00:00to us a computer is a world of movies games and photos but inside it's just millions of tiny
00:07switches today we're decoding the secret language of machines data representation at its heart a
00:15digital computer is an electronic machine it uses millions of electronic switches that work on low
00:21voltage just like a light switch these have only two states when a switch is closed electricity
00:27flows that's an on state when it's open electricity stops that's off in the computer world we represent
00:35these two states using the binary number system a single one or zero is called a bit short for
00:41binary digit it is the smallest unit of data possible if computers only see zeros and ones
00:47how do we get the letter a or a dollar sign we use alphanumeric codes by grouping bits together we
00:54create unique patterns for example the code one zero zero zero one zero zero represents the letter d
01:01the most common system for this is ascii american standard code for information interchange
01:06which uses seven or eight bits to represent 128 different characters physically these ones and
01:13zeros move through circuits as digital pulses of dc voltage in a perfect world logic one is exactly plus
01:20five volts but in reality computers are smart enough to recognize a range anything from zero to
01:260.8 volts is a zero and anything from two to five volts is a one this is the foundation
01:32of all digital
01:33logic circuits so every time you send a text or upload a video you're actually sending millions of tiny
01:39electrical pulses dancing between high and low voltages that is the power of data representation
01:45thanks for watching stay digital
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