EP01 Bettany Hughes Treasures the World S04
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MOVIES. HISTORY. NOSTALGIA.
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MOVIES. HISTORY. NOSTALGIA.
Welcome to Movielib, your cinematic sanctuary.
We explore the golden age of cinema, dust off classic films, and delve into the artistry that shaped movie history. A true library for timeless stories. Subscribe and let the reel roll!
#ClassicFilm #OldHollywood #MovieHistory #CinemaNostalgia #FilmLibrary
Category
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Short filmTranscript
00:00I'm on a global voyage of discovery to explore our shared heritage and how our past shapes all
00:09of our lives. This time I'm heading to southern Croatia. Through time this stunning landscape
00:19has inspired people to do incredible things. This story is waiting for us. Great.
00:30I can't quite believe they've kept me down here. A place glittering with traditions. Jivoli! Jivoli!
00:42And where the gifts of the sea made history.
00:49That's Stone Age 9! I mean, how awesome is that?
01:00Nestled on the eastern edge of the Adriatic, Croatia boasts a stunning shoreline stretching
01:11across 1,700 kilometres with over 1,000 islands.
01:18You can come here and take the rudder. We're going to be the captain.
01:22OK. Unexpected, but, er, all righty.
01:27On its southern coast, the history-rich region of Dalmatia, where waterways have shaped lives
01:34for millennia.
01:37This is the way to live. Am I doing OK, Alec?
01:42You don't need me anymore. I'll go to swim.
01:44I definitely, I definitely, definitely need him.
01:47Welcome to the wonderful treasures of Croatia.
01:59First, the intriguing island of Korcula.
02:04A luxurious setting for the TV blockbuster Succession, where local legend claims medieval explorer Marco Polo was born.
02:15Korcula is home to layers of history.
02:22Some long lost to the waves of the Adriatic.
02:27Dalmatia is made by the sea.
02:29But my investigations are actually going to start under the water, because I've been tipped off.
02:35There is the most incredible excavation that's happening just over there.
02:40Marte Perida and his team have been working here since 2021,
02:50when they discovered a mysterious, underwater, stone-age world.
02:57This white area, this is the probes that we find a road.
03:17The road is going in that direction.
03:19A stone-age road?
03:25Marte, why have they got a road in the stone-age?
03:28Yeah, because they made artificial island with the coastline,
03:33and that road connects this settlement to the coast of Korcula.
03:38So it's a settlement, and they've made an artificial island in the stone-age,
03:43but for protection, or because they're trading here, or...?
03:48We suppose that some kind of protection.
03:51Probably this settlement is focused on the maritime trading.
03:56They bring some stuff from Italy, from other destinations,
04:02and trade in the eastern Adriatic.
04:07So that's...
04:09You're marking out where it is?
04:11That is the marking.
04:13This story's waiting for us.
04:18Great.
04:19Great.
04:19What a great day.
04:27Okay, ready?
04:28Let's go.
04:28Let's go.
04:43It's incredible to think that in 5000 BCE,
04:52all this would have stood above water.
04:55A stunning feat of engineering.
04:59The seabed is absolutely littered with clues.
05:02He's putting us up.
05:26I think he might have something.
05:27Have you got something?
05:29Look.
05:30Yeah.
05:31We find some flint blades.
05:32Oh.
05:33Is that okay to hold?
05:34Yes, yes.
05:35Carefully.
05:36No way.
05:37So this is...
05:38Yes.
05:39For cutting.
05:40Yeah, for cutting.
05:41Yeah, for cutting.
05:42It's a characteristic for a Neolithic.
05:43Yeah.
05:44And this...
05:45Hang on a second.
05:46So this I'm holding is probably around 7,000 years old.
05:47Yes, yes.
05:48Seven thousand years old.
05:49Look, look, look, look.
05:50So they have used this maybe for slicing meat or leather or...
05:52Yeah, everything.
05:53Everything.
05:54Yeah.
05:55Wow.
05:56Oh, that is awesome.
05:57That's awesome.
05:58And there's a lot of this stuff down there.
05:59Yeah.
06:00Where is the flint coming from?
06:01Probably it's from the Monte Gargano in Italy.
06:02That's what shows you that they're traveling and trading.
06:03Yeah.
06:04Yeah.
06:05Yeah.
06:06Yeah.
06:07Yeah.
06:08Yeah.
06:09Yeah.
06:10Yeah.
06:11Yeah.
06:12Yeah.
06:13Yeah.
06:14Yeah.
06:15Yeah.
06:16Yeah.
06:17Yeah.
06:18Yeah.
06:19Yeah.
06:20Yeah.
06:21Yeah.
06:22Yeah.
06:23Yeah.
06:24Yeah.
06:25Yeah.
06:26Yes.
06:27Yeah.
