Skip to playerSkip to main content
  • 2 days ago
🔥 JEE Advanced 2018 Physics PYQ – Capacitors with Dielectric and Switching Circuit

In this video, we solve one of the most conceptual Capacitance and Electrostatics problems from JEE Advanced 2018. The question involves three identical capacitors, dielectric insertion, switch operations, charge conservation, and charge redistribution concepts.

If you're preparing for JEE Main 2027, JEE Advanced 2027, NEET, Olympiads, or Boards, this problem is extremely important because it combines multiple capacitor concepts into a single question.

📚 Topics Covered:
✔ Capacitors in Series and Parallel
✔ Dielectric Insertion in Capacitors
✔ Charge Conservation Principle
✔ Switching Circuits in Electrostatics
✔ Charge Redistribution Method
✔ JEE Advanced Problem-Solving Tricks

🎯 This PYQ can help you improve your conceptual understanding and boost your rank in JEE Advanced.

👉 Watch till the end for the shortcut trick and exam approach.

Category

📚
Learning
Transcript
00:01Hello students, we have a problem which is switching problem of capacitor and how to deal with switching problem.
00:11Yes, we have come in this example, we understand
00:14You have three identical capacitors C1, C2, C3 and the capacitance of each is given as how much is one microfarad
00:22Each one is uncharged. It is very important that the capacitors that we are installing were initially uncharged, so now tell me.
00:34It is being
00:34that they are connected in the circuit as well in the figure and C1 is filled completely with the dielectric
00:39material of relative permittivity epsilon r
00:42Meaning we put C1, C2, C2, C3 in the circuit but we put a dielectric material in C1.
00:49whose dielectric permittivity, dielectric constant epsilon r is given by
00:53And battery electromotive force EMF of the cell is given how much V note value we have is given 8
01:00volt 8 volt is ok in question
01:02very important first the switch S1 is closed very important line first we close S1 while S2 is
01:12kept open and S2 was open at that time
01:17when the capacitor C3 is fully charged S1 is opened and S2 is closed simultaneously meaning
01:26When connected, S3 got fully charged.
01:28When capacitor C3 is fully charged, you do not want to charge it, so what do you do, open switch S1?
01:34I did it and as soon as I opened it, I immediately connected S2.
01:39So the question being asked is when all the capacitor reaches equilibrium the charge on C3
01:46is found to be 5 microgram
01:48So what will be the value of epsilon R, equilibrium means that brother everything has reached its steady state.
01:55At that point, the final charge on capacitor C3, which is four times larger, is pipe micrograms.
02:02So what will be the value of epsilon R, what will be the value of the dielectric material that you put in C1, this is the question
02:08Bocha is being
02:09So let us understand this, information or this is for you that C1, C2, C3 which we get from the market
02:16Bring it, friends, what is the capacity of each one of them?
02:19is 1 microgram, and the capacitors are initially uncharged, so one by one we deal with the case that
02:27When switch S1 is close, you have a diagram like this
02:29This capacitor is C3, C3, and this is our C2, C2, and we filled dielectric in C1, now C1,
02:37Take C1 dash value, this will become how much, epsilon r times, the initial value which was C1, what was C1
02:45We have, that is one microfarad, C2 we also have, friends, is also one microfarad, and C3 we have how much
02:53C3 you also have one microfarad
02:56So now initially we have this switch S1, and our S2 is open, S1 is closed, and this 8
03:02volt of battery is charged here, so when S1 is close, capacitor C3 will charge, and
03:12Take the charge on capacitor C3, let's say Q1 charge, on this plate plus Q1, and
03:17Pay minus Q1 is the charge, study statement, and Q1 is equal to what I would write, that is C into B,
03:23C3 into B, applied voltage,
03:25which is B0, C3 into B0, B0, B0, and the value of C3 is 1, and the value of B0 is 8 so
03:33How much does it cost, 8 microclam, this is the charge on capacitor C1, where, at steady state, maximum charge, capacitor
03:42C3 will be fully charged, now capacitor C3 does not need any charge at all, so what did you do at that instant?
03:49what what what what what what what what what what what what what
03:53It is given, so let us understand that now the second case, this is the situation of the first case.
03:58That was the first case, now for the second case we have to draw the diagram again, so I will create the diagram for you.
04:04I have created it, now look here, so what has happened now is that S1 is open and S2 which is here
04:10Pay �
04:10The incoming switch S2 is closed, now the charge on this capacitor which was earlier 8, is now
04:18Suppose it is 8-Q, meaning it has supplied Q charge, because now this source will work.
04:25This will charge these two uncharged capacitors, this one has a charge of plus Q, this one has a charge of minus Q, here also
04:32plus Q, minus Q, so it's clear, which capacitor is this, C
04:37C1 is the dash, which you said is epsilon r times of C1, and this is the C2 capacitor, and this is C3
04:42The capacitor is C3, and this positive plate, its negative plate, its positive, if I write C2, C3 here
04:50Because I have to use KVL, it would be better if you write here, its capacitance is epsilon r times of C1,
04:56And this we have C2, and this is positive plate, negative plate,
05:00Positive plate, negative plate, now friends let's do this, we apply KVL in this loop, KVL, Krichoff's
05:09If you apply voltage law in this loop, what will happen, let us understand this situation,
05:17That when we moved in a loop, applied KVL, using KVL in loop 1, in loop 1 if
05:23I will put KVL
05:24So, starting from here, finally we have, what is Q equal to formula
05:29It happens, CV, what happens if you want to write more, I have been a Capster, I have been a Capster, because
05:33So, let's use this same concept, so here if I'm moving, I have this, last
05:38I stayed in
05:52I can write Q upon epsilon r times of C1, here the last one has been negative, so minus
06:00Q upon C2 equal to 0, reached the same point from where we started, now given in C1 question
06:07If the value of C1, C2, C3 is 1 microfarad, then replace it with 1, 1, and also add it.
06:12You can, it is clear, and if you read the question, it is saying in the question that,
06:17When all the capacitors reach their equilibrium, at that time, the charge on C3 will be the final charge.
06:25on capacitor, C3 is 5 microfarad, the question is saying, 5 microfarad, that is to say, when we
06:34We're closing S2, S1 is open, at that time, at that time, this 8 minus Q
06:40Yes friends, 8 minus Q, its value is 5 microfarad, meaning the value of Q is, �
06:463 microfarad, means 3 microfarad charge is supplied by the capacitor, C3, and if you want to write it here
06:54equation, so this is what we have: 8 minus Q divided by 5, 5 by C3
06:58The value of 1, minus Q is 3, 3 by epsilon r into 1, then epsilon r will be, minus 3 upon 1.
07:05equal to 0,
07:08So 5 minus 3, 2 equals 3 by epsilon r you can write, to be clear, so epsilon r
07:16If I want to write the value of 3 by 2, the unit of all is kept in microfarad, microfarad, the microfarad will be cancelled out,
07:21From all over,
07:22Here the microclaim, this is in your microclaim, the capacitor is in macro farad, so microfarad, the microclaim is getting cancelled
07:28Yes, it doesn't matter, we have the answer 1.5, and this is our correct answer, so I'll hope
07:36Friends, you must have understood the concept of capacitor switching problem with dielectric.
07:43See you with the next session, till then thank you very much, she is happy, she keeps smiling.
Comments
SuRaj EduVerse
Creator
🔥 Challenge: Can you solve this question without using equations of equivalent capacitance? Comment your answer for εᵣ before watching the full solution! 👇 Don't forget to Like 👍, Share 🔥 and Subscribe 🔔 for more JEE Advanced PYQs every day.

Recommended