Apna college prime ai ml Day 6

https //Animestream.site

apna college  sigma 4.0 apna college  sigma 5.0 apna college  sigma 6.0 apna college  sigma 7.0 apna college  sigma 8.0 apna college  shradha apna college  sigma 3.0 apna college  sigma batch apna college  alpha batch apna college  delta batch apna college  sigma 9.0 apna college  delta 6.0 apna college  sigma apna college  apna college ai ml course  apna college ai course  apna college app  apna college alpha  apna college alpha batch  apna college app download  apna college alpha 6.0  apna college alpha course  apna college aiml  apna college alpha course free download  alpha apna college  alpha course apna college  alpha 5.0 apna college  alpha plus apna college  alpha 3.0 apna college  alpha 4.0 apna college  alpha 6.0 apna college  alpha batch apna college free download  alpha 2.0 apna college  apna college batches  apna college backend course  apna college batch login  apna college batch review  apna college batch fees  apna college beta course  apna college bca course  apna college by shradha khapra  apna college bootstrap  apna college free batch  bootstrap apna college  binary search apna college  bubble sort apna college  bca apna college  bootstrap tutorial apna college  apna college blockchain  binary tree apna college  backend apna college  best laptop apna college  binary search tree apna college  apna college courses  apna college controversy  apna college c++  apna college contact number  apna college c language  apna college courses free download  apna college courses fees  apna college c programming  apna college courses review  apna college certificate  css apna college  c++ apna college  c language apna college  c programming apna college  c++ dsa apna college  css notes apna college  css tutorial apna college  code with harry vs apna college  c++ dsa course apna college  css full course by apna college  apna college dsa sheet  apna college dsa  apna college dsa course  apna college delta  apna college delta course free download  apna college data science course  apna college delta course  apna college delta 5.0 free download  apna college delta 6.0  apna college delta 7.0  delta apna college  delta 5.0 apna college  dsa apna college  dsa sheet apna college  delta 3.0 apna college  delta 2.0 apna college  delta course apna college  delta 7.0 apna college  apna college express js  apna college express  apna college email id  apna college email  apna college enrollment number kaise nikale  apna college excel course  apna college earnings  apna college education  apna college emi  exception handling in java apna college  express js apna college  excel apna college  email of apna college  early bird offer apna college  college me apna introduction kaise de in english  apna college enquiry number  shradha apna college education  apna college founder  apna college full stack developer course  apna college free courses  apna college founder name  apna college fees  apna college free course telegram  apna college

Transcript

00:00Next, we are going to complete a small activity which is called word search. Basically, we have the Python code file and we have this file called Sample.txt.

00:10In Sample.txt, we have some data available in this way. Inside this file, we have all the operations that have come to the file.

00:19We want to search for a particular word. Let's suppose we want to search for the word Python.

00:24We have to search for Python in this file. We have to search if Python exists or does not. And if it exists, which line number exists?

00:34This is line 1, this is line 2, this is line 3. So definitely Python exists and we want to print the line number which is going to be line number 3.

00:42So we will do this in which way? With the existing operations. Here you have to pause the lecture and you have to try to solve this activity on your own.

00:50As long as we have used operations, we have learned everything in Python, we will use all the same logic.

00:55But logically, we are going to think how we can reach the answer. If we talk about the solution, basically, we know that this is our text available.

01:03And we want to figure out in which line this particular word exists.

01:07So since we are talking about lines, we will try to process our data by line.

01:13So first of all, we will process the first line, then the second line, then the third line, then the fourth line.

01:18So we know that we need to read our file line by line. Now, do we need to write something in this file?

01:23As such, we don't need to write anything in this file. So we can figure out that we want to open our file in the read mode.

01:29In our mode, we want to open our file because we don't really need to make any changes.

01:34And then we want to read it line by line. So we will use the read line function.

01:39For now, for all the lines, we can print all the lines.

01:43So for that, we can use with open sample.txt. We will open the file in read mode as f.

01:51And what we will do? We will use read line.

01:54So we have one of our data, which we will do f.read line.

01:59And after that, we can also print the data.

02:02Now, when we read our file in this way, we will get the first line.

02:05What do we need to do for the second line?

02:07We need to repeat this process.

02:09For the third line, we need to repeat this process.

02:11So for different lines, we need to do the same work every time.

02:15Now, logically, we know that we need to repeat the same work every time.

02:20In this particular way.

02:22So, or we can help it with a loop.

02:24Because this is going to happen for a finite number of times.

02:27We know exactly when this loop will go.

02:30This loop will go until we have some data.

02:33With our read line function, there is some valid data.

02:36If this valid data will be finished.

02:38For example, if I do read line five times.

02:41If we run the code, we are going to get all of the data.

02:44Now, what do we need to do?

