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Masked federal agents are conducting immigration enforcement operations across American cities. Until now, no one knew who they were behind the mask. Using body camera footage and a custom AI tool, WIRED spent months cross-referencing court records and reports to identify Border Patrol and ICE agents involved in incidents that left American citizens with cracked ribs and no answers. This is Incognito Mode.
Transcript
00:00Andy, Andy, doors, doors, doors.
00:05What you're seeing is Border Patrol agents
00:08descend on the Irving Park neighborhood
00:09on the north side of Chicago.
00:12I've been reporting on police my entire career.
00:15This was an example of blatant violence, excessive force.
00:19Like countless other immigration enforcement operations,
00:22this one descends into violence,
00:24ultimately leaving an American citizen with six broken ribs.
00:27As we've seen since the start of the second Trump administration,
00:30these agents are all wearing masks,
00:32and none of their identities were known until now.
00:35Thanks to records released as part of a lawsuit
00:37against the Department of Homeland Security,
00:39WIRE was able to identify these agents and hundreds of others
00:42that used force against American citizens
00:44and undocumented people alike.
00:46Today, we'll break down how we identify these officers.
00:49This is Incognito Mode.
00:55Roving bands of masked, essentially secret police,
00:58taking people off the street,
00:59and engaging in violence with American citizens
01:01has been a defining factor of the second Trump administration.
01:04And that has really freaked a lot of people out.
01:07So that's really why I started paying attention to these raids,
01:10because there's something very distinct
01:11and very new in American law enforcement.
01:13It's not protest response.
01:14This is the use of not just immigration agents,
01:18but paramilitary units of the federal government
01:20to do civil immigration enforcement.
01:22And that is a huge break.
01:24So when Ali came to me with this story,
01:26saying he'd figured out a way to identify a lot of these agents,
01:29I was immediately hooked.
01:30It's impossible to have secret police
01:32and have democracy at the same time.
01:34So I knew we had to tell this story.
01:35And I also knew it was going to be a lot of work.
01:37The way Ali started to identify these agents
01:39was thanks to some court records released as part of a lawsuit
01:42against the Department of Homeland Security
01:44filed by the state of Illinois.
01:46Last fall, I started to look for a paper trail
01:49behind all the uses of force that we were seeing.
01:52And in the case of the feds, I knew the name of the system.
01:55It is an E-Star report.
01:57E-Star reports, or use of force reports,
02:00document any time an agent uses any type of force.
02:03So this could be throwing tear gas, shooting a rubber bullet.
02:06Any time there's any type of use of force,
02:09agents have to report this.
02:10So I started looking at the litigation around the uses of force
02:16because the allegation was that they were just wantonly using force
02:19with no regard for public safety.
02:24The lawsuit over Midway Blitz, the operation in Chicago,
02:28yielded the largest set of use of force reports.
02:33Through reviewing this docket,
02:35I was able to obtain dozens of E-Star reports.
02:40These were partially redacted, but by and large,
02:43the names of the agents, the names of the people arrested,
02:46the narratives of the incidents were left intact,
02:49which means you can see which agent from which agency
02:52was present at an incident and what type of force they used.
02:59Using these E-Star reports, we've been able to identify hundreds
03:02of Custom and Border Protection, Border Patrol,
03:04and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents.
03:07The E-Star reports give us some basic information,
03:09but to figure out who these agents actually are,
03:12we use LexisNexis, a data broker that compiles a ton of information
03:16about pretty much every American.
03:18This can include every address somebody lived at,
03:20their telephone number, email addresses.
03:22From there, we can take the little bits of information
03:24we've gathered, maybe the name of their spouse or an email address,
03:28and start to do some additional research.
03:30Another set of tools we use are known as open source intelligence
03:33or OSINT tools.
03:34Using open source intelligence tools,
03:36we can plug in, say, somebody's email address
03:38and link that to home address, other email addresses, phone numbers,
03:42and all types of other information that can help us narrow it down
03:45and know that we're investigating exactly the right person.
03:48Every bit of information that we gather,
03:49even if it doesn't seem important,
03:51gives us a fuller picture of who these people are
03:53and gives us 100% confidence that we're reporting the facts right.
03:56From the information that we were able to gather,
03:58we identified two units of Border Patrol, BORTAC and BORSTAR.
