Greek Fire - video Dailymotion

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#GreekFire #LostTechnology #Byzantine #History

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00:00941 AD. A massive Rus fleet surrounds 15 Byzantine warships at Constantinople.

00:06The Rus expect easy victory.

00:08Then, the Byzantines unleash Greek Fire, the liquid that burns on water.

00:14For 800 years, this weapon terrified Byzantium's enemies.

00:17Then, the secret was lost.

00:19Greek Fire was a petroleum-based liquid projected through bronze tubes called siphons.

00:24It burned on water, couldn't be extinguished, stuck to ships like ancient napalm.

00:29The Byzantines heated crude oil from the Caucasus, mixed it with tree resin, and pumped it through a force pump.

00:35A torch at the nozzle ignited it.

00:37Result? A 15-meter jet of flame over 1,000 degrees Celsius.

00:42In 941, Prince Igor attacked Constantinople with over 1,000 boats.

00:47The Byzantines had 15 warships, but each had Greek fire projectors at bow, stern, and sides.

00:54The Rus surrounded them. Big mistake.

00:56Liquid flame poured onto the Rus' boats.

00:59Water didn't stop it.

01:00Men jumped into the sea, but the fire followed them.

01:03The Rus called it lightning from heaven.

01:06Byzantium won with 15 ships.

01:08The formula was a state secret, guarded by the imperial family.

01:12In 1204, the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople.

01:16The secret died.

01:17For 800 years, historians debated what it was.

01:20In 2002, scientists recreated it using crude oil, pine resin, and a bronze pump.

01:26It worked.

01:2715-meter flame.

01:28Burned on water.

01:29Unstoppable.

01:30Why didn't it spread?

01:32Byzantium lost access to Caucasus oil sources when the empire weakened.

01:36No oil.

01:37No Greek fire.

01:38But its legacy lived on.

01:39The world's first liquid flamethrower.

01:42Ancestor of modern napalm.

01:43For 530 years, Byzantium's shield, the secret that burned on water.

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