06:28Yeah.
06:29So it's like a sophisticated stone age civilization.
06:32Yeah.
06:33So look at this, look there.
06:34Stone Age knives.
06:36I mean how awesome is that?
06:39From Italy.
06:40So they're like choosing to get this material.
06:44And that shows how sophisticated they are, 7,000 years ago.
06:48But I'm slightly anxious about holding them coming.
06:50Without holding them, can I give them back to you?
06:53I really do not want to drop those.
06:57There, there, there's some other.
06:59Nice.
07:00Nice, eh?
07:03This unique site completely alters our understanding
07:08of how Neolithic people in the region lived
07:10and what they were capable of.
07:13You've got beautiful, decorated pottery and bones that are being worked.
07:19And this, look at this, this little tiny,
07:20it's an arrowhead, isn't it?
07:21Yeah, we find a lot of them.
07:24Where on the boat you described it as an artificial island?
07:27But, I mean, that's incredible.
07:29That's in the Stone Age, in prehistory.
07:32Yes, it's a very good organisation.
07:34And how did you find it?
07:36How did you know it was here?
07:37We saw that on the satellite image.
07:40We saw something, but we didn't know, is this natural?
07:45Yeah.
07:45Or is it artificial?
07:47And we, after we dived, we said, okay, yeah, this is something.
07:52Totally.
07:52This is something, yeah.
07:54Neolithic people are often thought to be nomadic hunters,
07:58but this site points to them living in sophisticated settlements
08:02and creating international trading networks.
08:05The evidence also reveals a taste for the finer things in life.
08:11My eye is being caught by these two things.
08:14And they're in water.
08:15This is sea water.
08:16Or is this desalinating them?
08:18Yes.
08:18So it's taking the salts out?
08:20Yes.
08:20Yes.
08:20But what are these two beautiful things?
08:24This is head of a needle.
08:25It's very good work, very precision work.
08:27You say a needle, but it looks more like something you'd use to decorate your hair.
08:31More like a hair pin.
08:33There's a food find that's totally unexpected.
08:37And these, I mean, I just almost dare not ask about these,
08:40because it looks to me like this is...
08:42Almonds, because these layers are without oxygen.
08:47Yeah.
08:47And we can find all organic things.
08:50So we find a lot of bits of shells of the almond.
08:56Find three olive bits.
08:59Olive stones?
09:00Olive stones, yeah.
09:01There are two of them.
09:02Yeah?
09:02Yeah.
09:03You see that?
09:04Because this is rewriting the story.
09:05Yeah.
09:06Because what we're told is that olives don't arrive here until...
09:09From the Greek time.
09:10From the Greek time.
09:11Yeah, but it's not true.
09:12No.
09:13But I think that trade and communication was a bigger deal than we think.
09:19Yeah.
09:19But isn't that amazing to think of them here,
09:21with their beautiful paved roads?
09:24Yeah.
09:25Enjoying almonds, olive oil.
09:27Yeah.
09:27A little fresh, fresh olive.
09:29Wearing something beautiful in their hair.
09:31You know, decorating themselves.
09:33Oh, yeah.
09:33And they send it to Radio Carbondate.
09:36Yeah.
09:36They're also 7,000 years old.
09:39It's just incredible.
09:42Because all of this, put together, all these bits of evidence,
09:46it really is...
09:47It's rewriting the story of what we think of civilization.
09:52Because it's starting much, much, much further back.
09:54Yes, yes.
09:55It's for the first time in Adriatic Sea.
09:58Yeah.
09:59Prehistoric seafarers.
10:00Yes.
10:01Well, I'm...
10:02Honestly, I'm so grateful that you've let us come here and see all this as it's happening.
10:07And it's just, you know, it's astonishing.
10:09It's truly astonishing seeing this and seeing the place where it came from.
10:20There's one other prehistoric treasure on the island I just have to show you.
10:26It's just so awe-inspiring here, isn't it?
10:45So archaeologists who are working here, this is called the Great Cave,
10:51have discovered evidence of women and men living here as long as 18,000 years ago.
10:59So that's right back to the Ice Age.
11:02Which would have meant there'd have been people here at the same time as that community
11:05who are creating that beautiful settlement under the sea.
11:08So, isn't that fabulous to think about that?
11:11Women and men carving out a prehistoric life for themselves, both ends of the island.
11:25The people who lived here were Stone Age communities,
11:29actually going right the way back to the Ice Age.
11:31And they were really pioneering.
11:33So, you know, they obviously traded in ships.
11:37They developed these amazing settlements for themselves.
11:41You know, it was tough to live back then.
11:43But they're developing these rich, nourishing lives for themselves
11:50and in many ways leaving us the foundations of the lives that we live today.
