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00:00What do you make of this potential for Nvidia at least and whether or not China will indeed import
00:06the market reaction from your perspective? Well, this is a win for Nvidia, but it has to be taken
00:14with a pinch of salt because we already hear that there are tensions among US politicians
00:19regarding what this means for the national security for US is a very sensitive segment
00:24of business. China is unsure to let its own companies buy these chips for the same national
00:30security issues and also because they are backing the domestic chip production. So for Nvidia,
00:36which assumes that its China sales are now zero, every chip that's going to be sold to China is a
00:42bonus. It is a tailwind. But for long term forecasts, we still remain very much cautious regarding what
00:47this means and how stable the steel is going to be. Ipek, the base case assumption from Nvidia
00:54is right now in the fiscal year and maybe next fiscal year, zero revenues from China,
01:00that clearly this news has led everyone to recalculate. Would you assume some upside from
01:07Chinese AI data center chip revenue next year? Well, again, the geopolitical backdrop is so uncertain
01:16that the best thing to do in terms of the safest way to go with these assumptions is to keep that
01:24forecast at zero percent. But obviously, investors are happy to hear that there is an opportunity in
01:30China for Nvidia. But again, that opportunity is very much uncertain right now. We don't know if China
01:37is going to allow these chips to be sold. And again, we don't even know if the Chinese companies will be
01:42willing to buy these chips, given that it is politically very sensitive. And if they could
01:47use domestic alternatives, even though they are less efficient, maybe it's going to be a better deal for
01:54them, especially from a political and geopolitical perspective. So in my opinion, investors will
01:59continue to assume that the Chinese sales is the Nvidia's Chinese sales are going to be zero with a little bonus,
02:07maybe if some of these chips actually get sold. Ipek, bring us your global perspective. As you sit
02:13in Switzerland, this tussle between US and China to say who's got more dominance. But what do you hear
02:19from your perspective as to how far along China really is with its domestic chip manufacturing and use?
02:25Well, obviously, US and US technology is ahead of China. What China is good at doing is basically to find the
02:34chips to manufacture, manufacture chips in order to serve their own needs and serve the basic AI needs. So
02:43China is generally better in transforming their AI investments into real revenue, whereas the US is
02:52this prestige technology hub that's really aiming for the best. But even from the European perspective,
02:58where we could be a little bit more neutral, well, US is allies, first of all, and US is well ahead
03:03from a technology perspective than China. Then China is clearly coming. And the fact that these chip
03:09restrictions have hit the Chinese technology sector means that they will be accelerating their
03:15efforts and do anything in their power to catch the US technology.
03:19It really has been a mounting concern from some of these tech leaders that perhaps were underestimating
03:24how sophisticated China is. Is the market underestimating
03:28how superior TPUs are, how other chips are being manufactured by big tech players for their own
03:34inference? How much do we need to bake that into the Nvidia story?
03:38Well, I think that what TPUs are interesting, but they are actually, you know, serving in one particular
03:45area and that's AI. Obviously, the fact that Google is now out there and commercializing TPUs is a negative
03:55risk, is a negative factor for Nvidia. It is a risk in the sense that for those companies who are looking
04:01only for their AI applications, they would find it cheaper and as efficient as buying Nvidia's GPUs. But at the
04:09end of the day, Nvidia is not only selling chips, they're also selling the ecosystem that comes
04:14with it. So not every company is going to be comfortable going into the TPUs just because
04:19it's cheaper and is as efficient. I think that Nvidia still has the GPU market and the ecosystem
04:25well anchored and Google, for example, with this TPUs doesn't really have it.
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