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Air Crash Investigation - Season 26 - Episode 03: Peril Over Pakistan Airblue Flight 202
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00:02The plane came flying out of the bottom of the cloud at 4,000 feet per minute.
00:06Pull up! Pull up!
00:07Nuremberg Air Service Flight 108 breaks apart while the pilots attempt to land at Dusseldorf Airport in Germany.
00:17All passengers and crew are killed.
00:21Because of the size of the accident site, we use the grid to identify the positions of every part of
00:29the wreckage.
00:31Investigators reconstruct the plane to determine what happened.
00:36There must be a thousand pieces in here.
00:41Over here!
00:42They uncover evidence of a one-in-a-million failure that should not have brought the plane down.
00:47The pilots had no chance to control the aircraft in a proper way.
00:54I think under these circumstances, there was nothing they could have done.
01:00BD, BD!
01:04Pull up!
01:23It's an hour before sunrise at Hanover Airport in West Germany.
01:31Nuremberg Air Service Flight 108 prepares for the first flight of the day
01:42In the cockpit is 36 year old captain Ralph Borstorff
01:47how's the weather looking and 28 year old first officer Sybil hailman they each have
01:542,500 flying hours should be clear sailing both of them would be fairly typical what
02:02you would see a commuter operations people starting their careers and getting
02:07ready to move up the weather forecast predicts calm skies with only a slim
02:12chance of thunderstorms near their destination might get a bit rough on
02:17landing because of some turbulence and a chance thunderstorm but it's unlikely
02:21just 10% sounds good a 10% chance of thunder showers it's 10% chance you
02:30want to know about it but it's not something you're gonna put too much
02:32thought into before flight 108 can depart snow and ice that accumulated overnight
02:40are removed this flight was a full flight had 19 passengers on board all of those
02:48being business people it's a 40-minute flight from Hanover to Dusseldorf a major
02:55business hub on the Rhine River we started the route in 1987 about six months before
03:03this flight and we had very big train connections between the east and western
03:07parts of Germany so from the very very beginning we had full airplanes
03:14flight 108 leaves Hanover at 7 15 a.m. 15 minutes behind schedule
03:21flaps
03:28retracted
03:29the pilots are flying a Fairchild swear engine Metroliner 3 it's a powerful turboprop plane designed
03:37for short commuter flights the Metro 3 airliner is a perfect scaled down
03:43airliner it holds 19 people fast fuel efficiently all the creature comforts of a
03:47bigger airline from the very beginning I was impressed by the airplane it was
03:54extremely well designed it was flexible it was fast they could pressurization so
04:02everything a pilot likes the airplane heads
04:08it takes 10 minutes for flight 108 to reach its cruising altitude of 14,000 feet
04:16it will stay at that altitude for only 15 minutes
04:23well no rest for the wicked
04:25we'll have the descent checklist will you
04:29regional flying is generally an hour and a half or less
04:33leading to increased workload for the time that you are in the air
04:39check the radar
04:42the captain notices some weather on the radar
04:46thunderstorm could be rolling in after all
04:48maybe doesn't look particularly bad
04:51I'll check the atis
04:57atis continuously broadcasts updated weather conditions at the destination airport
05:03dusting to for visibility 10 sky condition broken clouds at 1,500 feet
05:11nothing but a thing we should be fine
05:16okay we'll continue with the approach
05:20their expectation was that the weather was getting better and any thunder showers hadn't really materialized
05:26good morning this is your captain speaking
05:28we have begun our descent into Dusseldorf
05:31please ensure your seatbelts are fastened
05:33should be landing in about 15 minutes
05:4430 miles from the airport
05:47Dusseldorf good morning
05:48requesting to send a 3000 nfd 108
05:51first officer hail man contacts the Dusseldorf approach controller for landing instructions
05:58nfd 108 good morning to you you are clear to 3000 feet and currently number three land
06:06copy to send to 3000 number three to land
06:10an ATC gives us a indication of where we are on the order for landing it helps us set up
