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01:26Volgograd.
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02:58se desee a key soviet center of war industry and communications
03:01the city of stalingrad
03:04to capture stalingrad the germans send one of army group b's best equipped
03:08mobile armored forces
03:11three hundred thousand battle-hardened men
03:16three thousand artillery pieces
03:20and three hundred tanks
03:25the armored nazi onslaught forces the soviets back to the river don
03:33stalin knows his army must make a stand
03:36and he anchors his entire defensive line at stalingrad
03:39if it falls nothing can stop the germans from winning the war in the east
03:44desperate to buy time they send their understrength first and fourth tank
03:49armies with only 200 000 men
03:54100 artillery pieces
03:57and just 258 t-34 and 40 kv-1 heavy tanks to fight the powerful german sixth army
04:06outnumbered the russians must fight a desperate rearguard action to delay the germans crossing the river don
04:13well a decision was made as soon as we were aware that the germans came out to date on
04:22we were told to immediately organize two tank
04:26armies we would defend this high ground here
04:36we could not let the germans through we had to stop them
04:42all of us lived with that idea in mind that was our task
04:50july 27th 1942 the germans advance on the river don to seize the main crossing just 65 kilometers from stalingrad
05:00but the russian first tank army launches a counter-attack to stop them
05:05with the first tank army is lieutenant vasili krizov leading a platoon of kv-1 heavy tanks
05:11a series of green flares sorbed into the sky the signal for the attack
05:19our engine roared and our kv moved out towards the enemy
05:23it was beginning to grow lighter and the germans opened a storm of fire
05:41one shell exploded about 20 meters ahead of our tanks
05:46almost immediately a second shell glances off our left side
05:50the kv-1 heavy tank is a 43 ton monster
06:10his 76 millimeter main cannon is lethal even at long range
06:14and with 75 millimeters of frontal armor it's the most heavily armored tank on the battlefield
06:21the tanks accelerated making sharp maneuvers and shell strikes continued glancing off their sides
06:30our tanks went out and had 15 to 20 dents from the shells
06:43the russians always formed waves of tanks and sent them forward to the huge massive hammerhead
06:49not as the germans as a as a flexible maneuver force but just as a blunt instrument
06:56toilet stop there's a gun just under the tree anti-personnel shell fire
07:04the fascist gun fell silent and for good two tanks were burning to the right
07:11seros tank to my left hitters like a mine
07:20a second gun was now firing at our tank the germans managed to hit us three times
07:27but the shells hadn't penetrated the armor
07:33german cannons could not destroy the armor of heavy tanks
07:37tanks that is why tanks were used to break the enemy's defense and destroy the permanent weapon
07:47and the emplacements of the enemy
08:00the kd1 tanks storm into the village but now face a more deadly foe
08:08since both sides often try to break through the other side
08:18the tanks got closer and closer
08:23our brigade moved towards a farm where the main enemy panzer group was positioned the ensuing combat was fierce
08:31a panzer four tank quickly moved in our direction the battle in the eastern front was tanks rolling
08:39into a good position standing aiming very slowly for for modern um eyes and then shooting and it was kind of a of a duel often
08:50halt armor piercing fire
08:56the german gun layer beat us to the punch
09:01however after the hit by our shell the german tank blew up
09:13seros crew also set fire to attack
09:23but they kept the enemy back for the whole month at great cost of life
09:28and they gave our high command our general staff a chance to accumulate and move up the reserves
09:36to stalingrad in order to defend it
09:45in one month's fighting the russians lose over 300 000 men and 1 000 tanks
09:50and by august 23rd the first tank army has been all but wiped out
09:58now there is nothing to stop the hundreds of german tanks pouring across the river don
10:03and reaching the banks of the river volga at stalingrad the enemy is at the gates the russian
10:11defenders now face a fight for survival most of all we were feeling emotionally that we would fight for
10:18stalingrad yes we will resist we will resist this fight
10:26this fight we stand here that we
10:38june 1942
10:40a year after hitler's invasion of russia his armies have suffered a million casualties
10:45desperate to finish off the war in the east hitler launches operation blue
10:55by august 23rd hitler's sixth army stands at the gates of stalingrad the russians last line of
11:02defense if the city falls nothing can stop the germans from winning the war in the east
11:07now to prepare the way for his ground assault hitler sends hundreds of planes to bomb the city terrorize
11:15its people and crush their resistance
