- 12 minutes ago
The Mightiest Gods of Egyptian Mythology: Ogdoad, Amun-Ra, Apep (Apophis), Ennead, Osiris, Isis, Horus, Seth, Anubis, Thoth, Sobek, Sekhmet, Bast (Bastet), Hathor | The Gods of Egypt | The Mightiest Gods Series 4.
Stories featured
1. The 8 Ogdoad of Egyptian mythology - The beginning.
2. Amun-Ra, the creator god of the sun - The creation of the universe, The myths of Ra/Amun-Ra.
3. Apep (Apophis), god of darkness & chaos - Amun- Ra and Apep, The myths of Apep.
4. The Ennead: Shu (the air) & Tefnut (the waters), Geb (the earth) & Nut (the sky ) -The birth of the lesser gods.
5. Osiris, god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life, and vegetation: The myth of Osiris and Seth.
6. Isis, goddess of healing and magic: The death of Osiris, Isis and Seth, Osiris and Isis, The birth of Horus.
7. Horus, god of kingship and the sky: Horus and Seth, The punishment of Seth, The myths of Horus.
8. Seth, god of deserts, storms, darkness, and chaos: The Banishment of Seth; Amun-Ra and Seth, The myths of Seth.
9. Anubis, god of the dead and mummification; the myths of Anubis.
10. Thoth, god of writing, magic, wisdom, and the moon: The myths of Thoth.
11. Sobek, god of the Nile, fertility and crocodiles: The Myths of Sobek.
12. Sekhmet, lioness goddess of war: The myths of Sekhmet.
13. Bastet (Bast), goddess of protection, pleasure, and the bringer of good health: The myths of Bastet.
14. Hathor, goddess of love, beauty, music, dancing, fertility, and pleasure: The Myths of Hathor.
* Egyptian mythology stories complete.
Stories featured
1. The 8 Ogdoad of Egyptian mythology - The beginning.
2. Amun-Ra, the creator god of the sun - The creation of the universe, The myths of Ra/Amun-Ra.
3. Apep (Apophis), god of darkness & chaos - Amun- Ra and Apep, The myths of Apep.
4. The Ennead: Shu (the air) & Tefnut (the waters), Geb (the earth) & Nut (the sky ) -The birth of the lesser gods.
5. Osiris, god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life, and vegetation: The myth of Osiris and Seth.
6. Isis, goddess of healing and magic: The death of Osiris, Isis and Seth, Osiris and Isis, The birth of Horus.
7. Horus, god of kingship and the sky: Horus and Seth, The punishment of Seth, The myths of Horus.
8. Seth, god of deserts, storms, darkness, and chaos: The Banishment of Seth; Amun-Ra and Seth, The myths of Seth.
9. Anubis, god of the dead and mummification; the myths of Anubis.
10. Thoth, god of writing, magic, wisdom, and the moon: The myths of Thoth.
11. Sobek, god of the Nile, fertility and crocodiles: The Myths of Sobek.
12. Sekhmet, lioness goddess of war: The myths of Sekhmet.
13. Bastet (Bast), goddess of protection, pleasure, and the bringer of good health: The myths of Bastet.
14. Hathor, goddess of love, beauty, music, dancing, fertility, and pleasure: The Myths of Hathor.
* Egyptian mythology stories complete.
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00:07Music
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00:38We'll see you next time.
00:58Once upon a time, the universe was an infinite empty mass of chaos and nothingness, for there
01:05existed nothing.
01:07Actually, there existed something.
01:10The cosmos was not all that empty, there existed four pairs of primordial beings, four pairs
01:16of ancient forces, forces from which every other thing would come to be found.
01:21They were the primeval waters, the infinite eternity, the gloomy darkness, and the invisible
01:28air.
01:29The water was called Nun, his female form, Nornit, and he had no end.
01:35He could not be measured or fathomed.
01:38He was an abyss, a primeval watery abyss.
01:42The eternity was called Her, his female form, Hauhet, and he was an existence outside of
01:49time.
01:50An existence without an end.
01:52He was the infinite time, a time without limit.
01:57The darkness was called Kuk, his female form, Kauket, and he was the primeval night which
02:04concealed all with the veil of its being.
02:06That dark which pervaded all before light came.
02:10He was the ancient night, the primordial gloom.
02:15The last of these forces was the invisible air, and the last would come to lead the rest.