12:07My next treasure on Croatia's Dalmatian coast
12:13is one of the best preserved defence systems in the world.
12:19The walls of Ston, designed to protect a natural wonder.
12:25700 years ago, the Republic of Ragusa thrived in Dalmatia.
12:31Their land territory was modest, but Ragusa became a maritime power,
12:37punching above its weight, combining cosmopolitan diplomacy
12:41with commerce across the waves.
12:45In 1399, the Republic acquired Peldrishak, a slender, mountainous peninsula.
12:52The rugged hills are dotted with ancient local burials, Roman villas
12:58and some of the world's steepest vineyards,
13:02famous since antiquity for their potent red wines.
13:06But for medieval Ragusa, Ston was a vital source of a particular income.
13:13Because the shallow bay here provides what they called white gold.
13:18These have been in use since Roman times,
13:34which makes these salt pans the oldest working salt pans anywhere in Europe.
13:42Hello.
13:44Hello.
13:45Hello.
13:46Yeah.
13:47Is this your, uh, salt pan cat?
13:51Are you a Croatian salt pan cat?
13:54Yeah, I bet there have been cats here in Roman times as well.
13:57What a nice scoop of a fork.
13:59You cannot overstate how important salt was in pre-modern times.
14:06Without fridges, it was how you preserved everything.
14:10Salt alone brought in one-third of all income to the Republic of Ragusa.
14:16Our bodies don't produce salt, but we can't live without it.
14:22These salt pans yield 500 tonnes every year.
14:27So, although this fruit of the sea represented a lot of cash,
14:32one pool was always reserved for the poor.
14:35So, they too could access this life essential.
14:46You've got to come and have a look at this.
14:48Isn't it awesome?
14:49So, this is where all the salt is stored.
14:54And there were piles of salt like this going right back 2,000 years here.
14:59And do you know what?
15:00There's actually a direct connection between the Roman salt industry and our own lives
15:05because the Latin word for salt is sal.
15:10And there's another word that they used, which was salarium.
15:14And a salarium was either money that was given to Roman soldiers to buy their salt rations,
15:20or a salarium was when Roman soldiers were actually paid in salt.
15:25And it gives us our word salary.
15:28So, it's like the ancient world reaching out across to us.
15:31And it's lovely here.
15:33It's really beautiful.
15:34It's very sort of timeless and calming and magical for some reason.
15:41It's lovely.
15:41By luck, the day we're here, there's a festival celebrating local food and wine.
16:07In vino veritas, in vino veritas, in vino veritas.
16:30Something else the Romans did here was start oyster farms, because the oysters are...
16:35the most beautiful woman in the TV.
16:38Oh, thank you very much.
16:40Thank you very much.
16:41Really, I really mean that.
16:42Oh, well, that's big flattery.
16:44Not after I've had too much wine here.
16:46I won't be.
16:48Hi, hello.
16:49Can I, um, can I get a glass of wine?
16:53Oh, thank you.
16:54Voila.
16:56Cheers.
16:57Are these your oysters?
16:59Mm-hmm.
17:00Because I'm a lifelong vegetarian,
17:03so I'm definitely not going to eat those oysters.
17:05But our producer, Johnny, who's just behind us,
17:11loves an oyster.
17:14Look at this, Johnny.
17:16So, I've never eaten meat or fish in my life,
17:18but these are supposed to be exquisite and special.
17:22Can I try one?
17:23Yes.
17:24Go, go for it.
17:24Go for it.
17:25Twelve.
17:26Yeah.
17:27Oh, my gosh.
17:32Yeah.
17:32Absolutely delicious.
17:35Yeah.
17:36They are supposed to be absolutely delicious.
17:37They'll be flat.
17:39Right.
17:39But juicy, griny.
17:42Everything you want from the most.
17:43Is it?
17:44Never having had one.
17:45But they are supposed to be amazing here
17:47because there's, um, a river,
17:49it's that mineral-rich river
17:50that runs down to the salty water
17:52and combines and they're supposed to be...
17:54Are those the best oysters you've ever tasted?
17:59Spitting out some chum, is it?
18:01Roman emperors adored stone oysters,
18:03taking them on campaign.
18:05But for me, there's another treat.
18:07Cake?
18:08Now you're talking.
18:10This one?
18:12Yeah.
18:12Yeah.
18:13Yeah.
18:14Why not?
18:17Oh, I've heard about this.
18:20Oh, my God.
18:21Okay.
18:22I am not going to be able to move this afternoon.
18:25So this cake is traditional to stone
18:28and it's a mixture of pasta, almonds,
18:32other nuts and chocolate.
18:34And it's probably got about 450,000 calories per forkful.
18:40Go for it.
18:44It's like eating pasta covered in chocolate.
18:48So I should have to wash that down
18:50with another little sip of wine, though.