02:45We can convert this entire logic into a loop.

02:47We have these two operations that we have to perform.

02:50And we have to perform those operations until we have to perform.

02:53Until we have to perform these operations.

02:54Until our data is valid value.

02:56Meaning, until we have some valid value in our data.

03:00Until we have to perform these operations.

03:03Now, since we want to form a valid value in the first time.

03:05we want to create a valid value in the f.readline

03:08so we need to create this data variable

03:11and we need to initialize the data variable

03:14which will give us true in the first time

03:17so that we can read the first timeline

03:20after that, when we go over the while loop

03:23we are going to have a valid value

03:25so here we can initialize the data with a true value

03:28so what will happen, we will get all of the content line by line

03:31so this will print all of the content in our

03:33each line will be printed

03:35so this is how we access the data

03:37entire data in a file line by line

03:39where we don't know exactly how many lines are

03:41we have not defined how many lines are

03:43but with the help of the data variable

03:45we can access the data

03:47now we have to check that in any particular line

03:49what is this data, it is basically our line data

03:51in any particular line

03:53what is our python keyword

03:55python word exists or does not

03:57so as we have the line data

03:59we can check

04:01python

04:03python

04:05in data

04:07so we can use the in keyword

04:09if python is in this particular line of data

04:11then we can print

04:13word found

04:15right

04:17and we can simply break from here

04:19after this

04:21the other operations

04:23do not need to perform

04:25so let's clear this

04:27what we have done

04:29let's try to understand this

04:31first we have read the line

04:33so we have read the first line

04:35which is this line

04:37now because it is not python

04:39we simply print it

04:41so we have printed the first line

04:43in this line

04:45we have not python

04:47so we have printed it here

04:49then we have read the third line

04:51which is this line

04:53now because in the third line

04:55python word exists

04:57so in this condition

04:59we have printed the word found

05:01so third line is where we found the word

05:03and how do we track line number

05:05how do we print the line number

05:07we can take another variable

05:09let's call it line

05:11which we can initialize with one

05:13and word found

05:15here we can print

05:17word found at line

05:19and we can print the line number here

05:21and every time we can update the line number here

05:23and every time we can update our line number

05:25like we have printed data

05:27we will update the line number by one

05:29so word found at line 3

05:31basically we need to print data as such

05:33we need to print data as such

05:35we need to simply print our word

05:37that it is printed on which line

05:39so the word python is found at line 3

05:41in fact here we can replace it

05:43with the word that we are trying to find

05:45a word we can take here

05:47which is going to be python

05:49and we can also write the word variable here

05:53so python was found at line 3

05:55we can also write the word variable here

05:57so python was found at line 3

05:59we can also search any word

06:01let's suppose we want to search for this word called store

06:03so we have to change store

06:05so store is found at line 2

06:07definitely in our file

06:09this is at line 2

06:11so this is how we can perform simple

06:13or even complex operations on different files

06:15using file.io

06:17so we have three keywords

06:19we have one more keyword which is the finally keyword

06:21if in our python program we want to write

06:23some block of code

06:25which always needs to be executed

06:27irrespective of if our exception is thrown

06:29or not

06:31then we can write that code finally

06:33for example, if we want to print here

06:35that our program is finished

06:37whether it is an exception throw

06:39or not

06:41we want to print in both cases

06:43if we want to execute

06:45if we want to execute

06:47or not

06:49so this is how we do

06:51exception handling

06:53in python

06:55so this is how we do

06:57exception handling in python

06:59next concept that we are going to learn about

07:01is called exception handling

07:03first of all

07:05first of all

07:07first of all

07:09first of all

07:11first of all

07:13let's try to understand what exactly is an exception

07:15basically

07:17basically

07:19when we write

07:21python code

07:22it will show

07:23something like this

07:24now

07:25inside python code

07:26we know

07:27that if we have another error

07:29then

07:30because of the errors

07:31our program

07:33execution flow

07:35it will disrupt

07:36if there is an error here

07:37then our program

07:38will directly

07:39throw an error

07:40and we will never execute

07:42we have already seen an example

07:43now

07:44in our code

07:45there are some errors

07:46that we can predict

07:47or manage

07:49and

07:50in this way

07:51the manageable errors

07:52we can write

07:53some cases

07:54that

07:55if these errors

07:56come

07:57then

07:58the flow

07:59disturb

08:00we call exceptions

08:01and

