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00:00This is Midong Solar Farm. Just two years ago, it was nothing but an empty desert.
00:06Today, it stretches across an area twice the size of Manhattan, and produces enough electricity to power a small country.
00:13At first glance, this looks like just another flashy Chinese megaproject, but it's part of something much, much bigger.
00:20For decades, China's greatest weakness has been energy.
00:24The world's factory runs on oil, but almost none of it comes from home soil.
00:29Every day, China imports over 10 million barrels of the stuff, most of it passing through waters patrolled directly by
00:36the US Navy.
00:37One blockade and its economy would grind to a halt.
00:41That may sound alarmist, but not to Beijing.
00:44Its answer is something no superpower has ever tried before, to build a nation that doesn't need oil.
00:52This dot is the Midong Solar Farm, and this is every solar farm in China.
00:57Last year, they generated enough energy to power France and the United Kingdom combined, and most of them didn't even
01:04exist three years ago.
01:05But this is just the beginning.
01:07China generates even more energy by wind, and even more energy than that by hydro.
01:13In early 2025, clean energy made up nearly 40% of its electrical supply.
01:18At this pace, China's yearly output will soon rival the entire European Union.
01:23And if Beijing can power its economy without imported oil, America loses one of its last major pressure points.
01:30And in a world where energy independence means strategic freedom, Taiwan suddenly looks much more vulnerable.
01:37Under Biden, the White House fought back, with billions in green subsidies, attempting to take on China at their own
01:43game.
01:44Trump, on the other hand, has championed a different philosophy.
01:48Today I will also declare a national energy emergency drill, baby, drill.
01:55While Washington's energy policies shift with each election cycle, Beijing is playing a different game entirely.
02:02One that could reshape global power itself.
02:04Because if the world's largest oil importer no longer needs oil, what happens to everyone who still does?
02:12Amongst other things, China's biggest headache in recent years has been securing reliable access to enough energy to fuel its
02:18economy.
02:19From potentially retaking Taiwan to escaping the middle income trap, energy security has been the ball and chain holding China
02:26back.
02:27Today, they're by far the largest energy consumer in the world, and they're eating through more and more every year.
02:33Every nation that uses more energy per person tends to live better, and in China, that demand is still accelerating.
02:40Not only have they got to fuel the second largest population in the world,
02:44they also have to power a manufacturing industry that eats through vast amounts of fuel.
02:49Initially, like many countries, Chinese industry relied on coal to satisfy their appetite.
02:54And nobody has a bigger appetite than China.
02:57Half of the world's entire coal is now being consumed by them, almost five times more than the next biggest
03:02country.
03:03The good news for Beijing is that they mine most of it themselves.
03:07But the bad news? That self-reliance comes at a steep price.
03:11For the past few decades, Chinese cities have often looked like this.
03:16This isn't just an eyesore.
03:18Pollution shortens people's lives, burdens the healthcare system, and drags on productivity.
03:23That's why, as countries get richer, they tend to shift more towards oil and gas.
03:28They produce less pollutants, are more flexible, and are better suited to dense cities and modern industries.
03:34But here's where China runs into a problem.
03:37Unlike coal, they don't have much either of gas or oil at home.
03:41Domestic oil is hard to extract, and gas reserves are scarce.
03:45So to fill that gap, they have to look overseas.
03:47China's energy mix hasn't shifted dramatically, but its total demand has exploded.
03:53That surge means it now burns far more oil than ever before, and imports far more crude than any other
03:58nation on Earth.
04:00The same story applies to natural gas.
04:02Domestic output can't keep pace, forcing China to become the world's largest importer of both oil and gas.
04:09However, importing this much energy comes at a cost.
04:12OPEC decisions, wars, and international crises can send the price of oil and gas through the roof at a moment's
04:19notice.
04:19For China, those price spikes are a problem.
04:22That's because, as the world's factory, their economy is still built on razor-thin margins.
04:27Those price spikes don't just dent profits.
04:29They stall orders, cut shifts, and slow exports.
04:32Without a cheap, reliable energy base, sustaining China's next leg of growth becomes nearly impossible.
04:38However, this is only one part of China's vulnerability.
04:42Currently, over 90% of China's oil and liquefied gas arrives by sea.
04:47And those tankers cross contested waters patrolled by the U.S. Navy and its allies.