18:54Time to walk off all that indulgence.
19:03The twin towns of Ston and Marley Ston, or Little Ston,
19:08carefully controlled access to the wealth of the peninsula.
19:12A crucial pinch point kept safe by some of the most gravity-defying fortifications in Europe.
19:24Hold it.
19:26Tell me, Marley Ston and Marley Ston is going to be on the future of the키.
19:43I'm trying to walk off all that maybe.
19:45Oh, no.
19:45I have to walk off all that.
19:46Don't walk away.
19:47We'll go in.
19:47Take it away.
19:47Oh, no.
19:48These walls, which are quite an adventure to climb,
20:08were built to protect the white gold
20:10that was produced in the salt pans down there.
20:13And they were started in the 14th century,
20:15and by the time they were finished,
20:16they were 7,000 metres long.
20:20So they're affectionately known as the Great Walls of Croatia,
20:24which actually isn't a bad name,
20:26because next to the Great Wall of China,
20:28these are one of the biggest defensive wall systems
20:32anywhere in the world.
20:37The walls of Stom held back invaders for over 500 years.
20:41Napoleon's army did breach them in 1806,
20:46but these resilient ramparts still stand strong.
20:53How amazing it's been to witness the natural treasures here in Stom,
20:58and then to experience this extraordinary, monumental,
21:02human-made wonder created to protect it all.
21:06My next stop transports us back to ancient Rome,
21:27and a time when this coastline was pivotal for the Roman Empire.
21:33It's Croatia's second-largest city,
21:37Split.
21:39I'm just in time for another special day.
21:42So, I'll time my visit here on the feast day of St. Dominus,
21:59who's the patron saint of the city.
22:01So this only happens once a year,
22:04and it celebrates the fact that he was martyred,
22:08and was a Christian who supported the church.
22:10But I love the fact they've got incense,
22:12which is a very ancient Roman thing.
22:19Pretty apt, because Split was home to a game-changing Roman emperor,
22:27Diocletian.
22:28You can really get a sense of Diocletian's character
22:34from this exquisite gold coin
22:38that I am incredibly lucky to be allowed to hold.
22:42Just look at his expression.
22:44He's really ferocious,
22:45and he's got this close-cropped military-style beard
22:49with a laurel wreath in his hair.
22:51And then if you just look at the back of the coin there,
22:55there's an image of Jupiter,
22:57the king of the gods,
22:59brandishing a spear and holding Victoria,
23:03who was the goddess of victory,
23:05in his hand.
23:06And this was minted in the year 290 CE
23:09in what's now modern-day Turkey.
23:12And this was the time when Diocletian
23:14was also associating himself with Jupiter.
23:18So basically he was telling the world,
23:21like the king of the gods,
23:23I am super-powerful,
23:25I'm indomitable,
23:27I'm pretty much omnipotent.
23:31He ruled the empire with an iron fist for 20 years,
23:36strengthening borders
23:36and unleashing a ferocious persecution of Christians.
23:40He also established the Tetrarchy,
23:44splitting the Roman Empire into east and west.
23:48Two emperors,
23:49the Augusti,
23:50shared rule,
23:51assisted by two junior leaders,
23:54the Caesars.
23:57In his early 60s,
23:59Diocletian did something extraordinary,
24:02something no emperor had ever done before
24:04or would do again.
24:06He voluntarily retired
24:09to this mega-palace.
24:12This is the Golden Gate
24:17and it gives you access
24:19inside Diocletian's original palace.
24:25His seaside retirement home
24:28was completed in 305 CE.
24:31Its design,
24:37rectangular,
24:38with towering walls,
24:39four entrance gates
24:40and 16 defensive towers,
24:43echoes the structure
24:43of a Roman military camp.
24:46With the empire under threat,
24:48the fortified palace
24:49was a safe haven,
24:51evolving into a city
24:52that still thrives today.
24:54In Diocletian's time,
25:03the palace was a fusion
25:04of luxury and military might,
25:08where he etched his legacy
25:09in stone.
25:11This is basically
25:21a grand entrance hall
25:23where Diocletian
25:25would welcome visitors
25:26from right across the empire
25:27and be raised on the podium
25:29underneath a canopy.
25:31And it's really interesting
25:32because obviously
25:32I'm here in Croatia,
25:34but just look at where
25:35the materials come from.
25:36So these granite columns
25:38are from Asia Minor.
25:40What's now?
25:41Turkey.
25:42And over there,
25:43there's a sphinx in Egypt.
25:46So even though
25:47he wasn't emperor anymore,
25:49it's all a reminder
25:50of Diocletian's
25:52enduring power
25:53within a vast,
25:55interconnected empire.
26:00Diocletian was not shy
26:02about coming forward.
26:04He'd wear purple robes
26:05and a golden crown.
