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00:12Welcome to Newsroom Tokyo. I'm Yamasawa Rina.
00:15And I'm Raja Prada.
00:16Here are the headlines.
00:17China imposes export controls on 20 Japanese businesses and groups for dual-use items,
00:24with both civilian and defense applications.
00:27New U.S. tariffs have come into effect after the old levies were ruled illegal,
00:33but it's not a simple swap.
00:35And it's been four years since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
00:40We have a report from Kyiv on how the country's people are bearing up.
00:46China says it will stop selling some kinds of goods to a list of Japanese buyers.
00:51It claims the 20 businesses and groups it named in its export ban
00:55are involved in enhancing what it calls Japan's military capabilities.
01:01China's Commerce Ministry said Tuesday that items included in the export ban
01:07have both civilian and military applications.
01:10Some of the blacklisted groups are linked to machinery manufacturers involved in the defense business.
01:17They include Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Kawasaki Heavy Industries and IHI.
01:24Also on the list are the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and the National Defense Academy.
01:31The ministry also said that it's imposing tighter export controls on dual-use items on a separate group of 20
01:40Japanese entities,
01:41including automaker Subaru.
01:44It said Beijing cannot confirm the end-use purposes of the products.
01:50A spokesperson for China's foreign ministry has called the measure reasonable and lawful.
01:56China has taken measures to protect national security and interests
02:00and fulfill international obligations such as nuclear non-proliferation.
02:05She also said the measures are meant to deter what she called Japan's re-militarization and nuclear ambitions.
02:13A Japanese diplomat protested the measure and called for retraction.
02:18A government official spoke to reporters about the ban Tuesday.
02:23We will examine the content and impact of the measure and respond appropriately.
02:29But the Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary didn't comment on whether the ban includes rare earths,
02:36saying there are many uncertain parts to China's announcement.
02:41The United States and Iran are preparing for a new round of talks this week,
02:46amid rising tensions and a massive military buildup by Washington.
02:49Officials in Tehran warn they'll react ferociously to any U.S. attack.
02:56The White House says the third round of talks on Iran's nuclear program will be held on Thursday in Geneva.
03:02The negotiations resumed earlier this month, after a pause of about eight months.
03:07U.S. President Donald Trump has ordered a huge buildup of forces in the Middle East to put pressure on
03:13Tehran.
03:14Reuters news agency reports a second aircraft carrier arrived at the Greek island of Crete in the Mediterranean on Monday.
03:22Trump has hinted at the possibility of the U.S. military conducting limited strikes against Iran.
03:28But a spokesperson for Iran's foreign ministry said on Monday there's no such thing as a limited strike,
03:35and any such action would be deemed an act of aggression.
03:39Any state would react to an act of aggression as part of its inherent right of self-defense ferociously.
03:52So that's what we would do.
03:55U.S. news website Axios has quoted U.S. officials as saying the latest diplomatic push
04:01is probably the final chance Trump will give to Iran before launching a massive military operation with Israel.
04:08Meanwhile, the highest ranking officer of the U.S. military has reportedly warned Trump and his aides
04:14of the potential risks of a strike on Iran.
04:16General Dan Cain is the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
04:21Axios quotes informed sources as saying he sees a military campaign as running the risk of American casualties
04:27and becoming entangled in a prolonged conflict.
04:31The Washington Post says Cain cautioned last week any major operation against Iran will face challenges.
04:37According to the report, Cain says that's because the U.S. munitions stockpile has been drained by Washington's defense of
04:44Israel and support for Ukraine.
04:47Trump is pushing back, calling the reports 100 percent incorrect.
04:52In a social media post, he said Cain would rather not see a war but thinks it would be easily
04:57won.
04:58Trump added it'll be a very bad day for Iran and its people if Tehran does not make a deal.
05:15The U.S. has just imposed a sweeping round of tariffs on its global trading partners.
05:21Yanaka Marie from our business team is here with the details.
05:25So, Marie, this follows last week's legal setback for President Trump.
05:28He's basically replacing his old levies with new ones, right?
05:32That's right, but it could get complicated.
05:35New U.S. trade tariffs came into effect at midnight Tuesday Eastern Standard Time.
05:41The move follows a Supreme Court ruling that struck down most of President Trump's previous levies on imports.
05:48The order signed by Trump on Friday initially set the new tariffs at 10 percent.
05:53But he later said on social media that this would increase to 15 percent.
05:58The president made the decision after the nation's top court ruled he had exceeded his authority in imposing the earlier
06:05tariffs.
06:06They were enacted under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act.
06:10The new tariffs use a different authority under Section 122 of the 1974 Trade Act.
06:18But there's a time limit under this law of up to 150 days.
06:23Additionally, the White House has instructed the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative to investigate alleged unfair trade practices
06:31by other countries.