02:21This invisible air was called Amun, his female form, Amunet, and he was that most revered
02:28force which gives life.
02:29That which is everywhere but cannot be seen.
02:33He was the creative life force, the hidden, yet omnipresent one.
02:39These eight primordial deities were known by one name.
02:42They were called the Ogdod, which means the Eightfold, and were worshipped by early Egyptians
02:48in a place called Kamanu, or Magna, which means the City of the Eight.
02:54Thus, they are the Ogdod of Kamanu.
02:57But when the Greeks came to Egypt, they modified this name to suit their belief system, changing
03:04it from the Ogdod of Kamanu to the Ogdod of Hermopolis, which means the Eightfold of
03:09the City of Hermes.
03:11But why Hermopolis?
03:13Why call it the City of Hermes?
03:16Why Hermes of all the other Greek gods?
03:19Because the city, Kamanu, was the major cult center of the Egyptian god, Thoth.
03:25It was a city built by Thoth to worship the most ancient Eight.
03:30And who is the Greek equivalent of Thoth?
03:34Hermes.
03:35It is.
03:36So isn't Hermopolis quite fitting?
03:39It is.
04:00They call him the Hidden One, the one who is everywhere but cannot be seen, the Lord of Truth, the
04:08Father of Gods.
04:09The creator of animals and mankind, the Lord of things that are, the creator of the staff of life, the
04:17amalgamation of two powerful deities.
04:21Amun Ra was formed by the fusion of two ancient deities, Amun and Ra.
04:28Amun was the primordial god of the infinite air, a member of the powerful Ogdod of Hermopolis, who sat at
04:35the very top of the pantheon.
04:37While Ra was the bright shining god of the sun, who blessed all that breathed and lived with his life
04:44giving rays.
04:45Bright as the sun and proud as the eagle, Amun Ra is the supreme god of Egyptian mythology and the
04:53protector of ancient Egypt.
04:55Known by different other names and equal to no other, he was a self-created deity, the patron of pharaohs,
05:04the benefactor of mankind, the caretaker of the poor and troubled, the king of men and gods alike.
05:12In the beginning, there was nothing but eight most ancient deities, known as the Ogdod, the primeval waters, Nun and
05:22Nornet, the eternal time, Hare and Hauhet, the gloomy darkness, Kuk and Kaukut, and the hidden air, Amun and Amunet.
05:34Amun became independent of the other primordial beings, rising to prominence and absolute power.
05:41He rose above the Ogdod and could no longer remain a part of them.
05:46He had become whole, and that which is whole cannot remain a part.
05:52Thus, there needed to be a replacement in order to maintain the balance of the eightfold.
05:57Have you ever heard of the saying, that the number four, represents balance?
06:03And so, there came another primordial force, there came void, a void known as Nir, his female form called Nirt.
06:14They say the infinite air of a moon gathered and condensed into a cosmic egg, incubating for many years.
06:21And when this cosmic egg hatched, out came Amun, more powerful than ever, a creator god in his own right.
06:30The Ogdod bowed before him, hailing him with realm-shaking howls, for he had the power to create and destroy,
06:39the power over life, death and resurrection.
06:43Amun went forth to shape the universe as he pleased.
06:47From the primeval waters of Nun, he called forth the shining sun, and called him Ra.
06:54Amun fused with the sun, and became Amun Ra, combining the invisible force of the air, with the visible majesty
07:02of the life-giving sun.
07:04He became an all-encompassing deity, a god without limits.
07:09He would also come to fuse with many of his godly descendants, becoming the omnipresent, omnipotent and omniscient one, seconding
07:19no other, past, present, and future.
07:23When Amun Ra had shaped the universe, he saw that all was perfect, and the sight of such wonders made
07:30him cry.
07:31His tears fell to the earth and became humans, mortal beings he was proud of, but not for long.
07:38For as time passed, the humans became wicked and selfish, and Amun Ra grew angry with them for their atrocious
07:46acts.
07:47When he could no longer tolerate their wickedness, he summoned one of his daughters, a ferocious lioness called Sekhmet, and
07:56sent this wild lioness into the world to make humanity suffer.
08:00After Sekhmet had caused massive destruction and bloodshed, Amun Ra decided to save the remaining humans, so they could bring
08:09forth a new generation of offspring, a better generation.
08:13But even at his command, Sekhmet would not stop killing.