04:02These units were involved in an overwhelming number of use of force incidents.
04:06We also found that many of these agents appear in multiple cities,
04:09from California to Illinois to North Carolina.
04:12In addition to E-Star reports,
04:14the government was forced to release body cam footage
04:16as part of the Illinois lawsuit against DHS.
04:19The body cam footage provided a wealth of information.
04:21It showed us the actual incidents these agents were involved in.
04:25Crucially, it also showed their call sign,
04:27or a certain ID number that's actually used to identify them.
04:30Tell me a little bit more about the call signs.
04:31So, law enforcement, even when they don't wear badges
04:34or have their badges or nameplates obscured by body armor,
04:38or what have you,
04:39is that the tactical units almost always have
04:42a alphanumeric flash on their shoulder or on their chest protector
04:46that identifies them to other units.
04:49And, you know, in going through body camera footage,
04:51you can see, you know, people are saying,
04:52well, what's your badge number?
04:53What's your badge number?
04:54What's your name?
04:54And they'll answer, Romeo Zulu 3.
04:56That's all I have to give you.
04:58And that's their flash number.
05:00So, that's how they're identifying themselves.
05:02So, the best way to do the identification is to,
05:04with this dataset that we developed,
05:06is to read the use of force reports,
05:08watch the videos attendant to it,
05:10and match the name up with the body camera footage,
05:14up with the flashes that you can see.
05:20So, let's take a look at one of these incidents from October 2025.
05:24We're looking at a video taken from inside a vehicle
05:27that's containing some Bortac agents.
05:29This is body cam footage from an agent named T Rico.
05:33Yeah, so this is from the north side of Chicago
05:35on the morning of October 25th.
05:38So, we're about six weeks into Midway Blitz.
05:41People in Chicago are, at this point,
05:43very aware of the federal presence.
05:45So, you'll be able to hear people following this SUV
05:51and a couple others in a convoy honking.
05:53These agents, Rico is popping his door now to go back
05:56and admonish...
05:57If you want to continue doing this
05:58and impeding our investigations, you won't be arrested.
06:00...a group of drivers who have been following them around.
06:03You can see that's another Bortar, Bortac agent,
06:06a tactical agent, dressed in their camouflage.
06:08That's another one right there from his unit.
06:10That's another one.
06:12This is Andy Chavez right here.
06:14They're admonishing these drivers not to follow them
06:16for impeding investigations.
06:18He's recording as well the backseat passenger.
06:20The feds are also to make sure to take note
06:21of license plates as well and send them
06:23to their Central Operations Command as well
06:25for intelligence on people following them.
06:27Right, because they've been, in some incidents,
06:29they've gotten people's license plate numbers
06:31and then they show up at their house
06:32as another form of intimidation against these
06:34ice watch groups and et cetera.
06:36That's right.
06:36And you can also see from the inside of this vehicle,
06:38their accoutrements, right?
06:39So, right here, this is an M4 rifle
06:42with holographic sight and a telescopic sight.
06:45Don't know why he has both sights on,
06:46but this is a military-grade weapon.
06:49It's equipped with a flash suppressor as well.
06:51Each BORTAC, BORSTAR agent,
06:53each one of these paramilitary agents
06:54has one of these rifles on him.
06:56They've each got three or four
06:57spare magazines on their vest.
06:59Mind you, this is Saturday morning.
07:01There is a children's Halloween parade
07:03about to happen on this street
07:05and they're doing civil immigration enforcement
07:07geared up like this, right?
07:09You can see at one point, a little bit forward,
07:13the agents stop.
07:14They hear something on the radio.
07:16Wait, stop, stop, stop, stop, stop, stop.
07:18Andy, Andy.
07:19Doors, doors, doors.
07:20About a runner, right?
07:21So T. Rico pops his door,
07:23takes off sprinting after this man.
07:25So does Andy Chavez,
07:27whose body camera, by the way, is also rolling.
07:29Chavez tackles this man,
07:30a Latino man was running from federal agents,
07:33cuffs him up.
07:34Cuffs, cuffs, cuffs.
07:37And they're almost immediately surrounded
07:39by residents who are livid.
07:42They are, you know, screaming at them
07:43to get off their lawn.
07:44Where's your badge number?
07:45Mind you, this right here,
07:47that is Andy Chavez's unique identifier,
07:51Romeo Zulu 17.
