00:10One hundred and twenty-five million years ago, winter rages across the north.
00:26Entire species have been pushed to the brink.
00:40Even the largest dinosaurs are unable to endure this cold.
00:52Like these sauropods migrating south.
01:04Wreda came early this year and caught them off guard.
01:19With hundreds of kilometers ahead of them, this time it will be an especially harsh journey.
01:33But the bitter cold is not the only danger in this frozen land.
01:41There is a much greater threat here in these woods.
02:06Euteranus, the Snow King.
02:13An early relative of T-Rex.
02:20With a thick, insulating coat of feathers, he's perfectly adapted for life in a world this cold.
02:35But his feathers also serve a more sinister purpose.
02:46An early relative of T-Rex.
02:47Camouflage.
02:49The ultimate weapon for an ambush hunter.
03:16The ultimate weapon for an ambush hunter.
03:41Oh, my God.
03:52In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will fall.
04:06But through it all, the dinosaurs will expand their empire and advance relentlessly to seize Earth's final frontiers.
04:31In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will rise.
04:44In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will rise, and some will rise.
04:53In a savage, ever-changing world, some will rise, and some will rise.
12:54seen, just one, in a vast and diverse new generation of plants, and they will become
13:09a phenomenon, with the help of a close ally, beetles. They carry pollen from one flower to the next.
13:35Nature's most reliable delivery service. Helping these new plants spread far and wide across
13:49the globe, transforming the dinosaur's empire, but this new generation of plants has a dark
14:24side. While they need to attract pollinators, many are also evolved to repel herbivores,
14:38with spines, thorns, and poisons.
14:50Nature's defensive weapons.
14:58This green revolution changes everything for the plant-eating dinosaurs, including the great stegosaurs.
15:21They are herd animals by nature, but this young stegosaur, barely two years old, is all alone.
15:39She is the last of her herd.
15:54To eat these tougher, new plants requires mouthful and chew food, in a way her primitive jaw
16:06to eat them.
16:12She is the last of her herd.
16:13She is the last of her herd.
16:13She is the last of her herd.
16:15She is the last of her herd.
16:18She is the last of her herd.
16:19She is the last of her herd.
16:22She is the last of her herd.
16:22She is the last of her herd.
16:22She is the last of her herd.
16:23She is the last of her herd.
16:23She is the last of her herd.
16:24She is the last of her herd.
16:25She is the last of her herd.
16:25She is the last of her herd.
16:25She is the last of her herd.
16:26She is the last of her herd.
16:27She is the last of her herd.
16:30She is the last of her herd.
16:32of this new world.
16:41It's one reason why their 50 million year existence
16:45will come to an end.
16:50Extinction.
16:58But in the wake of the Stegasaur's demise,
17:03a new era will emerge.
17:11Over the next 15 million years,
17:15these new plants evolve and diversify.
17:21Spreading across the planet and ever further
17:25into the dinosaur's empire.
17:36The Green Revolution now covers the globe.
17:42And not just the land, but the water as well.
17:52Even providing cover and food for underwater explorers like ankylosaurs.
18:26And this bathing beauty is a different kind of dinosaur.
18:39He's a plant eater, like the Stegasaurs, but a fancier one.
18:46Much fancier.
18:54Because unlike the Stegasaurs, his advanced jaw can crush food
19:02in a way that makes eating any kind of plant easy.
19:09It's the perfect adaptation for this diverse new world.
19:22He wants to take full advantage of all this great kingdom has to offer.
19:30to take full advantage of all this beautiful world.
19:30And he has a plan.
19:41It's a long trek, but the journey is worth it.
20:07This is the one place where he can truly be himself.
20:23His passion is singing.
20:33He even has special allos in his snout that amplify his song, so it can be heard far
20:47and wide.
21:31A female has answered his call.
21:37It's time to charm her with his deep, sultry humming.
21:49Then, he shows her his stylish armor.
22:04It's all very persuasive.
22:27Their fancy attire does have some drawbacks, mind you.
22:35On the whole, though, heavy armor and an improved jaw are setting them up for success.
22:50But what no dinosaur could possibly know is that their empire has been gradually shrinking.
23:04Hidden below the waves, this world, once ruled by dinosaurs, is now completely out of their
23:18reach.
23:25And there's a reason, at the very bottom of the ocean.