08:18She had gone out of control, she had become obsessed with bloodshed.
08:24Amun Ra turned a river into red wine, in a trick to calm this beast.
08:30And Sekhmet, thinking the red river was blood, drank so much of it, that she became so drunk, and fell
08:37asleep from intoxication.
08:39Amun Ra then absorbed her back into his divine eye, ready to unleash her again, when the need arises.
08:48Amun Ra's favorite form is that of an eagle, the form in which he often appears, with the strong muscular
08:55build of a man, and the lofty majestic head of an eagle.
08:59He wears the golden sun over his royal headdress, appearing in all glory and splendor, the solar disk being his
09:08most significant symbol.
09:10During the golden age, Amun Ra ruled all of Egypt through the pharaohs, and revealed his will through the oracles
09:18and priests.
09:19He shared a symbiotic relationship with the pharaohs, the pharaohs deriving their divine powers from Amun Ra, in return for
09:29spreading his cult and worship far and wide.
09:32Whichever pharaoh went contrary to his will, suffered severe difficulties.
09:38Amun Ra had an arch enemy, whom he was in constant eternal battle with.
09:44This arch enemy, was Apophis, the great evil serpent, also known as Apep, who sought only one thing, to destroy
09:53the world.
09:54To swallow the universe into his dark being, into eternal night.
09:58Where only darkness, death, rot, wickedness, evil and suffering, would prevail.
10:26Did you know that every day the sun went down, there was no absolute certainty that it would rise again?
10:34Did you know that each day the greater moon Ra sailed the sun through the sky, from dawn to dusk,
10:40descending into the underworld.
10:42He was never sure he would make it out through the night.
10:46Why?
10:48Because, as he passes through the darkness of the night, he is attacked by a serpent so enormous that it
10:54could circle the earth.
10:56This serpent, is Apophis, some call him Apep, and there, in the deep dark underworld, he lays in wait, every
11:06single night, with only one intent, to kill a moon Ra and prevent sunrise.
11:12Again, why is that?
11:15Once upon a time, when the universe was yet unformed, there existed only eight primordial gods, so you have heard.
11:24But did you know that somewhere in that empty universe, in that vast chaos, existed yet another deity?
11:33Somewhere in that abysmal cosmos was Apophis.
11:37But he was not like the Ogdo.
11:40He was a deviant, who revelled in only darkness and chaos, for that was what he personified.
11:47Thus, when a moon replaced the chaos with order, Apophis was greatly annoyed.
11:53This new universe, he hated.
11:56The life and beauty, he loathed.
12:00Worst still, when a moon Ra created the sun, placing it in the center of the cosmos, the serpent knew
12:07he could no longer remain in the celestial planes.
12:11For the light burned through his darkness.
12:13It dispelled the night.
12:15It dispelled Apophis.
12:17The serpent withdrew to the one place where this evil light could not penetrate, the underworld.
12:24And there, he remains ever since, patiently waiting for a moon Ra, with whom he has sworn eternal enmity.
12:33Apophis has only one purpose.
12:35He would kill a moon Ra, and all life shall end.
12:39He would swallow his great ball of light, and the universe shall be returned to its initial state of eternal
12:46darkness.
12:47A moon Ra did not realize how much of a threat Apophis was, until he battled and killed the serpent,
12:54only for it to come back to life, larger and stronger.
12:59The sun god returned to the underworld the following night, and to his dismay, met this very serpent he had
13:06killed the night before, still alive, but more vicious looking.
13:11Time and again, a moon Ra would kill Apophis, and time and again, the serpent would come back to life.
13:20Apophis was becoming increasingly difficult to handle.
13:23Every night that passed, he was becoming stronger with each death, and the threat he posed to the world was
13:31becoming more imminent.
13:33Thus, thenceforth, whenever it was time for a moon Ra to pass through the underworld with the sun, many of
13:40the other powerful gods would accompany him through the night, for they could no longer stand by and wait for
13:47this great evil to come for them all.
13:49And cursed be the night that a moon Ra falls to this serpent, for they would no longer have a
13:54prayer.
13:56Even though the gods killed Apophis every night, cutting him up to pieces, the serpent regenerated and became whole before
14:04the next night, ready to resume the war.
14:07How long could this continue?
14:10Alas, alas, the gods could not end Apophis, but Apophis could end them.
14:17Apophis only needs one moment of luck, just one night of luck, and that would be it.