06:15it helps us get ready it helps us know when you're gonna start putting flaps and gear down
06:19three minutes later
06:24localizer life
06:27flight 108 lines up with the runways centerline
06:36establish on the localizer
06:40the first officer checks on the weather
06:45looks like a thunderstorm has moved right in front of us
06:50might be trouble
06:55thunderstorms have to be treated with respect i mean they can produce hail they can produce downdrafts tailwinds overpowering what
07:01the airplane is capable of doing
07:05the captain decides to maneuver around the storm
07:14the problem was
07:15it's a big thunderstorm in the approach sector of Dusseldorf
07:20they shouldn't fly it through thunderstorms
07:24in the Dusseldorf control center
07:27nfd 108 please switch to tower control frequency one one eight decimal three zero
07:32the approach controller hands over flight one zero eight to the tower
07:39nfd 108 confirm switch to tower control frequency one one eight decimal three zero by
07:49moments later
07:51flight one zero eight
07:53flight disappears from radar
08:22seven miles
08:28the flight
08:29the plane came flying out of the bottom of the cloud at four thousand feet per minute the g-force
08:32it would have taken to overcome that to pull the airplane nose back up
08:35it was violent
08:37the sound of the engines recedes into the distance
08:42that flight would have been sheer terror
08:45sheer terror for the people in the back sheer terror up front
08:47you know you went from having a visual reference to thinking you're good to all of a sudden you're back
08:51in the cloud again
08:53a minute later
08:54the plane returns
08:57this time flight one zero eight spirals out of control
09:02and breaks up
09:04no no no
09:06it's a horrifying sight
09:08i can't imagine what the person watching that would be thinking
09:10two minutes before dawn
09:13flight one zero eight slams into an open field on the banks of the ruhr river
09:26the wreckage is scattered over a wide area
09:31first responders make their way to the crash site
09:35all 19 passengers and both pilots are dead
09:41the metroliner itself is broken into thousands of pieces
09:46you're seeing that parts are distributed throughout the area
09:52you'll start collecting all the parts mapping where they are and trying to put this puzzle back together again
10:04investigators from germany's air accident investigation unit or FUS
10:09begin mapping the wreckage of flight one zero eight to determine what caused the accident
10:16the first step was to identify the positions of every part of the wreckage
10:23and because of the size of the accident site
10:26we use the grid and we were able to get the information where every piece was at the accident site
10:37much of the plane along with its black boxes are badly damaged
10:43the recorders in this aircraft aren't the new digital type recorders which record 300 400 parameters
10:50this was the old foil style recorders
10:53you had altitude airspeed you had heading some information at g loads you didn't have the data we have today
11:01by a long shot
11:03the black boxes and the debris are sent to a warehouse where investigators begin their analysis
11:12once the parts are recovered taken to a facility
11:15you can then clean where the fractures where the separations are
11:20you can look at where a part broke apart
11:25the wings the engines the tail sections separated from the aircraft
11:33investigators try to confirm witness statements that the plane broke up before it crashed
11:41this piece looks compressed like it came from a high energy impact
11:48but this piece is intact
11:52what that indicates is this intact piece of wreckage
11:56did not go to the accident site with the rest of the airplane
12:01for sure an inflate breakup
12:03the team is now convinced that flight 108 broke up before hitting the ground
12:10the question is what led to that is there any evidence of a pre-existing failure that would have led
12:16to the accident
12:19hey can you bring that piece over to the table
12:23did a design flaw or some kind of failure create a fatigue crack causing the wings to break off before
12:31impact
12:33even though the airplane is fairly new
12:36even though the airplane is fairly new you don't rule out anything
12:37was there a flaw in manufacturing
12:39was there a full drilled where it shouldn't have been drilled
12:42was there some other issue that would cause a crack
12:45to start growing very early in the aircraft's life
12:49well this doesn't look like a fatigue crack at all
