00:00It seems we're finally one step closer to overcoming cancer.
00:04The cancer vaccine from Merck and Moderna showed positive results in its first late-stage trial,
00:10raising hopes it could become a treatment.
00:12This study is significant because it's a phase 3 clinical trial with over 1,100 patients,
00:17not just an early experiment.
00:19This is the first time in human history that an immunotherapy cancer vaccine has passed a phase 3 clinical trial.
00:22This isn't a major cancer, but skin cancer,
00:25and since cancer development mechanisms are similar, there are many positive outlooks.
00:30Because of this, Moderna's stock price once surged by more than 135.
00:34Everyone is truly dreaming of a rosy future.
00:37According to a report by Reuters,
00:39Merck and Moderna conducted clinical trials by administering Intis Melon,
00:43an mRNA-based personalized vaccine,
00:45together with Merck's immunotherapy drug, Keytruda.
00:48Patients with advanced or high-risk melanoma had their cancer removed by surgery,
00:51but still faced a high risk of recurrence.
00:53In this trial, the combination therapy achieved the main goal of reducing cancer recurrence
00:58and also showed positive results on the secondary endpoint of metastasis-free survival,
01:02meaning preventing cancer from spreading to other organs.
01:05What's important here is that this approach helps the immune system detect cancer cells
01:08that may remain even after surgery.
01:11Melanoma isn't common among skin cancers,
01:13but if it spreads, it can be extremely deadly.
01:16For high-risk patients, treatment shouldn't stop at surgery.
01:19Additional therapy is needed to lower the risk of cancer returning.
01:22This study showed that in this area,
01:24the combination of personalized vaccines and immunotherapy drugs can be effective.
01:28The term personalized vaccine also has an important meaning.
01:31Even with the same melanoma,
01:33each patient's cancer cells have different genetic traits and mutations.
01:37The researchers analyzed each patient's tumor
01:39to identify specific mutations present in the cancer cells for each individual,
01:42and based on this, they designed personalized vaccines for each patient.
01:46In other words, instead of administering the same vaccine to all patients,
01:49this approach creates treatments tailored to the characteristics of each patient's cancer cells,
01:54and they also succeeded in drastically reducing the time required.
01:57Keytruda is then used to boost immune cells' attack on cancer.
02:01As an immune checkpoint inhibitor,
02:03it blocks signals that prevent immune cells from targeting cancer.
02:06The personalized vaccine triggers an immune response to help cells recognize cancer,
02:11while Keytruda maintains the immune attack.
02:13Together, they combine their effects.
02:15However, this announcement doesn't mean the cancer vaccine will be commercialized right away.
02:19The research team is currently continuing to analyze additional indicators,
02:22including overall survival rate,
02:24and specific clinical data will be released at an upcoming international medical conference.
02:28It has not yet been decided when an application for approval
02:30will be submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA.
02:33Since these results were confirmed in melanoma,
02:36separate trials are needed to see if similar effectiveness occurs in other cancers.
02:40Merck and Moderna are studying personalized cancer vaccines for other cancers,
02:44including non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and kidney cancer.
02:49If these phase 3 trial results hold with more data,
02:52personalized mRNA technology could become even more important in cancer treatment.
02:57In particular, this announcement is drawing significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry,
03:01because personalized treatments,
03:03where the characteristics of a patient's cancer cells are analyzed,
03:06and therapies are designed accordingly,
03:07have shown results in a large-scale clinical trial.
03:09The next one is the 5-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.
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