14:23All will be as he wants.
14:40As a moon Ra proceeded to create the world, he opened his mouth, and out of it poured a massive
14:46body of water.
14:47This water was called Tefnut.
14:50From his nose, he breathed out a puff of air so dry, yet so cool and refreshing.
14:56This air was called Shu.
14:59From the union of Tefnut and Shu, came the dry lands and the vast sky.
15:05The dry land called Geb, and the vast sky called Nuit.
15:09Geb and Nuit became locked in an intimate embrace, and would not let go.
15:16But a moon Ra saw that if these two were not separated, this home he was making, would be uninhabitable.
15:23So he commanded Shu, the dry air, to separate Geb and Nuit.
15:29Stepping in between the two, Shu pushed Nuit far up into the high, while standing on Geb, so that he
15:37stayed pinned below.
15:38Shu remains in this position, thus, forever separating the earth and the sky.
15:46Nuit conceived from her union with Geb, and when it was time, she brought forth four lesser deities, Osiris, Isis,
15:55Seth, and Nephethes.
15:57These four lesser deities, along with the four elders and their creator, would collectively be known as the Ahmed, the
16:06great nine of Egyptian mythology.
16:27Osiris, god of fertility and agriculture, god of the dead and afterlife, god of life and resurrection, son of Geb
16:36and Nuit.
16:37But, the lord of silence, he, who is forever benign and youthful.
16:43Once upon a time, as the eldest child of Geb and Nuit, Osiris ruled ancient Egypt as king, with his
16:52sister wife, Isis, by his side, as queen.
16:55He taught his people how to farm and cultivate the lands, and how to live peacefully with one another.
17:03He was kind and strong, loved and respected by the people, far and near alike.
17:10There was only one person in the entire kingdom, who harbored deep hatred for Osiris.
17:17It was his brother, Seth.
17:20Seth had grown greatly jealous of his brother's fame and power, and so began plotting to kill him, and usurp
17:27the throne.
17:29One night, as everyone slept, Seth quietly crept into the king's bedroom, and measured Osiris's body from top to bottom,
17:38and from side to side, careful not to wake him, or his queen.
17:42At the coming of dawn, Seth took the measurements to a carpenter, who then carved a magnificent wooden chest, polished
17:51and decorated with sheets of gold.
17:53The next night, Seth threw a huge party, inviting the pharaoh, Osiris, as guest of honor.
18:01The powerful Isis was to accompany her husband to this strange party, but knowing fully well that he could not
18:08carry out his wicked plan with the goddess around, Seth convinced Osiris to leave his wife behind.
18:15It was a night for the men.
18:17Just the men.
18:18How cunning.
18:19The night was spent feasting, singing, dancing, and playing games.
18:26For the final game, Seth brought out the magnificent wooden chest, proclaiming that the first person to fit perfectly into
18:34the chest would be allowed to keep it.
18:37One by one, each of Seth's friends climbed into the chest.
18:41Of course, no one was able to fit in, for it was not made for them.
18:47It was made perfectly for Osiris.
18:50The pharaoh of Egypt was not one for child's play.
18:54He was known for his austerity, and chose not to participate in the game.
18:59However, Seth and his accomplices, convinced him to try his luck.
19:05One night of fun and games, would do him no harm.
19:09Seth said.
19:10But it would.
19:11It would do him great harm.
19:14Osiris stepped into the chest and lay down.
19:17The chest fit in perfectly, just as planned.
19:22And just as Osiris settled into it, Seth slammed the lid and sealed it shut.
19:28He carried the chest down to the Nile river and dumped it in, knowing that the pharaoh would not survive.
19:36The pharaoh struggled for air.
19:38Right until his organs failed him, he had suffocated.
19:42In Egypt, Osiris is also known as Osir.
20:08Isis, mother of all gods, queen mother of ancient Egypt, goddess of magic and healing.
20:15Daughter of Geb and Nuit, sister and wife to Osiris, and sister of Seth and Nephethes.
20:23She is better known as Orset in Egypt.
20:28Once upon a time, Seth killed his brother, Osiris, and usurped the throne, discarding his brother's body in the Nile
20:37river to be washed away.
20:38Oh, how terribly sad Isis was when she heard the news of her husband's death.
20:45Rushing to the riverbank, she desperately searched for her husband's body, and after several days of searching, she found the
20:54wooden chest that Seth had buried him in.