12:55it can only mean one thing
12:58overload fracture
13:04overload fractures can occur because the airplanes exceeded speed limits
13:08flight control inputs are severe
13:11severe turbulence can cause overload
13:14and sometimes you have a combination of all three coming together
13:19hey can you get the lights
13:21what pushed this plane past its structural limits
13:26investigators examined the plane's flight path for clues
13:37the flight path from departure
13:41en route to arrival for landing
13:44seemed normal
13:46what happened at this part at the end of the flight
13:53oh
13:54look at that
13:55they discover that the pilots flew an erratic flight path before the plane crashed
14:02that would certainly cause a structural overload
14:06agreed
14:08the crew was on approach
14:10and now suddenly goes through some very tight maneuvers
14:15and you piece that together
14:17with the wreckage you found
14:19and where it was found
14:21and that gives you a much better idea of what led to the accident
14:26investigators speak to the controller
14:29investigators speak to the controller
14:29who oversaw the approach of flight 108
14:32to determine what might have caused the unusual flight path
14:36tell me about the night of the crash
14:39tell me about the night of the crash
14:39uh there was thunderstorm activity from about 740 until just after 8 AM
14:47mm-hmm
14:49uh
14:50did your other flights run into any trouble
14:51they reported moderate icing and turbulence but everyone else landed without incident
14:58okay
14:59no go-arounds no missed approaches
15:02no
15:03okay
15:03no
15:05uh but about six miles out a 737 got hit by lightning
15:14Düsseldorf approach
15:15Lufthansa 1354
15:17we just experienced a lightning strike at 3,000 feet
15:20six miles final
15:23no immediate issues
15:24Lufthansa 1354 Düsseldorf approach
15:27Roger
15:27let me know if you require further assistance
15:31typically when we're concerned about thunderstorms in the airport vicinity
15:34it's not much about the lightning
15:35it's more about the winds and the wind shears that can be powerful enough to push the airplane into the
15:39ground
15:39since airplanes are made of aluminum which conducts electricity
15:44most lightning strikes flow over the skin of the fuselage and safely exit through the tail
15:50I remember one occurrence of flying the aircraft got hit by lightning
15:54there was a sudden flash outside the fuselage
15:58you could hear it
16:00and the airplane kept on going
16:04and there was no associated damage to the aircraft
16:07and we continued on
16:09did you report the lightning strike to flight 108?
16:11yes
16:13NFD 108
16:14the preceding landing experienced a lightning strike about six miles final
16:19Düsseldorf approach
16:21we copy and are looking outside
16:22NFD 108
16:26for flight crews
16:27for flight crews it is not abnormal to deal with thunderstorms and to deal with the probability of some lightning
16:33this flight was very very usual
16:36ok
16:37great
16:38thank you for your time
16:41if it wasn't the weather that caused the pilots to push the plane past its structural limit
16:46what did
16:51will flight 108's black boxes provide clues as to why the plane broke up mid flight
17:00it's not looking good
17:02it's not looking good
17:03how so
17:07flight data recording
17:08and the cockpit voice recording both stopped two minutes before the plane crashed
17:13at the exact same time that the plane started flying erratically
17:19a total power failure
17:22the CVR and the FDR get their power from two separate sources
17:27so the fact that both these recorders stopped at the same time indicates whatever happened affected both electrical systems
17:35not just the one
17:37the Metroliners electrical system is powered by two generators
17:41in the event of a power failure two batteries act as a backup system
17:48but
17:49if it was a total power failure
17:51that means the backup system failed as well
17:55how's that even possible
17:58from the perspective and the explanations coming from the manufacturer
18:02the possibility of a total electrical loss was very low
18:06but during the course of the investigation
18:09we understood more and more
18:11that it could be that the flight crews had a total electrical loss
18:17investigators consider the effects of a total power failure
18:21they would have lost most of their instruments
18:23well except their vertical speed indicator
18:27the altitude and the third attitude indicator