26:07And he hated being in Rome
26:09because there,
26:10they treated him
26:11like a human being,
26:13whereas here,
26:14they treated him
26:15like a god.
26:16archaeologists who are working here
26:34have lent me this awesome graphic map
26:38that they're producing
26:39of the city beneath the city.
26:41So this is the bay
26:43where I came in by boat.
26:45This is the whole city here
26:46and they're literally
26:47mapping the city
26:48beneath the city.
26:49Look.
26:49So this is Diocletian's palace.
26:52Amazing.
26:53I spent the night
26:55just here
26:57next to the vestibule.
26:58So where I'm heading
27:00to where I'm heading
27:00is this little white mark here
27:02which I think
27:03is just around this corner.
27:10This is right.
27:11I can't quite believe
27:30they've kept me down here.
27:32So what I'm standing in
27:34right now
27:35would have been
27:35a furnace,
27:36a huge kind of oven
27:38for heating hot air
27:41to go in here.
27:44Look.
27:44Look at this.
27:45I mean, look at that.
27:46That is just pure Diocletian period.
27:49Here we go.
27:51So these are part
27:52of this hypercore system.
27:54So they're the bases of pillars.
27:55So actually,
27:56the floor would have been above me
27:57and it heated air
27:59for the baths,
28:01Diocletian's baths.
28:03So where I'm standing
28:04right now
28:04is basically
28:06in his private apartments
28:08in his private chambers.
28:09So I'm experiencing
28:11the sensual pleasure
28:14enjoyed
28:15by a Roman emperor
28:171700 years ago.
28:22And today
28:23is my home too.
28:25And if you're lucky enough
28:36to stay here,
28:38then you get to spend
28:39the night
28:39surrounded by the walls
28:41of a Roman emperor's palace.
28:46Spending a night
28:47within the palace walls
28:49gives you
28:49a unique connection
28:51to the past.
28:53While the bustling streets
28:54outside
28:55keep it alive
28:56with a big dose
28:59of Croatian hospitality
29:00thrown in.
29:02Hi.
29:03Hi.
29:04You need to try this
29:05typical commercial
29:06for this part of the zone.
29:08Yeah.
29:08And also you need to try
29:09this later.
29:10Okay.
29:11Also typical from Croatia.
29:13Yeah.
29:13Yeah, also.
29:14Okay.
29:15You are very kind.
29:17Thank you all.
29:17And I feel incredibly welcome
29:19here in Split.
29:20What do you say?
29:20Jivili.
29:21Jivili.
29:21Jivili.
29:22Jivili.
29:22Nice.
29:27Lovely.
29:28Like this, sir?
29:29Yeah, I haven't got a hand
29:30but I'll go and put it down.
29:33You can have just two hands, sir.
29:34I think just two hands,
29:35just one mouth.
29:36Yeah, enjoy it, guys.
29:37So, this happens a lot in Croatia.
29:41Randomly, people come up.
29:43I think they've seen the programmes
29:44so it's because they love history
29:45and they just kind of fly us
29:46with food and drink.
29:47So I don't actually know about this.
29:48This is a walnut liqueur.
29:51It's very delicious.
29:52We're going to have a sneaky soup.
29:53And I might give this to the queen.
30:06So this extraordinary building here
30:09was originally Diocletian's mausoleum
30:11but the incredible irony
30:14is that after his persecution
30:16of all of these Christians
30:18that burial place
30:20has been changed into a church.
30:25To add insult to injury
30:27it now honours St. Dominus
30:30once the local bishop
30:32who was killed
30:33on the orders of Diocletian himself.
30:37Diocletian's plans
30:38for a powerful pagan Roman Empire
30:41soon fell apart
30:43and his tetrarchy
30:45descended into brutal civil war.
30:51What a city this is.
30:54There's a great story
30:55because we're told that
30:56towards the end of his life
30:57Diocletian became really keen
30:59on growing vegetables
31:01and when imperial officers
31:03came to try to persuade him
31:04to become an emperor once more
31:06he said
31:07just tell all that
31:08to my cabbages
31:09how can I possibly
31:11exchange
31:12a never satisfied greed
31:15for all this peace?
31:20He may not have been able
31:21to save the old Roman religion
31:23or keep his empire together
31:25but his palace
31:27and the extraordinary city
31:30that now lives within it
31:31are a legacy
31:32to be proud of.
31:37We're sailing right into
31:53Dubrovnik now
31:54and it's really interesting
31:55because there's a possibility
31:57that the name Croatia
31:58comes from a really ancient route
32:00meaning one huge gas
32:02and certainly three times
32:05this coastline
32:06protected the really rich
32:07interior of the country
32:08so you get these amazing
32:10fortified cities
32:11all along the coastline
32:13and arguably
32:14Dubrovnik is the best.