20:57Opening the chest, Isis broke down in tears as she saw the cold dead body of her beloved.
21:04Isis knew she had to perform the proper rituals that would allow her husband to pass on to the afterlife,
21:10so she left him shortly in order to gather the materials needed for the ritual, hiding the corpse in the
21:17river grass, away from sight, till she returned.
21:21But while she was away, Seth visited the riverbank to make sure Osiris's corpse had been washed away.
21:29But to his alarm, he found the chest wide open on the shore. Nothing was in it.
21:37Furious, Seth began searching for the corpse. He knew this was Isis's doing. What was that witch up to now?
21:44Was she going to use her magic to try bring the dead back to life? Seth wondered. If Osiris came
21:52back to life, it would surely mean his doom, and all his efforts would have been in vain.
21:58To ensure that never happened, when Seth found the corpse in the river grass, he cut it up into 14
22:05pieces, some say 26 pieces, scattering the pieces all over Egypt, so they would never be found.
22:14On her return to the riverbank, Isis saw that someone had removed her husband's corpse. She knew who had done
22:22it, and she knew what he had done.
22:25Transforming into a huge bird, Isis flew over all of Egypt for many nights, until she recovered all the pieces.
22:34With the help of her sister, Nephthys, the god of mummification, Anabes, and the god of wisdom, Thoth, Isis reassembled
22:44all the pieces to make it whole once again, wrapping the body in strips of fine linen, creating a mummy
22:50at that moment.
22:52On the night of the full moon, Isis used her powerful magic to resurrect her husband. It was as Seth
22:59feared, but not quite.
23:01Her magic would only last for one night, and Osiris would return to the land of the dead.
23:08Isis spent those few hours with her husband, conceiving a son that night.
23:13Her son would be called Horus, and when he comes of age, he would battle his wicked uncle for his
23:20rightful place as Pharaoh of Egypt.
23:44Horus, God of kingship and nobility, God of the high skies, The falcon-headed lord, The one who is above,
23:54The one who is distant, Son of Osiris and Isis.
23:58When Horus was born, Isis hid him in the marshland of the Nile, protecting him from the poisonous snakes, scorpions,
24:08crocodiles and wild animals of the Nile, but most importantly, from the eyes of Seth.
24:13As Horus grew, he learned to ward off the dangers of the Nile by himself, killing the reptiles and all
24:21manner of beasts that threatened him and his mother.
24:24And by the time he became an adult, he was strong enough to challenge his uncle, Seth, for the throne.
24:33Horus confronted Seth, and a violent battle began.
24:37They were evenly matched, and Horus was in his prime, full of youth and vigor.
24:44During the fight, however, Seth gouged out the left eye of Horus, throwing it down from atop where they fought.
24:52The eye, magically became a living symbol of its own, possessing the power to heal and restore.
24:58They call it the war jet, which means the eye of Horus.
25:04Although left with one eye, Horus was still able to best Seth, emerging victorious in the vicious battle.
25:12Because Seth had wrongly killed his brother and forcefully taken over the throne, he was deemed guilty and unfit to
25:20rule.
25:21Thus, Seth was banished forever, and Horus became the new king, restoring peace and order once more in all of
25:30Egypt.
25:31This is the story of Horus.
25:54Seth, god of the deserts and foreign lands, god of violence and disorder, god of storms, eclipses, and earthquakes.
26:05The frightening one, son of Geb and Nuit, brother to Osiris, Isis, and Nephethes.
26:12Once upon a time, Seth ruthlessly murdered his brother, Osiris, and claimed the throne of Egypt, commanding the obedience of
26:22his subjects with fear, force, and harsh punishments.
26:26His reign of terror did not last for too long, for his brother's son, Horus, challenged and defeated him in
26:34combat, becoming the new ruler, and banishing Seth from the realms of men, for eternity, as payment for his crimes.
26:42With nowhere to go, Seth wasted in a no-man's land, until Amun-Ra took pity on him and relieved
26:51him of his penance.
26:53Ra adopted him as his son, and there, Seth swore eternal allegiance to his benefactor.
27:00To the surprise of all, Seth proved he was never truly an evil being.
27:06He became the thunder in the sky, protecting Ra from the dark serpent, Apophis, during his nightly travels through the
27:15underworld.