18:32our Metroliners have been installed with a third
18:37independent artificial horizon
18:40it used bleed air coming from the engine
18:43and as long as the engine was running
18:45the artificial horizon was working as well
18:48totally independent from electricity
18:51the standby non-electrical artificial horizon
18:55could have been used by the crew
18:56to help keep the aircraft level and straight
19:03and then the complexity of this accident gets into
19:06why didn't the crew effectively use that standby
19:09but even with limited instruments
19:11who's to say they could have even seen them
19:13oh good point
19:16the lights that illuminated the instruments
19:17may not have been working
19:19huh
19:22you need those instruments
19:23and if you can't see them
19:24then you don't know if you're up or down
19:25you're flying blind at this point
19:39to confirm the unlikely finding of a total electrical failure
19:44the team examines light bulbs from flight one zero eight instrument panel
19:50if the light bulb was on when the plane hit the ground
19:53the hot and pliable filament inside would be stretched
19:58but if the light was off
20:00the cold brittle filament
20:03would break upon impact
20:07all these filaments are broken
20:11the outcome was that we found no bulb
20:16which was under electrical power
20:19during the impact of the aircraft
20:23Investigators now have conclusive evidence
20:26of a sudden total power failure
20:30but what could have caused it?
20:34the controller did tell us that another plane got struck by lightning
20:40maybe this one did too
20:43a lightning strike outside of the aircraft
20:46could lead to a problem with the electrical system inside of the aircraft
20:51if the electrical field of a lightning strike is very very high
20:55could be induced into the aircraft
21:02investigators search for evidence of lightning
21:04striking the fuselage of flight one zero eight
21:10there must be a thousand pieces in here
21:14it's a painstaking process
21:16lightning could have struck anywhere
21:19lightning marks on the skin
21:21would look like a circle
21:23you'll see the paint burned
21:25you may see some localized melting of the metal in that particular area
21:35over here
21:40what do you got?
21:42I found it
21:46once you've found a piece of metal the lightning strike
21:48it's like okay where does it go on the airplane?
21:51what's in the proximity of this?
21:53is it next to the electronics?
21:56is it next to hydraulics?
21:57where is this lightning strike occurring?
22:01the only way to determine where the mystery piece comes from
22:05is to reconstruct sections of the airplane
22:09no
22:11at the time of this accident
22:14reconstructions were fairly typical
22:15mainly didn't have as much data as we have now
22:19so reconstructing it made sense
22:30I think I've got it
22:31investigators match the piece of the plane
22:34to the left side of the fuselage
22:36forward of the wing
22:37this is where the lightning struck
22:40yes
22:42but could a lightning strike in front of the left wing
22:45actually cause a total electrical failure?
22:49there are power system lines running right behind where the lightning struck
22:54can't be a coincidence
22:57is it possible that that lightning strike
22:59entered the electrical wires on the other side
23:02and therefore led to the loss of electrical power
23:06so that would have been the real focus of the investigation at this point
23:16investigators examine what remains of flight 108's electrical wiring
23:21in search of evidence that the lightning strike jumped from the fuselage to the electrical system
23:29you would look for the insulation material on the outside has been burned away
23:35is there melting inside the wires?
23:37evidence that somehow electrical energy got through the insulation barrier
23:42into the wiring
23:44and then was starting to actually melting the wires locally
23:49how odd
23:51those signs of arcing
23:57we checked the wiring
23:58we checked the electronic components
24:00available from the wreckage
24:02for some indication for electrical overload
24:13finding any lightning damage to the wiring?
24:15not yet
24:16it's very possible once the lightning gets into the fuselage
24:20you may not see any direct impact in that area
24:25it flows into the aircraft
24:28and so even wiring that's close by may appear to be unaffected
24:32but now this high energy has gone into the airplane
24:36and the question is where does it go?