04:52Near Taiwan and across the South China Sea, American ships routinely cut through zones claimed by Beijing,
04:57a constant signal of U.S. control over the seas.
05:01And then it gets even worse.
05:02The route narrows to a single bottleneck, the Strait of Malacca.
05:06Almost 80% of China's crude oil from the Middle East squeezes through this corridor.
05:11If China ever decided to invade Taiwan and Washington intervened, this Strait could be shut down to Chinese shipping.
05:18Sever the flow to energy and China's economy goes into meltdown.
05:22Refineries lie idle, factories shut, and exports collapse.
05:26The Strait of Malacca isn't just a strategic choke point.
05:29It's China's Achilles heel.
05:31This is known in Beijing as the Malacca Dilemma.
05:34And unless they find a solution to it, China is simply too vulnerable to consider taking Taiwan by force.
05:40If an American blockade could cripple their economy, the social contract with the Chinese people would be broken.
05:46And without a strong economy, the lack of political freedom becomes less justifiable to the general population.
05:52That's why achieving energy security is an essential step towards achieving China's foreign policy goals,
05:58including their ultimate goal of Chinese reunification.
06:01So, Beijing has a serious problem.
06:04It has to manage an industrial economy dependent on imported energy,
06:08which is priced elsewhere, and then ship through routes it doesn't control.
06:12If they ever wanted to seriously challenge America's global dominance, it must first address this problem.
06:17So, the dilemma is simple.
06:19How do they remove the ball and chain and finally achieve independence?
06:24Fortunately for China, they're already halfway there.
06:27In 2025, only 5% of their electricity came from natural gas, and virtually none came from oil.
06:34And since the rest of their electricity comes from domestic sources,
06:37they could technically keep the lights on and the grid stable, even if America shut the Malacca straight tomorrow.
06:43So, the solution to the Malacca dilemma is simple.
06:46Move everything onto the grid.
06:48For every machine that switches from oil and gas to electricity,
06:52it's one less pressure point that could be turned off in a blockade.
06:55And you're already starting to see this happen.
06:57Electric and hybrid vehicles now make up a majority of new car sales in China.
07:02For energy independence, the importance of this cannot be overstated.
07:06Electrifying road travel would almost eliminate China's reliance on oil imports,
07:11as well as making China's roads immune to the effects of a blockade.
07:14And electrification hasn't just stopped at cars.
07:17The same story repeats itself for railways, buses, and electric heat pumps.
07:22In fact, China is on track to become the most electrified major economy in the world,
07:27having already overtaken the United States and developed European economies.
07:32Every step away from oil and gas and towards electricity
07:35is another step on the road towards energy security for China.
07:39But here's the catch.
07:40While this success is helping solve their energy security,
07:43it's also making another problem worse.
07:46That's because, despite all their gains in electrification,
07:49their greenhouse gas emissions are still by far the largest in the world.
07:53While this may seem contradictory,
07:55the main reason is actually relatively straightforward.
07:58Most of China's electricity still comes from coal-fired power plants.
08:02So, going electric has the unintended consequence
08:05of making their addiction to coal more difficult to manage.
08:08However, fortunately for Beijing,
08:10they have an ace up their sleeps.
08:12Because this is where the renewable energy projects
08:14that we mentioned at the start of the video begin to come in.
08:17In 2021, Beijing didn't just announce a renewables plan.
08:21It made it a national priority.
08:23And that signal travelled fast.
08:25Local authorities were handed generation targets.
08:28Public land was unlocked.
08:29And planning officers were told to fast-track renewable projects.
08:33At first, it was the state that took on the risk,
08:36investing more than $625 billion into green industries.
08:40But soon, the private sector followed their lead,
08:43and competition heated up.
08:45Economies of scale were reached faster than anyone expected,
08:48and costs collapsed, especially for solar and wind.
08:52Contracts were completed early,
08:53projects came in under budget,
08:55and politicians had to start thinking bigger.
08:58They built gigantic power lines
09:00to connect solar fields in the west of the country
09:02to the population centres in the east.
09:04They built energy storage
09:05to store the electricity that wasn't being used.
09:08And once they were ready,
09:09they started building the renewable generation itself.
09:13Giant solar fields began appearing in China's deserts,
09:16and offshore wind zones fanned out along the eastern seaboard.
09:19And today, all that effort is beginning to pay off.