23:36A slow, imperceptible shift reshaping the planet.
23:51The seabed is fracturing from an endless progression of eruptions.
24:25Earth's tectonic plates are shifting.
24:30Breaking apart the ocean floor, lifting it higher over millions of years.
24:42The water above has nowhere else to go but up.
24:49By the middle of the Cretaceous sea levels reach their highest point in history.
24:57Over 200 meters higher than they are today.
25:18The rising oceans repaint the map of the world, erasing entire land masses.
25:30The continent of Europe is reduced to a giant archipelago that includes the Isle of Herzig.
25:45A world where isolation and evolution have created a kind of neverland for the dinosaurs.
25:54A world where normal rules don't apply.
26:05This is the home of Magyarosaurus.
26:10A sauropod.
26:15And, like other sauropods, he uses his long neck to reach the highest vegetation.
26:33The thing is, this vegetation is only two meters tall.
26:41Which makes Magyarosaurus about the size of a pony.
27:03On Hatzegg, where there's limited space and food, sometimes smaller is better.
27:27But, unlike Magyarosaurus, for predators, digger is still better.
27:49As tall as a giraffe, one of the largest pterosaurs to ever live.
28:00The nightmare Hatzegopteryx.
28:02The nightmare Hatzegopteryx.
28:10She's flown to this island to feed on dinosaurs.
28:25The youngest member of the herd gets separated.
28:36But it won't be an easy catch.
28:41Unlike his giant cousins, he's white on his feet.
28:49The planet.
29:07The bottom line sets.
29:12But being this small, he can't see the others.
29:24They found a safe hiding spot, perfect for their size.
30:12They found a safe hiding spot, and they found a safe hiding spot, and they found a safe hiding spot.
30:17Allrrr...
30:23I'm not gonna gold...
30:30Just a walkie with us...
30:38I don't know.
31:12The tiny dinosaurs, trapped on an island, has nowhere else to go.
31:31But in a world so divided by the ocean, evolution takes different turns in different places.
31:49Ninety-six million years ago, sea levels are close to the highest they've ever been.
32:06Creating a water world that no dinosaur has dared to enter.
32:19But that's about to change.
32:35Lurking in this mangrove swamp is a carnivore that has specially evolved to take on the
32:44final frontier.
32:56A dinosaur pioneer.
33:12Spinosaurus.
33:20The largest predator to ever walk the earth.
33:29At 15 meters long, she's bigger than a school bus.
33:41The forest provides plenty of prey.
33:48But another reason she's gotten this big is because of where she goes to escape the gloom
33:57of the swamp.
34:14Here, the high sea levels have turned the oceans into a new hunting ground for the dinosaurs.
34:23Where bigger is definitely better.
34:54Spinosaurus is adapted to a planet that is now Monday.
34:57mostly ocean.
35:01And in this age, some of the largest prey is here in the water.
35:23Sharks.
35:29In a flat-out chase between a shark and a giant dog-paddling dinosaur,
35:35the shark will always win.
35:42But there's more to Spinosaurus than meets the eye.
35:53Dinosaurs aren't just becoming bigger.
35:57Some are cunning, too.
36:01She's going to make the sharks come to her.
36:15Her snout is wired with sensors that can detect the slightest movement.
36:25She's not a good-to-part.
36:26Now, all she needs to do is keep completely still.
36:48The best hunters are the patient ones, and her patience is starting to pay off.
37:06The blood in the water is drawing the sharks closer.
37:53She doesn't move.
38:00She knows how this game is played.
38:23Brains and brawn.
38:27A killer combination that is finally letting the dinosaurs get a foothold in the ocean.
38:45Their reach is now global, and extends to the very ends of the Earth, to what will one
38:59day be Antarctica.
39:11While Spinosaurus is stalking the shallow seas and the tropics, the world's southernmost
39:19landmass is not the frozen wilderness we know today.
39:26It's a green, flourishing Eden.
39:36Where even in the dark, evolution is lighting the way.
39:51And thriving in the darkness are the dinosaurs.
40:09By this stage in the late Cretaceous, their empire is so vast that they now dominate every continent
40:19planet on Earth.
40:29And yet, while their reign is global, and their rule almost unchallenged, their story will take
40:45a dark turn.
41:15close to the end of the state, the moon can be beaten up for the
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