11:22the city was on fire the city was destroyed
11:28the german air bombardment kills 40 000 men women and children
11:32the survivors scramble from the ruins as the first german tanks begin their assault on the city
11:40the german plan attack stalingrad from three directions seize the main boat landing on the river
11:46volga cutting off reinforcements and capture the city the speed and ferocity of the german assault
11:54stuns the russian defenders they scramble to the outskirts of the city to repel the attack with anti-tank
12:00rifles we went on a counter-offensive battle to cut off the germans that had broken through to the volga
12:12as a company commander of anti-tank guns
12:18now 20 tanks were coming to us from the volga river toward infantry lying in an open field
12:24there were 16 anti-tank rifles each two and a half meters long
12:45the biggest problem for us was the anti-tank rifles they used projectiles that penetrate the light armor
12:53and to cause quite some damage to us
13:00i personally saw the power of an anti-tank bullet
13:09the bullet pierced the outer armor first frontal armor some of its fragments could strike a crew member
13:18of the enemy top of the enemy and one of the fragments might get into the gas tank causing it to catch on fire
13:25and explode
13:39they set one tank on fire then another a third started spinning and the rest of the tanks stopped
13:47at that time i would say they were still on the defensive but they fought to the last man
14:03at first we were winning of course but under difficult circumstances
14:07despite russian resistance german tanks seized stalingrad's northern suburbs threatening to capture
14:17the nearby tractor factory that has been converted to produce t-34 tanks this factory is one of the
14:23last left under soviet control so they desperately need to keep it out of enemy hands at that plant i
14:31formed the tank squadron we were ready so we were together with workers brigade with people's volunteers
14:41and with fighter battalions short of men and tanks the factory workers and the t-34 tanks they have just
14:50assembled are led by soviet army officers directly from the factory floor into battle the soviets were
14:57masses of mass production the t-34 was not a beautiful tank but they could produce this tank in vast numbers
15:05in very short time
15:10the t-34 has a simple design a powerful 76 millimeter main gun 45 millimeters of sloped frontal armor and a top
15:19speed of 40 kilometers an hour it is the workhorse of the red army
15:23the t-34 was a brilliant mixture of mobility armor and firepower
15:32and now the russians will need that firepower
15:36suddenly the commander of the armored units rushed to us
15:40and he said that german troops broke through by the volga right to the planet
15:46well the command we received was to move there and stop the tanks by the river
16:02the commands i gave were simple follow me do as i do
16:06the first attack was very powerful the attack was very powerful
16:21the projectile of the t-34 penetrated our armor and was therefore able to destroy us more easily
16:36i was very scared
16:42several tanks were hit the germans also lost a lot of tanks and their grenadiers
16:53when you see the first dead or wounded fellow soldiers and you see how terrible it all was
16:59i was very scared i was very scared
17:08we advanced in columns
17:12and forced the germans out
17:20that was my baptism of fire
17:24the first day of the battle has been a deadly one for the people of stalingrad
17:28they have repelled the german attack but suffer tens of thousands of casualties
17:33and the city is now surrounded on three sides
17:36general vasily chukov now takes command of the besieged city
17:42and if it falls so too will the entire soviet defensive line and the war in the east will be lost
17:48chukov sends a message to the soviet high command we will defend the city or die trying
17:55he turns every street and every building into a death trap as the germans will soon find out
18:05damn that was a dangerous situation we stirred up a hornet's nest
18:10october 1942 the battle for stalingrad has been raging for 83 days at a cost of over half a million russian and german soldiers
18:29hitler's armies surround the city on three sides
18:38if general chukov and the soviets lose stalingrad they will lose the war in the east so they vow to defend
18:44the city to the last man
18:48stalingrad became for them the symbol of this holding the line so they decided to um defend the city
18:54very furiously and that's the reason why stalingrad became such a culmination point of fighting the
19:00east and front the german plan was to bomb stalingrad hoping to crush resistance in the city but two
19:07months later their plan has backfired the massive bombing raids have transformed stalingrad into a deadly
19:13killing ground rubble-filled ruins provide a thousand places for lethal ambushes they've got some big
19:20they actually had urban warfare for the very first time during all these years of war that was something