27:16He became the loyal servant of Amun-Ra, and like his master, the mortal enemy of Apophis.
27:24So why had Seth been wicked, up to this moment, and what made him change?
27:30Seth was once a child, born into a royal household, but perhaps, he never received the love and importance his
27:38elder brother Osiris enjoyed.
27:40He watched from the shadows as Osiris, heir to the throne, was always showered with praises, care, attention and goodwill,
27:50while he was mostly ignored.
27:51He gradually grew jealous, and it poisoned his heart.
27:57Perhaps, with Amun-Ra, it was different, he was finally important, useful, loved.
28:04As god of the barren deserts, Seth never had any children with his wife and sister, Nephethes.
28:11And now, as a formidable warrior god, who restrained the forces of darkness, the respect for Seth, grew, over and
28:20outside Egypt, particularly among pharaohs.
28:45Anobis, god of death and mummification, god of embalming and the afterlife, god of cemeteries and tombs.
28:53Anobis, guardian of the dead and the underworld.
28:56Being one of the most iconic gods of ancient Egypt, the ancient Egyptians originally knew him as Onpu, or Inpu,
29:05and he appeared in the oldest mastabas of the old kingdom and the pyramid texts, as a guardian and protector
29:12of the dead.
29:14Onpu so much piqued the interest of foreigners, especially Greek visitors, and it was then the Greeks gave him the
29:22name, Anobis.
29:25Anobis is a half-man, half-canine, having the head of a wolf or a jackal, and the body of
29:32a man.
29:33Wild dogs and jackals often lurked the edges of the desert, near graves and cemeteries, where the dead were buried,
29:41and it is thought that the first Egyptian tombs were constructed to protect the dead from these lurkers.
29:47But in contrast to wild dogs and jackals, Anobis was a protector of graves and cemeteries.
29:55He has a shiny black fur, closely linked to fertility and rebirth in the afterlife, long and alert ears, terrifying
30:04fangs and sharp claws, and red glowing eyes, or in most myths, black bead like eyes.
30:13Initial myths claimed that Anobis was the son of Ra and Hesat.
30:17However, later myths suggested that he was the son of Osiris and Nephethes, some say Seth and Nephethes.
30:26Other myths described him as the son of Bast, because of her link to the perfumed oils used in embalming
30:33the dead.
30:34Anobis had a wife, named Anput, who is just his female version.
30:40And the two, bore the serpentine Kybeshe, goddess of purification.
30:46Anobis was originally known as the god of the underworld in the first dynasty.
30:52But by the middle kingdom, around 2055-2650 BC, he was replaced by Osiris in his role as lord of
31:02the underworld.
31:03So he became associated specifically with the embalming process and funeral rites.
31:09One of his prominent roles was as the guide of souls.
31:13It was he, who ushered souls into the afterlife.
31:18He led the deceased to the halls of Mart, where they would be judged.
31:23He attended the weighing scale, during the weighing of the heart, in which it was determined whether a soul would
31:30be allowed to enter the realm of the dead.
31:32He watched over the whole scale weighing process, and ensured that the weighing of the heart, was conducted correctly.
31:41He then led the innocent onto a heavenly existence, and abandoned the guilty, to Ammit.
31:47In elaboration, souls heavier than a feather, would be devoured by Ammit, while souls lighter than a feather, would ascend
31:56to a heavenly existence.
31:57As an embalmer, Anabes handled the embalming and mummification process.
32:04The ancient Egyptians believed that the preservation of the body, and the use of sweet-smelling herbs and plants, would
32:12help the deceased.
32:13Because Anabes would sniff the mummy, and only let the pure move on to paradise.
32:19In addition to being the patron of funeral rites, Anabes is also the patron of lost souls, including orphans and
32:28the destitute.
32:29His battle prowess was never in doubt.
32:32The myths told of how Anabes took on and defeated the Nine Bows, gaining the title, Jackal Ruler of the
32:40Bows.
32:41The Nine Bows is a collective name for the traditional enemies of ancient Egypt.
32:47Tombs in the Valley of the Kings were often sealed, with an image of Anabes, subduing the Nine Bows enemies
32:54of Egypt, and presiding over them, as their ruler.
32:59The reason this image is sealed to tombs is that, it is believed that Anabes would protect the burial physically
33:05and spiritually, keeping watch from the hill above the Theban necropolis.