08:03such exceptions

08:04we call exception handling

08:05and

08:06we call exception handling

08:08exception handling

08:09exception handling

08:10we basically try to

08:11predict

08:12what are the possible

08:13errors that can occur

08:14in the program

08:15and we try to manage them

08:16we try to handle

08:17these errors

08:18take a very simple example

08:19let's suppose

08:20our program

08:21we are trying to input

08:23a number

08:24which is x

08:25now

08:26we can get any valid

08:27integer value

08:28and

08:29we are trying to calculate

08:30an answer

08:31which is

08:3210 divided by x

08:33now

08:34if user input

08:35positive value

08:36plus 1

08:37plus 3

08:38or minus 1

08:39minus 2

08:40minus 3

08:41then

08:42we will have an answer

08:43but

08:44if x's value

08:45becomes equal to 0

08:46then

08:4710 divided by 0

08:48is going to be undefined

08:49this is something

08:50that our python program

08:51cannot calculate

08:52now

08:53this is a value

08:54this is a possible scenario

08:55which we can predict

08:56before

08:57that

08:58if we are taking x

08:59input from user

09:00then

09:01any value

09:02input

09:03in fact

09:04user can be

09:05not be a number

09:06at all

09:07so hello

09:08we can't convert into

09:09integer

09:10so

09:11whenever

09:12we take

09:13user input

09:14or

09:15program

09:16in

09:17program

09:18there are many

09:19scenarios

09:20and cases

09:21there are many

09:22possible things

09:23here

09:24we can predict

09:25those exceptions

09:26first keyword

09:27is the try keyword

09:28our code

09:29is the part

09:30that might cause

09:31an error

09:32and because of

09:33our execution flow

09:34disturbed

09:35we put it in our

09:36try block

09:37for example

09:38in our code

09:39if we know

09:40that if we take

09:41any input x

09:42which we can divide

09:43from 10

09:44then we can write

09:45this whole part

09:46this is how

09:47we create a try block

09:48we will convert into

09:49integer

09:50enter x

09:51and this is how

09:52we will enter x

09:53and after that

09:54we will try to calculate

09:55our answer

09:56we will divide

09:5710

09:58or any number

09:59with x

10:00so in which part

10:01there is an exception

10:02we can try

10:03this code

10:04we can try

10:05if there is no error

10:06in this code

10:07it may be

10:08it may be

10:09perfectly fine

10:10work

10:11so in this way

10:12we create the try block

10:13now we don't create the try block

10:14we don't create the try block

10:15with try

10:16we use our accept block

10:18what we will write

10:19first of our flow

10:20first of our flow

10:21we will create the try block

10:22in which there is no

10:23possible exception

10:24we will write the code

10:25and that is followed

10:27by the accept block

10:29in the accept block

10:30we will check for particular

10:31exceptions

10:32for example

10:33divide by 0

10:34a particular exception

10:35a built-in exception

10:36which in python

10:37already exists

10:38and this error

10:39is called

10:400 division error

10:41so we can check

10:43so we can check

10:44that whatever exception

10:45has come

10:46means that

10:47each exception

10:48has a particular name

10:49so we can check

10:50for already built-in

10:51exceptions

10:52or built-in errors

10:53or we can make

10:54custom exceptions

10:55now we don't need

10:56as such

10:57custom exceptions

10:58because we are trying

10:59to get an idea

11:00of what exactly

11:01exception handling is

11:02so we have already

11:03an error exists

11:04which is 0 division error

11:05so basically

11:06if that error

11:07has come

11:08we will automatically

11:09detect Python

11:10what error has come

11:11here

11:12so this error

11:13will encounter

11:14Python

11:15and as this error

11:16will come

11:17to us

11:18what code

11:19should run

11:20what work

11:21should be

11:22how to handle

11:23it

11:24that work

11:25we can create

11:26multiple

11:27accept blocks

11:28depending upon

11:29what are the

11:30different types

11:31of errors

11:32that can happen

11:33after that

11:34finally

11:35we will create

11:36our else block

11:37for example

11:38let's copy this

11:39and remove it

11:40let's suppose

11:41this is our normal code

11:42which we have

11:43written

11:44and we want to print

11:45the answer

11:46let's run the code

11:47and we want to print

11:48and we want to print

11:49the answer

11:50let's run the code

11:51in the code

11:52we have entered

11:535

11:54so 10 divided by 5

11:55we have to print

11:562.2

11:57and we want to print

11:58and we want to print

11:59the answer

12:00let's run the code

12:01in the code

12:02we have entered

12:035

12:04so 10 divided by 5

12:05we have to print

12:062.2

12:07and we want to print

12:080

12:09so what happened

12:10in that case

12:11we have directly

12:12we have thrown

12:13an error

12:14which is the 0

12:15division error

12:16which is division by 0

12:17which is in line number 2

12:18so python has

12:19automatically detect

12:20what error

12:21and after that

12:22whatever code

12:23its execution flow

12:24will stop

12:25so to prevent this

12:26we use

12:27exception handling

12:29in exception handling

12:30whatever lines

12:31can throw exception

12:32those lines

12:33we will write

12:34inside our

12:35try block

12:36except