06:33Such findings could lead to retaliation in tariffs under Section 301 of the Trade Act.
06:40Japan's trade minister has been on the phone with his U.S. counterpart.
06:45Akasawa Ryosei wants to make sure the latest development will not affect existing agreements.
06:51A deal reached last July imposed a 15 percent tariff on imports from Japan.
06:57Also agreed was that levies on Japanese automobiles and auto parts under a different law will be lowered from 25
07:04percent to 15 percent.
07:07The other moving part in this trade relationship is a pledge by Japan to invest $550 billion in the U
07:15.S. economy.
07:15The first set of projects was revealed after the two sides held talks last week.
07:21Speaking about his phone conversation with U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnik,
07:26Akasawa said the two confirmed they'll work closely for the early and smooth implementation of the project.
07:34What impact will President Trump's new tariffs have on Japan's economy?
07:38We asked Kiuchi Takahide, executive economist at the Nomura Research Institute.
07:48Rising uncertainty over the new tariffs will have a negative impact on corporate investment plans.
07:56But I think this period of uncertainty will only last for the short term.
08:05The latest tariffs are set to expire in 150 days.
08:09The Trump administration is looking at various legal tools to extend the levies.
08:15But Kiuchi points out that the recent court ruling suggests the tide is shifting in a different direction.
08:27When imposing tariffs under Section 301 of the Trade Act, it is a rule to carry out rigorous investigations.
08:35In the case of reciprocal tariffs, all countries and all products are subject to investigation.
08:43I think it's difficult to thoroughly investigate them in 150 days.
08:48In this case, a smaller number of countries and products could come under tariffs.
08:53There is a possibility that the new tariffs will be scrapped.
08:58Kiuchi maintains that uncertainty will continue for a while.
09:01But he says, on the other hand, a scrapping of the 15 percent reciprocal tariff would increase Japan's GDP by
09:090.375 percent a year.
09:12Kiuchi also says this would support corporate earnings.
09:18Last to check on the markets.
09:20Taiwan's tech-heavy index jumped 2.75 percent to close above 34,000 for the first time ever.
09:28That's on hopes for Nvidia earnings due Wednesday.
09:32Seoul's Cosby also surged over 2 percent to close at an all-time high, led up by chip makers.
09:38And that's the Viz for this Tuesday.
09:50Ukraine has reached a grim milestone four years since Russia launched its invasion of the country.
09:56The conflict has claimed hundreds of thousands of lives.
09:59And despite Washington's efforts to broker peace, Moscow maintains an uncompromising stance.
10:06The Russian military is trying to expand its occupation mainly in the eastern Donetsk region.
10:12The Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies says Russian forces have suffered nearly 1.2 million casualties.
10:23That's more losses than any major power in any war since World War II.
10:28But Russian President Vladimir Putin has justified the invasion and continues to press on.
10:36The latest survey in Russia found that 76 percent of respondents support the military action.
10:44And an opinion poll in Ukraine shows that 65 percent say they are prepared to endure the war.
10:51Most people on both sides say they should keep fighting until they gain an advantage.
10:59Senior Russian and Ukrainian officials have taken part in the U.S.-led peace talks three times this year.
11:06But the two sides remain far apart on the issue of Donbass region.
11:11A senior Ukrainian official tells NHK that strong leadership by Washington is necessary to produce concrete results.
11:22Both sides absolutely do not want to lose the United States.
11:26That's just the truth and the fact.
11:29Sources from the Ukrainian presidential office say the next peace talks may happen as early as this week in Geneva.
11:38Now NHK World's Takasa Eddie joins us live from Kyiv.
11:42So Eddie, this must be a somber occasion for many people there after four years of conflict.
11:47How is Kyiv holding up?
11:52I'm standing an independent square in the heart of Kyiv.
11:56Behind me are thousands of Ukrainian flags.
11:59Each one represents a soldier or civilian who has lost their life since the start of Russia invasion.
12:06I stood here when I reported on the first anniversary of the invasion in 2023.
12:13Back then, the flags filled only one corner of the square.
12:17And today, they stretch across the entire lawn.
12:21It's a stark reminder of the cost of this war.
12:25Many came here today to lay flowers and bow their heads in silent prayer.
12:30And yet, just steps away, life goes on.
12:34Communities pass through the square, cafes are open, and shops are busy.
12:39Kyiv is a city in mourning, but also determined to carry on living.
12:45And Eddie, do you feel a sense of change in people's resolve?
12:52I keep hearing people say that the life they have now is better than being occupied by Russia.
12:59And that life has been far from easy.
13:03Russia has repeatedly targeted Ukraine's energy sector.
13:06Many residents have spent the winter entering long planned blackouts
13:11and days without heating and sub-zero temperatures.