32:16Yes, of course
32:17My final stop
32:28Dubrovnik
32:28has been called
32:30the Pearl of the Adriatic
32:32where natural wonders
32:34were proudly protected
32:35and the gifts of the earth
32:38traded.
32:38You can hear all the swallows
32:42coming in at the end
32:44of the day
32:44Isn't that beautiful?
32:48If there are any
32:49Game of Thrones
32:50fans out there
32:51this is Blackwater Bay.
32:57This city's story
32:58begins with the sea
32:59a haven for refugees
33:01from the turmoil
33:02following the fall
33:04of the Roman Empire.
33:04The city thrived
33:07growing into a great court
33:10Ragusa
33:11the origin of the name
33:13of the medieval
33:14Republic of Ragusa
33:15that would flourish
33:16on the Dalmatian coast.
33:18By the 14th century
33:20Ragusa
33:21or Dubrovnik
33:23as we know it
33:24rivaled its one time
33:25master
33:26Venice
33:26just across the Adriatic
33:28and the city
33:30is still revealing
33:32new secrets.
33:34This is a place
33:42that's full
33:43of hidden gems.
33:50Some of Dubrovnik's
33:52most precious treasures
33:53are hidden
33:54in the Cathedral
33:55of the Assumption of Mary
33:57raised in 1667
34:00after an earthquake
34:01that devastated the city.
34:03I'm lucky to get in
34:06before the crowds
34:07and I'm promised
34:10a bit of a surprise.
34:18Closely guarded within
34:20are extraordinary
34:22medieval relics
34:24many a thousand years old.
34:32Including
34:33the arms and head
34:35of St. Blaise
34:36the patron saint
34:38of Dubrovnik
34:39encased in some
34:41of the silver
34:42and gold
34:42that this
34:43treasure city
34:44traded
34:45helping
34:46to make it
34:47so rich.
34:48seismic activity here
35:09uncovered
35:10another marvel.
35:12This cathedral
35:17is just
35:17full
35:18of wonders
35:19isn't it
35:19but
35:20there was
35:21an earthquake
35:21here
35:22in 1979
35:23that revealed
35:24something
35:24truly
35:25astonishing.
35:27Hello
35:27this is Ivan
35:28and Ivan
35:28hi
35:29and Bethany
35:29hi
35:30thank you so much
35:31for coming
35:31so
35:32Ivan's promised
35:33to reveal it
35:35to me
35:35and I've got
35:36a funky feeling
35:36it's down
35:37down here.
35:37and let's
35:38go down
35:39and see.
35:41Archaeologist
35:42Ivan Veeden
35:43is devoted
35:44to uncovering
35:45Dubrovnik's
35:46treasures.
35:47Ivan
35:48it's incredible
35:48is it okay
35:49for me to come in?
35:50Yeah please do.
35:53Ivan
35:53this is
35:54totally incredible.
35:55So we're kind of
35:56what two meters
35:57three meters?
35:57Yeah
35:58two and a half meters
35:59at least.
36:02Down here
36:03archaeologists
36:04discovered
36:05the cathedral
36:06had been
36:07rebuilt
36:07three times
36:09across the
36:09centuries
36:10with
36:11earliest
36:11remains
36:12dating back
36:13to the
36:13late
36:14Roman
36:14period.
36:15So we are
36:16entering
36:17the main
36:17site
36:18the main
36:19nave
36:19of
36:20the so-called
36:20Byzantine
36:21cathedral
36:21so
36:22they knew
36:23that there was
36:24something here
36:25from the 12th
36:25century
36:25so it's
36:26kind of
36:26crusading
36:26time
36:27but what
36:28we're
36:28standing on
36:28now
36:29goes centuries
36:30back
36:30centuries
36:31back
36:31yeah
36:31it's really
36:32cool
36:33is it okay
36:33to tread
36:34here?