09:22In 2024, they added over 500 terawatt-hours
09:26of renewable energy generation to the grid.
09:28For context, that's enough to power Germany for a year,
09:31and more than the rest of the world managed over the same period.
09:34And they're expected to add even more in 2025.
09:37If they keep this up,
09:39they'll achieve net zero in their electricity generation by 2055.
09:43So, renewable generation is killing two birds with one stone,
09:47energy security and pollution.
09:50Small clouds will clear,
09:51Washington's leverage will evaporate,
09:53and the path will open to retaking Taiwan.
09:56But even this doesn't capture the extent of China's ambition.
10:00Recently, it became clear that their push into renewables
10:03is about much more than just domestic construction and clean generation.
10:07Instead, Beijing is positioning itself
10:09to dominate the supply chain for the entire green economy.
10:13Already, Chinese firms dominate the global market
10:16for the minerals that make green tech work.
10:18Lithium and graphite for batteries,
10:20rare earths for motors and turbines,
10:22and copper for the wires to tie it all together.
10:24And then, when it comes to manufacturing,
10:26they dominate again,
10:28producing most of the world's batteries,
10:30solar modules and turbines.
10:31Even when it comes to construction,
10:33their ambition hasn't stopped at home.
10:35State-owned companies now export China's model,
10:37building solar, wind and grid projects around the world
10:40as part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
10:42Which is why this isn't just about self-sufficiency.
10:45China has made itself an integral part
10:47of the global green energy transition.
10:49For Washington, that's a problem.
10:51In order to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels,
10:54they will have to increase their reliance
10:55on Chinese supply chains.
10:57And in a crisis,
10:58this could be used as a point of leverage.
10:59China could restrict access
11:01to critical minerals and components,
11:03damaging America's energy industry
11:05and hurting the economy.
11:06Soon, the roles could be reversed,
11:08and China could hold all the cards.
11:11While Washington is aware of this risk,
11:13opinions on how to respond have been divided,
11:16and the response disjointed.
11:18In 2022, Biden passed the Inflation Reduction Act,
11:22unleashing $825 billion in green energy subsidies
11:26over the next decade.
11:27Much of this money came with strings attached,
11:30requiring American companies to build hardware at home
11:32and restricting technology sharing with Chinese counterparts.
11:36On top of that,
11:37the White House increased tariffs on Chinese EVs,
11:39solar cells, and batteries
11:41to prevent American companies
11:42from being out-competed in their domestic market.
11:45Finally, Washington had put together
11:47a comprehensive strategy into motion
11:49to take on China at its own game.
11:51And it seemed like the writing was on the wall
11:54for America's giant fossil fuel industry,
11:56along with the millions of jobs that go with it.
11:58But then, an election happened.
12:01On the first day of his presidency,
12:03Trump sent out a clear message to the world.
12:05He pulled out of the Paris Agreement
12:07and signed the Unleashing American Energy Executive Order.
12:11Government agencies were told to fast-track drilling,
12:14fossil fuel subsidies were increased,
12:15and policy was tilted back toward oil and gas.
12:19Overnight, it was now the green energy industry
12:21that had an uncertain future,
12:23and millions of newly created jobs were cast into doubt.
12:27Either strategy could be effective
12:29in reducing Beijing's leverage over America's energy supply.
12:32However, the lack of consistent direction
12:34from Washington poses a problem.
12:37In such a volatile environment,
12:39it's just too risky for private industry
12:41to invest in either solution
12:42at the scale that's needed for it to work.
12:44So at the same time that China is transmitting
12:47a clear, long-term vision for their future,
12:49the White House is hamstringing America with inconsistency.
12:52For ordinary Americans, this could be a disaster.
12:55Policy whiplash is likely to result in rising bills,
12:58a less reliable energy grid,
13:00making it harder for households to get by
13:02and for businesses to stay afloat.
13:04Even worse, if America doesn't decide
13:06on a consistent plan of action soon,
13:08China could gain a permanent leverage
13:10over their energy supply.
13:11This would give them the upper hand
13:13in the struggle for global dominance
13:14before it is even properly begun.
13:17Against this backdrop,
13:18security and sovereignty are back at the center of US policy.
13:22Liberty Defense Holdings,
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13:27and the sponsor of today's video,
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13:31Schwab, Fidelity and E-Trade to name a few,
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