13:15And yet, people say they have to endure.
13:19They seem to believe peace will come, and they will keep living their lives until it does.
13:25I can sense their determination not to give in.
13:29They don't want all the sacrifices and hardships to have been in vain.
13:35Eri, when I was in Kyiv three years ago, I remember many women were supporting the war efforts,
13:42such as sending food and medicine to the front lines.
13:45But now, more and more of them are joining the military to fight.
13:50Do you think this also reflects that same determination not to give in?
13:57Yes, exactly. There is a growing sense that defending the country is not the responsibility of men alone.
14:04As of January this year, women make up 21% of the military.
14:09That's around five times higher than the two years ago.
14:13And some are serving on the front lines, involved in artillery operations and piloting drones.
14:19At the same time, more people are putting off marriage and having children.
14:25There are concerns that this will affect the country's future economic growth and long-term development.
14:33Peace talks are still ongoing, but we've yet to see much progress.
14:38So, Eri, how do people in Kyiv feel about it?
14:44I say many people are taking a wait-and-see approach.
14:48...of distrust of the U.S.
14:51Many people think the Trump administration is showing a pro-Russia bias.
14:56A peace plan proposed by the U.S. last year effectively gives Russia control over the entire Donbass region.
15:04Kyiv can't accept that.
15:06And President Zelenskyy said earlier this month that without security guarantees, there can be no ceasefire.
15:14Right. So, Eddie, why is he placing so much importance on security guarantees?
15:22I think they will need to be sufficient to prevent any Russian invasion in the future.
15:27Ukraine knows that will require U.S. involvement, so maintaining a stable relationship with Washington is essential.
15:36It will also need strong backing from Europe and the broader international community.
15:41One potential game-changer is the U.S. midterm elections later this year.
15:47The Trump administration may feel pressured to achieve a ceasefire before then.
15:53And Zelenskyy is expected to use this to his advantage and demand the U.S. impose further sanctions on Russia.
16:02NHK World's Takasu Eri reporting live from Kyiv. Thank you.
16:19One of Asia's biggest military duels has brought forces from dozens of countries together in Thailand.
16:32The annual Cobra Gold exercise is co-hosted by the United States and Thailand.
16:37The duels are a way for the U.S. to maintain its presence in the Indo-Pacific amid China's growing
16:43influence in the region.
16:45The U.S. ambassador to Thailand addressed an opening ceremony in the eastern province of Ryong.
16:50He said working together would enable the allies and partners to deter aggression and better defend their countries.
16:57More than 8,000 representatives from 30 countries are taking part this year.
17:02Japan is among the nations that have committed personnel.
17:05You can interpret our presence here as our commitment to our strong partnership, especially with our Thai allies, but also
17:15to peace and security in the Indo-Pacific region.
17:20The duels will also incorporate training for disaster relief operations.
17:24China is scheduled to participate in this.
17:26The exercises will run through March 6th.
17:29The International Criminal Court has begun hearings to decide if former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte should stand trial for alleged
17:37crimes against humanity.
17:39Duterte is accused of thousands of extrajudicial killings during his so-called war on drugs.
17:45Prosecutors told judges at the pretrial proceeding in The Hague that Duterte played a pivotal role in the deadly campaign
17:52between 2013 and 2018.
17:54During that period, he was initially devout city mayor and then president.
18:00Duterte's lawyers say prosecutors must show substantial proof.
18:04The former president desired and foresaw that his language would lead to people being killed.
18:09Duterte has waived his right to appear in person for the hearings.
18:13Relatives of the victims gathered at a university in Manila to watch the court proceeding online.
18:18The Philippine government says the anti-drugs crackdown claimed the lives of more than 6,000 people.
18:26The country's Congress gives a much higher number.
18:28It says there were more than 30,000 extrajudicial killings.
18:35I expect to get what we've been fighting for, which is justice for all those he ordered killed, especially my
18:43son.
18:45The pretrial hearings will run until Friday.
18:48The ICC judges will then decide within 60 days whether the case should move to trial.
18:54In the Philippines, as in many Southeast Asian countries, severe traffic congestion is a major challenge.
19:01And the government is forging ahead with massive railway construction projects.
19:05As the rail network expands, there's a growing need to build up the workforce to operate the new systems.
19:11NHK World's Kondo Yukari reports.
19:16Traffic volumes in Manila are increasing along with the glowing population.
19:21From our house to here in Manila, it takes three hours.
19:26We accommodate a lot of private cars, but public system transportation is very bad.
19:32Construction is underway on a 150-kilometer commuter railway between the capital and the nearby cities.
19:39It's stated to be fully operational by 2032, with one million passengers expected every day.
19:48A 33-kilometer subway line is also being built, the country's first underground rail system.