12:37except

12:38we have the exception

12:390

12:40division

12:41error

12:42and

12:43as we can print

12:440

12:45division

12:46error

12:47and

12:48we can print

12:49here

12:50divide

12:51by 0

12:52is not allowed

12:54so we can print

12:55this statement

12:56and

12:57else

12:58block

12:59we can write

13:00our final answer

13:01so if

13:02exception

13:03throw

13:04then we will print

13:05in that case

13:06we will print

13:07let's save it

13:08and run our code

13:09if we have entered 5

13:10then normally

13:11answer will print

13:12and if we enter 0

13:13then we will print

13:14and divide by 0

13:15is not allowed

13:16so this is how we do

13:17exception handling

13:18in fact we can check

13:19multiple exceptions

13:20for example

13:21here

13:22if someone has

13:23x

13:24passed

13:25if they passed

13:26a string

13:27like hello

13:28python

13:29hello world

13:30a value

13:31which can't be converted

13:32into an integer value

13:33here we can have

13:34another exception

13:35which is

13:36value error exception

13:37here we can handle

13:38another exception

13:39with the

13:40except keyword

13:41which is

13:42value error exception

13:43here we can print

13:44f

13:45we can say

13:47invalid

13:48input

13:49let's save it

13:50and run our code

13:51let's save it

13:52and run our code

13:53now if we have

13:54hello

13:55entered here

13:56then we will print

13:57invalid input

13:58so this is how we use

13:59the different keywords

14:00to handle our exceptions

14:01now we want to see

14:02what are the other

14:03built-in exceptions

14:04in python

14:05for that we can visit

14:06this link

14:07which is for w3 schools

14:08in w3 schools

14:09we can check python

14:10built-in exceptions

14:11we have many exceptions

14:12like we can have

14:14lookup error

14:15we can have

14:16os error

14:17we can have

14:18overflow error

14:19error

14:21so

14:22in this case

14:23we can get

14:24an

14:25overflow error

14:26in that case

14:27we can get

14:28an

14:29overflow error

14:30we can get

14:31basic syntax errors

14:32if we issue

14:33in

14:34this way

14:35we have

14:36value error

14:37zero division error

14:38and a lot of

14:39different errors

14:40we can also have

14:41indentation

14:42error

14:43we can have

14:44lot of

14:45exceptions

14:46next

14:47we are going to learn

14:48to list which is called List Comprehensions. List Comprehensions already existing thing

14:54is a simple and concise way. Let's take example, for example, we have to create a list

15:00in which with 0 or with 1, let's suppose with 5, we have to store all numbers of squares

15:06in which we would have value 1, 0, 1, we will have 4, we will have no one, 16 and 25.

15:14So, by this way, we want to store all numbers of squares in a list in a form.

15:19Now, what are available tools for this work? We have the most simple available tool that is a loop

15:26that we can create a loop and create this list. How do we do? We can create a list of let's suppose numbers

15:33or in fact, let's call this list squares. We can initialize the squares like an empty list.

15:38Now, we can create a loop, i in range 0 to 6 and there we can append in the list some values.

15:47What values append? i square which is i into i append and after that we can print our squares.

15:56Let's save it and run. So, in this way, we will have all numbers of squares.

16:00Now, for this work, a simple, concise and easy way is our list comprehensions.

16:06In the list comprehensions, we have a simple fixed type format which we can use in the loops

16:12where we can do all the work in a single line. That basic format is that first of all,

16:17we define our output that we need exactly what output in our list.

16:21Now, this output we define in the form of a variable. For example, in our loop,

16:27we have a variable i used here. So, we can write here that what we need output?

16:31We need output i square which is i into i. But, where will we get this output? Basically,

16:36our looping part, we define next. So, whatever is our iterable,

16:41whatever is our collection, wherever we take this variable and calculate values,

16:45we will define it here. So, here we will write for i in our previous range 6.

16:52So, what we have written in the loop here, meaning,

16:55which iterable, which loop, which range we will take value.

16:59That is the same thing we define here. After that, we can write any condition.

17:04Now, the condition part is optional. If we want to work on a specific condition,

17:09then we define that condition here. Now, we will see an example here.

17:13But, in this example, we don't have any condition in this example.

17:16We want to know that from 0 to 5, we can get all the numbers of all the numbers.

17:20So, we can store this square in our list, whatever list it is.

17:25And, we format this whole thing with the help of square brackets.

17:28So, here we have square brackets here. So, this will be another simple way to do this.

17:33We can write square is equal to i into i which is i square for i in range 6.

17:40And, we will print our square value. And, we are going to get the same output.

17:44Let's execute the code. And, in this case,

17:47we use the same values. And, in this case, we use our list comprehension.

17:57Now, let's suppose, we want to create squares.