36:34Yeah
36:34just be
36:35careful about
36:36the curbs
36:36I will
36:37be careful
36:37about
36:37thank you
36:38very much
36:38yeah
36:39but look
36:46Ivan
36:46look at
36:46that
36:47yeah
36:47this is
36:48the
36:48eps
36:48yeah
36:49and the
36:50bishop's
36:50chair
36:50the bishop's
36:51cathedral
36:51and the
36:52fresco
36:53paintings
36:53because
36:53all this
36:54cathedral
36:55was completely
36:56covered in
36:56frescoes
36:57but they're
37:03so fresh
37:05yeah
37:05they are
37:06really
37:06but this
37:12is at
37:12least a
37:13thousand
37:13years
37:13at least
37:13a thousand
37:14years
37:14exactly
37:14it's really
37:16fascinating
37:16this
37:16because
37:16if this
37:17pushes
37:17back
37:18the dating
37:19of Dubrovnik
37:19it completely
37:20changes
37:20the story
37:21it was said
37:21that these
37:22refugees
37:22came here
37:23and founded
37:23it but
37:23this would
37:24have been
37:24earlier
37:25than that
37:25yeah
37:25this goes
37:25centuries
37:26back
37:27and it's
37:28still an
37:28open question
37:29of debate
37:29among scholars
37:30about this
37:31first centuries
37:32of Dubrovnik
37:32yeah
37:32but don't you
37:33love that
37:34about history
37:35you get these
37:35little secrets
37:36that are revealed
37:37and then
37:38the whole story
37:40of the place
37:40changes
37:41yeah
37:41it's like a
37:41circle of
37:42questions and
37:42answers all
37:43over again
37:43yeah
37:44because every
37:44answer gets
37:45you another
37:46question
37:47yeah
37:47amazing
37:48thank you so
37:49much for
37:49letting me down
37:50here
37:50you're welcome
37:51yeah
37:51awesome
37:52Dubrovnik
38:02has been
38:02forged by
38:04its dynamic
38:04geography
38:05and has
38:06benefited from
38:07it too
38:08all in
38:09abundant
38:10evidence
38:11on the
38:11tiny island
38:13of Lokrum
38:13a short
38:15ferry ride
38:16from the
38:16city
38:17it's just so
38:44peaceful
38:45here
38:46and the
38:47plants are
38:48nuts
38:48aren't they
38:49and there's
38:50a reason
38:50for that
38:51the
38:52Benedictine
38:52monks
38:53who were
38:53once here
38:54nourished
38:55foliage
38:56as a kind
38:57of act
38:57of worship
38:58to God
38:59and then
39:00centuries
39:00later
39:01this island
39:02sort of
39:03became a
39:03botanical
39:04scientific
39:05experiment
39:05when plants
39:06from Europe
39:07Asia and
39:08Africa
39:08were all
39:09grown together
39:10and now
39:11they're
39:12beautifully
39:13entwined
39:13in this
39:14kind of
39:14glorious
39:15hymn
39:16to life
39:17over the
39:27centuries
39:27many
39:28household
39:29names
39:29from history
39:30have found
39:30their way
39:31here
39:31one of
39:36the people
39:36to experience
39:37all of
39:38this
39:38was a
39:39medieval
39:40king of
39:40England
39:41no less
39:42Richard the
39:43Lionheart
39:43who came
39:44here in
39:441192
39:45on his way
39:46home from
39:47the Crusades
39:47and the story
39:49goes
39:49there was a
39:50terrible storm
39:51and his
39:51boats were
39:52shipwrecked
39:53along these
39:54shores
39:54that the
39:55islands
39:55gave him
39:56sanctuary
39:56and so
39:57in thanks
39:58he decided
39:59to found
40:00a church
40:01in this
40:02lovely
40:03place
40:03it's just
40:10incredible
40:11thinking about
40:12everybody who's
40:13come here
40:14because it was
40:15such a thoroughfare
40:16and I'm
40:17loving it
40:18just sitting and
40:19looking at this
40:19now
40:20other people
40:20tourists and
40:21travellers
40:21and you know
40:22adventurers
40:23and crusaders
40:25even would have
40:26had the same
40:26experience
40:27so yeah
40:28it's lovely
40:29being here
40:29it's a
40:29beautiful
40:30place
40:30but it's
40:30got
40:30beautiful
40:31memories
40:32this place
40:33too
40:33Dubrovnik's
40:44freedom
40:45was ferociously
40:46protected
40:46for over
40:48500 years
40:49the city's
40:50intimidating
40:51walls
40:51almost 2
40:53kilometres
40:53long
40:54and up to
40:546 metres
40:55thick in
40:55places
40:56kept its
40:57people
40:58safe
40:58and this
41:12inscription
41:12which by the
41:13way is on
41:14what was the
41:15red keep
41:15in the game
41:16of thrones
41:16pretty much
41:17says it all
41:17so it
41:18translates as
41:20freedom
41:20cannot be
41:22bought
41:22for all
41:23the gold
41:24in the
41:25world
41:25that freedom
41:28was solely
41:29tested
41:29from 1991
41:31when Dubrovnik
41:32was besieged
41:34by the
41:34Yugoslav
41:35people's army
41:36during the
41:37Croatian war
41:38of independence
41:39Mihaila Skuric
41:41who lived
41:42through that