19:26new for us the german attack is bogged down in fierce street fighting its mighty panzer armies can't
19:34maneuver easily through the ruined urban battleground funnels down streets they fall prey to general chukov
19:40and his men masses of enemy infantry supported by tanks swooped along the road from the tractor factory
19:50we drove in a fire down the middle of the street because you can't maneuver the vehicles otherwise
19:57we continued on until that moment when i spotted the tanks
20:05our tank crews met an enemy attack with concentrated fire
20:11they were basically superior to us we stirred up a hornet's nest
20:1610 enemy tanks immediately went up in flames
20:26german generals sent up more and more fresh units in waves
20:32the german tanks coming under fire from our c-34s turned back
20:37and the vehicles pulled out to get out of the fire line of the russian tanks
20:53afterwards you say to yourself damn that was a dangerous situation
20:58all across the city german casualties mount as the russians repel the invaders
21:07with each small victory the russians weaken the german attack while buying time to strengthen their own
21:13forces hitler is determined to press for victory before the soviets can counter-attack
21:18but the city cannot be conquered with mass tank attacks the german soldier will have to take stalingrad
21:26in savage close-quarter fighting street by street building by building
21:32stalingrad is a big city and has lots of buildings
21:39in general going into a house during urban warfare is usually very dangerous
21:44we took cover in the halls and there we would sit and wait for the tanks to come close enough to shoot them
21:55the rule of thumb was whoever shoots first wins and survives
22:00one of them was driving along the main streets with one of our scouts following him on his motorcycle
22:15throwing hand grenades on the t-34
22:33the tank was shooting crosswise the gun was pointed like this
22:36so after he shot i thought now i get out quickly and deposit the charge on his rear
22:48we would try to deposit the charge on top of the engine on the rear of the tank
22:54but he had obviously seen me he turned very fast and shot
22:58the splinter injured my head and i was unconscious the scout dragged me to the side of the street so the
23:08tank wouldn't overrun me and threw the remaining grenades onto the t-34
23:14the tank was on top of the tank was on top of the tank was on top of the tank was on top of the
23:23november 1942 after months of savage street fighting the russians have lost hundreds of thousands of men
23:32they hold just a few small pockets of the city with their backs against the volga river
23:37and they are running critically low on food and ammunition
23:40well the situation was very difficult the fate of our motherland hung by a thread
23:50the germans prepare for their final push to destroy the stubborn russian resistance in the city
23:56but the battle is far from over the soviets plan a new offensive with their last reserves of men and
24:02tanks a final gamble that will turn the tide of the second world war
24:10after five months of brutal fighting the germans have conquered almost all of stalingrad
24:25the russian defenders surrounded with their backs to the river volga are desperate
24:30hoping to break the siege the soviet high command comes up with
24:34a daring plan operation uranus the plan soviet armies a total of 800 tanks and one million men
24:44will attack simultaneously from the southeast and north cut through the german lines and join
24:49up at kalach on the dawn river to encircle the german sixth army besieging stalingrad
24:54on november 19 1942 the soviets launched their attack the big attack on stalingrad by the russians started
25:08but this had been so well prepared by the russians and they had so many forces there
25:14that there was no way we were going to get through
25:16it's a bold move russian tanks smashed through weak enemy resistance in just two days and storm
25:29across the river dawn at kalach manning a machine gun with the german units defending the river crossing
25:35is gunter koshorik we can now hear other noises the droaning of diesel engines and the squeaky clutter of
25:42tank tracks the russians are already across the dawn
25:50then the t-34s emerge from the haze i count five of the steel giants
25:59i've never seen an enemy tanks this close before and it looks very menacing
26:06he stops at the edge of the trench with his broadside towards us
26:12suddenly he backs up
26:23he has spotted us and is turning his turret towards us
26:27the shell strikes home just made it behind us
26:34and he lowers his gun and aims directly at us
26:36suddenly the tank is literally blown apart the pioneers call over to us that they have destroyed it
26:44with a couple of mines
26:50koshorik survives but the bigger picture is bleak for the germans
26:55the two soviet forces link up at the don river trapping the 250 000 men of the sixth german army in
27:02stalingrad we understood that here we did something extraordinary and when the commanding officers