18:00But, only the odd numbers, we want to add the squares in our list.

18:05So, if we have numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

18:09So, only the odd values, which are 1, 3, and 5.

18:12We want to make the list of these three squares.

18:15Which is going to be 1, 9, and 25.

18:19Now, for this, generally, if we use this loop,

18:22Then, in the loop, we would have to write an if condition.

18:24That, if i modulo 2 is not equal to 0.

18:27In that case, we store the value in our list.

18:30Now, the conditions of this way,

18:32we can write it in our comprehension.

18:34How do we write it?

18:35We can directly define our condition here.

18:39That, if i modulo 2,

18:42that means, we will refer whatever variable.

18:44Here, if we store i2,

18:45then, we can refer i to this way.

18:47If i modulo 2 is not equal to 0.

18:50In that case,

18:51we store i2 in our list.

18:53So, this is how we add an additional condition at the end.

18:57Here, we can add condition.

18:59If i modulo 2 is not equal to 0.

19:03If i2 is not equal to 0.

19:04If i2 is not equal to 0.

19:06Let's save it and run.

19:07So, this time, we will store our list in our list.

19:11So, this is how we use list comprehensions.

19:14In fact, we can take another simple example.

19:17We want to write list comprehensions.

19:19We have multiple ways.

19:20We want to use directly if else.

19:22If else, it means,

19:24Let's take an example,

19:25that we already have a list that exists.

19:27We have a list in which

19:29there are some negative numbers,

19:30some positive numbers.

19:31We have 3,

19:32we have 5,

19:33we have 2,

19:34we have minus 1.

19:35We want to replace all the negative numbers in this list.

19:38So, finally,

19:40finally,

19:41we have a list.

19:42This is 003,

19:435,

19:442 and 0.

19:45In this way,

19:46our list will convert.

19:47So, how will we do this work?

19:48In our list comprehensions,

19:50we can,

19:51basically,

19:52we need to traverse this list.

19:54So, let's call this list numbers.

19:56Let's call it numbers.

19:58We want,

19:59for n in numbers,

20:01n can be our value,

20:02which is available on our numbers.

20:05In fact,

20:06we can call this value.

20:07For value in numbers,

20:09we want 0,

20:10if our value is less than 0.

20:12So,

20:13if this value is minus 2,

20:14if the value variable is minus 2,

20:15if the value variable is minus 2,

20:16in that case,

20:17we want to store 0.

20:18How will we write this?

20:19We will write this,

20:20we will write 0,

20:21if value is less than 0,

20:23but if value is greater than or equal to 0,

20:26in that case,

20:27in that case,

20:28in that case,

20:29in that case,

20:30we need 3,

20:31in that case,

20:32in that case,

20:33we need 5.

20:34So,

20:35we can write else value.

20:36Basically,

20:37value is less than 0,

20:38in that case,

20:39we want to 0,

20:40but in that case,

20:41we want the value itself.

20:42So, in that case,

20:43we can create a condition

20:44in the form of list comprehension,

20:45in that case,

20:46we can replace all negative values

20:48with 0.

20:49Let's look at the practical implementation.

20:52Let's suppose,

20:53we have a list of numbers,

20:54in which we have some negative numbers,

20:56then,

20:57we have some positive numbers,

20:59and then again,

21:00some negative numbers,

21:01and in that case,

21:02we have a lot of numbers.

21:03Now,

21:04we can overwrite the numbers here,

21:060,

21:08if the value is less than 0,

21:11else,

21:12we want the value itself,

21:13for all the values,

21:15in numbers.

21:16So, in that case,

21:17we can write conditions in this case,

21:18and if I print numbers again,

21:21all the negative values,

21:22are going to get overwritten.

21:24In that case,

21:25we will overwrite all the values,

21:26and we will convert them to 0.

21:28In that case,

21:29we want directly to our output,

21:31we have a conditional output here,

21:33but directly to our output,

21:34we can apply some particular functions.

21:37Let's suppose,

21:38we have some words,

21:39that we have stored in a list,

21:42we have hello,

21:43we have python,

21:45we have our college,

21:47so,

21:48in that case,

21:49we have a lot of words.