41:42siege
41:43is a champion
41:44of the city's
41:45heritage
41:46which you
41:47could not
41:47have a better
41:48view than
41:48this
41:49it's amazing
41:50isn't it
41:51so brilliant
41:52to meet up
41:53here
41:53because you
41:54get such
41:54a sense
41:54of how
41:55the city's
41:55entwined
41:56with nature
41:57yes it is
41:58it's walled
41:59by its
42:00marvellous
42:00city walls
42:01but you
42:02see the
42:02gardens
42:03inside
42:03you see
42:04there's even
42:05one vineyard
42:05and the
42:07sea
42:07you know
42:08it's all
42:09connected to
42:09the sea
42:09you can't
42:10actually picture
42:12it without
42:12it
42:13and you
42:13know
42:13you're
42:14the same
42:14as me
42:14because as
42:16historians
42:16you can
42:17just imagine
42:17all the
42:18ships
42:18that would
42:18have come
42:19here
42:19trading
42:19salt
42:20and silver
42:21and silk
42:22yes they
42:23brought so
42:24many goods
42:24to the city
42:25and so
42:25many news
42:26but what
42:26Dubrovnik
42:27kept was
42:28always its
42:28freedom
42:29and its
42:30legacy
42:31liberty
42:31is on the
42:32flag of
42:33Dubrovnik
42:33yes it's
42:34the most
42:34important
42:35value
42:35that he
42:36inherited
42:36from
42:36ancestors
42:37for my
42:39generations
42:39it's very
42:40very important
42:40because you
42:41know that
42:42it took
42:42so many
42:43skills
42:43and efforts
42:44to protect
42:45it and
42:45throughout
42:46the history
42:46people of
42:48Dubrovnik
42:48really made
42:49magnificent
42:50task of
42:52preserving it
42:53for future
42:53generations
42:55because you
42:56were a child
42:57here weren't you
42:57during the war
42:58of independence
42:59yes I was
43:00just 11 years
43:01old and we
43:02all fled
43:02you know to
43:03Dubrovnik
43:03thinking that
43:05it would never
43:05be attacked
43:06but it was
43:07attacked
43:08it was shelled
43:09and it was
43:10under siege
43:11for several
43:11months
43:12and many
43:13of our
43:13greatest
43:14monuments
43:14were damaged
43:16back then
43:16you know any
43:17building
43:17it's not just
43:19a building
43:19it carries
43:19memory and
43:20history and
43:21identity
43:21it's important
43:23to save them
43:24to restore them
43:25but for its
43:26cultural value
43:28but what
43:28means to us
43:30being its
43:31inheritance
43:32it's the
43:33identity
43:33they give
43:34to us
43:35so our city
43:36has provided
43:37so much
43:37to us
43:38and it
43:38still is
43:39doing the
43:40same job
43:40and it
43:41is the
43:42foundation
43:42of our
43:43being here
43:44so it's a
43:44city to be
43:45cherished
43:46you know our
43:47city Dubrovnik
43:48has been actually
43:49like a member
43:50of our family
43:51honestly just
43:57look at that
43:59place
44:00Dubrovnik's a
44:01real reminder
44:02that when cities
44:03work with
44:05nature
44:05they succeed
44:07and thanks to
44:09the persistent
44:10resilience of
44:11its citizens
44:12even despite
44:14being pounded
44:15by earthquakes
44:16this really
44:18is a pearl
44:18that hasn't
44:20just survived
44:20it's thrived
44:22the Adriatic
44:40has forged
44:42the spirits
44:43and the stories
44:44of Croatia
44:45and it feels
44:46as though
44:47these waves
44:48and this
44:48beautiful sea
44:49have beaten
44:50out this
44:51kind of
44:52vibrant
44:52narrative
44:53full of
44:54optimism
44:54and opportunity
44:55and inspiration
44:57and prosperity
44:58and sheer
44:59enjoyment
45:00that has
45:01nourished this
45:02place from
45:03the time of
45:04ancient
45:04seafarers
45:05right up
45:06until today
45:07here in
45:10Croatia
45:11natural resources
45:12were celebrated
45:13and respected
45:14fostering
45:16an expansive
45:17interconnectedness
45:18with the
45:19wider world
45:20a testament
45:21to harmony
45:22between us
45:23the land
45:24and the sea
45:26and the sea
45:28and the sea
45:29and the sea
45:30and the sea
45:31and the sea
45:32and the sea
45:33and the sea
45:34and the sea
45:34and the sea
45:35and the sea
45:36and the sea
45:36and the sea
45:37and the sea
45:38and the sea
45:39and the sea
45:39and the sea
45:40and the sea
45:40and the sea
45:41and the sea
45:42and the sea
45:42and the sea
45:43and the sea
45:44and the sea
45:45and the sea
45:46and the sea
45:46and the sea
45:47and the sea
45:47and the sea
45:47and the sea
45:48and the sea
45:49and the sea
45:49and the sea
45:49and the sea
45:50and the sea
45:51and the sea
45:51and the sea
45:52and the sea
45:53and the sea
45:54and the sea
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