27:10drive up they shake hands praise us and then they start telling us you guys we have encircled a huge army
27:22operation uranus has cut off vital supply lines and shortages of food fuel and
27:27ammunition are quickly felt by the germans in stalingrad
27:33hitler must act quickly or the entire sixth army will be lost german high command plans a relief mission
27:41operation winter storm
27:44the plan elite panzer divisions a total of 250 tanks and 50 000 men will punch through soviet lines
27:52open a corridor to stalingrad through which the sixth army can escape december 12 1942
28:00operation winter storm begins desperate to counter the rescue attempt the russians hurriedly send a force
28:08to intercept the advancing german tanks near verknikumsky but the german commander general
28:14erhard rouse has set a deadly trap russian forces border the verknikumsky at dawn
28:23in long columns the tank units of this division were advancing this area was situated in the valley
28:32it was the strength of our tanks that they were able to maneuver themselves into tactical favorable
28:39positions and it was crucial for our tanks to bring themselves into a position preferably where they
28:47couldn't be seen by the enemy from where they could easily get the russian tanks from the side
28:56all of a sudden german tanks appeared on the snow covered hills
28:59they slowly advanced towards their victims who as yet were unaware of their imminent disaster
29:11a concentric attack began with the complete encirclement of the russian brigade
29:18the enemy suddenly saw more than 200 tanks descended from the hills and fall upon his columns
29:23200 guns fired from closed grains at the enemy tanks
29:38all tanks were armored very well at the front but not so much on the sides this is how they were successful
29:54the russian tanks engaged the german tanks coming down from the hills in a fire duel for life or death
30:07the enemy attack ended in a tank graveyard
30:14the germans defeat the russian counter-attack and cross the axe river
30:20they are now less than 70 kilometers from their 250 000 trapped comrades so there was a real threat of a
30:28breakthrough to stalingrad and a possibility to save the trapped sixth army army army but the soviets
30:36have sacrificed too much to allow the german sixth army to escape if they can keep them encircled in the city
30:42they can win the battle of stalingrad and cripple german forces on the eastern front they vow to stop the
30:49relief force whatever the cost our main objective was no step back do not give a single inch of land to the
30:58the germans until either side is destroyed
31:08december 12 1942 for three weeks the german sixth army in stalingrad has been surrounded
31:20250 000 soldiers are freezing in the winter cold and running out of food fuel and ammunition
31:26without fresh supplies the sixth army will be lost hitler sends an elite panzer army to rescue them
31:36the russians send 350 of their own tanks to halt the advancing german relief column
31:41the commander ordered us to move forward quickly to intercept and stop them from crossing the river
31:52my squadron my squadron only had seven tanks
32:02but i was lucky when i got to the ford in the river somebody had dug a sand pit in the bank of the river
32:13when we entered the sand pit it was like entering a trench most of the tank is hidden and only the turret
32:24and the gun are above ground
32:31the germans had to come down the one road to the river and when they did they exposed their sides to us
32:43and we look for the weak point on the side
32:55the panzer 4 has side armor that is just 30 millimeters thick making it vulnerable to a direct hit
33:02but it is equipped with a powerful 75 millimeter main gun capable of knocking out any russian tank
33:08his gun is quite the thing that is why you have to be so precise you aim you wait
33:20i strictly ordered my men to hold their fire until my first shot to let them come closer
33:27we'll wait for the right moment to open fire moment to open fire
33:40all my crew are worried they're getting nervous
33:47everybody was waiting thinking is the commander afraid or something mr. lane why is he not shooting
33:57the germans are getting close we could see the crosses on their tanks my guys waited until my first shot
34:07then they all started firing their guns
34:17you set one on fire then you hit another one
34:19everybody is reporting hit
34:35the official report is 11 german tanks we set on fire
34:40despite the losses german tanks continue to advance across the river and are now less than 60 kilometers
34:54from stalingrad but the russian attacks cost the germans precious time something in short supply for the
35:00trapped sixth army hundreds die every day from wounds starvation and hypothermia the situation is dire
35:09they are running out of time the relief column makes one final push to break through
35:16but the russians are waiting for them on mass the tiny village of verknikumski