07:52And that's how his other comrades know who he is, right?
07:58I mean, you can also hear them refer to each other
08:00on the audio of these body-worn cameras.
08:02And that's, you know, we go through the reports,
08:05we go through the footage, we listen to it,
08:08and that's the kind of groundwork we do
08:10in order to establish their identities.
08:12So you can see them cuff him up, right?
08:14This is what the immigration enforcement looks like.
08:18Get off my fucking property!
08:21Get off my property!
08:22Get off my property!
08:23So I think it's important to point out,
08:24this isn't just happening to this one guy
08:26who's having a knee on his neck.
08:29It's happening to this entire community,
08:30and this is not how ICE, how CBP, Border Patrol
08:34has typically engaged themselves.
08:36This is an intentional choice
08:38to terrorize everyone in this community.
08:41Yeah, I think it's worth noting, too, like,
08:43how upset people in this neighborhood got.
08:46Get off my property!
08:47Take your fucking mask off, coward!
08:49Take your mask off, you Nazi!
08:51You're good.
08:51They didn't see the feds apprehending these guys
08:54as the government coming to protect them
08:58and take dangerous people off their street.
09:00These sweeps are deeply unpopular.
09:02They're shredding communities apart,
09:03and for all we know right now,
09:06per the documentation that we've had through this lawsuit,
09:08this man doesn't have a criminal record.
09:11They are not going out for the worst of the worst,
09:12and they're using basically the equivalent
09:15of a military unit to do it.
09:17And it's important to point out,
09:19all these guys, all these Bortak agents
09:20that we can see in this video are all masked.
09:23None of these people know who these agents are.
09:25None of the people in the community know who the agents are,
09:28and they don't really have any way to find out.
09:30It's only through this lawsuit months after the fact
09:32that we've been able to identify some of these people,
09:35but nobody here has any path to recourse.
09:38They're just at the mercy of these agents,
09:40and they're all completely anonymous.
09:42Well, you can see them documenting the situation too,
09:45because they want to keep a record.
09:46They're trying to figure out who these people are,
09:49what's going on here.
09:50But again, in order to get some sort of recourse,
09:54civil or criminal or otherwise,
09:56you have to know who these folks are.
09:57And these E-Star reports, these use of force reports,
10:00are how we figured out that this video happens to be shot
10:04by Agent T. Rico, that Andy Chavez of Bortak,
10:08his Bortak collie was right next to him.
10:10But otherwise, residents on the street,
10:11when I called them up to interview them about this story
10:13and tell them about our findings,
10:14they had no clue who these folks were.
10:16So this encounter didn't end there,
10:19because this entire neighborhood was really,
10:21you can see that they're refusing to let the feds leave.
10:24They're furious.
10:25There's literally a guy in a back room.
10:27Don't try to be understanding.
10:29You guys are scaring our kids.
10:30Get out of here.
10:31Get out of my way.
10:32No, no, you shouldn't even be here, man.
10:34Saturday morning.
10:35Saturday morning, regular neighborhood.
10:36Right before a Halloween parade.
10:38And now things start to escalate.
10:40Border Patrol agents run ahead and make contact.
10:44This car stops behind them.
10:46This is a resident of the street named Michael Brosilo.
10:48He's pulled up behind them.
10:50He was out.
10:50He comes back from his training run.
10:52And you can see these agents rush up to him immediately,
10:54because they think he's trying to keep them in there.
10:56They're like, move your car.
10:57Move your car.
10:59Move your car.
10:59He's driving down the street.
11:01Move your fucking car.
11:01Get the fuck out of here.
11:02He's driving down the fucking street.
11:04He decides, he gets pissed off at them.
11:07He says, this is my street.
11:08What the fuck are you doing?
11:10And they're telling him to move his car.
11:11You can see a canister of tear gas has been popped
11:13already in the background.
11:14And now Brosilo gets taken to the ground by this agent, T Rico.
11:18Feel you got to throw me up.
11:20Get me up.
11:22Get the fuck out of here.
11:26And this agent is about six feet, almost 190 pounds.
11:30Pins the guy into the ground, has his knees on top of him.
11:33Get it a bit.
11:34Get it a bit.
11:35There is an Ice Watcher right there who's also getting taken
11:38to the ground.