19:56The Philippine government is prioritizing the development of skilled personnel for the railway sector.
20:01It estimates that in the 10 years after the opening of these new lines, 15,000 workers will be needed
20:09in the sector.
20:11To meet this demand, a university in Manila set up a railway engineering course.
20:17It has decided to team up with Japan's Tokyo Metal, a network known for its intricate roots and on-time
20:24performance.
20:25I also made a very strategic decision to basically focus on safety standards and the different quality requirements in its
20:39operation.
20:40Carl Dianco is studying railway engineering at the university.
20:45He has lab trained since he was a child, influenced by his father, who works for a railway company.
20:53I really like to be part of the team that conducts the testing and commissioning of the new trains,
21:01carrying the passengers within the train lines within the Metro Manila or further Metro Manila.
21:08On this day, Dianco attended a lecture for students given by Tokyo Metro staff.
21:15All stations have a platform screen door. Of course, no major accident. Still a healthy condition.
21:24The Japanese government is giving help in hand.
21:28The total cost for the subway project is about eight billion dollars.
21:31And Japan's Jaica Overseas Aid Agency is providing a loan for some 3.3 billion dollars.
21:39Jaica is also actively involved in human resource development.
21:44It invites students to a construction site that is normally off limits to the public.
21:52We're very pleased to see the students' interest in observing construction sites.
21:56We hope to continue our cooperation in railway sector human resources in the Philippines.
22:02I would be glad to take a role in a project or eventually setting the standards in the railway system
22:11in the Philippines
22:12and hopefully be influential in developing the railway industry as a whole.
22:17The new railway infrastructure will not only ease congested traffic,
22:22but also help develop regional cities and spark economical activity.
22:27Developing young talent is vital for these initiatives.
22:31Kondo Yukari, NHK World, Manila.
22:36That wraps up a bulletin. I'm Cholop Hansa and a ruler in Bangkok.
22:39Thank you very much for that, Cholop Hansa.
22:42Next, North Korean state media say the ruling party has re-elected Kim Jong-un as its general secretary,
22:49reaffirming his position as the country's leader.
22:52State-run Korean Central Television reports the vote during the Workers' Party Congress was unanimous.
22:58The broadcaster says the decision reflects what it calls progress in nuclear and missile development as well as economic policy.
23:06It claims the country has radically improved its war deterrence centering around nuclear forces.
23:12The broadcaster also says the party revised its rules, though it did not specify what changes were made.
23:18The report adds new members were selected for the party's central committee.
23:22The list did not include some prominent figures, including Chae Ryong-hae, chair of the Supreme People's Assembly Standing Committee.
23:30Some analysts in South Korea say the emissions could signal a shift toward younger leadership.
23:37Observers are watching for clues on Pyongyang's approach to the U.S. and on its nuclear and missile development plans
23:44for the next five years.
23:46China's foreign ministry says President Xi Jinping sent a message congratulating Kim on his re-election.
23:52Xi said China and North Korea support each other as socialist countries.
23:57He pledged to work with Kim to promote bilateral ties, regional stability and broader development amid what he called an
24:04increasingly chaotic and complex international environment.
24:10Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney is set to visit Japan next week for talks with Prime Minister Takaichi Sanae.
24:17It will be his first trip to the country since taking office.
24:23Kani's office announced on Monday he will travel to India, Australia and Japan from February 26th to March 7th.
24:31His two-day visit to Japan will come at the end of the trip.
24:36Kani's office said he will be looking to strengthen mutual investment and partnerships in clean energy and critical minerals.
24:43It added that he and Takaichi will also discuss bolstering security and defence, including support for a free and open
24:52Indo-Pacific.
24:54Since taking office in March last year, Kani has been facing calls from Washington for Canada to shoulder a greater
25:02share of the security burden.
25:05Last month, he became the first Canadian Prime Minister in eight years to visit China, where he met with President
25:12Xi.
25:13The countries agreed to cooperate in the areas of energy and economy.
25:19Kani drew widespread attention with his speech at the World Economic Forum in Davos last month, when he called for
25:26unity among middle powers.
25:28In a statement, his office says Canada is aiming to build a more independent and resilient economy by utilising its
25:37abundant energy and critical minerals.
26:07Now, earlier in our broadcast,
26:09our live broadcast from Kyiv, we had some audio technical difficulties.
26:14We apologize for that.
26:26Now, let's take a look at the weather forecast for cities around the world.
26:58We'll talk to you once in a minute and a few minutes.
27:35And that wraps up this edition of Newsroom Tokyo. Make sure you catch our program on our website as well.
27:41I'm Raja Prada.
27:42And I'm Yamasawa Rina. Thank you very much for watching. Please join us again tomorrow.
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