21:50Now,

21:51we want these words,

21:52which are in the upper case,

21:53convert,

21:54so, in that case,

21:55we have a function,

21:56which is called .upper,

21:57so,

21:58we have words of 0.upper,

22:00if we do,

22:01and if I print the value,

22:03so,

22:04we have values in the upper case,

22:05so,

22:06in that case,

22:07we get upper case values,

22:08in that case,

22:09we also have the lower function,

22:10so,

22:11what can we do,

22:12we can use this function,

22:13in our output,

22:14how do we do that,

22:15to override our words,

22:17we can use,

22:18value.upper,

22:21for,

22:22value in,

22:24words,

22:25and then we can,

22:26print the,

22:27words list,

22:28let's run this code,

22:30and in that case,

22:31our values,

22:32will override,

22:33so,

22:34string comprehensions,

22:35help us a lot,

22:36in the form of a for loop,

22:38so,

22:39if we have a lot of simple conditions,

22:40to apply our particular iterable,

22:42in this case,

22:44mostly list,

22:45so,

22:46in those cases,

22:47we can use our list comprehensions,

22:48next,

22:49we are going to learn about,

22:50the json module,

22:51now,

22:52what exactly,

22:53is json,

22:54json basically,

22:55stands for,

22:56javascript object notation,

22:59now,

23:00here,

23:01we can ask,

23:02javascript is Python,

23:03another programming language,

23:04so,

23:05exactly,

23:06studying about,

23:07javascript object notation,

23:08json,

23:09we have a format,

23:11this is one of the most popular formats,

23:13in which,

23:14web developers,

23:15they store their data,

23:16whenever,

23:17we build websites,

23:18or,

23:19in fact,

23:20when we build apps,

23:21generally,

23:22back-end development,

23:23or front-end development,

23:24when we store data,

23:25in the form of files,

23:26so,

23:27in that case,

23:28we use a lot of json format,

23:29so,

23:30a lot of standard format,

23:31in the industry,

23:32for storing data,

23:33like,

23:34we have .csv format,

23:35like,

23:36we have .txt format,

23:37like,

23:38we have json format,

23:39which can store data,

23:40now,

23:41json format,

23:42which is,

23:43which is,

23:44quite similar,

23:45with python dictionaries,

23:46like,

23:47in python,

23:48in dictionaries,

23:49we store data,

23:50in some way,

23:51in curly braces,

23:52like,

23:53we store JSON data,

23:54in JSON data,

23:55we have key value pairs,

23:57in the dictionary,

23:59we have key value pairs,

24:01like,

24:02if we want to store data,

24:03name,

24:04so,

24:05in this way,

24:06we can write name,

24:07this is json format,

24:08python dictionaries,

24:09also,

24:10like,

24:11if i want to store subjects,

24:12then,

24:13we can store them,

24:14in the form of an array,

24:15so,

24:16in the array,

24:17we can have python,

24:19we can have data science,

24:21we can have a lot of things,

24:23now,

24:24we have heard first time words,

24:26array,

24:28in JSON,

24:29the array,

24:30we call Python,

24:31we call list,

24:32or,

24:33the list of Python,

24:34in JSON format,

24:35we call arrays,

24:36in Python,

24:37the dictionary,

24:38we call object,

24:39or,

24:40in Python,

24:41the string,

24:42we call string,

24:43in JSON,

24:44we call string,

24:45so,

24:46these are strings,

24:47or,

24:48in fact,

24:49in Python,

24:50which we call none data type,

24:51in JSON,

24:52we call null,

24:54so,

24:55in JSON format,

24:56which we see values,

24:57we look familiar,

24:58but,

24:59actually,

25:00in JSON,

25:01in JavaScript,

25:02different names,

25:03now,

25:04why exactly,

25:05are we dealing with JSON format,

25:06why are we talking about it,

25:07basically,

25:08when we create our models,

25:09we can create our models,

25:10in Python,

25:11or,

25:12when we deal with our models,

25:14then,

25:15definitely,

25:16what will be our majority code,

25:17that will be related to Python,

25:18but,

25:19when we use those models,

25:20in a practical application,

25:21it will be used in a website,

25:23or in a application,

25:25for example,

25:26for example,

25:27if we make an AI chatbot,

25:28now,

25:29this AI chatbot,

25:30is a larger application,

25:31or a website,

25:32and,

25:33when we share data,

25:34then,

25:35we will be required to export our data,

25:37and we will be required to import our data,

25:39and,

25:40generally,

25:41when we export this data,

25:42or import this data,

25:43we can import it,

25:44in this particular format,

25:45so,

25:46whenever,

25:47there is a website,

25:48which is a web developer,

25:49and,

25:50let's suppose,

25:51as a data scientist,

25:52we are working in that company,

25:53and,

25:54in such cases,

25:55our development team,

25:56can give us data,

25:57in the form of JSON format,

25:58so,

25:59we should deal with JSON data,

26:00we should understand the basics,

26:02of how to deal with JSON,

26:04in Python,

26:05so,

26:06we have a special module,

26:07which is the JSON module,

26:08we can import the JSON module,

26:10as we normally import our OS module,

26:12or import another module,

26:14and,

26:15in this case,

26:16we have some special functions,

26:17which help us,

26:18to convert the JSON format,

26:19to Python code,

26:20and,

26:21Python format,

26:22to JSON,

26:23so,

26:24we can deal with JSON data,

26:26so,

26:27when we have to create JSON data,

26:28in Python objects,

26:29or Python dictionaries,