24:38maybe I can find something in here
24:41after we found no evidence for damage in the wiring
24:47based on the lightning strike
24:49we had to do a deeper investigation within the systems
24:54and that means we had to look for damages in the avionic components
25:02the team now focuses on even smaller components of the electrical system
25:07the diodes
25:10let's check this out
25:15a diode is an electrical component that allows current to flow in one direction only
25:21preventing reverse current flow that could damage circuits or create malfunctions
25:30if the diode is working properly
25:32there should be resistance to high current flow in one direction and not the other
25:42only 50 ohms
25:44almost nothing
25:45now the reverse
25:55also 50 ohms
25:58but investigators discover low resistance to current flow in both directions
26:04it's shorted
26:11the outcome of our investigation of the diodes was that all diodes were open in both directions
26:17that means the diodes were shorted
26:21the question now was why
26:24we decided to take these to a manufacturer and ask them to do a deeper investigation
26:35results are in
26:36to better understand why the diodes shorted
26:40they examined test results provided by the manufacturer
26:46oh that's interesting
26:49looks like cracks in the center of the diode
26:55once you've seen that a diode has failed
26:57then you can do tests and research on a good diode
27:00to see how much energy it would take basically to fry that diode
27:06voltage tests are done to determine if the cracks in the diodes were the result of a lightning strike
27:12or something else
27:15a thousand volts
27:18investigators learn that when more than a thousand volts are applied to a working diode it will crack
27:24a lightning bolt can carry hundreds of millions of volts more than enough energy to crack the diode
27:30it must have been lightning
27:33the damage of the diodes only can be produced by high voltage
27:42could it be possible that high voltage would be produced within the aircraft
27:47and the answer was you know it could be only produced by the lightning strike
27:56basically the lightning hit the aircraft flowed through the system
28:00it impacted the diodes which fried them cracked them took them offline
28:06and that shut down the electrical systems on the aircraft
28:12the odds of lightning taking out an entire electrical system are
28:17next to impossible
28:18and yet that's what happened
28:23but this doesn't explain why the crew flew into the thunderstorm in the first place
28:29ok
28:31the primary rule is
28:33if you see a thunderstorm
28:35no matter what its size you avoid it
28:39you go around
28:40you divert
28:41you hold
28:43you do whatever you can
28:44you do not want to fly through a thunderstorm
28:53investigators examine nuremberg air services flight operations manual
28:58to understand why the pilots of flight one zero eight ended up in a thunderstorm
29:03i don't get it
29:05it clearly states flights in or near thunderstorm should be absolutely avoided
29:09so why didn't they do the sensible thing and go around the storm
29:13at that time they had several possibilities
29:17one possibility was just to prepare
29:20if they would fly through the thunderstorm
29:23what could happen what they have to do what they have to prepare
29:27another possibility could have been just to divert to another airport
29:33let's have a listen to what the pilots were saying about the storm
29:41check the radar
29:43thunderstorm could be rolling in after all
29:45halfway through the flight the crew learns there's adverse weather ahead
30:00the crew checks dusseldorf airports weather service
30:04information bravo at zero seven zero
30:07but there's no indication of a thunderstorm
30:10once they got the atus their expectation bias was that the weather was getting better
30:14broken clouds at one thousand five hundred feet
30:17nothing but a thunderstorm we should be fine
30:21the captain considers the information and makes his decision
30:26okay
30:28we'll continue with the approach
30:32they just assume best case scenario
30:34and don't do a proper briefing
30:36as professional pilots we always brief each other based off the worst conditions
30:40you never know if that ten percent probability of thunderstorms actually happens
30:43and if it does happen and it's too late
30:45you don't have time to brief it
30:51nfd one zero eight
30:52eleven minutes later the situation becomes more critical
30:57preceding landing experienced a lightning strike about six miles final
31:02if i were the crew and i were on approach and uh
31:05preceding traffic in front of me were to get struck by lightning
31:07at that point i would initiate a missed approach
31:09go around and hold somewhere and figure out what we're going to do