11:38Her name's Maria Bryant.
11:40She and Michael Brosilo each have about half a dozen ribs
11:43broken during this encounter.
11:44And they were arrested for, quote unquote, impeding the federal agents, right?
11:48Not charged criminally.
11:49No charges were ever filed.
11:50But both of them had half a dozen ribs broken by these masked, heavily armed federal agents.
12:02Federal immigration agents, like many law enforcement officers, have a use of force protocol.
12:08They're supposed to kind of escalate in a very deliberate manner.
12:12In this, you see them going from yelling at this guy in his car to throwing him on the ground
12:17and breaking his ribs in just a matter of seconds.
12:19It's zero to 60.
12:20Yeah, and there's just, it doesn't seem like they're going through the protocol.
12:23And maybe they can claim, yeah, I told him three times and that's part of the protocol, et cetera.
12:27But it's very unlikely that anything is going to actually happen just because they escalated so quickly.
12:34Yeah, I mean, I think having watched so much body camera footage over the years,
12:38what stands out to me about these incidents is how fast these tactical agents go to force, right?
12:46And you can see this also in the secondary arrest that happens right behind in the background of this young
12:53woman, this ice washer.
12:54So from another, that agent who tackles her from behind, in his body camera video, in Javier Puente's body camera
13:00video,
13:01you can see him going up to her, shoving her forward and saying, why'd you hit him?
13:04Why'd you hit that officer?
13:06I found you, you hit him.
13:07You hit him.
13:08I found you, you hit him.
13:10Why'd you hit him?
13:11So now by saying that on his camera, it's for audio, he can take her to the ground and arrest
13:17her for assault,
13:18which he does and proceeds to severely injure her.
13:23And I think that to me is one thing that does help define why we see so many assault on
13:30officer incidences in these reports.
13:33In some cases, yes, they do get rocks thrown at them.
13:35In some cases, yes, people do throw punches at them.
13:37But in many instances, they are initiating the contact, right?
13:41They're the ones throwing the pepper spray.
13:42They're the ones pushing people back and then shoving them, hitting them again with batons,
13:47firing less lethal weapons at them, firing pepper balls at them.
13:51It's just a very rapid escalation of force.
13:57I can tell you from looking through these dozens of use of force reports over a very tight period in
14:03Chicago,
14:04the agents that we're talking about, the BORTAC and BORSTAR agents,
14:07they're overrepresented in the data set.
14:09They use force in more than 30% of the incidents,
14:11despite making up less than a quarter of all the total agents that we can see in the use of
14:17force incidents.
14:18And not only that, they occur within a really tight period.
14:21We're talking about some agents who use force five or six times in a matter of two months.
14:27That's considered extraordinarily high.
14:29Is it just a nature of people being angry about how immigration enforcement is going forth right now?
14:35So I think there's a few things happening here.
14:37The civil immigration enforcement is occurring in a completely different context than it has prior.
14:41Method of operation is designed to create tension and create conflict.
14:46I believe that's something the White House wants.
14:49However, at the same time, the units that we're seeing, they're not trained in de-escalation.
14:55They are trained to use force.
14:56They are trained to subdue.
14:57This is not a matter of units being under-trained.
15:00They do nothing but train.
15:01They're very well organized.
15:03They deploy out into a perimeter.
15:04They make space really well.
15:06I've shown these body camera videos to a number of veterans.
15:09And what they've said is like, yeah, that looks like how we treat a disabled vehicle
15:13if we'd wrecked out in Marja in Afghanistan, right?
15:16I think that speaks volumes.
15:18This is nothing like policing.
15:20The deal with Bortak and Borestar is that they are trained for contact.
15:24They have looser rules of engagement.
15:28They also don't have to go back into these communities and build relationships with people.
15:32And I think that's the biggest difference here is that a police department is ultimately accountable to their communities.
15:38With ICE, there's not that same consideration.
15:48Regardless of how you feel about U.S. immigration policy or how that policy is enforced, the fact of the
15:53matter is that every law in the United States is derived from the Constitution.
15:57The government gets its authority from the people.
15:59And if the government is deploying anonymous agents that are arresting people on the street without any due process, that
16:06puts these agents above the law and undermines the Constitution.
16:09It is for this reason that we decided we need to publish these names.
16:12This has been Incognito Mode.
16:14Until next time.
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