35:25we were sent out to verknikumski to occupy the settlement forward forward
35:30so the tank battles started tank versus tank
35:44tanks were destroyed and burning
35:50there were explosions all around and the ground was black
36:00hundreds of tanks are set ablaze the battle rages day and night
36:22and here we are moving forward we were rushing towards our new position
36:30night time we're moving there were six tanks left there were germans there
36:37they must have taken us for their own troops because we have the headlights on
36:42so my lieutenant plugin performed an act of bravery his tank was set on fire
36:59the gun was broken in half by a shell
37:06the fighting in the village becomes even more desperate
37:09the fate of the german sixth army and victory at stalingrad hangs in the balance
37:16so he made the decision to make a ram attack against one of their tanks
37:28the german sixth army is surrounded in stalingrad and running out of supplies
37:33hitler sends a relief panzer force to rescue them
37:41the russians desperate to keep their stranglehold on the encircled army
37:45send hundreds of tanks to halt the advancing german relief column at the village of verknikumski
37:52victory at stalingrad hangs in the balance
37:54so my lieutenant plugin performed an act of bravery
38:01his tank was set on fire the gun was broken in half by a shell
38:10so he made a decision to make a ram attack
38:14against one of the german tanks
38:24so he hits one of the german tanks and this was astonishing for them
38:30that was verknikumski and that's how our people fought
38:45finally the battle ends after three days and three nights of carnage
38:50the russians sacrifice more than 400 tanks and thousands of men
38:55but despite their heroism they cannot halt the german relief column now just 50 kilometers from stalingrad
39:02the rescue of a quarter of a million men trapped there appears imminent
39:07but the germans have an achilles heel every day a fleet of transport planes from airfields deep
39:13behind german lines must fly vital supplies to the encircled sixth army without the airlift it cannot keep fighting
39:20and now i need to add something which i think was left out a lot everywhere in the story about stalingrad
39:32i'm talking about the pilots that flew into the encirclement every day up until the end
39:39first a lot and then gradually fewer they brought us ammunition and frozen bread
39:46the soviets hoping to exploit the german vulnerability launch operation little saturn
39:57the plan soviet tanks will make a daring raid on the vital airfields forcing key german panzer
40:04divisions to defend them and abandon their relief of stalingrad
40:18christmas eve 1942
40:23russian tanks suddenly emerge out of the fog and attack the main german airfield at tatsinskaya
40:29the soviet officer describes the attack our tanks unexpectedly broke into tatsinskaya military airport
40:40a tough fight between tanks and enemy artillery began
40:46germans shooting shells at the russian tanks managed to blow up several of them however the soviet tank
40:54crews broke the nazi defense some of the tanks are low in ammunition and ran the transport quakes
41:10operation little saturn is a success it cripples the air fleet supplying stalingrad
41:16and the german high command is forced to divert the sixth panzer division to defend the airfields
41:22and abandon its relief of stalingrad the loss of the sixth panzer division critically weakens the
41:29relief force all hope of rescuing the sixth army in stalingrad is lost under the pressure of constant
41:38russian attacks the germans in stalingrad soon exhaust their supplies of fuel and ammunition
41:44after a few days we ran out of ammunition and we all became infantrymen the tank was of no use
41:56anymore and just stayed there stuck in the snow on january 31st 1943 the sixth army surrenders
42:08the russian victory at stalingrad is a turning point of the second world war from this day on the soviet
42:16army would force the germans all the way back to berlin and to their final defeat stalingrad was of
42:23course a military disaster we're talking about a whole army being lost on the eastern front that's a
42:28quarter of a million people but the the main point was the blow against the morale of the germans because
42:34this idea of invincibility this idea of winning every battle they picked uh was blown to pieces at this
42:41point for the russians victory comes at an even higher price over one million of their people die
42:51in the defense of stalingrad
42:53i will tell you a story about this tank here i feel the memories come to the surface
43:05memories of this place in 1942 that was a time of hardships on the 50th anniversary of the victory
43:15of stalingrad i personally drove this tank here and it will stay here in the memory of the fallen
43:22soldiers who gave their lives to defend their country tankist of my yard is much more lucky what
43:30and it will stay here in the memory of this tank
44:00Gracias por ver el video.
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