00:00Surely you know the faces of these people.
00:03Yes, they are Pablo Escobar, Rafael Caro and El Chapo Guzmán,
00:06three of the narcotraficants that have most power in the world in the last 50 years.
00:11And despite their death or capture, the networks that move drugs are still more active than ever,
00:15but they have drastically changed their operation,
00:18to the point that countries like Colombia,
00:20which is the biggest producer of cocaine,
00:22no longer has the biggest protagonist in the international traffic.
00:24How do they operate today the narcos and what is their role in the violence in Latin America?
00:29What is this at the end to know?
00:31And, of course, I'll tell you why the president of the United States, Donald Trump,
00:35has to do with all this.
00:36First of all, in the actuality,
00:38the crime organized organized against drugs is much more complex.
00:42The groups have multiplied and multiplied.
00:45They have added substances like fentanyl to the traditional drugs
00:48and have diversified their portfolio of legal businesses.
00:51That's why it's not rare that, as well as the narcos,
00:53they have tentacles in the illegal mining,
00:55the traffic of migrants, the threats of people or the extorsion.
00:58So, the International Crisis Group
01:01in a recent report that analyzes the situation
01:03of Colombia, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Ecuador.
01:06Lejos of what happened in the 1980s with the cartels of Cali and Medellín,
01:10the Colombian groups have lost power in the business.
01:13Their role is to end the border or in the alta mar,
01:15but they don't have the ability to make drugs happen to Europe or the United States.
01:19In other words, two Mexican groups,
01:21the Cartel de Sinaloa and the Jalisco Nueva Generación
01:23are, today by today,
01:25the of the largest incidences in the international logistics
01:27of the narcotics.
01:28According to Crisis Group,
01:29the Colombian structure that best consolidates its relationship
01:32with the Mexicans is the Clan del Golfo,
01:34which has an agreement with the Cartel de Sinaloa.
01:36In addition to the traffic of cocaine,
01:37the Mexican cartels have incursionated in the Fentanilo market.
01:40This drug is currently the main cause of death
01:44in the United States,
01:45between the residents of 18 to 49 years old.
01:48But let's talk about something that is key in the chain of the narcotics
01:51and that has not changed much in the times of Escobar,
01:53the relationship with politicians and employees
01:55that guarantee the impunity of the business.
01:58That capacity has been achieved
01:59under the logic of a transnational
02:01with investors and administrators.
02:03In Latin America,
02:04to whom they charge the complex transactions
02:07are known as Narcos Invisibles.
02:09They decide where to invest,
02:10how to manage the routes,
02:12with which clients work
02:13and in which jurisdictions operate.
02:15Also, one of its functions is penetrating
02:17the edict empresarial
02:18and the political policies
02:19of the key countries
02:20in the supply chain
02:21and the fiscal chain
02:22and the fiscal chain
02:22to raise taxes
02:23and access to the banking system.
02:25For all this,
02:26they come to the corruption
02:27or cooptation
02:28of the state officials,
02:29from the laborers
02:30and the security workers
02:32to the citizens
02:32to the judges
02:33and politicians
02:34.
02:34Do you remember
02:35that the government
02:36of Donald Trump
02:37has to do with the entraming
02:38of the narcotráfico
02:39and the violence?
02:40Well, the issue is
02:41that since his return
02:41to the United States,
02:43Trump proposed
02:44to strengthen the military
02:45against the narcos
02:46and to revigorate
02:47the war against drugs,
02:49a policy that the gringos
02:50have impulsed
02:51since the 70s
02:52and that clearly
02:53has not had a success.
02:54In fact,
02:55the crisis group
02:56says that there are
02:56abundantly evidence
02:58that the strategies
02:59against drugs
03:00have not served
03:01to disappear
03:01in the United States
03:03and that
03:04combat them
03:04through the armed forces
03:05generate,
03:06and not less,
03:07ganancias delictivas,
03:08violence,
03:09corruption
03:09and misery.
03:11Investigators
03:11found that there is
03:12an effect global.
03:13When the authorities
03:14restrain a part
03:15of a narcotráfico
03:17the criminals
03:17desplazan
03:18the operations
03:18to the zonas
03:19that offer possibilities,
03:21either in commercial export
03:22or vulnerable communities
03:24or where there are
03:25state officials
03:25susceptible
03:26to corruption.
03:27This, in part,
03:28explains that
03:28in the last few years
03:29a portion of the
03:30market has moved
03:31to Ecuador
03:32or Costa Rica
03:33that before
03:34were no protagonists.
03:35The effect is
03:35of such magnitude
03:36that in 2024
03:37Ecuador
03:38became the most violent nation
03:40of America.
03:41Do you want to know more?
03:42We invite you to see
03:43the whole thing
03:43in Colombia
03:4520
03:45and El Espectador.
03:46Don't forget to follow us
03:47on our social media.
03:58in the next few years.
03:58We'll see you next time.
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