26:30or strings,

26:31we have to create our JSON module,

26:32there,

26:33we use JSON module,

26:34now,

26:35let's look at an example,

26:36of what does JSON data look like,

26:38let's create a file,

26:39which is data.json,

26:41and,

26:42in this file,

26:43we store a JSON data,

26:45now,

26:46we can store a JSON data,

26:47in the form of this object,

26:49so,

26:50basically,

26:51we create JavaScript objects,

26:52in JSON,

26:53and that is why,

26:54it is called,

26:55JavaScript object notation,

26:56and,

26:57in this file,

26:58we can store our normal strings,

26:59key value pairs,

27:00in this way,

27:01in fact,

27:02we can also create,

27:04some variables,

27:05boolean variables,

27:06like,

27:07this teacher name,

27:08can be a variable,

27:09which,

27:10we store true value,

27:11in this file,

27:12because,

27:13we write with small,

27:14or lowercase t,

27:15but,

27:16in Python,

27:17we write it with capital T,

27:18so,

27:19in JSON format,

27:20we have to write JavaScript notations,

27:21now,

27:22we don't need to learn JavaScript format,

27:23JavaScript syntax,

27:24this is just basic information,

27:26that I am sharing with you,

27:27we have to deal with majority,

27:28with Python,

27:29we have to deal with Python,

27:30our JSON module,

27:31will automatically,

27:32convert that syntax,

27:33in this teacher,

27:34we can store our address,

27:35so,

27:36in this teacher,

27:37we can store our address,

27:38so,

27:39in this address,

27:40we can create,

27:41in this object,

27:42in this object,

27:43in this object,

27:44in Python,

27:45we can create,

27:46in this dictionary,

27:48so,

27:49here,

27:50we can have the city,

27:51this is also going to be,

27:53key value,

27:54and,

27:55we can have Delhi,

27:56and,

27:57we can have the country,

27:59so,

28:00here,

28:01we can write India,

28:02so,

28:03in this way,

28:04we can have multiple values,

28:05so,

28:06we can create our subjects,

28:07and,

28:08here,

28:09we can create a list,

28:10and,

28:11here,

28:12we can create an array,

28:13so,

28:14in this array,

28:15we can have Python,

28:16we can have,

28:17data science,

28:18or,

28:19let's call it,

28:20AIML,

28:21so,

28:23in this way,

28:24we can have multiple values,

28:25so,

28:26this is some basic JSON data,

28:27that we have,

28:28now,

28:29how do we deal with Python,

28:30this JSON data,

28:31we can deal with Python,

28:32on this,

28:33what operations can perform,

28:34before we perform,

28:35we have to import the JSON module,

28:36and,

28:37in JSON module,

28:38we give multiple functions,

28:39there are two important functions,

28:41loads,

28:42and dumps,

28:43in this last,

28:44S,

28:45this is not for plural value,

28:47this S,

28:48basically,

28:49stands for string,

28:50when,

28:51let's suppose,

28:52our data,

28:53we represent it in JSON string,

28:55in the format,

28:56so,

28:57when we want to convert our JSON string,

28:59to Python object,

29:01we use this function,

29:03so,

29:05when we want to load JSON data,

29:07in the form of a Python object,

29:09then,

29:10we will use loads,

29:11and,

29:12when we want to dump data,

29:13dump,

29:14it means,

29:15here,

29:16when we want to convert our Python object,

29:18to a JSON string,

29:20that,

29:21we can store the JSON format,

29:22in the form of a JSON string,

29:24then,

29:25we will use dumps,

29:27let's look at an example,

29:28let's suppose,

29:29we have some JSON data,

29:30and,

29:31this JSON data string,

29:32already exists,

29:33so,

29:34we can store this JSON data,

29:35in the form of a string,

29:36for that,

29:37let's take these two parameters,

29:39let's suppose,

29:40this is a JSON string,

29:42and,

29:43since this is a string,

29:44let's try to,

29:45save this,

29:46and,

29:47print this,

29:48in the same line,

29:49so,

29:50this is a JSON format,

29:51which exists,

29:52in fact,

29:53if we print it,

29:54then,

29:55this is going to be,

29:56type string,

29:57when we store this data,

29:58in the Python file,

29:59this is only a Python file,

30:01which is stored in the file,

30:02in which the data is stored,

30:03so,

30:04we can store JSON data,

30:05in Python,

30:06in the form of a string,

30:07now,

30:08if we want to convert this data,

30:09we want to convert,

30:10so,

30:11let's also remove this comma,

30:13at the end,

30:14so,

30:15we have our JSON format,

30:16now,

30:17we have to convert it,

30:18to Python object,

30:19so,

30:20in Python object,

30:21we can use,

30:22JSON.loads,

30:23and,

30:24in loads,

30:25which is our JSON string,

30:26we pass it,

30:27so,

30:28in loads,

30:29we pass the string,

30:30our JSON data load,

30:31and it will convert into Python object,

30:33and,

30:34then,

30:35we can print our Python object,

30:36and,

30:37let's run this code,

30:38so,

30:39like Python object,

30:40means,

30:41that,

30:42this data will convert,

30:43because,

30:44we already know,

30:45what is JSON format,

30:46that is very similar to Python dictionary,

30:47so,

30:48this data will be converted,

30:49to a Python dictionary,

30:50and,

30:51in fact,

30:52we can print this data,

30:53we can print our Python object,

30:54so,

30:55we have these values,

30:56and,

30:57one change,

30:58you will notice,

30:59that,

31:00when we have JSON format,

31:01even though,

31:02it looks very similar to Python Dictionary,