31:11because the weather at that point is moving on to the approach path
31:14you need to take that pretty seriously
31:16but that's not what the pilots do
31:19dusseldorf approach we copy and are looking outside
31:22nfd one zero eight
31:28hey did you hear what happened to walter last weekend
31:31yeah
31:32not surprised
31:34hold on
31:35they should be talking about deviating or go around here
31:38not someone's weekend
31:40they should have been deciding where they were going to go
31:42and what they were going to do
31:43instead of going down this rabbit hole
31:44they just thought the other person's comfortable with it
31:46and will continue going if they're comfortable uncomfortable
31:50investigators continue listening to the cvr
31:52as the pilots prepare for landing
32:10you're left of the center line
32:11what
32:13you're left of the center line you need to turn right
32:16the captain started deviating to the left
32:18apparently without telling the first officer of his plan
32:21i don't want to go in there
32:22i'm trying to get around it
32:23we're too close to the runway
32:24you can't change course now
32:28sounds like the captain is trying to deviate around the storm
32:30and the first officer isn't on the same page
32:34it's a bad idea to try and re-intercept the approach
32:36when you're already unstabilized
32:37it's just a bad idea you just do a go around
32:39oh
32:46okay
32:47i hear you
32:52again no discussion of their options
32:55there's some tension in the cockpit
32:58there's some issue between the captain and the first officer
33:03we don't know exactly what it was
33:05but
33:07clearly this was not conducive
33:10to the crew working together
33:12to determine what was the best course of action
33:15so now
33:17the captain turns the plane directly into the thunderstorm
33:24hold on tight
33:25here it comes
33:33neither crew knew what the other one was doing
33:35they hadn't briefed for the weather
33:37they didn't have the plane set up for flying around in the vicinity of thunderstorms
33:41and they just kept going
33:49why wasn't this crew on the same page
33:56the understanding of the investigation team at that time
34:00was the communication between both pilots was not in a way as it should be
34:07what'd you find
34:09well
34:11investigators examine personnel records for insight into the pilots working relationship
34:19the captain had a total of two thousand four hundred and seventy three flight hours
34:25but
34:26only two hundred and seventy seven hours in the metro three
34:30that's not a lot of experience on type
34:33no it's not
34:34the first officer
34:36the first officer had
34:37basically the same number of flight hours
34:41but
34:43over thirteen hundred hours
34:47in the metro
34:50investigators discover that the first officer had much more experience on the metro liner than the captain
34:59with the crew having such an imbalance in the time the first officer is going to feel like
35:02they could be the captain that they got passed over for the upgrade they have more experience
35:06on the routes they have more experience on the plane more experience with the airline even in
35:10this case she probably didn't trust his handling of the aircraft that's never good in a cockpit
35:20did the pilot's imbalance in experience make it difficult for them to cope with the lightning
35:26strike so they start making their descent here investigators examine how the pilots of flight
35:38108 flew the plane as they entered the thunderstorm and then a minute before they lose power they
35:44start ascending again why would that happen let's hear what happens here
36:00okay glide alive
36:04quarter flaps
36:09selected
36:11three minutes from the airport the captain begins configuring the aircraft for landing
36:16and half laps
36:22half flaps please as they descend towards the runway the captain rushes his flap settings
36:30the plane is now climbing instead of descending the captain requested the next flap setting half flaps
36:38the airplane then ballooned up climbed an altitude 400 feet i'm not sure that was so good
36:46the captain trims the plane's nose down to counteract the increase in altitude
36:52in response to the 400 foot climb the captain trims the airplane rather than just putting a few
36:57uh bits of electric trim and he holds the electric trim uh pitching the nose down quite substantially
37:03he then adds even more nose down trim
37:11we're still slightly high
37:20okay descending
37:24with all that trim the captain has added the plane is in a nose heavy position when the lightning strikes
37:41so now the captain loses the ability to recover
37:45when the lightning strike happens he loses electrical power so he may have a lot more heavier flight controls
