Would You Survive In a Universe Made of Antimatter

Bright Side

What if the universe was made of antimatter? Well, things would be pretty wild! Antimatter is like a mirror image of regular matter, and if it touched normal matter, they’d both explode in a burst of energy. So, if everything in the universe was antimatter, we’d never notice a difference because all the rules would still work the same, but we'd have to avoid any regular matter. The biggest issue is if even a tiny bit of normal matter showed up, it would cause a massive blast. Luckily, our universe is mostly matter, so we don't have to worry about that happening! It's fun to imagine, though, how a whole antimatter universe could exist somewhere else, far away.

Transcript

00:00Imagine a universe made of antimatter.

00:04In this alternate reality, the building blocks of matter are made up of particles with opposite charges,

00:10creating a strange and wondrous world.

00:13What would it look like?

00:15Would the laws of physics be inverted?

00:17Would time run backwards?

00:19Buckle up and let's find out.

00:21First off, let's figure out what antimatter is.

00:25We know that our universe is composed of matter.

00:28Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.

00:32These atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons,

00:36which together form matter and make up everything around us and what we're all made of.

00:42Antimatter, on the other hand, is just like regular matter but the opposite.

00:46Just like how superheroes have opposite powers from their villains,

00:50antimatter has opposite properties from regular matter.

00:53So, while regular matter has protons with positive charges,

00:57antimatter has antiprotons with negative charges.

01:02Instead of electrons, we have positrons.

01:04And instead of neutrinos, we have antineutrinos.

01:08It's like the mirror image of everything we're familiar with.

01:11Now, here's an interesting part.

01:15When an antimatter particle and a matter particle collide,

01:19they annihilate each other and release a huge amount of energy.

01:23This is both a benefit and a drawback.

01:26On one hand, because of this property,

01:29studying antimatter is very difficult and expensive.

01:32We have to be very careful to ensure that antiparticles don't come into contact with ordinary atoms

01:38and don't annihilate each other.

01:41On the other hand, the huge amount of energy they release could revolutionize our lives.

01:46Perhaps one day, we'll start using them in propulsion systems for space travel.

01:50Imagine how amazing that would be!

01:54Scientists suggest that at the beginning of the creation of our universe,

01:59immediately after the Big Bang,

02:01matter and antimatter were equal.

02:03But this raises the question,

02:06where did the antimatter go?

02:08If they were truly equal,

02:10our universe would have been instantly destroyed before it could have been formed.

02:15Particles and antiparticles would have annihilated each other.

02:18Unfortunately, scientists themselves are not sure.

02:23They have a theory that the laws of physics were slightly different in the early universe,

02:27leading to an imbalance between matter and antimatter.

02:31So, after the Big Bang,

02:33particles and antiparticles began to mutually annihilate each other.

02:38However, for some reason,

02:40antimatter started to disappear.

02:42In the end, matter won.

02:44This process led to the creation of our universe.

02:48In the science world, it's known as baryogenesis.

02:52However, there are also scientists who offer more grandiose ideas.

02:58For example,

02:58a team of Canadian scientists from the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics,

03:03led by Neil Turok,

03:04have proposed their own theory.

03:06They suggest that two universes were born at the moment of the Big Bang,

03:11our universe and a parallel one consisting of antimatter.

03:16This is where all the antimatter has gone.

03:18According to this theory,

03:20at the time of the Big Bang,

03:21two universes were born and then they separated.

03:25As the distance between these universes grew,

03:28the interaction between particles and antiparticles

03:31became weaker and weaker

03:33until matter one in our universe

03:35and antimatter in the other.

03:38But the most important question is,

03:41what would this mysterious universe made up of antimatter look like?

03:46You may imagine a universe where everything is flipped.

03:50The stars shine with an eerie blue light instead of yellow.

03:54Buildings are made of glass that reflects light in the opposite direction.

03:57And laws of physics work in the opposite way.

04:01After all,

04:02antimatter has the opposite charge of normal matter.

04:05So isn't that logical?

04:07However, it's not that simple.

04:10Initially,

04:11scientists believed that this universe

04:13could be identical to ours in everything.

04:17All due to a property that used to be known as CP symmetry.

04:22The C stands for charged symmetry

04:24and means that each elementary particle has a twin with an opposite charge.

04:29The P stands for parity symmetry,

04:32meaning the symmetry of space.

04:34That is,

04:35all three directions in our world

04:37have opposite directions in the alternate universe.

04:41This basically means something like,

04:44laws of physics are the same

04:45no matter what the location is

04:47and what type of particle is being considered.

04:50So,

04:51if you were to run the laws of physics in reverse

04:53or in a different location

04:55or with different particles,

04:57the results should be the same.

04:59In simple words,

05:01scientists initially assumed

05:02that the universe of antimatter

05:04would be a mirror image of ours.

05:07It would be a pretty boring world

05:09where everything would be exactly the same as here.