31:03that is not Python format,

31:04that is not Python format,

31:05these are actually JavaScript,

31:06variables,

31:07which are JavaScript,

31:08and,

31:25but,

31:26we convert them into Python values,

31:28values have but we can convert them into python values with the dot loads function

31:33if we reverse this work then we can use dot dumps for example if i already have a python object

31:41let's create a python object here so we can have a name which is shraddha

31:51we can have this teacher name variable in which we can store the true value with capital p

31:58so this is a python object this is a python dictionary now if we want to convert this in json string

32:04here we can have the json string and here we only use json.dumps in which we will pass our python object

32:13and then we can print the type of json string and we can also print the json string let's save it

32:20and run so now we have this data in json string in the format convert and this is the data

32:26so here there was a capital t true and it converted into small true and in fact if i write none

32:32here it is going to get converted to null value so in python this which is our module

32:36automatically detects which type to which particular type to convert so when we have to deal with

32:42strings and dictionaries then we use these two functions but in majority cases we will be

32:47directly dealing with files we have this json data this can be directly in a file format

32:54so here we have to deal with files we use these two functions

32:59when we have to deal with strings it will be like this when we have to deal with files

33:03then we have singular values which is load and dump so when we want to read data from json file

33:10so for that we use load function and when we want to dump data from json file or write

33:16we want to write data from there we use dump and here we can combine the file io and json

33:22module to their concepts like let's clear this for example we have to read this json data from this file

33:28so how will we do this work we will basically open our file so we can open our file with open

33:34within this file we can pass the name of file data dot json now here this file is in the same folder

33:40where our code is in here so we are directly writing the name of the json file but if this file is in

33:46another folder then we have to write absolute path in that case we have to define our format

33:52then we want to define our format we want to just read from this file so we can open the file

33:56open the file and we can use json.loads and in this we can pass our file object in this file object

34:02all the data is in the file object so json module is going to load all the json data and convert it into

34:09python object so we have that data in python object and in fact then we can print this python object

34:14let's save it and run the code so in this way we are going to get the data we can print this python

34:21object this is going to be type dictionary let's run the code

34:26this is going to be type dictionary this is going to be type dictionary and this is all the data

34:28that we have stored here so inside this teacher we have small t valor true store here we are going to

34:36get this capital t valor true so this data is in python format we can also do it

34:41let's suppose we have some python data which we have already created we have a sample dictionary

34:46in which we have some data which has already stored we can have name so inside the name we can

34:52same data which we can write with it we can also have age so in h we can store any value we can also

35:00have some other variable let's suppose is teacher and inside this so this is basically python format

35:07which we have created a dictionary with help

35:09now we want to override this data into our file so for that we can open the file in the right mode

35:15and we can use json.dump function in json.dump

35:23first we have to pass that data which we want to dump you can call this in fact data

35:29so if we want to dump this data first we will pass that data after that we will pass our file object

35:34and in this way this data will be dumped in our file this will be overwritten by this data

35:44let's save it and run the code so as we have written this particular data for us

35:49so here we have small t valor true when we have added that thing that was capital t valor true which is the

35:55python syntax now when we are trying to dump data or when we are trying to load data we also have some

36:00additional options that we can use just for example when we dump data our data is all the json data

36:07in a single line we want to add indentation to add indentation we have an option which is indent

36:15and in indent we can give number of spaces value in the indentation we want to add four spaces

36:19indentation in our data so as we save it and if we rerun the code again

36:25so in that case we are going to get indentation in our output we can also sort our keys in the same format

36:32like now our keys are named, age, teacher they are not sorted in ascending or even in descending order

36:39so we can sort them here we can pass another option which is sort keys

36:43sort keys value we can pass as true so our keys automatically sort

36:48let's save this code come here and rerun it so this is how we use the json module in python

Category

Transcript

Be the first to comment

Recommended