33:11Still speaking of his battle prowess, there is another popular tale of how Anabes helped Isis to defend and embalm
33:19Osiris, after Osiris had been killed by Seth.
33:23Seth attempted to attack the body of Osiris, by transforming himself into a leopard.
33:28However, Anabes fought and subdued him, branding Seth's skin with a hot iron rod, and then flaying him and wearing
33:37his skin, as a warning, against evildoers, who would desecrate the tombs of the dead.
33:45Thenceforth, priests who attended to the dead, wore leopard skin, in order to commemorate Anabes' victory over Seth.
33:54The legend of Anabes branding the hide of Seth in leopard form, is used to explain, how the leopard got
34:01its spots.
34:03Anabes is usually associated with the Eye of Horus, which they say, helped him find Osiris.
34:10He is also associated with the Greek god Hermes, and thus, referred to as Hermenubis, the combination of the messenger
34:19god, and the guardian of the dead.
34:23Anabes was revered and worshipped throughout Egypt, the centre of his cult being in Hadi, in the 17th gnome of
34:31Upper Egypt.
34:52The Greeks call him Thoth, the Egyptians call him Tehuti.
34:57He is god of the moon, god of reckoning, god of learning, and god of writing.
35:04He is the bull of Heliopolis, and son of the moon.
35:08He spreads out the seats of the gods, he knows their mysteries.
35:13Their laws, he enforces, evil deeds, he turns against the doer.
35:20Behold the vizier, who judges all men, who vanquishes evil, who recalls all that is forgotten.
35:28He is the reckoner of time, and his words abide forever.
35:33Tehuti invented and taught humanity the art of writing.
35:37He created the languages, and gave mankind the knowledge to speak them.
35:43He is the scribe, the interpreter, the advisor of the gods, and the representative of a moon Ra.
35:51When Isis was pregnant with her son, Horus, Thoth helped protect her from the reaches of her enemies.
35:59When Horus lost his sight during his battle with Seth, it was Thoth who gave him back his sight.
36:07Thoth weighed the hearts of the deceased at their judgment, and gave report to the god of the underworld, Osiris,
36:14and the guardian of the dead, Anabes.
36:17The Greeks gave him the name Thoth, which means the thrice great, and associate him with their god, Hermes.
36:24His sacred animals are the ibis, and the baboon.
36:50He, who dwelleth amid his terror, seizing his prey like a ravening beast.
36:56He is the great fish which is in Kamui, the lord to whom bowings and prostrations are made in Sekum.
37:03He is the great lord of the Nile and crocodiles, the one who gave life to vegetation and fertility to
37:11the land.
37:11His name is Sobek.
37:14Some say it was he who rose from the primeval waters of Nun to create the world.
37:20He who laid his eggs on the bank of the waters, starting the creation process.
37:26And he who made possible the rebirth of the deceased into the afterlife.
37:31He is the god of pharaonic power, strength, virility, fertility, and military prowess.
37:40These old myths tell that Sobek is as old as the world itself, while popular accounts totally disagree, saying that
37:49Sobek was never a primordial god, neither was he the creator of the world.
37:54His father is Seth, the god of thunder, storms, war, and chaos.
38:01While his mother is Nath, the goddess of war, hunting, and wisdom.
38:07Sobek had a family of his own.
38:10His wife was René-Mutet, the goddess of plenty, who brought good fortune to the ancient Egyptians.
38:17And his sons were Conum and Consu.
38:20In addition to his wife, he had the goddesses Hathor, Hecate, and Tawaret as his consorts.
38:29Sobek is a protective deity with apotropaic qualities, invoked particularly for protection against the dangers presented by the Nile.
38:39He controlled the waters and the fertility of the soil.
38:44Thus, he is called the lord of the waters, the rager, and lord of Fayum.
38:50In the early times, Sobek was believed to be a dark god who had to be appeased to give the
38:57people his protection against crocodiles.
38:59He was an aggressive and animalistic deity who lived up to the vicious reputation of the large and violent Nile
39:07crocodile he is.
39:09During that time, he was a god whom people reviled.
39:12He was given the names, he who loves robbery, he who eats, while he also mates, and pointed of teeth.
39:21He was believed to attack the deceased in the underworld, a friend to Seth, and an enemy to the other
39:28gods.
39:30Once upon a time in these early tales, when Seth scattered the pieces of Osiris throughout Egypt, Sobek ate the
39:38last piece and was punished for this crime by getting his tongue cut off.
