00:01Small ink producers in Indonesia are grappling with rising production costs as the war in the Middle East disrupts global
00:09supply chains for petroleum-based materials, putting pressure on businesses that depend on oil-derived raw ingredients.
00:18Sigit Pamungkas, who has operated a home-based ink business in Jakarta for 13 years, said the conflict has pushed
00:25up prices of key oil-based inputs, increasing packaging and logistics costs while squeezing profit margins.
01:06The effects are also being felt in schools where ink and markers are essential tools for daily lessons.
01:12The effects are also being felt in schools where ink and markers are essential tools for daily lessons.
01:16The effects are not allowed to be able to provide advice for providing experiments in the future.
01:21We also have been wanting to develop it, although we have a little bit concerned about the taste of the
01:37food in the world.
01:49At the retail level, rising prices are becoming more visible,
01:54with some shop owners warning customers to check updated prices of plastic products as costs climb.
02:01As the conflict in the Middle East continues to disrupt energy and materials markets,
02:06small manufacturers in Indonesia face growing uncertainty over supplies,
02:11threatening their ability to stay in business.
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