37:52that he was prepared for
37:55and when the lightning strikes
37:56the instrument lighting fails
37:58making the instruments impossible to read
38:03there's no emergency procedure in the metroliner manual
38:05uh that tells you what to do if all your batteries fall offline
38:08uh you're a test pilot and at that point you use your pilot experience
38:12one of the things to do was for the non-flying pilot to get a flashlight
38:17to illuminate the standby instrument to help the flying pilot out the flashlights weren't found
38:23we don't know if they're on the aircraft or not the power failure cuts off their ability to see
38:29and to communicate with each other they couldn't hear each other we've lost electrical power
38:38we have nothing you've got a crew that can't communicate because you've lost the intercom system
38:43you've got a headset on and the metro is a very noisy cockpit so you can't hear the other person
38:47and
38:47what they're saying to you if they couldn't see their instruments or hear one another could the
38:52pilot still fly their plane they have aileron and rudder controls which aren't electrical
39:00their engines are still running the runaway is about seven miles away
39:07they should have been able to use the controls they did have to land the plane
39:12so they still had control over the ailerons over the rudder it was difficult but technically still
39:17flyable but without the ability to see their instruments they'd have no way of knowing where they were
39:27seconds later flight 108 is diving towards the ground
39:34the pilots had no chance to control the aircraft in a proper way because the
39:40light for the third artificial horizon was not there and they had no visual ground contact
39:47and i think under these circumstances it's nearly impossible to control the aircraft
39:56investigators finally understand how a lightning strike caused a fatal crash
40:09you're left of the center line what it starts with a poorly functioning crew you're left of the center
40:16line you need to turn right i don't want to go in there i'm trying to get around it we're
40:19too close
40:19to the runway you can't change course now okay i hear you instead of giving him the advice or the
40:28two
40:28crew mentality that we're not where we should be we shouldn't be here the first officer chose to go
40:33the other route which was shut down and only make the minimum calls which were deviation calls half flaps please
40:43the pilots decide to fly their nose heavy aircraft into a thunderstorm
40:52a powerful lightning strike we've lost electrical power causes a total power failure we have nothing
41:02and the disoriented crew where are we i can't tell loses control of the plane
41:26and the pilots blind actions lasting more than a minute sends the plane into extreme turns and banks
41:40are we banking can't tell what's the airspeed don't worry about the speed just pull you think
41:45you can trust your senses but you can't you don't know if you're banking to the left you don't if
41:48you're banking to the right you can't tell if you've got to know it's low or no it's high
41:52you can think you do you can think you trust it at the end of the day your gut instinct
41:56will be wrong
41:58the plane is so overloaded with the g-forces in these turns
42:03it broke up yeah
42:16pull up pull up i'm crying
42:20you're looking at a g-load that literally ripped the engine pylon off the wing that literally broke
42:25the wings bar the strongest part of the airplane broke it like a toothpick that way exceeded what the
42:30aircraft manufacturer ever designed that airplane to go through
42:49the main conclusion of the report by germany's air accident investigation unit is clear
42:55the crew flew into a thunderstorm even though they could have flown around it
43:02you have two fairly experienced pilots that they never ever should have been in that situation
43:07there were red flags throughout if anything can be learned from this one you got to speak up on
43:12a two-crew airplane you can't let the other person take you to the scene of the crash
43:16in their recommendations the fus reiterates the need for training and manuals that clearly describe how to
43:24operate in and near thunderstorms this is a very different crew than we see today who are well
43:32trained in cockpit resource management who work together as a crew and the systems change for the
43:38better and the airplanes are much better as for nuremberg air service the company soon replaced the
43:46remaining metrolinas in its fleet i made myself one of the last flight with the metroliner
43:52i had some tears in my eyes because i think it was not the aircraft's fault
43:56truly opened
43:56me
43:56me
43:58me
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