39:43When Isis bore her son, Horus, she had to place him into a little boat of papyrus reeds to protect
39:51him from a menacing Sobek.
39:52This was just how mean the crocodile god was said to be in the earliest times.
39:59However, as time passed, later myths began to recognize the benign side of Sobek, they began to see him as
40:07a benevolent and protective god, no longer a malevolent and destructive one.
40:12And once upon a time, in contrast to that first old tale of Osiris, it was actually Sobek who carried
40:21the dead body of Osiris to the bank of the Nile on his back to protect him against Seth.
40:27He never ate the last piece of Osiris, and he never meant Horus any harm.
40:34Thenceforth, the Egyptians venerated Sobek as the one who restored sight to the dead, who revived their senses, and who
40:43protected them from Seth, the real attacker of those souls that traveled through the land of the dead.
40:49Sobek is still known for his viciousness till today, but this time, his fierceness is meant to ward off evil
40:57while simultaneously defending the innocent.
41:00In times of need, he gives the pharaoh strength and fortitude so that he may overcome all obstacles.
41:07He protects the pharaoh from all harm, especially evil magic.
41:13But as it is, not all the Egyptians loved Sobek and his sacred animal, the Nile crocodile.
41:21So while some people tamed crocodiles and worshipped them as the god himself, other people reviled him, mercilessly killing crocodiles
41:31because of their vicious and dangerous nature.
41:34Thus, he is seen as an ambivalent deity.
41:38Nevertheless, whether Sobek was loved or reviled, one thing was certain, and that is, that all the people of ancient
41:47Egypt greatly feared the power and wrath of the crocodile god, for he was a force to reckon with.
42:14In the Egyptian pantheon, there is a lion goddess of two different personalities, a deity of dual nature.
42:22On one side, she is benign and loving, and on the other side, she is ferocious and malevolent.
42:31In her benign state, she is the goddess of pregnancy, childbirth, domestication and fertility, and her name is Bast, some
42:41call her Bastet.
42:42While in her ferocious state, she is the goddess of warfare, bloodlust, and protector of pharaohs, and her name is
42:51Sekhmet.
42:53Bast was Sekhmet, Sekhmet was Bast, two, yet one, different, yet the same, Sekhmet, representing the warrior and protector, and
43:05Bast, representing the gentle mother and caregiver.
43:08The daughter of Ra, Bast is one of the powerful deities who accompany the sun god during his nightly travels
43:17to the underworld, aiding him in his battle against the serpent, Apophis.
43:23Bast cares for the sick and afflicted, protecting against contagious diseases and evil spirits.
43:30However, when mankind draws the ire of Ra, he invokes the vengeful manifestation of Bast, he invokes Sekhmet, to punish
43:40them for their crimes.
43:42With every breath Sekhmet took, fire flared from her nose and mouth.
43:48She could call down plagues whenever she willed.
43:51The hot winds of the deserts were said to be her breath, and the plagues were said to be her
43:57messengers and servants.
43:59Sekhmet had the strong tendency to go out of control and become overly obsessed with bloodlust and death.
44:07Thus, Ra reserved this goddess only as a last resort when he deemed that the intensity of mankind's sins was
44:16deserving of the suffering and bloodshed Sekhmet would bring.
44:41Hathor, Lady of Turquoise, Lady of the West, patroness of the region of the dead.
44:48She is the goddess of the sky, the goddess of women, and the goddess of love and fertility.
44:55A mother goddess, who maintained all life on earth.
44:59She was also the goddess of dance and music, of joy and happiness.
45:04She is the most beautiful daughter of the sun god, Ra.
45:08A beloved caretaker, who provided food for the living, as well as the dead, when they passed on to the
45:15underworld.
45:16It is believed that whoever carried her clothing would have a safe journey through the underworld.
45:23Hathor did not appear in many myths.
45:26She was a reserved goddess, who concerned herself with only her duties and obligations, interfering in the affairs of humans
45:34or fellow gods, only if need be.
45:37Her animal Simbo is the cow.
45:52Hiro!
45:53Hiro!
45:53Hisона is the store meet his cat varicak sabe, which is my
45:56dark heart.
45:56It is understood by her role as a king.
45:57I really came to Larkow was Road to Krystal toый Magnusson.
45:57I ruled a opposing örnkowman.
46:00You
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