05:12But,

05:13in the 1950s,

05:15scientists were mind-blown

05:16by an unexpected discovery.

05:18Neither of these symmetries held true.

05:20For example,

05:22if you take a piece of cobalt-60,

05:24it will emit particles that spin in one direction.

05:27But if you take the opposite of cobalt-60,

05:30the particles it emit

05:32will spin in the opposite direction.

05:34But they were expected to spin in the same direction.

05:37So,

05:38what's going on here?

05:40Basically,

05:41it turned out that CP symmetry

05:43didn't work for certain weak nuclear reactions.

05:46The weak nuclear force

05:48is just weird like that,

05:49I suppose.

05:51This observation puzzled scientists for years.

05:55And then,

05:55they finally figured out

05:57how to solve this mystery.

05:59They added another letter to CP symmetry,

06:02T,

06:02which stands for

06:03Time Reversal Symmetry.

06:05This means that the antimatter universe,

06:08time,

06:09must flow from the future to the past.

06:11In this case,

06:13the CPT property held true.

06:16So,

06:16it turns out that the antimatter universe

06:18would be a mirror image of our universe,

06:21but with time flowing in the opposite direction.

06:25So,

06:26there may be a version of you

06:28in this antiverse,

06:29watching this video on your upside-down computer,

06:32already knowing the ending.

06:34Isn't that crazy?

06:36So,

06:37although this universe would look similar to ours,

06:40it would also be fundamentally different.

06:43In this world,

06:44things would unravel

06:45instead of coming together.

06:47For example,

06:47broken objects would come back together

06:49to form whole objects.

06:51People would age in reverse,

06:53like Benjamin Button,

06:54and apples would fly up

06:56from Newton's head

06:57back to the tree.

06:59This,

07:00of course,

07:01is all purely hypothetical.

07:03It's very difficult for us

07:04to imagine a world

07:05where time flows backwards.

07:07We can only imagine

07:08how surreal this inverted reality

07:10would look like.

07:12But this is what the data suggests for now.

07:15There might be something

07:16we don't know yet

07:17that would make the antimatter world different.

07:19But,

07:20as far as we know today,

07:21it seems

07:22this is what a mirror world

07:24made of antimatter

07:25would look like.

07:26Scientists are still studying antimatter

07:29and its properties.

07:31Understanding these properties

07:32is important

07:33for a number of reasons.

07:34First of all,

07:35it gives us a better understanding

07:37of the universe

07:37and its origins.

07:39The imbalance between matter

07:41and antimatter

07:42in our world

07:43is one of the biggest mysteries

07:44in physics.

07:46Studying antimatter

07:47can help us understand

07:48why this is the case.

07:51Second,

07:52it would give us

07:52a better understanding

07:53of particle physics

07:55and subatomic particles.

07:57This knowledge

07:57can help us unlock

07:58the secrets of the universe

07:59and make new discoveries

08:01in physics.

08:03And,

08:03of course,

08:04let's not forget

08:05about all the possible

08:06technological advancements.

08:08Antimatter

08:09has the potential

08:10to be used

08:11as a source of fuel

08:12for future space missions

08:13and other technologies.

08:15We could use this

08:16in propulsion systems

08:17to travel

08:18from planet to planet.

08:19We could also use

08:21antimatter

08:22in medicine,

08:23for example,

08:23for cancer treatment.

08:25Also,

08:26in medical imaging,

08:27antimatter particles

08:28can be used

08:29to produce

08:29high-resolution images

08:30of the inside

08:31of the body,

08:32giving doctors

08:33a better view

08:34of what's going on.

08:36So,

08:37in other words,

08:38understanding the properties

08:39of antimatter

08:40is very important

08:41for science.

08:42It's a fascinating

08:43field of study

08:44that has the potential

08:45to unlock

08:46some of the biggest secrets

08:47in the universe.

08:49A universe

08:50made of antimatter

08:51would be a fascinating place.

08:53It would be very interesting

08:54to visit there

08:55and see how everything works.

08:57And the true nature

08:58of an antimatter universe

09:00remains a mystery,

09:01waiting to be explored

09:03and understood.

09:04But,

09:05let's hope

09:05that we'll figure

09:06these mysteries out

09:07in the future.

09:07incorinescetığ

09:09and maybe

09:09we will find more

09:10than a dad.

09:11To bedepth

09:11for a 1914

09:11and a few years

09:12of a natural

09:12coming up

09:13and sharing

09:14with Ian

09:15and the mind

09:16who looked at

09:16the right

09:17and how many

09:18are we already

09:18in that.

09:19This is a Crazy

09:19and the way

09:20in that.

09:20And the way

09:21that we

09:21have been

09:24averted

09:24firearm

09:25to get

09:27a substance

09:27and how many

09:28here

09:29are

09:29more

09:32on

09:32the right

09:35,

09:35there

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