Looking for places where you can actually breathe during Christmas? Some cities have insanely clean air thanks to geography, weather, and strict rules. In this video, we explore the cleanest-air cities on Earth and why winter makes them even fresher. We’ll also talk about Sherpas, who can breathe where most humans struggle, and what makes their bodies special. Don’t miss this video if clean air feels like a luxury where you live. Animation is created by Bright Side. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Music from TheSoul Sound: https://thesoul-sound.com/
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05:00The mountain is 29,031 feet tall and is a place of icy temperatures and limited oxygen.
05:08It's not exactly a hospitable place for living things, and once they get there, people's
05:14bodies are in serious trouble.
05:16Despite the danger, you know, the mountain is a mountain's rigors and take on the challenge.
05:24If you're thinking about the mountain, you know, the mountain is a mountain, you know, the
05:33And then you can discover any pre-existing conditions that might be amplified by high altitude.
05:39If you're in a bike, let's go to the hill, the Alabama is a mountain, you know, the mountain is a mountain, and it's a little down to the mountain, the mountain is going to be a mountain, and then they're going to hit the mountain, and then they're going to take the mountain, and there's going to be a foot on the mountain.
05:49Base Camp is 17,590 feet, which decreases oxygen by about 50%. Before attempting a May summit,
05:59it's recommended that you arrive at Base Camp towards the beginning of April to acclimatize
06:05for a few weeks. There's even an Everest Base Camp medical clinic founded in 2003,
06:12so you'll be in good hands if you run into any problems. They treat everything from high-altitude
06:18cough and acute mountain sickness to frostbite. They even treat multiple sprained or broken ankles
06:26due to the rocky terrain. High-altitude cough and acute mountain sickness are common ailments
06:32among Everest climbers. Mountain sickness results in headaches and shortness of breath but can be
06:39managed by ascending no more than 1,000 feet a day. Unfortunately, no one is immune to high-altitude
06:47cough. Climbers know to expect the shock of excessively cold temperatures and the possibility
06:54of frostbite as they ascend Everest, but they might not be prepared for the other extreme,
07:00heat. Surprising, right? On Everest, the snow and ice act as a giant reflector of the sun's glare,
07:08so the potential for sunburn is particularly great in certain areas.
07:12Food plays a major role on how your body reacts to being on Everest. In some cases, as you climb
07:21higher and higher, digestion can slow down so much that your body can't send nutrients to the
07:27muscles anymore. It's best to eat small meals before ascending to different camps. Consuming too much food at
07:36once will send all of the blood towards the stomach to aid in digestion, which could redirect it from the
07:42other functions of the body at altitude. At higher altitudes, your body begins craving more sugars,
07:49and it becomes harder to digest protein. That's why climbers usually rely on plain noodles, canned
07:56vegetables, and meats. But where did this whole climbing Mount Everest challenge come from?
08:04Let me tell you the story of the beekeeper from New Zealand who, along with his buddy,
08:09became the first people to stand atop of the world's tallest peak. His name was Edmund Hillary,
08:16and he had already been climbing with British teams in the Himalayas in the early 1950s.
08:22Then, in 1953, they got invited to join a new Everest expedition. And guess what? On May 29th of that year,
08:31Hillary made it to the tippy-top of Mount Everest via the Southeast Ridge.
08:35The media went wild over Hillary's achievement, and they were invited to all sorts of fancy events and
08:44packed halls to give lectures. But Hillary didn't let the fame go to his head. In fact,
08:50he used it as an opportunity to do some good in the world. He went on to lead a jet boat expedition up the
08:57Ganges River. But perhaps most impressively, he returned to the Himalayas in the 1960s to help build
09:05schools and health facilities. Despite all his accomplishments and awards, including a portrait
09:11of New Zealand's $5 note, Hillary remained a humble dude until the end. I mean, sure, it's a really high
09:20mountain, and the altitude surely causes problems to most people. But is Mount Everest actually the
09:26toughest mountain to climb? That may be partially a myth. For experienced climbers, it's not technically
09:34difficult. It's like a long, slow, plodding ascent, or what climbers call a walk-up. So it's no surprise
09:42that some guides have climbed it 15 times, while some locals have even climbed it a mind-boggling 21
09:49times. Now, don't get me wrong. Everest is still a formidable opponent. But did you know that there
09:58are other mountains that are even tougher? Like K2, the second highest peak in the world, or Mount
10:06Nupsi, which is right next to Everest. That little guy may not be as famous as its giant neighbor, but it's
10:14consistently steep and offers few safe places to camp. Just in case you're ready for climbing and are
10:23already packing your bags, let's clear up a little misconception. You don't actually have to endure years of
10:29preparation if you want to conquer Mount Everest. The Nepalese officials don't require a specific
10:36number of training hours before you attempt the climb. You will need to get a permit beforehand
10:41though, which can be pretty expensive. However, if you want to increase your chances of success and make
10:49the most of your experience, you might want to consider some training. Just be prepared to invest in
10:55some of the trekking agencies in Nepal, who offer different kinds of training programs. And before you
11:01even set foot in Nepal, it's important to commit to a heightened exercise schedule several months
11:07before your climb. You may want to be in tip-top shape for this once-in-a-lifetime adventure.
11:15If you do decide to go, you can also schedule some time with a guide, preferably one that's been on
11:21Everest many times. They can help you with a screening and design a training program to help
11:27you prepare for the journey. All in all, you don't need to be a superhuman with years of training under
11:33your belt to climb Mount Everest. But a little preparation never hurt anyone, and it might just
11:39make your adventure even more amazing. Not to mention, it can prevent you from experiencing rookie
11:45accidents right there on the spot. Some people out there do, however, come with some built-in features
11:52that help them to better withstand high altitudes. Did you know that Sherpas and Quechua are some of
11:59the most amazing high-altitude dwellers out there? These folks have been living above 14,000 feet for
12:06generations, and they've adapted to the thin air in ways that make Mount Everest look like a stroll in the
12:13park. Well, maybe not exactly, but you get the idea. One of the coolest things about these Highlanders
12:20is that they have superhuman respiratory capacity in conditions with less oxygen. That means they can
12:28get oxygen to their muscles more efficiently than those of us who live closer to sea level.
12:34Of course, there are still some questions that need to be answered. We don't know for sure if this
12:40adaptation has really increased the fitness of these populations. And it's possible the enhanced
12:46capacity is just a side effect of something else that that particular gene does. But it's still
12:53pretty cool to think about how these folks evolved to thrive in some of the harshest conditions on the
12:59planet. Then there's the Sherpa gene. These amazing folks that live in the high mountain region of the
13:06Eastern Himalaya have a special genetic variation that allows them to thrive in high-altitude
13:12environments. The EPAS1 gene, also known as the Sherpa gene, helps regulate the production of hemoglobin,
13:23which allows the body to work more efficiently with less oxygen. So while the rest of us are huffing
13:29and puffing up those steep slopes, the Sherpas are practically skipping up the mountainside.
13:37Now, you may have been wondering if you have the Sherpa gene. Well, unless you have a Sherpa parent,
13:42it's unlikely. But even if you don't have the gene, studying the genetics of the Sherpas could lead to
13:49important medical breakthroughs. Scientists are already learning how the body responds to low-oxygen environments,
13:56which could help patients with critical illness and brain injuries in the future.
14:03That's it for today. So hey, if you pacified your curiosity, then give the video a like and share
14:08it with your friends. Or if you want more, just click on these videos and stay on the bright side.
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