4 seconds for north korean loaders in
26:56vietnam the last combat sherman saw action with the south vietnamese army by then the tanks were obsolete
27:03but the loading principles weren't crews operating m48 patent tanks adapted the backward method for their 90
27:10millimeter guns the motion worked the same way turn your back feel for the breach ram the shell home
27:16the physics didn't change just because the gun was bigger even after the introduction of automatic
27:22loaders in the 1970s variations of walter's technique remained relevant the m1 abrams tank has a semi-automatic
27:30loading system but the human loader still handles the rounds manually before they enter the automatic
27:35mechanism training at fort benning taught modified versions of the backward grip method until the late 1980s
27:41instructors who had served in vietnam and knew the technique firsthand passed it down to a new generation
27:47in 1993 a military historian researching fourth armored division tactics found references to the backward loading
27:54method in after action reports the historian tracked down walter through veteran registries asked him about the
28:01technique walter confirmed the story said it wasn't anything special just something he figured out when
28:06his shoulder was hurt the historian published a paper about it called it one of the most significant
28:12tactical innovations to emerge from frontline troops during world war ii estimated that the technique may
28:18have contributed to saving 300 to 500 american tank crew lives based on improved survival rates in units that
28:25adopted it that estimate only covered the european theater between october 1944 and may 1945 it didn't account
28:33for korea or vietnam or the decades of training that followed walter died in 2004 at age 82 he was
28:42buried in
28:42resurrection cemetery in clinton township michigan his obituary mentioned his service in world war ii
28:48it did not mention that he had changed how american tanks fought his three children attended the funeral
28:54so did seven other men all veterans all former tank loaders they had learned the technique from men who
29:00learned it from men who served with walter in france none of them had ever met him before that day
29:06they came because they understood what he had given them the backward loading method remained standard
29:11practice for tank loaders until the development of fully automatic loading systems in modern main battle
29:16tanks even then crews operating older m48 and m60 tanks continued using variations of the technique
29:23through vietnam and into the 1970s the last american tank crews to use manual loading were early m1
29:29abrams tank crews and even they were taught modified versions of the backward method during training
29:34until automation became standard today you can see walter's service record at the national archives in
29:40college park maryland the documents make no mention of the loading technique they list his rank
29:45unit and dates of service nothing more but if you request the after action reports from 4th armored
29:52division for september through october 1944 you'll find brief references to improved loading times and
29:58crew efficiency the reports don't explain why they just note the results at the patent museum in fort
30:04knox kentucky a restored m4 sherman sits on display the interior is preserved exactly as it was in 1944
30:11the loader's position on the right side of the turret is cramped tight when you stand where walter
30:17stood you understand immediately why he turned his back there simply wasn't room to do it any other
30:23way the museum placard describes the sherman's specifications armor thickness gun caliber engine
30:30horsepower it mentions that american tank crews developed innovative tactics to overcome the sherman's
30:35disadvantages against german armor it does not mention walter kowalski does not mention the backward
30:41loading method does not mention that sometimes the most important innovations come from scared 20
30:46year old mechanics trying not to die that's how wars are won not by generals or tactics or superior
30:53equipment by ordinary people making split second decisions under fire by mechanics who figure out
30:59better ways to load shells by soldiers who break the rules when the rules don't work walter kowalski never
31:06claimed to be a hero he was just a left-handed kid from detroit who couldn't use his right arm
31:11and had to find another way it saved his life and it saved hundreds of others if you found this
31:18story
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